安徽省示范高中培优联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期冬季联赛英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1安徽省示范高中培优联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期冬季联赛英语试卷第Ⅰ卷（选择题共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.WhathasEricbeengivenforhisbirthday?A.Abook.B.Adairy.C.Analbum.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Atashoppingmall.B.Atabusstop.C.Inabank.3.WhenwillTomgethisbookbag?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.4.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howthewomangotthesun.B.Whenthewomanwentsailing.C.Wherethewomanhadaholiday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答小题。6.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.Ateacher.B.Areceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.7.Whendoesthewomansuggestvisitingthecenter?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.听下面一段对话，回答小题。8.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Themarkets.B.Thewatergardens.C.Theancientdistrict.9.Whoisthewomangoingtogetapresentfor?A.Herdad.B.Hermum.C.Hersister.听下面一段对话，回答小题。10.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Sherushedforthetrain.B.Shegotoffthetrain.C.Shecamebackfromtown.11.Whatcausedthewomantrouble?A.Hercoat.B.Herhigh-heeledshoes.C.Hersportsshoes.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman?A.Disorganized.B.Reliable.C.Sporty.听下面一段对话，回答小题。13.WhatisWendy’sopinionaboutthemenu?A.It’scomplicated.B.It’sattractive.C.It’straditional.14.Whowilldothedeliveriesfirst?A.Wendy.B.Mark.C.Ben.15.Whatdidthemando?A.Heorderedmorepackaging.B.Hearrangedtheschedule.C.Hehiredmorepeople.16.WhatwillWendydonext?A.Plansomepromotions.B.Contactrepeatcustomers.C.Makechangestothewebsite.听下面一段独白，回答小题。17.Whendidthespeakerdecidetobeamechanic?A.Whenhewasachild.B.Afterhefinishedschool.C.Whenhegotqualifications.18.Whydidthespeakerleavehistown?A.Tolearnnewskills.B.Tobecomeanadventurer.C.Toexperiencenewthings.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthejobontheshipatfirst?A.Enjoyable.B.Satisfying.C.Tough.20.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterhisexperienceontheship?A.Hewentontravelling.B.Hesetuphisownbusiness.C.Heorganizedsometraining.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.IfyouwanttoadvanceyourEnglish,thereisawiderangeofcoursesthatyoucanchoosefrom.One-to-OneEnglishEnglishlevel:MinimumA1Coursecontent:Thiscourseisperfectforcompletebeginnersandadvancedlearnersalikebecauseeverythingistailoredforyourneeds.Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteachersandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.GeneralEnglishforover30’sEnglishlevel:A1andaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseisdesignedforinternationaladultsaged30andoverwhowanttolearnorimprovetheirEnglishwhileexploringLondonandmakingnewfriendsfromallovertheworld.Lessonsarebasedonarangeofrelevantandmotivatingmaterials.LondonisusedasaresourcewithlearnersputtingtheirlanguageintopracticeregularlywhileexploringLondon.GeneralEnglish20LessonsEnglishlevel:A2andaboveCoursecontent:ThisisanintensivecourseforalllevelstoimproveyourEnglishwithextrafocusonspeaking.Studentswillworktogethertoexploreandreviewgrammarincontextthroughroleplays,discussionsandpresentations.Topics,languageareasandmaterialswillreflecttheinterestsandneedsoftheclass.EnglishforFutureLearnersEnglishlevel:B2andaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinkingandteamwork.Studentsworkingroupswithamixofnationalitiesandwillbesplitintoprojectmanagementgroupstoworkthroughseminarsandbusinesschallenges.