2023-2024学年河北省保定市定州市高一（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年河北省保定市定州市高一（上）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AFourArtStudyAbroadProgramsin2024Whetheryoulovearthistory，dance，photography，writing，orbeyond，herearethetopartprogramstoattendin2024.

The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly|ArtHistoryAbroad

Programlength：6weeksinsummer

Price：＄10，000

Ifyou'reinterestedinstudyingartists，criticism，andpaintingtechniquesduringperiodsliketheRenaissanceandstyleslikebaroque，Romanesque，andmodernart，thenthisprogramisforyou.Itpridesitselfonnotsimplyteachingartbutalsocultureandanappreciationofbeauty.

CreativeInternships（实习）inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiative

Programlength：1month

Price：＄3，250

Ifyou'veeverhadaninterestinpursuingacareerinthecreativeindustry，consideraninternshipopportunitywithArtBoundInitiative.Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.

TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYear

Programlength：Isemester

Price：＄17，000

ExploreyourownareasofinterestasyouworksidebysidewithlocalIrishartists，photographers，writers，andmusicians，learningaboutIreland'srichculturalandartisticheritage.Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries，museums，andcastles，andattheend，you'llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo.

CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgePrograms

Programlength：1semester

Price：＄16，500

Whetheryou'reacompletebeginneroranexperiencedperformerorartist，yourinterestsandtalentswillbenurturedbyindustryprofessionals.Duringyourtimehere，youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.1.Whereshouldyougotoobtaincareerguidanceaccordingtothetext？______A.France. B.Australia. C.Italy. D.Ireland.2.Whichprogramenablesparticipantstodisplaytheirworks？______A.The6-weekGapYearCourseinItaly.

B.CreativeInternshipsinAustraliawithABI.

C.TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram.

D.CreativeSemesterinFrance.3.Howmuchshouldanartistpaytoimprovehisperformingskills？______A.＄3，250. B.＄10，000. C.＄16，500. D.＄17，000.BLotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports，butJosephD'AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs.The9-year-oldfromNewington，Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow-whichisaboutbaseball，basketballandothersports-withhisdad，MikeD'Avirro，sinceSeptember2019.

TheD'AvirrosstartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied，whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.Thentheideacametohim.Sofar，theyhavedoneabout50programs.Joseph'sfavoriteiswhenthefather-and-sonteaminterviewedJimCalhoun，thecoachleadingtheConnecticutHuskiestothreenationaltitles.Theyhavealsointerviewedimportantsportsauthors.

Thefatherandsonmakeaboutone30-to40-minutepodcasteachmonth.Theyprepareforthepodcastsbydecidingonthequestionstheywanttoasktheguest.Josephaskshalfofthequestions，andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork，butJosephsaysitis"alotmorefunthanhomework".Josephhasalsolearnedtospeakupandspeakclearly.Hehastolistenandtogowiththeflowoftheconversation.Forexample，hesaid，"Iftheguestistalkingaboutsportsinthe1990s，youhavetothinkaboutsportsinthe1990s."

Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow，heanswered，"Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs."Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup-tobeasportsplayer，asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams，butJosephisalreadylivingadream：talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.4.WhatisJoseph'sshowabout？______A.Sometalkshowsonsports.

B.Waystogetalongwithparents.

C.Storiesaboutfamoussportsplayers.

D.Sportsthathisfamilylovesplaying.5.WhatinspiredMiketostarttheshowwithhisson？______A.Hisson'stalentforsports.

B.Hiswishtobeahostsincecollege.

C.Thedeathsofhiscollegeroommates.

D.Theencouragementfromhisroommates.6.WhatdoesJosephthinkofmemorizinghisquestions？______A.It'sasboringashomework.

B.It'schallengingtohisbrain.

C.It'smoreinterestingthanhomework.

