苏州市1英语阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练（9）（答案及解析）

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精苏州市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练（9）（答案及解析)。阅读理解AWords:364难度系数：★★★建议用时：8分钟MarkTwainwasafamousAmericanwriter.Hewrotemanystoriesandmanyofthemwereveryfunny.Thesestoriesarestillreadbymanypeopleallovertheworld。Besideswriting,healsolikedhuntingandfishingverymuch，sooneyearhewenttoMaine(缅因州)foraholidayandspentthreeverypleasantweeksinthewoodsthere.Whenhehadtogobackhome，hewenttothestationwithhisbaggage。Thereheaskedaporter(搬运工)toputitintothetrain.Thenhegotintothesmokingcarandsatdowninoneofthecomfortableseatsthere.Thecarwasemptywhenhegotin，butafewminuteslater，anothermangotinandsatdownontheseatoppositehis.MarkTwainlookedatthemanandthoughtthatthismanlookedquiteunpleasant。However，itwouldbeimpolitetosaynothinginthatsituation,sohesaidgoodmorningtotheman，andtheybegantotalk。FirsttheytalkedabouttheheavysnowandthentheytalkedaboutMaine.Thestrangersaid，“WehavesomebeautifulwoodsinMaine.ItwouldbeapitytocometoMainewithoutspendingsometimethere.Isupposeyouhavebeeninourwoods，haven’tyou?”“Yes,Ihave，”answeredMarkTwain.“I’vejustspentthreeweeksthereandIhadaverygoodtime,too。Andletmetellyousomething.Althoughfishingisn’tallowedinMaineatthisseason,I’vegottwohundredpoundsofbeautifulfishwithmybaggageinthistrain。Iliketoeatfish，soIpackeditinicetotakeithomewithme。MayIaskwhoyouare,sir?”ThestrangerlookedatMarkTwainforseveralsecondsandthenanswered，“I'mapoliceofficer.Myjobistocatchpeoplewhohuntandfishduringthewrongseasons。Andwhoareyou？”MarkTwainwassurprisedandfrightenedwhenheheardthis.Hethoughtquicklyandthenanswered,“Well，I’lltellyou，sir.I’mthemanwhotellsthebiggestliesinAmerica.”【解题导语】本文讲述了著名作家马克·吐温去缅因州森林公园度假钓鱼的故事。根据相关法律,冬季是禁渔期,而马克·吐温却在此地成功地钓到了200磅的鱼，但事不凑巧,他被警察逮了个正着,最后撒谎才得以脱身.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A．MarkTwainandaporter.B．Thestrangerandapolice。C．Theporterandapolice.D．MarkTwainandthepolice。解析:选D。推理判断题。由全文内容可知，本文的主要人物有：马克·吐温和那位陌生人(即警察）.和马克·吐温交谈的是那位陌生人。由倒数第二段的“ThestrangerlookedatMarkTwainforseveralsecondsandthenanswered，‘I’mapoliceofficer.。.'”可知，这位陌生人实际上就是那位自称警官的人。2．WecaninferthatMarkTwainhadbeentothewoodsinMainein________.A．summer B．autumnC．winter D．spring解析：选C.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“Firsttheytalkedabouttheheavysnow”可知，马克·吐温是在冬季来缅因州的森林的，再结合后面他跟警察的对话可知，这里在冬天是禁渔的。3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMarkTwainisNOTTRUE?A．Writing,huntingandfishingwerehisfavourites.B．Hisfishwasdeliveredhomebytrain。C．HefeltpityfornotspendingsometimeinMaine.D．Infact,hetoldliestothepoliceofficeratlast。解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段中的“Besideswriting，healsolikedhuntingandfishingverymuch"可知A项表述正确;由最后一段中的“MarkTwainwassurprisedandfrightenedwhenheheardthis。Hethoughtquicklyandthenanswered.。.”可知马克·吐温最后对那位警察撒了谎，故D项表述正确;从第二段中的“Thereheaskedaporter（搬运工)toputitintothetrain”可知B项表述正确；从第一段最后一句可知，马克·吐温在那里度过了非常开心的一段时间，故C项错误。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A．MarkTwainwasoneofthebiggestliarsinAmerica.B．ThestrangerwasimpolitetoMarkTwaininthesmokingcar。C．MarkTwainwenttothewoodsinMaineforwritingstories。D．Thestrangerwastheonewhocaughtpeoplefishinginwinter。解析:选D。细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“ThestrangerlookedatMarkTwainforseveralsecondsandthenanswered，‘I’mapoliceofficer。Myjobistocatchpeoplewhohuntandfishduringthewrongseasons’”可知，那位陌生人(警察)就是专门抓冬季钓鱼的人。故选D.＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊*＊***＊**＊＊＊****＊*＊＊**＊＊*****＊＊＊＊**＊***＊*结束Passage＊**Onenightlastsummer，myneighborDebbiecameoverandknockedonmydoor。“I’mleavingfor21，Jim，"shesaid。“Wouldyouminddroppingbymyhouseinabitand22onmymother？”“Notaproblem，”Isaid。