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreinformation,pleasecontactusatsales@.1.WhatisspecialaboutOne-to-OneEnglish?A.Learnerscandecidewhattolearnbasedontheirlearninggoals.B.Learnersareencouragedtoputtheirlanguageskillsintopractice.C.Learnerswillworktogethertoreviewsomegrammaticalrulesinclass.D.Learnerswillworkingroupstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskills.2.Whichcourseinvolvestheexplorationforcriticalthinking?A.One-to-OneEnglish B.GeneralEnglishforover30’sC.GeneralEnglish20Lessons D.EnglishforFutureLearners3.Whoarethecoursesintendedfor?A.Travelerswiththehopeofmakingnewfriends.B.Nativespeakerswithanextrafocusonspeaking.C.InternationalstudentsofvariousEnglishlevels.D.Completebeginnerswithnolanguagebackground.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个提高英语水平的课程。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteachersandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.(你将和你的老师一起定义你的学习成果，他们将根据你的学习目标创建课程)”可知，在这门课程中，学习者可以根据自己的学习目标决定学习内容。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据EnglishforFutureLearners部分中“Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinkingandteamwork.(本课程鼓励学生探索当代领导技能，如辩论、批判性思维和团队合作)”可知，EnglishforFutureLearners涉及批判性思维的探索。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.(伦敦国际学院拥有来自世界各地的学生，为初学者，中级和高级学习者提供真正的国际化学习环境)”可推知，这些课程是针对各种水平的国际学生设置的。故选C。BThetomatoleafminermoth(潜叶蛾)originatesfromPeruandiscommonthroughoutSouthAmerica.However,ithasspreadthroughEuropesince2007andhasbecomeoneofthelargestpestsinMediterraneanregions,threateningfoodsupplies.Expertsaroundtheworldarecurrentlystrugglingwithnewwaystobattlethemoth,butithasdevelopedresistancetopesticides(杀虫剂),leavingfarmershelplesstostopthedamage.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthhasshownthattheanswermaylieinthetropicaltentwebspider.Scientistscarriedoutlaboratorytestsandfoundthatthespidersbandedtogethertoformwebsthateasilycaughttheflyinginsects,whichtheythenate.DrLenaGrinsted,theleadauthorofthestudy,said,“Thetropicaltentwebspidersoperateinlargegroupsandcancreategiantjoined-upwebscapableofcatchinginsectsintheair.Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtoareductionofrelianceonchemicalpesticides,resultinginlesspollutioninsoils,waterwaysandfoodchainsinthefuture.”Cropdamageisalsocausedbythelarvae(幼虫),whichdirectlyattackthetomatofruit,makingthecropuglyandthusunmarketable.Larvaeliveinsidetheleafuntiltheybegintheprocessofturningintoamoth,makingthemdifficulttocontrol.However,scientistsexpectthattargetingtheadultmothpopulationwillreducethenumberofeggsbeinglaid.Inaddition,thespidersbuildthebiggestwebsduringthesummer,whichcanbenefitthetomatoplantingandgrowingseasoninMayandJune.Theresearcherssaidthestudywould“opendoorsfortheuseofgroup-livingspiderstocontrolagriculturalpests”butwarnedthatmoreworkwasneededtocheckthespidersdidnotchangetheecologyofregions.“Futurestudiesareneededtoinvestigatewhetherthespidersmaynegativelyimpactcroppollination(传粉)byalsocatchingbeesandotherkeypollinators.”DrGrinstedadded.4.Whyisitdifficulttogetridofthemothaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itislargeinsize. B.Itisdrug-resistant.C.Itspreadstooquickly. D.Itthreatensfoodsupplies.5.Whatmadeusingthespiderstocontrolpestspossible?A.Theirabilitytoweavehugewebs. B.Theirimportanceinthefoodchain.C.Theeffectofchemicalpesticidesonsoil. D.Thecostreductionofbuildingwaterways.6.WhatisDrGrinsted’sattitudetowardsthenewpest-controlproject?A.Optimistic. B.Indifferent. C.Cautious. D.Disapproving.