专题05 科技与网红-中考英语时文阅读专项训练

中考英语热点时文阅读专题05科技与网红姓名：_________班级：_________学号：_________文章导读阅读理解A篇：使用中国流行文化如抖音，古装剧更有效地传播中华文化，唤醒更多年轻基因。B篇：挪威剧作家约翰·福瑟获2023年诺贝尔文学奖．C篇：神舟十七载最年轻乘组出征太空：航天员需要经历哪些考验？D篇：人类向太空进军的同时也在向地球深部进军，攀登“地下珠峰”！E篇：给“网红”立规矩，法国出台新法案。F篇：中国作家海涯再获雨果奖。语法填空：中国智慧：敏于事,慎于言。A阅读理解FolkeBorgstrom,a18-year-oldfromSweden,boughtajade(玉)necklaceinBeijing．HecametoChinatotakepartinthe16th“ChineseBridge”ChineseProficiencyCompetitionforForeignSecondarySchoolStudentsinBeijingandYunnanfromOct16toOct30．BorgstromknewaboutjadefromaChinesecostumedrama．“Amaincharacterlookssonoble(高贵的)andcoolwithjade,”Borgstromsaid．Afterdoingsomeonlineresearchonjade,hefoundoutthatit’shighlyvaluedinChineseculture．“Asasymbolofvirtue,jadeisbelievedtohavethepowertobringgoodfortune,”Borgstromadded．HebecamefascinatedwithChineseculturethroughthewindowofChinesecostumedrama．WhenitcomestopromotingChinesecultureinternationally,weoftenthinkoftraditionalways,likesettingupculturalexchangeprograms．However,Chinesepopculture,suchasChinesecostumedrama,hasbecomeagrowingvehicleforculturaltransmission．ChulkyuLeefromSouthKorea,16,likestobrowseTikTokforshortvideosfeaturingChinesepopculture．Recently,heputtheChineseTikTokhitpopmusictrackMySurnameisShi(《我姓石》)onrepeat．“ThroughTikTok,I’vealsoseenmanyreal-lifemomentsrecordedbyordinaryChinesepeople,whichletsmeknowmoreaboutthedailylivesofChinesepeopleandtherealChina,”saidLee．

YangYao,aprogramdesignerwhohasworkedininternationalbroadcastingforeightyearswithYunnanMediaGroup,believesthatmorecreativewaysforspreadingChinesecultureshouldbeadopted．HetakesJapanandSouthKoreaasexamplesofthis．“YoumaynotknowthemeaningofJapanesesamurai(武士),butanime(日本动漫)letsyougraduallyacceptconceptslikeninjas(忍者)inJapaneseculture．YoumaynotspecializeinthehistoryoftheGoryeoDynasty(918-1392,高丽王朝),butthroughSouthKoreandramas,youcometounderstanditscuisinelikekimchi(韩国泡菜),”saidYang．China’sculturecangoabroadinthesimilarway,saidYang．1．WhydoesthewriteruseBorgstrom’sstory?A．Toshowtheimportanceofthe“ChineseBridge”program．B．TosuggestsomegoodChineseTVseries．C．Tointroduceasmartwayofculturalpromotion．D．TotalkabouttheculturalmeaningofChinesejade．2．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．HowtolearnaboutChinesepeople’sdailylives．B．WhatChulkyuLeethinksofthereallivesofChinesepeople．C．TheChineseappsChulkyuLeeoftenuses．D．TheroleofshortTikTokvideosinculturalexchange．3．HowdoeswatchingshortvideosrecordedbyordinaryChinesepeopleinfluenceChulkyuLee?A．ItdeepenshisunderstandingofChina．B．ItraiseshisinterestinlearningChinese．C．ItleadshimtoexploreChinesemusic．D．Itprovidesanescapefromhisboringlife．4．WhydoesYangYaomentionJapaneseanimeandSouthKoreandramas?A．Tocomparedifferentformsofculturalmedia．B．Tostresstheimportanceofculturalexchange．C．TosuggestcreativewaystopromoteChineseculture．D．ToshowthepopularityofJapaneseandSouthKoreanculture．5．Inthepassage,howdoesthewritermainlygiveinformation?A．Byusingfamouspeople’ssayings．B．Bygivingexamples．C．Bysharingtheirpersonalfeelings．D．Bycomparingonethingwithanother．B阅读理解TheNorwegiannovelist,poetandplaywrightJonFossewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureonOct5,“forhisinnovativeplaysandprose(散文)whichgivevoicetotheunsayable,”inthewordsoftheprizecommittee．Bornin1959inHaugesund,FossegrewuponasmallfarminwesternNorway．Hestartedwritingpoemsandstoriesattheageof12．Butitwashisplaysthatmadehimfamous．Now,his40-someplayshavebeenpublished．Unlikemanytraditionalplaysthatfocusonplots,charactersandconflicts,Fosse’sworksinsteadshow“tensionofemotions”,notedThePaper．Tocreatesuchanatmosphere(氛围),thelanguageFosseusesisuniqueandminimalistic．ThechairmanoftheNobelliteraturecommitteepraised“Fosse’ssensitivelanguage,whichprobes(探索)thelimitsofwords”．Throughhisworks,Fossecarefullyexploresdeepthemeslikeaging,love,deathandart．Forexample,hisfirstplaySomeoneIsGoingtoCome(《有人将至》)tellsthestoryofamanandawomanwhoseeksolitude(独处)

