2023年浙江省1月高考英语试卷真题（解析版）

202年月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分0分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitafriend. B.PickupBilly. C.Buysomebeans.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Billyneedssomebeansforhisscienceprojectatschool.Maybewecanstopbyastoreonourwayhome.W:Let’sgotoGreens.It’sjustaroundthecorner.M:Okay.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhoisAndyClarks?A.Apubliclibrarian. B.ATVactor. C.Afamouslawyer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Stephen,guesswhoIsawatthecitylibrary?AndyClarkes—theleadingactorinTheGoodLawyer—thefamousTVseries.M:Whatwashedoingthere?Hispopularityhasslippedsincethefinalseasonoftheshow..【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.GiftsforJason. B.Abaseballgame. C.Thewoman'sretirement.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ItseemsasifeverybodyistalkingaboutJason’sretirement.M:Yes,hisofficeisfilledwithgifts.IgavehimaT-shirtwithabaseballpatternonit.W:That’snice.I’llgethimsomethingthisafternoon.Hopeit’snotlate.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwentonatCooper'slastnight?A.Amovieshow. B.Abirthdayparty. C.Asalespromotion.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:DidyougotoCooper’slastnight?M:No,wasthereanythingspecial?W:Yes,theemployeesdressedupasmoviecharacters,andeverycustomerreceivedadiscountcard.M:Thatwasinteresting.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatproblemdothespeakershave?A.Theyarelateforwork.B.Theygetstuckintraffic.C.Theyhavelosttheirway.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Oh,theroadisjammedwithtrafficagain.Wearegoingtobelateforwork.M:Let’smakeaU-turnatthenextcrossroadsandtryanotherway.第二节(共5小题:每小题.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Attheoffice. C.Attheairport.7.HowdoesSarasound?A.Anxious. B.Surprised. C.Grateful.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:DoyouthinkJanetcouldmakeit?M:I’msureshecan.Haveyoutriedcallingher?W:Yes,ofcourse.ButIcan’tgetthrough.Theflighthasalreadybeencalledtwice.Whatarewegoingtodo?Boardwithouther?Ishouldhaveremindedherattheofficeyesterday.Shemayhavetotallyforgottenit.M:Takeiteasy,Sarah.Letmecallherhomenumber.Oh,theresheis.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatmadeMissJohnsonchooseteachingasaprofession?A.Pressurefromherfamily. B.Herpassionforthework. C.Ateacher'sencouragement.9.WhatdoesMissJohnsonthinkisthebestpartofherjob?A.Beingwithchildren. B.Winningothers'respect. C.Learningdifferentthings.0.WhatdoesMissJohnsonwantherstudentstobee?A.Lifelonglearners. B.Creativethinkers. C.Goodmunicators.【答案】8.B9.A0.A【解析】【原文】M:Weletoourprogram,MissJohnson.CongratulationsonwinningtheTeacheroftheYearaward.W:Thankyou,Peter.I’mmorethanhappytobehere.M:Whatinspiredyoutobeateacher,MissJohnson?W:Well,I’vealwayslovedtolearn,butI’veenjoyedteachingothersevenmore.It’sinthefamily.M:Couldyoutelluswhatthebestpartaboutyourjobis?W:Gettingtoknowallofthedifferentkidsandmunicatingwiththem.Ihavealwayslovedkids.So,Iwillalwaysenjoythatpartofmyjob.M:Then,whatdoyouhopetoachievebybeingateacher?W:Mygoalistohelpmystudentsdevelopawarenessoftheirstrengths,weaknesses,andlearningneeds,andtoenablethemtolearnthroughouttheirlives.M:Thatsoundsgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】.WhatdoesBeckylikeaboutlivingwithherparents?A.Theyhaveabighouse.B.Theycookmealsforher.C.Theypayallherexpenses.2.WhatdoesEthansuggestBeckydoregardinghermother?A.Havepatience.B.Providepany.C.Expressgratitude..WhyisEthanconcernedabouthisparentslivingontheirown?A.Theymayfeellonely.B.Theymayfailtogetalong.C.Theymayhaveanemergency.【答案】.B2.A.C【解析】【原文】W:Ethan,haveyouthoughtaboutgettingyourownhouse?M:Yeah.ButI’mconvincedmyparentslovehavingmeback.Whataboutyou?W:Um...Notsureyet.Rightnow,Ienjoygettingmymealscookedformeeveryday.M:Doyoupayacontributiontothehouse?W:Ofcourse,Ido.Butit’sstillmuchlessthanIwouldpaytoliveinmyownflat.Right?M:Obviously.W:TheonlythingIdon’tlikeisthatmymomwantstoknoweverypartofmylife.Becky,whatareyoudoingtomorrow?Where?Withwhom?Thesamequestionseveryday.M:Momsarelikethat.Theyaskbecausetheycare.You’vegottobepatientwiththem.Myparentsaskthosequestionstoo,butImaynotmoveoutsoon.Thethoughtofleavingthemfillsmewithfear.Whatifoneofthemfallsover?Whatiftheybothhaveafalltogether?W:Thatwouldbeterrible.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】4.Whosespeechdidthewomanlistentothismorning?A.JohnMiller's. B.DavidThompson's. C.AllanBrown's.5.Whatistheworkshopintheafternoonabout?A.Knowledgeeconomy. B.Riskassessment. C.Employeemotivation.6Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherjob?A.Itcanbechallenging. B.Itistrulyinteresting. C.Itwillberewarding.7.Whatdothemanandthewomanbothwanttodo?A.Applyforanewposition.B.Offertheirstaffasalaryraise.C.Improvetheirmanagementskills.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:It’saprettygoodconference,huh?M:Yeah.Allspeakersarewell-knownandknowledgeableinthesubjectmatter.DidyoulistentoJohnMiller’sspeechonhowtoavoidbusinessrisksthismorning?W:No,Imissedthatone.IwenttoaspeechatAlanBrownHall.ThespeakerwasDavidThompson.M:Oh,thatshouldbeagoodone,too.Iattendedhislecturelastyear.Bytheway,therewillbeaworkshopthisafternoononhowtomotivateemployees.Areyouinterested?W:Sure.Iwaspromotedtothepositionofmanagerafewmonthsago.AndIhavetomanageastaffof2people.Itcanbequiteadifficultsituationsometimes.That’swhyIamheretoday.M:Samehere.Ionlyhavesevenpeoplereportingtome.Yet,sometimesIfeellikepullingmyhairout.Ineedtofindawaytocreateharmonywithinmydepartment.