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Moths:TheBiggestThreattoCrops B.Spiders:TheInsect-CatchingLoversC.Moths:AHeadacheforModernAgriculture D.Spiders:AnEco-friendlyAlternativetoDrugs〖答案〗4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了UniversityofPortsmouth专家们的一个新发现——用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Expertsaroundtheworldarecurrentlystrugglingwithnewwaystobattlethemoth,butithasdevelopedresistancetopesticides(杀虫剂),leavingfarmershelplesstostopthedamage.(世界各地的专家目前都在努力寻找对抗这种飞蛾的新方法，但它已经对杀虫剂产生了抗药性，农民们无法阻止这种破坏)”可知，很难消灭飞蛾是因为它有抗药性。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thetropicaltentwebspidersoperateinlargegroupsandcancreategiantjoined-upwebscapableofcatchinginsectsintheair.(热带帐篷网蜘蛛成群活动，能织出巨大的连网，能在空中捕捉昆虫)”可知，蜘蛛的织网的能力使得利用蜘蛛来控制害虫成为可能。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Futurestudiesareneededtoinvestigatewhetherthespidersmaynegativelyimpactcroppollination(传粉)byalsocatchingbeesandotherkeypollinators.(未来的研究需要调查蜘蛛是否会通过捕获蜜蜂和其他关键传粉媒介对作物授粉产生负面影响)”可推知，他对这种新的消灭害虫的方法是持谨慎的态度的。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句话“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthhasshownthattheanswermaylieinthetropicaltentwebspider.(朴茨茅斯大学的一项新研究表明，〖答案〗可能在热带帐篷网蜘蛛身上)”和第二段最后一句“Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtoareductionofrelianceonchemicalpesticides,resultinginlesspollutioninsoils,waterwaysandfoodchainsinthefuture.(这可能会减少对化学农药的依赖，从而减少未来对土壤、水道和食物链的污染)”结合本文是介绍一种用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾的新方法，这种方法因为减少了对杀虫剂的使用而对环境有益。故D项“蜘蛛：一种环保的药物替代品”最符合文章标题。故选D。CArecentstudyinJapanhasrevealedthatawearablesoftrobot,namedRelicbo,canimprovetheexperienceofpatientsinmedicaltreatments,suchasinjections(注射)andotherunpleasanttherapies.Thepurposeoftherobotistohelpeasepainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.Thestudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofTsukuba,wasinspiredinpartbythenumerousneedlespeoplehadtoendurewhilebeingvaccinated(接种疫苗)againstCOVID-19.Somepeoplefeltanintensedislikefortheseneedles,whichledtofewerpeoplegettingvaccinated.Therobotissoftandcoveredinfur.Itcontainssmallairbagsinternallythatinflate(膨胀)inresponsetohandmovement.Participantsinthestudywhoworetherobotwhilesubjectedtoamediumheatstimulation,experiencedlesspaininthetestthanthosewhodidnotweartherobot.Thetestprovedthatthepainandanxietybeingfeltcouldbereducedsharplybylesseningtheexperienceofpainthroughusingtherobot.Theresearchteamcheckedtheeffectivenessofthewearablerobotwhilebeinghandledbyparticipantsundercertainconditions,basedontheclenchingofthehand.Theteamplacedpainfulheatstimulationontheotherarmthatwasnotholdingtherobot.Theythenmeasuredcortisollevelsfromtheparticipants’salivasamples,suggestinglevelsofstresshormones.Thepainfeltbythepatientswasgivenspecificratingsandwasalsorecordedusinganassessmentscale.Thepeopleinthestudyweregivenasurveytesttoassesstheirfearofinjectionsbeforeandaftertheexperimentwiththewearablerobotwascompleted.Thestudyprovedthatholdingtherobotcancasetheexperienceofpatientswhowerereceivinginjections.Theresearchteamhopestousethisstudytoadvancetherobotforuseduringpainfulsituations,suchasgettingmedicalshotsorsimilarconditions.8.Whatisthefunctionoftherobot?A.Toassistdoctorsininjectingaccurately.B.Tohelprelievepeople’spainfrominjections.C.Toevaluatepatients’physicalandmentalhealth.D.ToassesstheeffectsofgettingvaccinatedagainstCOVID-19.