I’dlivednextdoortoDebbieandher84-year-old23，Nan，foraboutsixmonths,andwe’dbecomefastfriends。Debbiealwaysworkedatnight。She24leavinghermomalone,sosheaskedifitwasokayifsherigged（装配)uponeofthosebabymonitorsand25meareceiver。Iwas26tohelp。Afterall，I’vebeenblindsinceinfancy(婴儿期）andoutofworkforyears。Infact,at54,I’dcometowonderifIhadmuch27anymore。Likeme，Nanwas28—andwasalsohardofhearing.ThateveningNanandIchattedforabit29.“Ifyou’reokay,"Isaid,“IthinkI’llturnin.”BeforeI30,Imadesurethebabymonitorwasworking。“Goodnight,Nan，”Isaid。I31mystickandheadedoutthedoor。“Seeyoutomorrow，"Nancalledbehindme。Ilockedthedoorand32mywayhome。Severalminutes33Iheardasound。ItwasNanonthe34.“Jim！Jim！”Iheardoverthemonitor.“Thehouseis35！Help!”Iwentas36asIcouldtoDebbie's.Igottothefrontdoor。Icould37aheavy,thicksmoke。Iputmyhandonthedoorknob(门把手),andreachedformykeyand38thedoor。“Here，Jim。Help!”Hervoicewasweak。“Let’sgetoutofhere！”Ishouted。Grabbingherhand,Istartedtomoveon。Itappedwithmycane39wefoundthefrontdoor。Wefeltourwaydownthesteps，40inthesweet，freshsummerair，andtothegateofheryard.Thankyou，Lord。We’reallsafe.21。A。play B。study C.game D.work22。A.checking B。taking C。putting。 D。keeping23.A。father B。mother C。sister D。brother24.A。thoughtabout B.worriedabout C.caredfor D。lookedfor25.A。sold B.bought C。brought D。gave26.A。sad B.sorrowful C。glad D。upset27.A。value B。price C。money D。service28.A。deaf B。old C。wise D.blind29.A。longbefore B.beforelong C。onceagain D。asusual30.A.left B。stayed C。talked D.chatted31。A。setup B.putup C。pickedup D。tookup32.A.moved B。pushed C.wound D.felt33。A.instead B.later C。then D。ago34.A。neighbor B。receiver C.worker D.speaker35.A。onfire B。introuble C。indanger D。onsale36。A.fast B.slowly C.safely D。well37.A。see B。feel C。taste D.smell38。A。unlocked B。shut C。broke D。knocked39.A.before B。after C。until D.since40.A.showing B。noticing C。losing D。breathing参考答案21.D22。A23。B24.B25.D26.C27.A28。D29.D30。A31。C32。D33.B34.B35.A36。A37.D38。A39.C40。D*＊**＊＊＊***＊*＊＊*＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊****＊***＊*＊*＊**＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊*结束Thecomputerisausefulmachine.Itisthemostimportantinventioninmanyyears.Theoldestkindofcomputeristheabacus(算盘），usedinChinacenturiesago,butthefirstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltin1946.Acomputerthencoulddomathsproblemsquitefast。Todaycomputersareusedinmanywaysandcandomanykindsofwork。Inafewyearsthecomputermaytouchthelifeofeveryone,evenpeopleinfarawayvillages.Inthelastfewyears，therehavebeengreatchangesincomputers。Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller，andcomputingfasterandfaster,Manyscientistsagreethatcomputerscannowdomanythings，buttheycannotdoeverything.Whoknowswhatthecomputersoftomorrowwillbelike?Willcomputersbringgoodthingsorbadthingstopeople？Thescientistsoftodaywillhavetodecidehowtousethecomputersoftomorrow。1.Thecomputerisa_______machine。A。helpful B.strange C。large D.dangerous2.Thefirstlarge，moderncomputerwasbuiltabout_______yearsago.A。afew B.forty C。sixty D.eighty3。Thecomputersoftodayare_______thanbefore。A.bigger B.fewer C。smaller D.taller4。Computerscando_______.A。everything B。anything C。nothing D.lotsofthings5.Thescientistsoftoday_______howtousethecomputersoftomorrow。A.maydecide B.mustdecide C。canmake D。needn'tmake【答案与解析】本文讲计算机的发展历史。1。A。细节题。根据第1句话Thecomputerisausefulmachine可知答案为A。2。C.推断题。第一台计算机是1946年生产的,距今大约60年，所以应选C.3。C。细节题。根据第3段第2句Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller可知答案为C。4.D.推断题。根据第2段第1句Todaycomputersareusedinmanywaysandcandomanykindsofwork以及…buttheycannotdoeverything可知答案为D.5。B。细节题。根据最后一句话Thescientistsoftodaywillhavetodecidehowtousethecomputersoftomorrow可知答案为B。****＊＊***＊******＊＊＊*＊****＊***＊***＊*＊＊*****＊*＊****＊＊＊＊*结束高考链接2。(2012江苏卷)Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot。Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引发)thisrelease，includingchangingtemperature,acidity，andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns，forexample。Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear-infraredlight（NIR，近红外线）onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn'tnew。Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物）andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet(UV,紫外线）orvisiblelight。ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule。NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物） absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi，achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight。TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR—absorbinggroupcalledo—nitrobenzyl(ONB）.Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer，leadingtoitsbreakdown。ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitSoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat’sevenbetter。Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反应的）componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform，afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage。Afterpolymerizingthecresols，theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight—absorbingcompoundcalledBhc。WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight，thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What’smore，Almutairisays，Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells。63。 Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger？A.Temperaturechange. B。NIRlight。C。Aciditychange. D。UVlight。64. WhyinONBunsatisfactory?A。 ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight。B。 Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C. Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.D. Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges？A.ProtectedB.formed C.exposed D。combined【考点】科技问—说明文【文章大意】。本文是一篇科技文，围绕“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加安全、疗效好"这个主题展开研究。63.【答案】B【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear—infraredlightonthedruginthecapsule.”可知，应选B项。【难度】一般64.【答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句中“…ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown"和“…anditcouldbepoisonoustocells…”可知，应选D项.【难度】较难65。【答案】C【试题解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第五句中“WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposed…”可知此处用exposed,即C项正确。【难度】一般【长难句解析】Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物）andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet(UV，紫外线）orvisiblelight.本句是polymers（聚合物）andothermaterials的定语从句，when引导的时间状语从句。Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反应的）componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform，afeature本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语，修饰alongchainofcompounds。后面是reactive(易反应的）components的定语从句＊＊＊***＊＊**＊＊***＊**＊**＊＊＊＊**＊＊**＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊**＊*结束Policetodaysteppedupamurderprobe（调查）afterafatherwaskilledbyagang.Theyattackedhimwithanaxe.JohnPurcell，40，sufferedfatalinjuriesintheincidentinEasterhouse，GlasgowonSaturdayevening…momentsafterhehadsaidgoodbyetohischildren。HisyoungestsonJohn，11，wasbeingcomfortedbyhismumElizabethMalcolmafterwitnessingthestreethorror.Thefather—of-threewasattackedaround10：30inEasterhouseRoad.YoungJohnsaid，“Myfatherwasstruckfrombehindwithsomethingthatlookedlikeachopper.”John,hissisterDanielle,15，andbrotherWilliam,19,havebeenleftdevastatedandplacedafloraltribute（葬礼献花)attheattacksceneinmemoryoftheirdad。ElizabethMalcolmsaid，“Weareallinshockaboutwhathadhappened.Whenhelefthereheusuallyturnedleftdowntheroad,butforsomereasononSaturdayhewentintheoppositedir