inaremoteseasidehomewhilethenovelMorningandEvening(《日与夜》)tracesacharacter’slifefrombirthtodeath．Whenaskedwhatheaimstoconveytoreadersthroughhiswriting,Fossesaidhehopestoshowafeelingofserenity(宁静)．“Ihopetheycanfindakindofpeacein,orfrom,mywriting,”hesaidinastatementsentthroughhisNorwegianpublisher．Fosse’suniquestylehashelpedhimwinmanyprizesandinternationalrecognition(认可)．In2010,FossewontheInternationalIbsenAward．Theprizecommitteecommented,“Likeallimportantwritersofdrama,Fosseforcesthetheateranditsaudiencestothinkinnewways．Heisthepoetoftheunknown．”１．WhatwasJonFosseawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturefor?A．HiscontributionstopoetryB．HisfocusontraditionalplaysC．Hisinnovativeplaysandprose．D．Hisuniqueuseoflanguageinproseonly２．HowisFosse’splaywritingstyledifferentfromtraditionalplays?A．Theyexploreuniquethemes．B．Theyhavemanyupsanddowns．C．Theyfeaturedirectandsimplelanguage．D．Theyfocusonemotionalstruggles．３．WhichofthefollowingthemesisNOTaddressedinFosse’sworksmentionedinthearticle?A．LoveB．AdventureC．AgingD．Death４．InFosse’splaySomeoneIsGoingtoCome,whatdothemaincharactersseek?A．FameandsuccessB．AdventureandexcitementC．SolitudeinaremoteseasidehomeD．Escapefromadangeroussituation５．WhatdoesFossehopehisworkscanbringtoreaders?A．Apositiveattitude．B．Asenseofcalm．C．Anexplorationofhistory．D．Reflectionsondeath．C阅读理解Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversaryofChina’sfirstmannedspacemission,withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace．Sincethen,another17astronautshavereachedforthestars．Theselectionofthefourthgenerationofastronautsbeganin2022andisnowinfullswing．Expertsrevealedhowtough(困难的)thetrainingisbeforeastronautscansoar(高飞)tospace．Thehumanbodyisnotdesignedforspacelife．Astronautsareconfronted(面对)withmultiplechallengesonaspacemission．Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies．Thesensationofisolationandconfinement(封闭)livinginasmallspacecraftformonthscanimpair(损害)theirmentalhealth．Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure．Soit’snowonderthatastronautshavetomeetextremelyhighstandardsandgothroughatoughtrainingprogram．TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirmissionsandreturntoEarthsafely,“Eighttypes,includingover200subjectsoftraining,wereset,”HuangWeifen,chiefdesigneroftheastronautsystemforChina’smannedspaceproject,toldCCTVNews．Apartfromphysicalfitnesstraining,italsoencompasses(包含)basicscientifictheories,psychologicalhealth,andmock(模拟)missions．Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining．Thistrainingisdesignedforastronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentinspace．AccordingtoHuang,astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursatatime．Waterresistance(阻力)andtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting．“NieHaisheng(oneoftheastronauts)oncereportedatwo-kilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwatertrainingexercise,”saidHuang．Eachastronautreceivestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforehavingthechancetogotospace．

1．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．Highstandardsastronautsneedtomeet．B．Healthproblemscausedbymicrogravity．C．Requirementsofthetoughastronauttraining．D．Differentchallengesastronautsfaceinspace．2．HowmanytrainingsubjectsareincludedintheChineseastronautprogram?A．8．B．17．C．About100．D．Over200．3．Whichtrainingsubjectisthemostphysicallydemandingforitsparticipants,accordingtothearticle?A．Mockmissions．B．Underwatertraining．C．Physicalfitnesstraining．D．Scientifictheorylearning．

4．WhydidHuangmentionNieHaisheng’stwo-kilogramweightloss?

