南京市建邺区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

2023-2024学年建邺区第一学期期末学业质量监测试卷八年级英语时间：100分钟，分值：100分第I卷(选择题，共50分)一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)（略）二、单项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)在每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepicture?A．Thebuilderscaneatinthecafebecausetheyworkhere.B．Studentsdon’tknowwhenthecafewillopennow.C．Thecafewillstillbeopenduringthebuildingwork.D．Thecafewillbeclosedbecauseofholiday.2．—YouboughtmeaHUAWEIMATE60!Iloveit!ButIdon’tknowhowtouseit．—Itdoesn’tmatter．Justfollowthe________.A．invitations B．instructions C．introductions D．questions3．Iwantedtobuysomebooksonmusicyesterday,buttherewas________inthatshop.A．none B．no C．not D．little4．Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedinthesamewayas“impolite”?A．blackboard B．uncertain C．chairperson D．earthquake5．YesterdayIwenttoseeaChineseanimated(动画的)film,ChangAn(《长安三万里》)．Itisverywonderful．Ithinkfewpeoplewillfeel________aftertheyseeit.A．afraid B．interested C．excited D．bored6．Whenhearingthefireengine(消防车),weshouldwaveandshout________firemencanfindus.A．leadto B．becauseof C．inorderto D．sothat7．Whichwordcanweuseintheblanktomakethepoemrhyme?Abed,Iseeasilverlight,Iwonderifit’sfrost(霜冻)aground．Lookingup,Ifindthemoon_________,Bowing(弯腰),inhomesicknessI’mdrowned.A．high B．bright C．round D．gone8．Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasthesamestructureas“Theteachergavethestudentsaninterestingproject”?A．Thestudentshadfunintheplayground.B．Theclassroomisbiggerthanbefore.C．Thestudentssawtheleavesfalling.D．Thelibrarianshowedapicturetothechildren.9．—Didyounoticehimcomein?—No．I________afootballgame.A．watch B．watched C．waswatching D．amwatching10．—I’msosorryfornotpassingtheexam,Mom．—________．Ibelieveyoucanmakeitnexttime.A．That’sallright B．Whatashame C．Youdidagoodjob D．That’sright三、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。CaughtinafloodMaryandherparentsweredownstairsinthelivingroom．Marywaslookingthroughthewindowsattheendlessrainoutside．Ithadbeenrainingnon-stopforthreedays．Shehadneverseenastormthisbad．Itwasmakingher11_____．Thewindroaredandtherain12_____ontheroofandwindows．Dadwaslisteningtoaweatherreportontheradio13Mumwasputtingtheirimportantdocumentsanddisastersuppliesintoabag．“Mum,Dad,”saidMarysuddenly,“Ithinkweshouldleavehererightaway!”“No,”saidDad．“It’stoolate!Theradio14_____thecityhasalreadybeenflooded.”“Wecandriveourcar15_____thefloodwater!Let’sjustleave!I’mreallyscared!”criedMary．“Wecan’tdothat,honey,”saidMum,“16_____themovingwatercouldwashthecaraway!”Marywalkedtothedoor．Shewascurioustoseehowmuchwatertherewasoutside．“Don’topenthedoor!”17_____MumandDadatthesametime．“Thewatermayfloodin!”Dadmovedthedinnertableagainstthedoor,incasethefloodwaterforcedthedooropen．MumwavedtoMarytositonthesofa．“Mary,don’tworry．Everything’sgoingtobeOK,”shesaid18_____,tryingherbesttocomfortMary．Hervoicewascalm,butMarycould19_____shewasworriedtoo．