新教材英语选择性课时作业（十五）Unit5AdelicateworldSectionⅢDevelopingideasPresentingideas

课时作业(十五)Unit5SectionⅢDevelopingideas,Presentingideas&Reflection阅读理解AAtanoutdoorrestaurant,acockroach(蟑螂)flewinandlandedonawoman.Shestartedscreamingoutoffear;withapanic­strickenfaceandtremblingvoice,shestartedjumping,withbothherhandsdesperatelytryingtogetridofthecockroach.Herreactionwasspreading,aseveryoneinhergroupalsogotintoapanic.Thewomanfinallymanagedtoflickthecockroachawaybutitlandedonamaninthegroupwhocontinuedthedrama.Intherelay(接力赛)ofthrowing,thecockroachnextfelluponawaitresswhohadrushedtotheirrescue.Thewaitressstoodfirm,calmedherselfandobservedthebehaviorofthecockroachonherblouse.Whenshewasconfidentenough,shegrabbeditandthrewitoutoftherestaurant.Sippingmycoffeeandwatchingtheamusement,Istartedwondering:wasthecockroachresponsiblefortheirfunnybehavior?Ifso,thenwhywasthewaitressnotdisturbed?Shehandledthesituationtonearperfection,withoutpanic.Itwasnotthecockroach,buttheinabilityofthecustomerstohandlethedisturbancecausedbythecockroachthatdisturbedthem.Irealizedthatitwasnottheshoutingofmychildrenormybossormywife,butmyinabilitytohandlethedisturbancescausedbytheirshoutingthatdisturbedme.It'snotthetrafficjamsontheroadthatdisturbme,butmyinabilitytohandlethedisturbancecausedbythetrafficjams.Morethantheproblem,it'smyreactiontotheproblemthatcreateschaosinmylife.Iunderstood.Ishouldnotreactinlife.Ishouldalwaysrespond.Thecustomersreacted,whilethewaitressresponded.Reactionsarealwaysinstinctive(本能的),whileresponsestendtobewellthoughtout.1．Whathappenedintheoutdoorrestaurant?A．Acockroachwasfoundinawoman'sfoodandthenamanfoundthesameproblem.B．Acockroachappearingintherestaurantcausedastateofpanicamongthecustomers.C．Thewaitresshadtoapologizetothecustomersforacockroach.D．Awomanandamanweretryingtorescuethewaitressfromthecockroach.2．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph5?A．Disturbance.B．Success.C．Frustration.D．Harmony.3．Accordingtothepassage,ifyouranintoatrafficjam,youmightaswell________A．plainyourdelayB．feelupsetandannoyedC．relaxyourselfbylisteningtomusicD．expectsomeonetocleartheroadrightaway4．Whatdoesthepassagetellus?A．Speakless,domore!B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords!C．Mindyourmannerswhileinarestaurant!D．Don'treactjustfromyourfeelings;respondpositively!BPeoplehavebeenwonderingwhyelephantsdonotdevelopcancereventhoughtheyhavelifespansthataresimilartohumans,livingforaround50to70years.Nowscientistsbelievetheyknowwhy.AteamattheUniversityofChicagohasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumorsdeveloping.Tobeprecise,theyfound20copiesofananti­tumorgenecalledTPAccordingtotheresearch,theextracopiesofthegeneimprovetheanimal'ssensitivitytoDNAdamage,whichletsthecellsquicklykillthemselveswhendamagedbeforetheycangoontoformdeadlytumors.“Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolution(进化)oflargebodysizesinmanyanimals，”thestudyauthorDr.VincentLynchtoldTheGuardian.Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbeingcancerous,largecreatureswithalonglifespanlikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmice.Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.This_phenomenonwasfoundbyOxfordUniversityscientistRichardPetointhe1970sandlaternamed“Peto'sparadoxThestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancerspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.“Naturehasalreadyfiguredouthowtopreventcancer，”saidJoshuaSchiffman,abiologistattheSchoolofMedicine,theUniversityofUtah.“It'suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalsdealwiththeproblemsothatwecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople.”5．Whyareelephantsunlikelytodevelopcancer?A．Theyhavearatherlargebodysize.B．TheirgenessuffernoDNAdamage.C．Certaingenesintheirbodykillexistingtumors.D．Theycarrymanygenestopreventtumorsdeveloping.6．