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lessening”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Detecting.B.Increasing.C.Recording.D.Decreasing.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Methodsoftestingtheeffectivenessoftherobot.B.Reasonsforconductingtheexperimentontherobot.C.Theadvantagesofthenewrobotinthemedicalfield.D.Theprocessofreducingpeople’sfearofinjections.11.Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A.Evaluatetheriskoftherobot.B.Developotherdevicesformedicaltreatment.C.Promotetheapplicationoftherobot.D．Carryoutmoretestsontherobot.〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本的一项最新研究：可穿戴的软体机器人可以帮助减轻痛苦和保护人们免受焦虑。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thepurposeoftherobotistohelpeasepainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.(该机器人的目的是帮助减轻疼痛和保护人们免受焦虑)”可知，机器人的功能是帮助人们减轻注射带来的疼痛。故选B项。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Thetestprovedthatthepainandanxietybeingfeltcouldbereducedsharply(试验证明，疼痛和焦虑感可以大大减轻)”和“theexperienceofpain(痛苦的体验)”可以推知，此处应该是指“减轻”痛苦的体验，所以推测出画线词是“减轻”的意思。故选D项。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Theresearchteamcheckedtheeffectivenessofthewearablerobotwhilebeinghandledbyparticipantsundercertainconditions,basedontheclenchingofthehand.(研究小组以握紧手的姿势为基础，检查了参与者在特定条件下使用可穿戴机器人时的效果)”可知，本段主要是讲测试机器人有效性的方法。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theresearchteamhopestousethisstudytoadvancetherobotforuseduringpainfulsituations,suchasgettingmedicalshotsorsimilarconditions.(研究团队希望通过这项研究来改进机器人在疼痛情况下的使用，例如进行医疗注射或类似情况)”可推知，研究人员下一步可能会促进机器人的应用。故选C项。DAsAIartgeneratorstaketheworldbystorm,somepeoplewonderiftheirworksshouldcountasartatall.Thetechnologyisstilldevelopingandhassomewrinklestoironout(消除),whichmeansthereareindeedflawstoconsideralongsidetheincredibleartworkagoodartificialintelligencecanproduce.Artisclassedastheproductofimagination,skill,experience,andemotion,usuallymeanttorepresentsomethingforthepublictoenjoy.Artistsspenttimeandeffortputtingtheirinnerworldsontotheseworks.Machineintelligencealsoputsalotofworkintosortingthroughtonsofdata,linkingsomeone’sprompt(指令)todatasets,andtryingtorepresentitasbestaspossible.ThedifferenceisthattheAIisdrivenbycommandsinsteadofanemotionaldesiretoexpressitself.AIpainterscanproduceover1,000originalworksofartwitheverytapoftheenterkeyonakeyboard.Butamass-producedprintoftheMonaLisaisworthlessthantheactualLeonardodaVinci’spainting.Why?Scarcity—there’sonlyoneoftheoriginal.Shouldanyonepayforthesethings?AndifanartistputsAImasterpiecesupforsale,whatshouldthepricebe?AIartinvolvesaprogrammimicking(模仿)theworkofexistingartiststocreateanewpieceaccordingtotherequestofahuman.Butwhomadetheartwork,themachineoritsuser?Andcantheoriginalartistssuefor(控告)copyrightviolation?Suchquestionscomplicatethemergingofartificialintelligenceandtheartindustry,whilefuelingargumentsagainstrecognizingAI-generatedartasmarketableartisticproducts.Oncewe’veansweredthosequestions,wecantacklethereallybigone:WhenanAI-generatedpaintingwinsanaward,whogetstheprize?12.HowisAIartdifferentfromhumanart?A.Itistheproductofexperience. B.Itcombinesdifferentstylesofwork.C.Itisnotamirrorofartists’emotions. D.Itdoesn’tcostmuchmoneytoproduce.13.WhydoesthewritermentionMonaLisainparagraph3?A.TopresentthepotentialtroublewiththevalueofAIart.B.Tointroduceanewwayofpreservingartmasterpieces.C.ToshowtheadvantagesofAIpaintersoverhumanartists.D.Toprovethepopularityofclassicartworksamongviewers.14.