Withoutsayingasingleword,Dadwalkedtothesofa,satdownandhuggedhiswifeanddaughter．Thesuddensilenceinthehouseseemedtomakethe20_____andrainmorefrightening(令人害怕的)outside．Whatcouldtheydo?11．A．happy B．excited C．nervous D．calm12．A．blew B．beat C．crashed D．flowed13．A．when B．so C．but D．while14．A．says B．talks C．speaks D．tells15．A．onto B．into C．through D．across16．A．however B．still C．instead D．otherwise17．A．shouted B．whispered C．moved D．reported18．A．happily B．softly C．sadly D．angrily19．A．hear B．think C．say D．tell20．A．window B．disaster C．wind D．water四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。A21．Accordingtothecomic,theleaveschangecolourin________.A．autumn B．winter C．spring D．summer22．Intheunderlinedword“Loooove”,theauthorusedfour“o”sbecausehe/she________.A．madesuchasillymistakeB．keptreadingthe“o”fourtimesC．wantedtoshowstrongfeelingsforspringD．reallylovedhumansandanimals23．Accordingtothepicture,whichofthefollowingsentenceissuitableintheSUMMERpart?A．Icecreamispopularamongchildren!YUMMY!B．Everyoneenjoysswimminginthepool!COOL!C．Ilikesummermorethananyotherseason!YEAH!D．It’sburninghoteveryday．DON’TGOOUT!BHowdiditcometobe?HowBearLostHisTailBearhadalongtail．Oneday,FoxtoldBeartoplacehistailinaholeintheicetocatchafish．Bearwaitedforafishtograb(抓住)histail．Thenhefellasleep．Thenextmorning,Bearwascoveredinsnow．Bear’stailhadfrozenintheiceduringthenight．WhenBearstoodup,histailbrokeoff．Bearsstillhaveshorttailstoday．WhySeaWaterIsSaltyAgrandmothergavehergrandsonamill(石磨)．Itwouldgrindanythingheaskedfor．Hesaidspecialwordstousethemill．Aship’scaptainstole(偷)themill．Heaskedittogrindsalt,buthedidnotknowthewordstomakeitstop．Thecaptainthrewthemillintothesea．Itstillgrindssaltatthebottomoftheseatoday．TheStoryofLightningandThunderThunderandLightningweresheep．TheylivedonEarth．SometimesLightninggotangryandburnedeverythingaroundhim．ThenThunder,hismother,wouldcalloutinaloudvoicetostophim．Soon,peoplecomplainedtotheking．ThekingsentThunderandLightningtoliveinthesky．Lightningstillgetsangry,andThundercallsouttostophim.24．WhathappenedafterBearputhistailinaholeintheice?A．Hecaughtafish. B．Hewasfrozenafterhefellasleep.C．Histailbrokeoffthenextmorning. D．Afishbithistailoff.25．Accordingtothestories,whichofthefollowingis“True”?A．Theseawaterissaltybecausethemillkeepsgrindingsalt.B．Thecaptainthrewthemillintotheseabecausehedidn’twantsalt.C．ThundercanstopLightningfromgettingangryandburningthings.D．ThefoxwasverykindtotelltheBearhowtocatchafish.26．Whatisprobablythepurposeofthethreestories?A．Peoplewrotethemtoexplainthetruth.B．Peoplemadeupthesestoriesforfun.C．Peopleusedthemtoplayatrickonothers.D．Peoplewantedreaderstobelievethestories.CMusichelpsusexercise—butwhydoesithavethiseffect(影响)?Expertssaytherearetwomainreasons．Thefirstissimple:Musicdistractsus．Whenwelistentoasongwelike,ourbrainpaysattentiontothemusic．Forexample,afterweexercisefor20minutes,ourbodymightbetired．