Accordingtothepassage,whathasbeenariskintheevolutionoflargeanimals?A．Deadlytumors.B．Thehugebodymass.C．Cellskillingthemselves.D．SensitivitytoDNAdamage.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“Thisphenomenon”inParagraph5probablyreferto?A．LargeranimalshaveprotectionfromTP53.B．Theriskofcancerisnotrelatedtobodysizes.C．Largeranimalssufferthesameriskofcancerassmallerones.D．Thehugeranimalsare,thebiggerriskofcancertheywillhave.8．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A．Dependingonnatureissurelyenoughtofightagainstcancer.B．TheTP53geneshaveprovedusefulinstoppingcancerinpeople.C．HumansareexpectedtopreventcancerwiththemakingofTP53.D．Theextracopiesofelephants'genesareusedtocurecancerpatients.CImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon'trememberMomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.HearingMomsay,“Ican'tbelievewhat'sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning，”mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix­year­oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.WhenMomsaid,“TheC－A－N－D－Yishiddenonthetopshelf，”Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA'sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn'tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI'mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbeingmoreplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbeeanyone.Idon'thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We'retaughttoreadbecauseit'snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.9．WhydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofMom'shands?A．ShewantedMomtoreadthenewstoher.B．Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C．Shecouldn'twaittotearthenewspaperapart.D．Shecouldn'thelpbutstopMomfromreading.10．AccordingtoParagraph3,theauthor'sreadingofroadsignsindicates________.A．heruniquewaytolocateherselfB．hereagernesstodevelopherreadingabilityC．herefforttoremindMomtoobeytrafficrulesD．hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher11．Whatwastheauthor'sviewonfactualreading?A．Itwouldhelpherupdatetest­takingskills.B．Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.C．Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D．Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.12．Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto________A．exploreafantasylandB．developapassionforlearningC．learnabouttheadultmunityD．getawayfromaconfusingworld课时作业(十五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一只蟑螂出现在饭店里引起了消费者的恐慌，服务员冷静地捉住蟑螂，将其扔了出去。作者通过这个故事旨在告诉人们：遇到问题时要积极地应对。1．答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Atanoutdoorrestaurant，acockroach(蟑螂)flewinandlandedonawoman.Shestartedscreamingoutoffear...aseveryoneinhergroupalsogotintoapanic”可知，出现在饭店里的蟑螂在顾客中引起了恐慌。故选B。2．答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“It'snotthetrafficjamsontheroadthatdisturbme,butmyinabilitytohandlethedisturbancecausedbythetrafficjams”可推知，chaos与disturbance的意思相近，意为“混乱”。故选A。3．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据最后一段的最后一句可知，反应(reaction)总是出于本能，而作出反应(response)往往是经过深思熟虑的。因此遇到交通堵塞时，在车里听音乐放松自己是应该作出的反应。故选C。4．答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。根据全文内容特别是最后一段中的“Iunderstood.Ishouldnotreactinlife.Ishouldalwaysrespond”可知，作者写这篇文章是想告诫读者遇到困难时要积极冷静地应对，而不是只做些本能的反应。故选D。B【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了美国芝加哥大学的一个团队发现大象携带大量阻止肿瘤发展的基因。在动物的进化中肿瘤是极大的威胁，而物种患癌症的几率和它们的体型没有关系。在大象的案例中，TP53的形成是让这个物种存活的自然方法，因此人们有望通过合成TP53来预防癌症。5．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“AteamattheUniversityofChicagohasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumorsdeveloping.”可知，美国芝加哥大学的一个团队发现大象携带大量阻止肿瘤发展的基因，所以D选项是正确的。6．答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolution(进化)oflargebodysizesinmanyanimals，”thestudy...可知，在大体型的动物的进化中，患癌症的风险增加。由此可知，它们进化中致命的肿瘤是极大的威