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablydo?A.She'samedicaldoctor.B.She'safitnessinstructor.C.She'saswimmingcoach.9.Whatisamonworkoutmistake?A.Focusingonlyonbuildingmuscles.B.Takingtoomanytypesofexercises.C.Doingthesameroutineallthetime.20.Howoftendoesthespeakersuggestpeopledohardworkouts?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Threetimesaweek.【答案】8.C9.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:WeletoStarFitnessClub.I’mTinaHarrison.Beforeyoustart,I’dliketoofferyousometips.Weallknowthatregularexerciseisimportant,butfewofusknowhowtoexerciseproperly.I’veseenmanypeoplemakethesameworkoutmistakesinthisplace.Onemistakepeopleoftenmakeisstickingtothesameroutine.Itisnotgoodforbuildingupyourmuscles.I’dliketosuggestthatyouchangeyourroutineeveryothermonth.What’smore,youcantrydifferentkindsofworkouts,suchasjogging,biking,orswimming.Thiscanhelpkeepyourwholebodyinshape.Anothermistakemostpeoplemakeistoworkoutintenselyalmosteveryday.Youneedtogiveyourbodyabreak,andallowtimeforthemusclestogrow.Itisnottheharderthebetter.Twohardworkoutdayseveryweekisenough.Ifyoureallyhatetoskipaday,youcanplaneasyexercisesonotherdays.However,experts’suggestionisthatyoutakeonedayoffpletelyeachweek.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分7.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExplorersCamp•Fulldaycampforkidsaged5-.•Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.Week|July8-2Week2|July5-9Week|July22-26•Registerforasingleweekormultipleweeks.•Fees:$65perweek.•Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune5.CampStructureThedayisdividedintotwothematicsessionsperagegroup.Campershaveathree-hourmorningclassengagingwithamorningtheme(9amto2noon)andaone-hourlunchbreak,followedbyanotherthree-hourclassengagingwithanafternoontheme(pmto4pm).Snackperiodsareheldthroughouttheday.Allcampersshouldbringtheirownbaggedlunchandsnacks.CampContentExplorersCamporganizesengagingarts,historyandscience-relatedactivitiesinevery!class,andfocusesonarangeoftopicsthatemphasizeactivelearning,explorationand,mostofall,fun!Allcampsessionsarecreatedwithage-appropriateactivitiesthataretailoredtothemultiplewaysthatkidslearn.CampStaffCampersenjoyastaff-to-childratiorangingfrom:4to:7dependingontheagegroup.Instructorsarepassionateeducatorswhoareexpertsintheirfieldsandhaveundergonetrainingandabackgroundcheck.2.Onwhichofthefollowingdatescanyoucancelyourregistrationwithafullrefund?A.June2. B.June22. C.July9. D.July26.22.Howarecampersdividedintodifferentgroups?A.Bygender. B.Bynationality. C.Byinterest. D.Byage.2.Howmanyhoursofclasswillyouhavealtogetherifyouregisterforasingleweek?A.5. B.2. C.0. D.42.【答案】2.A22.D2.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“•Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune5.(取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月5日)”可知，你可以在6月2日取消注册并全额退款。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据CampStructure部分中的“Thedayisdividedintotwothematicsessionsperagegroup.(白天按每个年龄组分为两个专题会议)”可知，露营者按年龄划分成不同的小组。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“•Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.(7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据CampStructure部分中的“Campershaveathree-hourmorningclassengagingwithamorningtheme(9amto2noon)andaone-hourlunchbreak,followedbyanotherthree-hourclassengagingwithanafternoontheme(pmto4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午2点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=0。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有0小时的课程。故选C。BLivewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotpletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadmentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifothersmentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Shareanapartmentwithyou. B.Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.C.Transformyourwayofliving. D.Helpyoutomakethedecision.25.Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’sfathertowardbuyinggrocerieswithjars?A.Hedisapprovedofit. B.Hewasfavorabletoit.C.Hewastolerantofit. D.Hedidn’tcareaboutit.26.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Sheisquitegoodatcooking. B.Sherespectsothers’privacy.C.Sheenjoysbeingahousewife. D.Sheisadeterminedperson.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B.Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C.Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.D.Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jumponthatbandwagon与Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadmentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.(然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。CAmachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There’sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit’stalkingabout.”