Butwemaynotfeelthisimmediatelybecausewearelisteningtomusic．Soweexercisealittlelonger．．Whenweheardancemusic,forexample,wenaturallystarttomovetothebeat．Anupbeatsongalsoputsusinagoodmood,sowefeelhappier．Thisgivesusenergyandhelpsusexerciselonger．Musicwithaquickandsteadybeatisgoodforexercising．Butthemusicshouldn’tbetoofast,sayssportspsychologistDr．CostaKarageorghis．Generally,songsintherange(范围)of120-140beatsperminute(BPM)arethebest．AnewstudybycognitivescientistTomFritzsuggeststhisisonlypartoftheexplanation,however．Inanexperiment,Fritzput61peopleinsmallgroups．Theyallthenexercisedtwice．Onetime,eachgroupworkedoutwhilelisteningtomusicforsixminutes．Anothertime,theyexercisedforsixminutesonspecialJymminmachines．ThenameJymminisacombinationof“jammin”and“gym”．Usingthesemachines,eachgroupmademusicastheymoved．Attheend,53ofthe61peoplesaidthesamething:TheyfeltlesstiredwhentheyexercisedontheJymminmachines．Whenweexerciseandmakemusic-especiallywithotherpeopleworkingoutseemstobeeasier．HowdoesFritzexplainthis?MaybepeopledidbetterontheJymminmachinesbecausetheyhadmorecontrol,hesays．Peoplecreatedthebeat．Theycouldmakeitgofasterorslower．Also,theactivitywassocial．Eachgroupwasmakingmusictogetherandhavingfun．FritzbelievesthatJymminexercisemayhaveotheradvantages(优势),too．Hewantstofindoutifitcanhelpwithmoreseriousconditions．Forexample,itmayevenbeagoodwaytotreatdepression(抑郁).27．InParagraph1,theunderlinedword“distract”meansto________.A．bringourattentionback B．makeusstrongerC．takeourattentionaway D．makeustired28．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputintheblank(空白处)inParagraph2?A．Musicalsomotivates(激励)us B．AnykindofmusichelpsC．Thefastermusic,thebetter D．Sportspsychologistsdisagree29．WhatisaJymminmachine?A．Atoolforlisteningtomusicwhiledancing.B．Amachineforwatchingmusicvideoswhileexercising.C．Agrouptomakemusicandhavefunwhileexercising.D．Anexercisemachineforcreatingmusicwhileworkingout.30．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Advantagesofmusicwhileworkingout.B．Amusicplaylistforworkoutsongs.C．GiveinstructionsonusingJymminmachines.D．Reasonswhymusichelpspeopleexerciselonger.DIhaveaquestionforallofus．Isallwinningsuccess?Winningisreally,reallyfun．ButIamheretosharemyidea:Winningdoesnotalwaysmeansuccess．Allaroundtheworld,wehavecreatedthewin-at-all-costculture．Asasociety,wehonorthechampion(冠军)．Wecheerforthosepeoplewhowinchampionships．Winningatallcostshasbecomeacceptable．Wehavebecomesofocused(关注)onthatendresultinsteadoftheprocess,andwhenitisawin,usuallyhowwegotthereoftengetslittleattention．Weneedtoredefine(重新定义)success．Realsuccessisdevelopingchampionsinlifeforourworld,winorlose．Wemaybeabletoplanourwaytoawin,butwecan’tplanourwaytosuccess．Backto1990,whenIwasfirstmadetheheadcoachoftheUCLAWomen’sGymnasticsTeam,thebestIcoulddowaswhatother“successful”coacheshaddone．So,Ibecametough-talkingandmean．Iactedlikeaheadcoachwhoseonlythoughtwastofigureouthowtowin．Afterputtingupwithmeforafewyears,ourteamaskedmeforateammeeting．