D.Ittakesalotoftimebutmeansalot.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.Arisingsportsbroadcaster B.Alongroadtogotosuccess

C.JosephD'Avirro'sbigdream D.Thefather-and-sonteamhostsCInthenorthernmostedgeofColombiasitsthecoastaltownofAcandi.Accesstothetownisonlybywaterorair；thereisnoroadthatleadsthere.Theresidentstherearefacedwiththestrugglesofbalancinglivelihoodswhileprotectingbiodiversity.

Inthepast，traditionalcommunityfishingmethods，passeddownbytheelders，focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.However，theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels（拖网渔船）decadesagograduallydepletedthearea'sfishingresources，leadingtodamagetomarine（海洋的）lifeseriously.

JesusAntonioJulioCuestas，whoservesintheregion'sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources，stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques."Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources，"saysCuestas.HeandotherofficialsactivelymonitorfishingactivitiesinAcandi.Eachmorning，theyvisitthefishmarketstogatherdataonfisheryresources-includingpricesandsizes-tomonitorthestateofthelocalfishingindustry.

AlongwithCuestas，thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices，theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing."Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles，"explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.

ThismarinereserveinAcandi，Cuestasbelieves，istheirgreatesttreasure.Heattachesgreatimportancetoworkingtogetherwithlocalresidentstoimprovethequalityoflifewhilepreservingthemarineecosystem.Bydoingso，heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers，suchasengineersorlawyers，proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandi.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"depleted"inparagraph2mean？______A.Reused. B.Restored. C.Explored. D.Reduced.9.WhydoesJulioCuestascallfornewfishingtechniques？______A.Tocutdownonthecostsoffishing.

B.Toimprovetheincomeoflocalresidents.

C.Topromotethewell-beingofmarinewildlife.

D.Tospreadtraditionalcommunityfishingmethods.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Theeffortstopreservemarineecosystem.

B.Theaimofthechangestofishingmethods.

C.Theresultsthetrawlnetshavebroughtabout.

D.Theimpactoffishersonthelocalenvironment.11.WhatisJulioCuestas'sattitudetowardsAcandi'sfuture？______A.Uncaring. B.Confident. C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.DLossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia（痴呆），accordingtoanewstudy.

"Wefoundthatagingwasassociatedwithadeclineintheamountofthedeepeststagesofsleep，knownasslow-wavesleep.Wethenfoundthatpeoplewithgreaterdeclinesinslow-wavesleepovertimehadahigherriskofgettingdementiaoverthenext17yearsoffollow-up，"saidMatthewPase，seniorauthorofthestudy.

Slow-wavesleepisthethirdandfourthstagesofsleep，whichisimportantforbrainhealth.Duringthisstage，thebodyremovesunwantedorharmfulmaterialsfromthebrain."Forthebrain，thisdeepsleepisthoughttobethemostrestorative，"saidDrRichardIsaacson，whowasn'tinvolvedinthestudy.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherchronic（慢性的）reductionsinslow-wavesleepovertimearelinkedtodementiariskinhumansandwhetherdementia-relatedprocessesinthebrainmaycontributetogettinglessofthistypeofsleep.Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies-onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001-duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.Bythattime，52participantshadbeendiagnosedwithdementia.Eachpercentagedecreaseinslow-wavesleepperyearwaslinkedtoa27percentincreasedriskofdevelopingdementia.Therateofslow-wavesleeplossaccelerated（加速）fromage60，peakedfromages75to80andslowedafterwards.

"Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson'sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia，"Isaacsonsaid."It'simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight，butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible."12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy？______A.Theolderyouare，thelesssleepyouwillhave.

B.Slow-wavesleephasbeenlinkedtotheriskofdementia.

C.Therateofslow-wavesleeplosskeepsgoingupwithage.

D.Theamountofsleephasanimpactontheriskofdementia.13.Howdidresearchersgetwhattheywanted？______A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byintroducingaconcept.

C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy. D.Bymakingasurvey.14.WhatdidDrRichardIsaacsonsuggest？______A.Weshouldhaveenoughsleep.

