2023全国医学博士英语统一考试真题

未知驱动探索，专注成就专业全国医学博士英语统一考试真题题目一阅读理解针对下面的问题，请阅读以下材料：材料一Thefluvirus,alsoknownasinfluenza,isahighlycontagiousrespiratoryillness.Itspreadseasilyfrompersontopersonthroughtinydropletswhenaninfectedpersoncoughs,sneezes,ortalks.Themosteffectivewaytopreventthefluisbygettingafluvaccine.Thefluvaccineisdesignedtoprotectagainstthemostprevalentstrainsoffluvirusthatareexpectedtocirculateeachyear.Inadditiontogettingvaccinated,thereareotherpreventivemeasuresthatcanhelpreducetheriskofgettingtheflu.Theseincludewashinghandsfrequently,avoidingclosecontactwithsickindividuals,andcoveringthemouthandnosewhencoughingorsneezing.Ifapersondoesgettheflu,itisimportanttorest,stayhydrated,andseekmedicalattentionifsymptomsworsenorpersist.Thefluviruscancausearangeofsymptoms,includingfever,cough,sorethroat,bodyaches,fatigue,andnasalcongestion.Itcanalsoleadtoseriouscomplications,especiallyinyoungchildren,olderadults,andindividualswithweakenedimmunesystems.材料二AcupunctureisatraditionalChinesemedicaltreatmentthatinvolvesinsertingthinneedlesatspecificpointsonthebody.Itisbelievedtohelprestoretheflowofqi(energy)andpromotehealing.Acupuncturehasbeenusedforthousandsofyearstotreatvariousphysicalandmentalconditions,includingchronicpain,migraines,anxiety,andinfertility.TheWorldHealthOrganizationrecognizesacupunctureasavalidtreatmentforover100differentconditions,includingbutnotlimitedtoallergies,asthma,depression,andinsomnia.Inrecentyears,acupuncturehasgainedpopularityinWesterncountriesasacomplementarytherapyalongsideconventionalmedicine.Theeffectivenessofacupuncturestillremainsasubjectofdebateinthescientificcommunity.Somestudieshavefoundittobebeneficialforcertainconditions,whileothershavefoundnosignificantdifferencecomparedtoshamacupunctureorotherplacebotreatments.问题Whatisthemosteffectivewaytopreventtheflu?参考答案Themosteffectivewaytopreventthefluisbygettingafluvaccine.题目二词汇与语法根据句子上下文或词汇提示，在横线上填入正确的单词或词组。Thepatientwasadvisedto________ahealthydietandexerciseregularlytoimprovehisoverallhealth.Thedoctorprescribeda________medicationtotreatthepatient’sallergysymptoms.Thenurseexplainedthe________ofthesurgicalproceduretothepatientbeforetheoperation.Medicalprofessionalsmustalwaysadheretostrict________guidelinestoensurepatientsafety.参考答案maintainantihistaminedetailsethical题目三长篇阅读请阅读以下文章，并回答问题。文章Obesity,definedashavingabodymassindex(BMI)of30orhigher,hasbecomeamajorpublichealthconcernworldwide.Itisassociatedwithawiderangeofhealthproblems,includingheartdisease,type2diabetes,andcertaintypesofcancer.Theprevalenceofobesityhasbeensteadilyincreasingoverthepastfewdecades.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),morethan1.9billionadultsworldwidewereoverweightin2016,ofwhichover650millionwereobese.Inaddition,morethan340millionchildrenandadolescentsaged5-19wereoverweightorobesein2016.Therearemultiplefactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofobesity.Theseincludegeneticpredisposition,unhealthyeatinghabits,lackofphysicalactivity,andenvironmentalfactors.Intoday’smodernsociety,theabundanceofhigh-calorie,processedfoodsandsedentarylifestyleshavecontributedtotherisingratesofobesity.Theconsequencesofobesityarefar-reaching.Itnotonlyaffectsanindividual’sphysicalhealthbutalsohassignificantpsychologicalandsocialimpacts.Obeseindividualsaremorelikelytoexperiencedepression,lowself-esteem,anddiscriminationbasedontheirweight.Inaddition,theeconomicburdenofobesityissubstantial,withincreasedhealthcarecostsandlostproductivity.Effortstoaddresstheobesityepidemichavefocusedonacombinationofpreventionandtreatmentstrategies.Promotinghealthyeatinghabits,increasingphysicalactivity,andcreatingsupportiveenvironmentsarekeycomponentsofprevention.Forthosewhoarealreadyobese,interventionssuchasdietandexerciseprograms,medications,andbariatricsurgerycanhelpachieveweightlossandimproveoverallhealth.问题Whatisthedefinitionofobesity?AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),howmanyadultsworldwidewereoverweightin2016?Whataresomefactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofobesity?Besidesphysicalhealth,whataresomeotherimpactsofobesity?Whataresomestrategiestoaddresstheobesityepidemic?参考答案Obesityisdefinedashavingabodymassindex(BMI)of30orhigher.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),over1.9billionadultsworldwidewereoverweightin2016.Somefactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofobesityincludegeneticpredisposition,unhealthyeatinghabits,lackofphysicalactivity,andenvironmentalfactors.Besidesphysicalhealth,obesitycanalsohavesig