Andforovertwohours,theygavemeexamplesofhowmyarrogance(傲慢)washurtful．Thatwasmytime-out,andIchosetochange．IfoundoutthatIneededtosupportourstudentplayersaswholehumanbeings,notjustplayerswhowon．Itissomucheasiertogiveordersthantoactuallyfigureouthowtoencouragesomeonetobebetter．Andittakesareallylongtimetotakeroot．Thekeywastodeveloptrustthroughpatienceandhonesty．Let’sthinkaboutwhatyouaretalkingwithyourparentsonthecarridehome．Aretheyfocusingontheendresult?Areyouexcitedtousethattimetoshowyouareawinner?Allofyoucaretoomuchabouttheendresultinsteadofyourstepsoflearning．Weareallcoachesinsomeways．Weallhavetheresponsibilitytodevelopchampionsinlifeforourworld．Thatiswhatrealsuccesslookslike,andthatiswhatwecallawin-win.31．Thewriterintroducedthetopicby_______.A．askingaquestion B．showingsomeexamplesC．listingafewnumbers D．comparingtwodifferentthings32．Theunderlinedword“it”intheParagraph2refersto(指代)_______.A．theprocess B．endresultC．thechampion D．realsuccess33．Astheheadcoach,thewriterchosetochangebecause_______.A．other“successful”coachesaskedhimtodosoB．hewastryingsohardtofigureouthowtowinC．helearnttocaremoreaboutplayersthanwinningD．helearntheshouldonlysupportplayerswhowon34．Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingisarealsuccessinlife?A．Akidwhoshowsthemedalsandprizeshewontohisparents.B．Aplayerwhotriestowinagoldmedalatthecostofhishealth.C．Acoachwhorespectshismemberseventhoughtheteamdidn’twin.D．Aparentwhokeepsaskingaboutthegradeshiskidgetsintheexams.35．Thestructureofthepassageis_______.A． B． C． D．第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共50分)五、语言运用(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，其中有一个为多余选项。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-5的相应位置。smaller

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makinglawsTigersareimportantandpowerfulmembersinthewild．Tigers36huntforanimalssuchasdeerandwildpigs．Withouttigers,theseanimalswouldeattoomanyplants．Thenotheranimalswouldfaceseriousproblemsifthey37theplants．However,tigersarenowindangerof38outcompletely．Thebiggestreasonisthebuyingandsellingoftigerbodypartsformoney．Anotherreasonisbecausewildlandsaregetting39．Peoplearoundtheworldareworkinghardtosavetigers．Theytrytoprotectmorelandsintigercountriessothattigerscanstaywild．Governmentsprotecttigersby40tostoptigerbusiness．Ifpeopleworktogether,thesebeautifulanimalsmaybesaved.阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或者使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答卷纸标号为1-5的相应位置上。Manypeopledreamofgoingonagreattriptoforeigncountries．Mostofuskeepdreaming;othersmakeithappen．Gregg’sdreamwas41_____(travel)fromAlaskatoArgentina—bybike．In2005,after42_____(near)fouryearsofplanning,hesetoff．Duringthetrip,Greggcycledthroughdeserts,rainforestsandmountains．Hevisitedmoderncitiesandplacesof43_____(nature)wonders．InMay,2007—twoyears,12countriesandover30,500kmlater,hefinally44_____(到达)Ushuaia,Argentina,atthesoutherntipofSouthAmerica．