B.Sleepqualityneedsmoreattention.

C.Theelderlyshouldsleepmorethantheyoung.

D.Theamountofsleepismoreimportantthansleepquality.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？______A.Health. B.Sports. C.Education. D.Environment.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Dustingisparticularlyannoying.Nearlytwo-thirdsofhouseholddustcontentcomesfromtheoutdoors，someofwhichmaycontainharmfulchemicals.So，keepingyourhomeasdust-freeaspossibleisimportanttoimproveoverallhealth.（1）______？

Ingeneral，youshoulddustyourhome'smostexposedsurfacesonaweeklybasis.Thismeansitemssuchastables，shelves，beds，dressers，counter-topsandwindows.（2）______.Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.

Changeyourbedsheetsweekly，asdustmites（螨）especiallylovebedding.（3）______.Everythreetosixmonths，cleanbehindandunderfurniture，andwashyourbedding.

Sincesomuchdustcomesinfromtheoutdoors，youcancutdownontheamountgatheringinyourhomebykeepingdoorsandwindowsclosedasoftenaspossible，andplacingcarpetsonbothsidesofdoors.（4）______，changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes.

Getridofoddsandends，whichcaneasilyattractdust，andbecarefulhowyouhandleclothes.Sinceclothesbothcollectsdustandsheds（掉落）fibers，regularlywashanyclothesordon'tthrowclothingontheground.

Whenyou'regettingreadytocleanaroom，alwaysworkfromthetopdown.（5）______，thedustonthehighestsurfaceswilldriftdowntoeverythingyou'vejustcleaned.

A.Ifyoudustfromthebottomup

B.Howcanwekeepthehomedust-free

C.Whyshouldwekeepthehomedust-free

D.Youcanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehome

E.Youcanbuysomenewshoesbeforeyoureturnhome

F.Don'tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaround

G.Itemsthatdon'tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.However，unfortunately，noteveryonehas（1）______tofreshfoods，（2）______thoseinpoorcommunities.

AteenagernamedLaurenSchroeder（3）______thiswhenshevolunteeredatacommunityfoodnonprofit.Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes，ratherthanstraightfromthefields.（4）______tomakeachange，Laurensetouttogrowproducesoshecoulddonateitto（5）______families.

"Iwantedpeopletogetthenutritiontheyneededfromfreshvegetables，"Laurensaid.This（6）______hertostartagardenonherparents'farm.Whilehermomwassupportive，shemadeher（7）______ofhowmuchworkitwouldtake一still，theteenager（8）______thechallenge.

Tokick-startherproject，Laurengoteconomic（9）______fromtheNationalFFAOrganization，which（10）______agriculturaleducation，topayforseedsandgardeningsupplies.Then，the（11）______workbegan.SincethesummersinIowaareveryhotanddry，shehadtowaterthemdaily、Laurenadded，"Ididalotofresearchonlineandeveryday，ittookabouttwoorthreehours."

Butallherefforts（12）______.Herfirstharvestresultedin40poundsofproduce."Itwasreallygoodtoknowthatanyonewhowantedfreshvegetableswouldbeabletogetthe（13）______，"Laurensaid。"IknewthatIwantedtokeepgoing."