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Aputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toaputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwemunicate,wemunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.Andthat’swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence.28.WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?A.Toexplaintheuseofasoftwareprogram.B.ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.C.TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater.D.Toemphasizethefairnessofthepetition.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?A.Arguments. B.Doubts. C.Errors. D.Differences.0.WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?A.Createrules. B.prehendmeaning.C.Talkfluently. D.Identifydifficultwords..Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols.B.Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped.C.Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters.D.Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture.【答案】28.B29.C0.B.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为ProjectDebater的软件程序。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为ProjectDebater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军NoaOvadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到NoaOvadia的目的是展示ProjectDebater的聪明。故选B。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.(尽管ProjectDebater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“willnodoubtbeironedout(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。【0题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Aputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toaputer,meaningisirrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，ProjectDebater不能理解意义，故选B。【题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。DAccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled(安装)hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven’tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanymunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(传粉昆虫).Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,cities—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.“Thesepollinator-friendlysolarfarmscanhaveavaluableimpactoneverythingthat’sgoingoninthelandscape,”saysMacknick.2.Whatdosolardevelopersoftenignore?A.Thedeclineinthedemandforsolarenergy.B.Thenegativeimpactofinstallingsolarpanels.C.Therisinglaborcostofbuildingsolarfarms.D.Themostrecentadvancesinsolartechnology..WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?A.Improvetheproductivityoflocalfarms.B.Inventnewmethodsforcontrollingweeds.C.Makesolarprojectsenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Promotetheuseofsolarenergyinruralareas.4.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?A.Toconservepollinators. B.Torestrictsolardevelopment.C.Todiversifytheeconomy. D.Toensurethesupplyofenergy.5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Pollinators:ToLeaveortoStay B.SolarEnergy:HopefortheFutureC.InSPIRE:ALeaderinAgriculture D.SolarFarms:ANewDevelopment【答案】2.B.C4.A5.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanymunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。【题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分2.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有利项为多余选项。Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?paredtootheralternatives,it’sfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaracmodations,selloutveryquickly.____6____Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.____7____Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.Bringablanket.Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.____8____Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.____9____Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.Havefun.____40____Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).Ifittakesthetrain5secondstotravelonemile,you’regoing67.92mph.A.Traintripsaren’tforimpatienttypes.B.You’llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C.Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D.That’sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner.【答案】6.D7.G8.C9.E40.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。【6题详解】根据上文“Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaracmodations,selloutveryquickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.(但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busysummermonths”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。【7题详解】根据上文“Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.(一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.(这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“bookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。【8题详解】根据上文“Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.(特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“Thetemperatureonrailcars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。【9题详解】根据上文“Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.(注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“Youmighthavetowaitlonger”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。【40题详解】根据上文“Havefun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,d