A．Tostresshowchallengingthetrainingis．B．TodescribeNie’spersonalachievements．C．Tointroducetheweightlimitforastronauts．D．Toexplaintheimportanceofpropertraining．D阅读理解Whileastronautsareflyinghightostudyspace,scientistsarediggingdeeptostudythecenterofEarth!

EarlierinMay,Chinastarteddrilling(钻)itsfirstover10,000-meter-deepborehole(钻井)inXinjiang．ByOct1,theholewasalready7,856metersdeep,reportedXinjiangDaily．

Theboreholehasaplanneddepth(深度)of11,100meters．Itwilltake457daystodig,saidBloombergNews．Whenit’sfinished,itwillbecomethedeepestholeeverduginChinaandoneofthedeepestintheworld．

Thedrillwillgothroughmorethantenlayers(层)ofrock．Theoldestlayerisabout145millionyearsold．

TheEarthhaslotsofheatinside．Soasthedrillgoesdeeper,itfaceshotterandhottertemperatures．Themetaldrillcouldgetsohotthatitwouldbecomeassoftasnoodles．Thecompany(公司)doingtheproject,ChinaNationalPetroleumCorp,dealtwiththisproblembyusinghigh-tech(高科技)tools,suchasheat-resistant(耐热的)drills．

AccordingtoXinhuaNews,whiletestingdrillingtechnologies,theholewillalsogiveususefulinformationaboutEarth’sinternalstructure(内部结构)．

Theholeisbeingduginanarearichinoil．Theoilcouldbeusedtoheatbuildingsandmakefuel(燃料)forcarsandplanes．

It’simportanttolookdeepintoEarthbecauseitcouldhelpinfindingenergyresources(能源资源)．Itcouldalsohelpscientistsstudytherisksofnaturaldisasters(灾害),suchasearthquakesandvolcaniceruptions(火山爆发)．Couldtheydrillallthewaythrough?WhilesomepeoplejokeaboutdiggingfromChinatoAustraliaontheothersideoftheworld,weknowthisisnotpossible．

Earthismadeofthreemainlayers:thecore(地核),themantle(地幔)andthecrust(地壳)．

Thecrustistheouterlayerorthe“skin”(皮肤)oftheplanet．Itisabout40kilometersdeep,meaninga10-kilometer-deepholewillgothroughonlyone-quarterofthecrust．

Theworld’sdeepestman-madehole,theKolaSuperdeepBorehole,isinRussia．Completedin1989after20yearsofdigging,itis12,262metersdeep．Peoplestoppeddiggingwhentheheatandpressuremadedrillingreallydifficult．Theholekeptcollapsing(坍塌)asthehotrockbecametoospongy(松软的)．1．Whatistrueaccordingtothescientists’plansfortheborehole?A．Itwillbethedeepestholeintheworld．B．ItissomewhereintheeastofChina．

C．Itwillendupbeing7,856metersdeep．D．Itwilltakemorethanayeartofinish．2．Howdoesthecompanydealwiththehightemperatureunderground?A．Bymakingnoodle-shapeddrills．

B．Bycoolingtherockquickly．C．Byusingsoftmetaldrills．D．Byusinghigh-techdrills．3．Howcouldtheholehelppeople?A．Itcouldwarmpeopleup．B．Itcouldhelpusfindenergy．C．Itcouldhelpustellthetimeofearthquakes．D．Itcouldgivepeoplealivingplaceindisasters．4．Whatisthestorymainlyabout?A．Whatundergroundrocksarelike．

B．TheinsideofEarth．

C．Newdrillsfordrillingahole．

D．China’sdeepboreholeprogram．E阅读理解Inrecentyears,peoplehavestartedtofollowinfluencers(网红)whenitcomestoshoppingonline．However,theseinfluencersmayonlybeinterestedinsellingcertainproductstogetmoneyinsteadofsharingtheirtrueopinions．FrancetookactiononthisinJune．ItisthefirstEuropeancountrytoregulate(监管)socialmediainfluencers．Thecountrypassedanewlaw(法律)ononlineactivitiesofsellingproductsandservices．About150,000influencersinFrancemustfollowit．Underthenewlaw,influencerscan’tinvitetheirviewerstotakepartinbetting(赌博)