Sofar，shehasspentover1，000hoursworkinginthegarden，producing7，000poundsofvegetables."Iwantto（14）______communitymembers.Itmakesa（n）（15）______whenyouhelpotherpeopleout.That'swhatmakesmehappiest，"Laurensaid.21.A.invitation B.access C.admission D.ticket22.A.especially B.actually C.obviously D.extremely23.A.confirmed B.appreciated C.recognized D.identified24.A.Arranging B.Determining C.Struggling D.Pretending25.A.musical B.familiar C.unique D.low-income26.A.recommended B.reminded C.inspired D.requested27.A.aware B.confident C.certain D.free28.A.tookup B.lookedinto C.appliedfor D.wentover29.A.guidance B.support C.pressure D.benefit30.A.organizes B.expects C.promotes D.demands31.A.amazing B.specific C.professional D.tough32.A.workedout B.paidoff C.brokeoff D.woreout33.A.reward B.rescue C.honour D.donation34.A.impact B.impress C.challenge D.observe35.A.discovery B.profit C.difference D.intention四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.Accordingtolegend，theYellowRiverfloodedduringtheperiodofEmperorYao，andthepeople（1）______（force）toleavetheirvillages，andwenttoliveintreesoronmountaintops.Theflood（2）______（bring）greatmisfortunetothepeople.SoYaoassigned（指派）Guntoregulateit.Gunwantedtocutoffthefloodwithstones（3）______failed.Then，ShunassignedYu，Gun'sson，tocontinuethework.Havinglearned（4）______（he）father'slesson，Yudredged（疏浚）newriver（5）______（channel）asoutlets，guidingwaterintoriverandriverintosea.Daybyday，yearbyyear，Yuspentthirteenyears（6）______（govern）thefloodwithoutabreak.Itwassaidthatduringthethirteenyears，hepassedhishomethreetimes，butdidnotenter（7）______histaskwascompleted.Hiseffortsnotonlysolvedthefloodproblem，butcontributedtothe（8）______（develop）ofagriculture.

Inthefaceofdifficulties，weshouldhavethewisdom（9）______（overcome）difficultiesandthespiritofpublicselflessness.Wealsoneedpowerfulspiritandstrongfaith，only（10）______thatwaycanweworktogethertodealwithavarietyofdifficulties.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.假定你是李华，你寒假准备去英国旅行。请给你的英国朋友Andy写封邮件，向他咨询旅行计划，内容包括：

（1）写信目的；

（2）咨询的内容（旅行目的地、旅行最佳时间等）；

（3）表达期待。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearAndy，

Yours，LiHua38.Mr.BarneswasaverywealthymanwholivedintheearlydaysintheUnitedStates.Itwasoneofhischiefpleasurestowalkthroughthecountrysidenearhishome，andashewalked，heoftennoticedaparticularlyfinegroupofcattle.Onedayhestoppedtovisittherancher（牧场主）whoownedthecattleandpurchasedacowfromhimwiththeagreementthatthecowwouldbedeliveredtohishousethefollowingday.

ThenextdayasMr.Barneswasoutforhismorningwalk，hesawayoungboytryinghishardesttoleadthecowovertoMr.Barnes'field.Theboy，whodidnotknowMr.Barnes，calledtohim，"Pleasesir，wouldyoucomeandhelpmewiththiscow？Itissostubborn!"

Mr.Barnesreadilyagreedandwentovertohelp.Astheywalkedalongtogether，heaskedtheboy，"Howmuchdoyouexpecttogetfordeliveringthecow？"

"I..Idon'tknow，"theboysaid，"butIthinkI'llgetsomethingbecausethepeoplewhoarebuyingthecowliveinthathouse，andthosepeopleareverykindtoeveryone."

Bynowthestubborncowwaswalkingalongnicely，soMr.Barnesexcusedhimselfandtookapaththroughawoodedareathatledtohisbackdoor.Assoonashegotintothehouse，hegaveoneofhistrustedworkersafifty-dollarbillandtoldhimtogiveittotheboywhowasdeliveringthecow.Afterthecowhadbeenleftatthehouseandtheboywasreturningtotheranch，Mr.Barneswentoutagainandmettheboyontheroad.

"Well，howmuchdidyouget？"askedMr.Barnes.

"Fivedollars，"answeredtheboy.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Mr.Barnesfeltsurprisedwhenhearingtheanswer.