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.AIartpromotesthesaleofartisticproducts. B.AIartmakescopyrightissuesmorecomplicated.C.ArtistscancreatemoreworkswiththehelpofAI. D.Therewillbefiercecompetitionintheartindustry.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topersuade. B.Toinform. C.Todescribe. D.Toargue.〖答案〗12.C13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了AI艺术创作是否是真的艺术的问题。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThedifferenceisthattheAIisdrivenbycommandsinsteadofanemotionaldesiretoexpressitself.(不同之处在于，AI是由命令驱动的，而不是由表达自己的情感欲望驱动的)”可知，人工智能艺术与人类艺术的不同在于它不是人类情感的反应。故选C。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“AIpainterscanproduceover1,000originalworksofartwitheverytapoftheenterkeyonakeyboard.Butamass-producedprintoftheMonaLisaisworthlessthantheactualLeonardodaVinci’spainting.Why?Scarcity—there’sonlyoneoftheoriginal.Shouldanyonepayforthesethings?AndifanartistputsAImasterpiecesupforsale,whatshouldthepricebe?(只要敲击键盘上的回车键，人工智能画家就能创作出1000多幅原创艺术作品。但是，一幅批量生产的《蒙娜丽莎》版画的价值还不如列奥纳多·达·芬奇的真迹。为什么？稀缺性——只有一个原物。有人应该为这些东西买单吗?如果一位艺术家要出售人工智能杰作，价格应该是多少？)”可推知，作者想通过这个例子来说明AI艺术可能会给艺术作品的价值评定带来问题。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butwhomadetheartwork,themachineoritsuser?Andcantheoriginalartistssuefor(控告)copyrightviolation?Suchquestionscomplicatethemergingofartificialintelligenceandtheartindustry,whilefuelingargumentsagainstrecognizingAI-generatedartasmarketableartisticproducts.(但是是谁创造了艺术品，机器还是它的使用者？原创艺术家可以起诉侵犯版权吗？这些问题使人工智能和艺术产业的融合变得复杂，同时也加剧了反对将人工智能生成的艺术视为可销售的艺术产品的争论)”可推知，人工智能艺术使版权问题更加复杂。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“AsAIartgeneratorstaketheworldbystorm,somepeoplewonderiftheirworksshouldcountasartatall.Thetechnologyisstilldevelopingandhassomewrinklestoironout(消除),whichmeansthereareindeedflawstoconsideralongsidetheincredibleartworkagoodartificialintelligencecanproduce.(随着人工智能艺术生成器席卷全球，有些人怀疑他们的作品是否应该算作艺术。这项技术仍在发展中，还有一些问题需要解决，这意味着除了优秀的人工智能可以创造出令人难以置信的艺术品外，还需要考虑一些缺陷)”结合文章主要讨论了AI艺术创作是否是真的艺术的问题。故写作的目的就是为了辩论“AI艺术创作是真的艺术吗?”。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AsuniversitydoorsopenedinSeptemberforanewyear,anestimatedsixmillionpeopleacrosstheworldtooktothestreetsinahistoricweekofclimateaction.Forfreshersstartinganewchapteratuniversity,decidinghowtoliveyourlifeisvital.____16____Whatyouputonyourplatematters.Meatanddairyconsumptionresultsinexcessive(过度的)landuse,industrialemissions,wateruseanddeforestation.____17____Therefore,ameat-freediethasbeenrecommendedasthe“single-biggestway”anindividualcanreducetheirimpactontheplanet.____18____Keepingyourclothesforaslongaspossiblehasmorethanjustmonetaryvalue.IntheUK,clothinghasthefourth-largestenvironmentalimpactafterhousing,transportandfood.Sorecycleyourclothesormendthem.Changeyourhabits.____19____Therearesimplewaysyoucanchangeyourhabitstolivesustainably.Washyourclothesatalowertemperature,andchooseabambootoothbrushormoreeco-friendlysanitary(卫生的)products.Ifyou’replanningaweekendawaywithfriends,trytotravelbytrainorbus.Individualactionsmatter,astheydemonstratecommitmentandprovideanalternativetohowwecanlive.Butcampaigningisimportant,too.