Itwasoneofthebestm45_____inhislife.六、首字母填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。Summervacationmeanslongdays,sleepinginorenjoyingthesummersun．Itisquiterightforstudentstoenjoyar46_____afteralonganddifficultyear．Butmoreandmoreparentsf47_____theirkidsforgettingalotofknowledge,sotheysendtheirchildrentosummerschools．Becausesummerschoolscanhelpchildrengoovertheknowledgethattheyhavelearntduringtheschoolyear．Insummerschools,studentsprobablystudyinamorerelaxingsituationandcancomeupwithinterestingtopicsford48_____withtheirteachers．Usually,thenumberofstudentsattendingsummerschoolsiss49_____sothisgivesthemagoodchancetoconnectwithotherstudentsandteachersbetter．Ifastudenthasfailedacourse,summerschoolsmayhelphimorher．M50_____,theyarebuildingtheircreativity(创造力)andimaginationaswellaslearningsocialskills．Ontheotherhand,summerschoolsb51_____childrenproblemsatthesametime．Ittakeschildrenthewholesummervacationtolearnw52_____playing．Thatistoolong．Asaresult,itm53_____makethemlessinterestedinschoolduringthecomingyear．Formanystudents,t54_____summerclassescanbeatiringexperience．Teachersteachthesubjectstooquickly,whichonlyharmsthewholeeducationofstudents．Summerschoolsareusuallyexpensive．Theyusuallyofferonlyafewsubjects．Somanystudentshavetotakeclassesthattheydon'tlike．Asummerschoolcanbeagoodchanceforstudentswhoneedit,butitcanbed55_____forstudentswhoneedabreak．Soyoucandecidewhetherasummerschoolissuitableforyourchildren.七、阅读短文，用英文回答问题，所写答案语法正确，语义切题。1-4题回答字数不超过6个单词，5题字数不限。—Cats!—Dogs!Thesecanbefightingwords,dependingon(取决于)whoyou’retalkingto．Clearly,therearedogpeopleandtherearecatpeople．Dogpeoplelikedogsbetterandthinktheyareman’s“bestfriend”,whilecatpeoplelikecatsbecauseoftheirelegance(优雅)andindependence(独立)．Sometimesthetwogroupevenarguewitheachother,tryingtoprovethattheirsideisthebest．Dogsseemtobewinningthebattle．AnAssociatedPresspoll(民意调查)in2018showedthatpeopleintheUSlikedogsmorethancats．Asmuchas74percentsaidtheylikeddogs“alot”butonly41percentsaidthesamethingaboutcats．The2018WhitePaperonChina’sPetIndustryalsoshowedthattherearearound11millionmoredogownersthancatownersinChinesecities．However,catsseemtogetmorenoticeonline．Thereareevensomenewslangtermstorefertothem．Catsaredescribedas“masters”(喵主子)online,whilethedogownersareservantswhocleantheirmasters’feces(铲屎官)．Eventhosewhodon’thavepetcatsaredoingsomethingcalled“cloudcatpetting”(云吸猫),whichreferstoviewingpicturesandvideosofcatsonline．AnarticleinTheGuardianpointedoutthatdogownersusuallygooutsidetoplaywiththeirpetsortheirneighbors’dogs．Butsincecatsaremainlyindooranimals,theInternethasbecomeavirtual(虚拟的)catparkforcatowners．Butitdoesn’treallymatterwhetheryoulikecatsordogs．Havingaconnection(联系)withanyanimalcanmakeusfeelgood.56．Whataredogslikeindogpeople’seyes?___________________________________________________________________________________57．Whichgroupofpeopledescribetheirpetsasmasters?