Theboyagreed，andtheywalkedbacktothehousetogether.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据CreativeInternships（实习）inAustraliawithABI|ArtBoundInitiative部分Internscanworkinexcitingoverseaslocationswhilegettingone-on-onecareercoachingfromprofessionals.（实习生可以在令人兴奋的海外地区工作，同时获得专业人士一对一的职业指导。）可知根据文章，应该去Australia获得职业指导。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据TheIrishArtsandCultureProgram|IrishGapYear部分Yourhands-onexperiencegoeshandinhandwithdaytripstogalleries，museums，andcastles，andattheend，you'llhavetheopportunitytoexhibityourworksattheLeCheileArtExpo.（您的实践经验与一日游画廊，博物馆和城堡齐头并进，最后，您将有机会在LeCheile艺术博览会上展示您的作品。）可知可以让参与者展示自己的作品爱尔兰艺术和文化项目。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据CreativeSemesterinFrance|BerridgePrograms部分Price：＄16，500（价格：16500美元）以及Duringyourtimehere，youwillworkonimprovingyourskillswhichwillendwithafeaturefilmorcreativeperformance.（在此期间，你将努力提高你的技能，并以一部故事片或创意表演结束。）可知一个艺术家应该花16500美元来提高他的表演技巧。故选C。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2024年四个海外艺术学习项目的相关信息。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】A、C、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Lotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports，butJosephD'AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs（许多孩子喜欢谈论体育，但约瑟夫•达维罗谈论体育就像一个专业主持人在一个名为"滑块与曲线球"的节目中一样）可知约瑟夫的节目是关于一些体育脱口秀的。故答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段TheD'AvirrosstartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied，whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.（在迈克的两个前大学室友去世后，D'avirros夫妇开始了广播，这使迈克想花更多的时间陪伴他的儿子。）可知他的大学室友的死启发了迈克和他的儿子一起开始了这个节目。故答案为C。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork，butJosephsaysitis"alotmorefunthanhomework".（约瑟夫一遍又一遍地阅读他的问题，以便把它们记在脑子里。虽然工作量很大，但约瑟夫说这"比家庭作业有趣多了"。）可知约瑟夫认为记问题比做作业更有趣。故答案为C。

（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow，heanswered，"Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs."Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup-tobeasportsplayer，asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams，butJosephisalreadylivingadream：talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.（当被问及他和他的爸爸将继续做这个节目多久时，他回答说："直到我爸爸开始长白发。"约瑟夫长大后还有其他抱负——成为一名体育运动员、体育播音员或拥有一支篮球队。这些都是远大的梦想，但约瑟夫已经实现了梦想：谈论体育和与父亲共度时光。）可知本文主要讲述了九岁的JosephD'Avirro和他的父亲MikeD'Avirro一起主持名为《Sliders&Curveballs》的体育节目。因此本文的最佳标题是D.Thefather-and-sonteamhosts（父子队主持）。A.Arisingsportsbroadcaster冉冉升起的体育广播公司；B.Alongroadtogotosuccess通往成功的漫长道路；C.JosephD'Avirro'sbigdream约瑟夫•达维罗的大梦想；D.Thefather-and-sonteamhosts父子队主持。故答案为D。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了九岁的JosephD'Avirro和他的父亲MikeD'Avirro一起主持名为《Sliders&Curveballs》的体育节目。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据文章第二段第二句However，theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvesselsdecadesagograduallydepletedthearea'sfishingresources，leadingtodamagetomarinelifeseriously.（然而，几十年前引进的大型拖网渔船逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，导致对海洋生物的严重破坏。）以及划线部分前后内容可知，划线词意为"耗尽，减少"。A.Reused重复使用；B.Restored修复；C.Explored探索；D.Reduced减少。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句话However，theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvesselsdecadesagograduallydepletedthearea'sfishingresources，leadingtodamagetomarinelifeseriously.（然而，几十年前引进的大型拖网渔船逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，导致海洋生物受到严重破坏。）及第三段中JesusAntonioJulioCuestas，whoservesintheregion'sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources，stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques."Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources，"saysCuestas.（负责该地区海洋资源保护和管理的JesusAntonioJulioCuestas强调了这些发展的不良影响，并呼吁采用新的捕鱼技术。Cuestas说："只要我们有良好的管理措施和合理利用渔业资源，捕捞和保护就可以共存。"）可知，JulioCuestas之所以呼吁采用新的捕鱼技术是因为他想促进海洋野生动物的健康。故选C。