____20____Ifyoudon’tknowwhereorhowtostart,seeifthereareanysocietiesatyouruniversity.StudentsoftheFossilFreecampaign,forexample,havebroughtonhugechangesbycallingontheirinstitutionstostopusingfossilfuels.A.Forgetfastfashion.B.Behaveyourselfinpublic.C.Whileshopping,turnupwithyourowncontainer.D.Universitycampuscanbeaperfectplaceforthis.E.Cuttingoutmeatisaneasywaytoreduceyourcarbonfootprint.F.Herearesomeideasabouthowyoucanbesustainableasastudent.G.Forfreshers,livingalonemeansdoingyourownwashing,cookingandcleaning.〖答案〗16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大学生如何开始环保生活。【16题详析】根据上文“Forfreshersstartinganewchapteratuniversity,decidinghowtoliveyourlifeisvital.(对于开始大学新篇章的新生来说，决定如何生活是至关重要的)”可知下文主要是介绍大学生如何开始环保生活的建议。F项“这里有一些关于你如何作为一个可持续的学生的想法”承接上文，且引领下文，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】本段是就学生盘中的食物方面给出建议。根据上文“Meatanddairyconsumptionresultsinexcessive(过度的)landuse,industrialemissions,wateruseanddeforestation.(肉类和奶制品的消费导致了过度的土地使用、工业排放、用水和森林砍伐)”可知对肉类和奶制品的消费会导致过度的土地使用，工业废气排放，水资源浪费和沙漠化，所以E项“不吃肉是减少碳足迹的一种简单方法”符合语境。故选E。【18题详析】根据后文“Keepingyourclothesforaslongaspossiblehasmorethanjustmonetaryvalue.IntheUK,clothinghasthefourth-largestenvironmentalimpactafterhousing,transportandfood.Sorecycleyourclothesormendthem.(把衣服保存得越久越好，这不仅仅是金钱上的价值。在英国，服装对环境的影响仅次于住房、交通和食品。所以回收你的衣服或修补它们)”本句是一个段落主旨句。根据段落主旨句的特点（祈使句）和内容（穿衣时尚）可知A项“忘掉快时尚吧”符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】根据下文“Washyourclothesatalowertemperature,andchooseabambootoothbrushormoreeco-friendlysanitary(卫生的)products.(在较低的温度下洗衣服，并选择竹牙刷或更环保的卫生产品)”可知，本段就如何改变学生的日常生活习惯方面提出建议。故G选项“对于新手来说，独自生活意味着自己洗衣服、做饭和打扫卫生”符合语境。故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Butcampaigningisimportant,too.(学生运动很重要)”可知，本段主要是强调在保持环保生活习惯方面，各种学生运动所起到的作用。故D项“大学校园是一个完美的可开展学生运动的场所”符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteIWanderedLonelyasaCloud,apoemthatwasinspiredwhenhecameacrossafieldofdaffodils(水仙花).It____21____abasicspiritofearlyEnglishRomanticism(浪漫主义).Whatmakesthispoema(n)____22____ofRomanticthinking?Itisn’tthatWordsworth____23____towriteaboutanaturalscene:itisthewayhedescribesthesceneasifithadhuman____24____.Forhim,natureisnotonlyaneutral(无感情色彩的)____25____ofscenery,colors,plants,rocks,soil,waterandair.Itisa____26____forcethatfeelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeingsandshowusthebeautyoflife.Wordsworth’shomeisnowoneofthemostpopular____27____intheLakeDistrict.Youcangoonatourofthegardenwherewildflowersstill____28____nowregardlessofthechangeofthetime.Theplace,whereWordsworthsawthedaffodils,isatthesouthernmostendofthelake.Whenyouarewalkinginthe____29____ofWilliamfromtwocenturiesago,thefirstgroupofdaffodilsappear,buttheyaren’ttallyellowtrumpets(小号状的花)____30____swinginginthegentlewindasdescribedinWordsworth’s____31____.Theyarejusttinywilddaffodilsgroupedaroundindividualtreesratherthan____32____together.Butasyoulooknorth,frombesideahugeancientoaktree,yourealizethisiswhat____33____Wordsworth:groupaftergroupofdaffodils,spreadouttoleftandrightbutcomingtogetherinyoursightsothatthey____34____abeautiful,paleyellowcarpet.Whatyou’reseeingatlastisnaturetransformedbyhumansightand____35____.21.A.expresses B.raises C.breaks D.compares22.A.cause B.series C.example D.proposal23.A.volunteers B.chooses C.refuses D.hesitates24.A.identities B.emotions C.appearancesD.characters25.A.balance B.shape C.pattern D.mixture26.A.violent B.economic C.physical D.living27.A.masterpieces B.destinations C.activities D.performances28.A.shakes B.escapes C.survives D.responds29.A.footprint B.direction C.possession D.charge30.A.proudly B.casually C.sharply D.regularly31.A.sight B.mind C.memory D.poem32.A.floating B.waiting C.collecting D.trembling33.A.confused B.delighted C.persuaded D.confirmed34.A.form B.decorate C.destroy D.change35.A.capability B.flexibility C.expectation D.imagination〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.B25.D26.D27.B28.C29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国著名诗人威廉·华兹华斯的诗歌风格以及他的故居鸽子农舍的景色。