___________________________________________________________________________________58．WhydocatsseemmorepopularthandogsontheInternet?___________________________________________________________________________________59．Whydopeoplehaveaconnectionwithanimals?___________________________________________________________________________________60．Accordingtothearticle,areyoumorelikelyadogpersonoracatperson?Why?(不限字数)___________________________________________________________________________________八、书面表达(满分20分)61．为了让来自世界各地的游客更好地了解湿地和鸟类，南京市生态环境局在2023年12月28日发布了《南京城市公园观鸟地图》，建邺区的鱼嘴湿地公园位列其中。因此，鱼嘴湿地公园特举办“观鸟节”，并向各中学招募学生志愿者。假如你是南京红星中学的初二学生李华，你在报纸上看到如下一则招募启事：Volunteerswanted!Thismonth,we’regoingtohaveaBirdwatchingFestivalandweneed20studentvolunteerstohelp．Ifyouwanttojoinus,pleasesendusanemail．Intheemail,youneedtotellusaboutyourself,whatyoucandotohelpandwhatyourhopesare．Don’tforgettogiveusyourcontact(联系)information．FishMouthWetlandPark注意：词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。文中不能出现真实的人名和校名等个人信息。DearSirorMadam．IamwritingtojoinyouasavolunteerinthecomingBirdwatchingFestival．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案1．B【详解】句意：从这张图片我们可以学到什么？考查常识。根据图片中的“Becauseofbuildingworkthecafewillbecloseduntilfurthernotice.”可知，由于施工原因，咖啡馆将关闭，直至另行通知，所以选项B“学生们不知道咖啡馆将在什么时候开业。”符合题意。故选B。2．B【详解】句意：——你给我买了华为MATE60！我太喜欢了！但我不知道怎么使用。——没关系。按说明操作就可以了。考查名词辨析。invitations邀请函；instructions用法说明；introductions介绍；questions问题。根据“ButIdon’tknowhowtouseit.”可知，不知道如何使用的情况下，可以按照使用说明去操作。故选B。3．A【详解】句意：昨天我想买一些关于音乐的书，但那家商店里一本也没有。考查词语辨析。none没有一个，指人或物；no没有，形容词；not不，副词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“Iwantedtobuysomebooksonmusicyesterday”及转折连词but可知，这里指商店一本也没有，所以用none，指代没有一本书，故选A。4．B【详解】句意：下列哪一个单词的组成形式与单词“impolite”相同？考查构词法。blackboard黑板，black和board合成；uncertain不确定的，certain加前缀un-；chairperson主席，chair和person合成；earthquake地震，earth和quake合成。单词“impolite”为polite加前缀im-而来，与B选项的构成方法相同。故选B。5．D【详解】句意：中国动画电影《长安三万里》非常棒。我想很少有人看完后会感到无聊。考查形容词辨析。afraid害怕的；interested感兴趣的；excited激动的；bored感到无聊的。根据“YesterdayIwenttoseeaChineseanimated(动画的)film,ChangAn(《长安三万里》)．Itisverywonderful.”可知，这里是说很少有人观看后会觉得无聊，又根据“fewpeople”可知，这里是修饰人，因此是bored。故选D。6．D【详解】句意：当听到消防车的声音时，我们应该挥手大喊，以便消防员能找到我们。考查从属连词辨析。leadto导致；becauseof因为；inorderto为了；sothat以便。根据句意可知，此处意为“以便，目的”，排除选项A，B；inorderto后接动词原形，sothat后接句子。故选D。7．B【详解】句意：我们可以在空白处用哪个词使这首诗押韵？床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。考查单词读音。high[haɪ]；bright[braɪt]；round[raʊnd]；gone[ɡɒn]。根据上一句的句末单词“aground”以及下一句的句末单词“drowned”可知第二句与第四句押韵，第一句的句末单词为light[laɪt]，选项B中的发音与第一句light中的[aɪ]一致，符合题意要求。故选B。8．D【详解】句意：下面哪个句子与“Theteachergavethestudentsaninterestingproject”的结构相同？考查句子结构。Thestudentshadfunintheplayground.主谓宾；Theclassroomisbiggerthanbefore.主系表；Thestudentssawtheleavesfalling.主谓宾+宾补；Thelibrarianshowedapicturetothechildren.主谓+直宾+to+间宾。“Theteachergavethestudentsaninterestingproject”的结构是“主谓+间宾+直宾”，所以选项D的句子与其结构相同，均为双宾语结构。故选D。9．C【详解】句意：——你注意到他进来了吗？——不，我（当时）正在看足球比赛。考查动词时态。