（3）段落大意题。根据第四段AlongwithCuestas，thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices，theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing."Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles，"explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.（渔民们与Cuestas一起努力减少对海洋生态系统的影响。通过改变捕鱼方法和采用新的做法，他们的目标是实现更平衡的捕鱼方式。Cuestas自豪地解释说："今年，当地渔民没有使用拖网，因为拖网会导致棱皮海龟死亡。"变化包括船只努力保护海草，海草是海洋生物的觅食地，渔民不再在海龟产卵的地方撒网。）可知，第四段主要讲的是渔民们与Cuestas为保护海洋生态系统所做的努力。故选A。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段中Bydoingso，heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers，suchasengineersorlawyers，proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandi.（通过这样做，他想象了这样一幅画面：来自渔业社区的个人可以从事各种职业，比如工程师或律师，并自豪地宣称他们是Acandi捕鱼传统的产物。）可知，JulioCuestas对Acandi这个海洋保护区的未来是充满信心的。A.Uncaring不关心的；B.Confident自信的；C.Concerned关心的；D.Doubtful怀疑的。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了渔民们与Cuestas为了平衡生计和保护Acandi这个海洋保护区生物多样性一起所做的努力。哥伦比亚最北端的海滨小镇阿坎迪，只能通过水路或空中进入，没有通往那里的道路。居民在平衡生计和保护生物多样性方面面临挑战。过去，传统的社区捕鱼方法注重合理捕捞和资源管理，但几十年前大规模拖网船的引入逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，严重破坏了海洋生态。胡利奥•库埃斯等人积极监测阿坎迪的捕鱼活动，改变捕鱼方法，努力实现更加平衡的捕捞方式。他们重视与当地居民合作，改善生活质量的同时保护海洋生态系统。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。12~15.【答案】B、D、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia（痴呆），accordingtoanewstudy.（一项新的研究表明，随着年龄的增长，慢波睡眠的丧失可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。）可知，低波睡眠与患痴呆症的风险有关。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies-onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001-duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.（他们研究了346名平均年龄69岁的人，完成了两项夜间睡眠研究，一项是1995年至1998年，另一项是1998年至2001年，期间对他们的睡眠进行了监测。研究人员还调查了参与者在完成睡眠研究17年后，慢波睡眠量的任何变化是否与患痴呆症有关。）可知，研究人员通过调查得到的结果。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Isaacsonsaid."It'simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight，butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible."（艾萨克森说："重要的是，不仅要注意一个人每晚的睡眠总量，还要尽可能地监测睡眠质量。"）可知，RichardIsaacson博士建议更多地关注睡眠质量。故选B。

（4）文章出处题。根据对全文的理解，新研究表明，随着年龄的增长，慢波睡眠的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三和第四阶段，对大脑健康至关重要，有助于清除大脑中的有害物质。可知，本文介绍的是睡眠和患痴呆症的影响。与健康有关。故选A。

新研究表明，随着年龄的增长，慢波睡眠的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三和第四阶段，对大脑健康至关重要，有助于清除大脑中的有害物质。研究人员对346名平均年龄为69岁的人进行了两次夜间睡眠研究，监测他们的睡眠情况，并发现慢波睡眠减少的人在随后的17年里患痴呆症的风险更高。每年慢波睡眠减少的百分比与患痴呆症风险增加27%相关。研究还发现，从60岁开始慢波睡眠的减少速度加快，在75至80岁之间达到峰值，之后减慢。专家强调，除了关注每晚睡眠总量外，监测睡眠质量也非常重要。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。16~20.【答案】B、F、G、D、A【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文Ingeneral，youshoulddustyourhome'smostexposedsurfacesonaweeklybasis.（一般来说，你应该每周对家里最暴露的表面进行除尘。）和Changeyourbedsheetsweekly，asdustmites（螨）especiallylovebedding（每周更换床单，因为尘螨特别喜欢床上用品）可知下面讲述的是保持家里无尘的方法。因此B.Howcanwekeepthehomedust-free（我们怎样才能保持家里无尘呢）符合语境。故选B。