games,suchasforsportsmatches．Cigarettes

(烟)andalcohol(酒)can’tbesoldonline．Asformakeup(化妆品),influencerscanuseafilter(滤镜)tomaketheproductslookbetteronlyiftheylettheaudienceknow．Ifinfluencersbreakthelaw,theycanendupinprison(监狱)foruptotwoyears．Theymayalsofaceafine(罚款)ofupto300,000euros(about2,300,000yuan)．Severalinfluencershavebeen“caughtintheact”．Forexample,influencerPoupetteKenzawasfined50,000eurosforsellingakindoftoothpaste．Sheposteddailylifevideosonsocialmediawithoutclearlytellingtheviewersthatshewaspromoting(推销)theproduct．InSeptember,Franceputouttraininglessonsforinfluencerswhosellfinanceproducts(金融产品)．Afterfinishingthelessons,theinfluencersneedtotakeatestandansweratleast75percentofthequestionscorrectly．Thisway,influencerswillhavemorefinancialknowledgeandbetterknowtheirproductssothattheywon’tmisleadtheircustomers．Therewas“aclearunderstanding”oftheneedtoregulateinfluencers,FrenchlawmakerStephaneVojettatoldABCNews．Thenewmoveswill“protect”internetusers,“especiallytheyoungerones,”saidVojetta．

1．Whichinfluencerbreaksthenewlaw?A．Someonewhosellsconcertticketsonline．B．Someonewhosellsmakeuponline．

C．Someonewhosellscigarettesonline．D．Someonewhousesafilterintheironlinevideos．

2．WhatwasPoupetteKenzafinedfor?A．Sellingtoothpaste．B．Hidingtoothpastepromotioninhervideos．C．Notintroducingherproductsclearly．D．Sellingtoothpasteproductsatahighprice．3．Throughthetraininglessons,influencersareexpectedto_____．A．bemoreprofessionalabouttheirproductsB．sharetheirtrueopinionsabouttheproductsC．helppeoplemakemoremoneythroughtheirproductsD．clearlytelltheviewerstheirpromotionofproducts4．WhywasthelawpassedaccordingtoVojetta?A．Tohaveabetterunderstandingofinfluencers．B．Toguidepeopletotellthegoodfromthebad．C．Tostopinfluencersfrommakingmoneytooeasily．D．Toprotectinternetusersfrombeingmisled．F，阅读理解ChinesewriterHaiYa’sTheSpace-TimePainter(《时空画师》)wontheHugoAward(雨果奖)forBestNovelette(最佳短中篇小说)onOct21．HebecamethethirdChinesewritertowinaHugoawardafterLiuCixinin2015andHaoJingfangin2016．WhencreatingTheSpace-TimePainter,HaiYadrewhisideafromafamouspainting,APanoramaofRiversandMountains(《千里江山图》)．ItisbyWangXimengfromtheSongDynasty(960-1279)．BasedonWang,HaicreatedapainternamedZhaoXimeng．Aftermanyhardtimes,Zhao’smindleaveshisbodyandentersaspacewhereamodernpolicemanistryingtosolveacase(案件)aboutanancientpainting．HaiYa’sstorywithsciencefictionbeganinhischildhood．“WhenIwasachild,thebookstoreinmyhometownhelpedcreateabeautifulgardeninmymindthatbelongedtomeonly．Init,sciencefictionofferedthemostbeautiful‘flowers’,”HaiYatoldBeijingYouthDaily．Headdedthatsciencefictionopenedanewworldforhimasakid．HaiYa’sworksfeatureamixofhistoryandsciencefiction．Thesetwostylesseemopposite:Onelooksbackatthepast,andtheotherfacesthefuture．However,inHaiYa’sworks,theyfindaperfectbalance．“Ifwecanonlyimaginethefutureandthingsinspacelikerockets,itwillonlylimitourimagination,”HaiYatoldShenzhenSpecialZoneDaily．“Idon’tthinkhistoryissomethingcompletelyinthepast．Itisflowing(流动的),andwecanmakepredictionsaboutthefuturebylookingbackathistory．Historyisalsopartofourfuture,”headded．MoreChinesewriterstodayaretryingtomixtraditionalculturewithmodernstories．HaiYabelievesthatitisnotachoicebutanaturalprocess．“Ourhistoryandculturehaveuniversalvalues(普世价值)thatcantoucheveryone,”hesaidtoXinhua．

“Sci-fiisbuiltuponasenseofwonderandestrangement(疏离)fromscience．Sci-fiwritersaretryingtoattractreadersnotbyrelyingon(依赖)thewonderofscience,butbyusingdifferentskillsand．．．thepotentialtoreflect(反映)reality．”1．WhatdoweknowaboutTheSpace-TimePainter?A．Itsstoryisbasedonthefarawayfuture．B．ItisahistoricalnovelabouttheSongDynasty．C．Itisinspiredbyanancientpainting．D．IttellsWangXimeng’slifestory．2．Howdidsci-fiinfluenceHaiYaasachild?A．Itenrichedhismind．B．Itinspiredhimtocombinehistorywithsci-fi．C．IttaughthimalotaboutChinesehistory．D．Itgavehimnewwaystowritenovels．