watch看，动词原形；watched看，动词过去式；waswatching正在看，过去进行时态；amwatching正在看，现在进行时态。根据“Did”和“I...afootballgame.”可知，此处指那时候正在看球赛，应用过去进行时态。故选C。10．A【详解】句意：——妈妈，我很抱歉没有通过考试。——没关系。我相信你下次一定能考好。考查情景交际。That’sallright没关系；Whatashame真可惜；Youdidagoodjob你干的很好；That’sright就是那样。根据“Ibelieveyoucanmakeitnexttime.”可知，应说没关系，下次一定能考好。故选A。11．C12．B13．D14．A15．C16．D17．A18．B19．D20．C【导语】本文主要描述了大暴雨期间，城市被洪水淹没，玛丽和父母被困在家里时的场景。11．句意：这让她很紧张。happy高兴的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；calm平静的。根据“Ithadbeenrainingnon-stopforthreedays．Shehadneverseenastormthisbad.”可知，应是大暴雨让她感到很紧张，故选C。12．句意：风呼啸着，雨拍打在屋顶和窗户上。blew吹；beat敲，拍，打；crashed碰撞；flowed流动。根据“Thewindroaredandtherain..．ontheroofandwindows”可知，风吹着，应是雨水拍打在窗户上和房顶上，故选B。13．句意：妈妈在把重要的文件和救灾物资放进袋子里的时候，爸爸正在听收音机里的天气预报。when在……时候；so因此；but但是；while在……时候；与……同时。此处是在介绍妈妈在做某事的时候爸爸正在做的事情，强调主从句动作同时发生，且时态都是进行时，动词是延续性动词，所以用while引导时间状语从句，故选D。14．句意：广播说这座城市已经被洪水淹没了。says说；talks谈论；speaks讲（语言）；tells告诉。空后“thecityhasalreadybeenflooded”是广播的内容，所以用say，故选A。15．句意：我们可以开车穿过洪水！onto到……之上；into到……里面；through穿过（从内部）；across横过。根据“thefloodwater”可知，是从洪水内部穿过，故选C。16．句意：否则，流动的水可以把车冲走。however然而；still仍然；instead代替；otherwise否则。根据“Wecan’tdothat,honey”和“themovingwatercouldwashthecaraway!”可知，不能那样做，否则车会被冲走，故选D。17．句意：爸爸和妈妈同时大喊。shouted大喊；whispered低声地说；moved移动；reported报道。根据“Don’topenthedoor!”和“Thewatermayfloodin!”可知，玛丽的行为会引起危险的后果，所以应是爸爸和妈妈大喊制止，故选A。18．句意：她温柔地说，尽力安慰玛丽。happily高兴地；softly温柔地；sadly伤心地；angrily生气地。根据“tryingherbesttocomfortMary”可知，是在安慰玛丽，所以应是温柔地说，故选B。19．句意：她的声音很平静，但玛丽看得出她也很担心。hear听见；think想；say说；tell看出。but表示转折，虽然妈妈声音很平静，但是玛丽还是可以看出妈妈的担心，故选D。20．句意：屋子里突然的寂静似乎使外面的风雨更加可怕。window窗户；disaster灾难；wind风；water水。根据上文“Thewindroaredandtherain”可知，此处指的是外面的风和雨，故选C。21．A22．C23．D【导语】本文是一则有关春夏秋冬的漫画。21．细节理解题。根据“Autumn”的内容“Howgorgeoustoseetheleaveschangecolour!”可知，树叶在秋天变色。故选A。22．推理判断题。根据“Spring”的内容“It’ssolovelytoseenewlifesproutingeverywhere!Afreshbeginningforhumansandanimalsalike．Loooove!!”可知，在春天，新生命四处萌芽，对人类和动物来说都是一个崭新的开始。作者用四个“o”来表达对春天的喜爱之情。故选C。23．推理判断题。根据“Summer”部分的漫画可知，漫画中的人物是一幅“害怕”的表情，结合常识，夏天非常炎热，所以选项D“每天都很热！别出去！”应符合夏天部分的漫画内容。故选D。24．B25．A26．A【导语】本文讲述了三个故事，分别是熊怎么丢掉了他的尾巴、海水为什么是咸的和闪电与雷声的故事。24．细节理解题。根据“Bear’stailhadfrozenintheiceduringthenight.”可知，熊把他的尾巴放入冰洞，当他睡着后尾巴冻结在冰层中了。故选B。25．细节理解题。根据“Itstillgrindssaltatthebottomoftheseatoday.”可知，海水是咸的是因为磨坊仍然在海底磨盐。故选A。26．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过三个故事解释为什么熊的尾巴是短的，海水是咸的以及闪电伴随雷声出现。故选A。27．C28．A29．C30．D【导语】本文主要介绍了音乐能帮助我们锻炼的原因及其运用。27．词义猜测题。根据“Whenwelistentoasongwelike,ourbrainpaysattentiontothemusic．Forexample,afterweexercisefor20minutes,ourbodymightbetired．Butwemaynotfeelthisimmediatelybecausewearelisteningtomusic．Soweexercisealittlelonger.”可知，音乐能使我们分心，所以distract意为“使分心”，与“takeourattentionaway”同义，故选C。28．推理判断题。根据“Whenweheardancemusic,forexample,wenaturallystarttomovetothebeat．Anupbeatsongalsoputsusinagoodmood,sowefeelhappier．Thisgivesusenergyandhelpsusexerciselonger.”可知，本段是说音乐可以激励我们，选项A“音乐也激励着我们”符合语境，故选A。29．细节理解题。根据文中“Usingthesemachines,eachgroupmademusicastheymoved.”