（2）联系下文题。根据下文Usemicrofiberornatural-fiberclothsthatwillpickupthedust.（使用超细纤维或天然纤维布来吸尘。）可知本段主要讲述了应该用什么工具除尘。因此F.Don'tusefeatherdustersthatsimplypushthedustaround（不要使用只会推动灰尘的鸡毛掸子）符合语境。故选F。

（3）联系上文题。根据上文Changeyourbedsheetsweekly，asdustmites（螨）especiallylovebedding（每周更换床单，因为尘螨特别喜欢床上用品）可知要根据物品的不同来规定除尘的时间。因此G.Itemsthatdon'tcollectdusteasilycangoamonthwithoutcleaning（不容易积灰的物品可以一个月不清洗）符合语境。故选G。

（4）联系下文题。根据下文changingthemforapairofslippersorprivatehouseshoes（把它们换成一双拖鞋或私房鞋）可知本空的意思是"回家后把鞋脱掉"。因此D.Youcanremoveyourshoeswhenyoucomehome（你回家时可以脱掉鞋子）符合语境。故选D。

（5）语境衔接题。根据上文Whenyou'regettingreadytocleanaroom，alwaysworkfromthetopdown（当你准备打扫房间时，一定要从上往下打扫）和下文thedustonthehighestsurfaceswilldriftdowntoeverythingyou'vejustcleaned.（最高表面上的灰尘会飘落到你刚刚清洁过的所有物品上。）可知你不应该从下往上掸灰尘。因此A.Ifyoudustfromthebottomup（如果你从下往上掸灰尘）符合语境。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了保持家里无尘的方法。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。21~35.【答案】B、A、C、B、D、C、A、A、B、C、B、B、D、A、C【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.invitation邀请；B.access通道，机会；C.admission录用；D.ticket票。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。根据上句Everyonedeserveshealthymeals.（每个人都值得健康饮食。）和However表示转折，可知并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，accessto有机会获得。故答案为B。

（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.especially尤其；B.actually事实上；C.obviously明显地；D.extremely极其。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。根据空后thoseinpoorcommunities可知不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。故答案为A。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.confirmed确认；B.appreciated欣赏；C.recognized认识；D.identified确认。句意：一位名叫劳伦•施罗德的青少年在一家社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时认识到了这一点。根据下句Allvegetablesforfamiliesinneedcameincansandboxes，ratherthanstraightfromthefields可知所有供有需要的家庭食用的蔬菜都是罐装或盒装的，而不是直接从地里运来的。说明劳伦•施罗德在一家社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时认识到了这一点。故答案为C。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.Arranging安排；B.Determining决定；C.Struggling奋斗；D.Pretending假装。句意：劳伦决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。根据下句Laurensetouttogrowproducesoshecoulddonateitto（5）families可知劳伦开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。说明她决心做出改变，故答案为B。

（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.musical音乐的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.unique独特的；D.low-income低收入的。句意：劳伦决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。根据前文However，unfortunately，noteveryonehas（1）tofreshfoods，（2）thoseinpoorcommunities可知然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。说明劳伦开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。故答案为D。

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.recommended推荐；B.reminded提醒；C.inspired激励，激发；D.requested要求。句意：这激发了她在父母的农场上开辟花园的灵感。根据空后hertostartagardenonherparents'farm可知这激发了她在父母的农场上开辟花园的灵感。故答案为C。

（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.aware意识到的；B.confident自信的；C.certain一定的；D.free自由的。句意：虽然她妈妈支持她，但她让她意识到需要做多少工作尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。根据下句still，theteenager（8）thechallenge可知尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。说明她意识到了需要做多少工作。故答案为A。