3．WhydidHaiYacombinehistorywithsci-fi?A．Toremindpeopleoftheflowoftime．B．Toinspirereaderstolearnfromhistory．C．Tocomparehistorywithmodernlife．D．Tofindabalancebetweenhistoryandreality．4．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Chinesevaluesareacceptedglobally．B．ThepopularityofChinesesci-fiisgrowing．C．MoreandmoreChinesewritersarewritingsci-fiworks．D．Chinesehistoryandcultureisdrawingwriters’attention．语法填空Ifapersonwantstobeagentleman(君子),heshouldpayattentiontowhathedoesandsays．Thenwhataretherulesforagentlemanonwordsandactions?Let’sfindouttheanswersfromConfucius,oneofthegreatest____1______(teacher)inancientChina．子曰：“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。”–《论语》Confuciussaid:“Ifagentleman,notcaringforfoodorhousing,isdiligentwithwhathedoes,carefulwithwhathesaysandrectifieshimselfwithaworthy,hecanberegardedasagoodlearner．”

–TheAnalectsofConfuciusIntheWest,peoplepaytoomuchattentionto_____2_____(be)eloquent(能言善辩的)．Theybelievethathowsomeonesayssomethingis_____3_________(important)thanwhatissaid．However,Confuciusdidn’tthinkso．Hebelievedthatgentlemenshouldchoosetheirwords______4_____(care),evenifthatmaymakepeoplefeel_____5_____(bore)．

Confuciushadsuchbeliefs______6______(连词)hethoughtthatwordsareimportantandthattheyshouldfollowafteretiquette

(规矩)．Buthealsoputforwardhisideaofwhatgentlemenshoulddo:workhard．Hesaidthatgentlemenshouldnotbelazyandneedtofocus______7_____(介词)theirworktoimprove______8_____(they)．Theserulesforgentlemen’swordsandactions______9________(influence)Chinesepeopleforalongtime．Today,manyChinesepeoplestillprefertohaveapracticalspiritratherthansayingbeautifulwords．Ofcourse,asculturehasdevelopedovertime,weshouldalsoviewhiswordscritically(批判性地)．______10_______(choose)ourwordsandactionsaccordingtothesituationisalsoaformofwisdom．

参考答案A阅读理解【答案】CDACB【解析】这篇文章的主要主题是使用中国流行文化来推广和传播中国文化。一种被忽视但是有效的推广中国文化的方式就是使用中国的流行文化，比如古装剧和抖音短视频。这些方式通过观看剧集和短视频提供了对中国历史和现代生活的独特视角，从而吸引了全球观众的兴趣，深入了解和欣赏中国文化。作者还提到，就像日本怎样通过动漫以及韩国通过电视剧推广他们的文化，中国同样可以借鉴这些方法来在全球范围内推广和传播中国文化。1．C作者通过FolkeBorgstrom的故事表明，中国传统剧是一种有效地推广中国文化的方式。2．D第四段主要讨论了短版抖音视频在文化交流中的作用，比如让ChulkyuLee更了解了中国人的日常生活和中国文化。3．A通过观看普通中国人录制的短视频，这使ChulkyuLee对中国有了更深入的了解。4．CYangYao提到日本动漫和韩国电视剧是为了提出一种创新的方式来推广中国文化，就像日本和韩国文化通过这些方式走向世界一样。5．B作者在文章中主要通过给出实例来提供信息，例如FolkeBorgstrom的故事以及ChulkyuLee的抖音经历。B阅读理解【答案】CDBCB【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了挪威小说家、诗人和剧作家JonFosse获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息。文章介绍了Fosse的成长背景以及他的创作风格。Fosse的作品以独特和极简主义语言表达情感紧张，强调注重主题探讨，如衰老、爱情、死亡和艺术等。诺贝尔文学委员会主席对Fosse敏锐的语言给予了高度评价。此外，Fosse表示希望他的写作能为读者带来一种宁静的感觉。Fosse的独特风格和作品为他赢得了许多奖项和国际认可。１．C根据文章第一段的描述，JonFosse因他的具有创新性的戏剧和散文而荣获诺贝尔文学奖。２．D文章第三段指出，与许多关注情节、角色和冲突的传统剧本不同，Fosse的作品反而展示了“情感紧张”。故答案选D３．B在文章中提到的Fosse的作品中，涉及到如下主题：衰老、爱情、死亡和艺术。但未提及冒险这一主题。４．C根据文章第五段，Fosse的第一