及“Eachgroupwasmakingmusictogetherandhavingfun.”可知，它让人们在锻炼的同时一起创作音乐并享受乐趣，故选C。30．主旨大意题。根据“Musichelpsusexercise—butwhydoesithavethiseffect?”可知，本文主要介绍了音乐能帮助我们锻炼的原因，故选D。31．A32．B33．C34．C35．C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们太专注取得胜利的结果而不是过程，作者讲述自己做教练的经历，认为激励人更重要。31．细节理解题。根据第一段“Ihaveaquestionforallofus．Isallwinningsuccess?Winningisreally,reallyfun．ButIamheretosharemyidea:Winningdoesnotalwaysmeansuccess.”可知，作者通过提出一个问题来引入主题。故选A。32．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Wehavebecomesofocused(关注)onthatendresultinsteadoftheprocess,andwhenitisawin,usuallyhowwegotthereoftengetslittleattention.”可知，it指代的是endresult“最后的结果”。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据第五段“IfoundoutthatIneededtosupportourstudentplayersaswholehumanbeings,notjustplayerswhowon.”可知，作者意识到需要支持我们的学生运动员，不仅仅是在他们取得胜利的时候。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据第五段“IfoundoutthatIneededtosupportourstudentplayersaswholehumanbeings,notjustplayerswhowon.”可知，我意识到我需要支持我们的学生运动员，不仅仅是在他们取得胜利的时候，即使没有取得胜利也要尊重他们。故选C。35．篇章结构题。第一，二段提出问题，胜利是成功吗？第三，四和五段用作者的亲身经历重新定义成功。第六段总结，激励人更重要。36．mainly37．liveon38．dying39．smaller40．makinglaws【导语】本文介绍了老虎在自然界的作用，以及如今面临灭绝的处境。36．句意：老虎主要捕食鹿和野猪等动物。根据“huntforanimalssuchasdeerandwildpigs.”可知是主要以这些动物为食，备选词mainly“主要地”符合语境。故填mainly。37．句意：那么其他动物如果以这些植物为食就会面临严重的问题。根据“Withouttigers,theseanimalswouldeattoomanyplants.”可知，这些动物会吃掉太多的植物，那么后句指的其他以植物为食的动物就会面临严重的问题，备选词liveon“靠……过活”符合语境。故填liveon。38．句意：然而，老虎现在正处于完全灭绝的危险之中。根据“Thebiggestreasonisthebuyingandsellingoftigerbodypartsformoney.”可知指的是面临灭绝，dieout“灭绝”符合语境，设空处前是“indangerof”，备选词dying符合题意。故填dying。39．句意：另一个原因是因为荒地越来越小。根据“Anotherreasonisbecausewildlandsaregetting”可知指的是荒地变得越来越小，所以老虎没有生存的地方，备选词smaller“更小的”符合语境，故填smaller。40．句意：政府通过立法阻止老虎交易来保护老虎。根据“tostoptigerbusiness.”可知是通过立法来保护老虎，备选词makinglaws“制定法律”符合语境。故填makinglaws。41．totravel42．nearly43．natural44．reached45．(m)emories【导语】本文讲述了格雷格从阿拉斯加到阿根廷骑自行车旅行的故事。41．句意：格雷格的梦想是从阿拉斯加到阿根廷骑自行车旅行。根据“Gregg’sdreamwas...”可知，此句应用动词不定式做表语，表示格雷格的梦想是骑车从阿拉斯加到阿根廷旅行。故填totravel。42．句意：2005年，经过近四年的计划，他出发了。根据“fouryearsofplanning”可知，此句是说将近4年的计划。故填nearly。43．句意：他参观了现代城市和自然奇观。根据“Hevisited”可知，此句是说他参观了现代城市和自然奇观，应用形容词修饰名词“wonders”。故填natural。44．句意：2007年5月，两年之后，他穿越了12个国家，行程超过30500公里，终于到达了南美洲最南端的阿根廷乌斯怀亚。根据“InMay,2007”可知，此句用一般过去时。故填reached。45．句意：这是他一生中最美好的回忆之一。根据“inhislife”可知，此句是说他一生中最美好的回忆之一。memory“回忆”，可数名词，“oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”，故填(m)emories。46．(r)est47．(f)ear48．(d)iscussion49．(s)maller50．(M)oreover51．(b)ring52．(w)ithout53．(m)ay54．(t)aking55．(d)ifficult【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了暑假学校的优缺点，建议家长要确定暑假班是否适合学生。46．句意：对学生来说，在经过又长又困难的一年之后享受休息是很合理的。根据“afteralonganddifficultyear”和首字母可知，此处应用名词rest表达“休息”，其前有不定冠词a，应用其单数形式。故填(r)est。47．句意：但是越来越多的父母们害怕他们的孩子忘记大量知识，所以他们把他们的孩子送去暑假学校。根据“sotheysendtheirchildrentosummerschools”和首字母提示可知，此处应用动词fear表达“害怕”，本句是在陈述一般事实，应该用一般现在时，又因为主语parents是复数，故用动词原形。故填(f)ear。48．句意：在暑假学校，学生或许在一个更轻松的情境中学习并且能够想出有趣的话题来和他们的老师们讨论。根据“com