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神。A.expresses表达；B.raises筹集；C.breaks打破；D.compares比较。根据后文“abasicspiritofearlyEnglishRomanticism”此处指这首诗歌中表达的是精神是早起英国浪漫主义。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是什么使这首诗成为浪漫主义思想的范例？A.cause原因；B.series系列；C.example例子；D.proposal提议。上文提到《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》这首诗表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神，说明这首诗是一个浪漫主义思想的范例。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A.volunteers志愿；B.chooses选择；C.refuses拒绝；D.hesitates犹豫。根据后文“towriteaboutanaturalscene:itisthewayhedescribesthescene”可知，这首诗之所以可以成为浪漫主义思想的范例，不在于华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A.identities身份；B.emotions情感；C.appearances外观；D.characters特性。根据后文“feelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeings”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌中自然有人类的情感。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。A.balance平衡；B.shape形状；C.pattern模式；D.mixture混合。根据后文“ofscenery,colors,plants,rocks,soil,waterandair”指自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。故选D。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一种生命的力量，它能感受快乐和悲伤，甚至试图教育我们人类，向我们展示生活的美好。A.violent暴力的；B.economic经济的；C.physical身体的；D.living活着的。根据后文“feelsjoyandsadness”能感受到快乐和悲伤是生命的力量，livingforce表示“生命力”。故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。A.masterpieces杰作；B.destinations目的地；C.activities活动；D.performances表现。根据上文“Wordsworth’shomeisnowoneofthemostpopular”可知，华兹华斯是著名诗人，所以华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以去参观花园，在那里，尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。A.shakes摇晃；B.escapes逃走；C.survives幸存；D.responds回复。根据上文“Youcangoonatourofthegardenwherewildflowersstill”以及后文提到了去看水仙花，可知尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A.footprint脚印；B.direction方向；C.possession财产；D.charge收费。根据上文“Whenyouarewalkinginthe”与行走对应的是足迹，故选A。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A.proudly骄傲地；B.casually随意地；C.sharply尖锐地；D.regularly定期地。根据后文“Theyarejusttinywilddaffodils”描述了水仙花真正的样子，可推知华兹华斯的诗歌中水仙花在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A.sight看见；B.mind思维；C.memory记忆；D.poem诗歌。结合第一段“TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteIWanderedLonelyasaCloud,apoemthatwasinspiredwhenhecameacrossafieldofdaffodils.(两百年前，英国诗人威廉·华兹华斯写了《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》，这首诗的灵感来自于他偶然看到的一片水仙花)”可知，此处指他是个中描述的水仙花。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们只是小小的野生水仙花，簇生在一棵棵树周围，而不是聚集在一起。A.floating漂浮；B.waiting等待；C.collecting收集，聚集；D.trembling颤抖。根据上文“groupedaroundindividualtrees”可知，水仙花是一簇簇生长，而不是聚在一起的。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A.confused使困惑；B.delighted使高兴；C.persuaded说服；D.confirmed确认。根据后文“groupaftergroupofdaffodils,spreadouttoleftandrightbutcomingtogetherinyoursight”的描述可知，华兹华斯当时看到一簇簇水仙花，从左到右展开，但在你的视线中汇聚在一起，这一场景让他高兴，所以写下了著名的诗歌。故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A.form形成；B.decorate装饰；C.destroy破坏；D.change改变。根据后文“abeautiful,paleyellowcarpet”指水仙花形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最终看到的是经过人类视觉和想象力改造的自然。A.capability能力；B