2021年6月四级押题卷(含听力及答案)-第二套(答案)

答案速对：PartIIListeningComprehension【SectionA】1-7：BB—AD—DAC【SectionB】8-15：ABCD—AADC【SectionA】26~30KEOLD【SectionB】36~40FCIJD答案详解：PartIWriting【参考范文】presentedwithtwomajorpathsthatpavethewayforfinalfulfillment,eithertowrackhisbrain,justlikewhathappenedtoNeutron,sitingformanyyearsunderanappletreeandeventuallyfiguringoutoneofthegreatestuniversalrulesthatgovernthewholeglobe,ortoseekforothers’wisdomthroughtheiradvice,justasinthecaseofBenjaminFranklin,Bothwayswork.Whenapracticalbetheprimealternative.goalisinvolved,however,BenjaminFranklinmaybestgatheringgreatmindsunderoneroofandthenestablishingamostworld-renownlibrary.beregardedasarolemodelinthisrespectandaskingpeopleforadviceoftenturnouttogreatlytoeffectivenessandefficiencyforagoal-accomplishment.Notallexperienceandlimitationsofmindandcapabilitiesofeachindividual.Asinglethoughtinsomeone’smindis,moreoftenthannot,farlessshiningcomparedwithgroup’swisdom.Thatexplainswhyteamworkincorporationishighlyemphasizedinthe21stcentury.eventheentireglobalvillage.Experienceandknowledgeborrowedorlearnedfromothers’advicecontributeAsknowledgeandexperienceserveastwintowersinproblem-solving,oneisoften【SectionC】46~50CABAC【SectionC】16-25：DBD—CBAB—ADCPartIIIReadingComprehension31~35GHCFN41~45KBEKH51~55CBDDAknowledgerelatedtoproblem-solvingcanbeobtainedbypersonaleffortaloneduetoexplainsthefamousoldsayingthatoneseesfurtherwhenstandingupontheshoulders’Brainstormandexchangeofideasbetweendifferentthoughtsneverfailtoenhancecapabilitiesofeachindividualinvolved,ateam,acompany,aninstitution,acountry,orAskingothers’adviceinsteadofgettingeverythingdoneonone’sownpromotesofpastgreatgiants;thatexplainswhyagreatleaderisalwayswithgreaterminds;thatalsodemocracyandcommunicationtoo.Intermsofdemocracy,itisnecessarytogiveothers1rightsandchancestospeaksincetheproblemmayconcernthemindifferentways,andIntermsofcommunication,ideaexchangesometimesfocusesmorethansolutions,andpersonalitiesofeachother.herebybettermutualunderstandingaboutperspectives,principles,practicalitiesandtheirsayinginturnreflectsourrespecttowardfreedomofspeechaswellastheirwisdom.andirresponsibledependence.Considerationupondifferentthoughtsandideasbroadensourmind,enlargesourvision,furthersunderstanding,enhancesmoreeffectiveandefficientbrainstorm,andstressesmutualrespectingroupsandcommunities,whichKennedy,brainstormed,thereislittlewecannotdowhiledivided,thereislittlewecando.PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionANewsReportOneundoubtedlygivesrisetobetter,ifnotthebestsolutions.AsisparaphrasedfromJohnFAdmittedlyturningtoothersforhelpandsuggestionbynomeansreferstoabsolutefastthatitcan'tbeseenbythenakedeyeofhumanbeings.ResearchersfromJapanandGermanyslowdownfootageofthebluesongbirdsduringcourtship.Here'soursciencereporterJonathanWeb.“Now,they'vediscoveredthattapdanceisinthecourseofcourtshipofbothmaleandfemalebluesongbirds.Thisisveryobviousintheprocessofbird'smateiscourtedbythesight,thesoundorthevibrationsofthisfancyfootwork.appreciatedinsuperslowmotion."That'sthelatestBBCnews.2.Whatshouldtheresearchersdonext?B)NewsReportTwoQuestions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.Whydoesthenakedeyeseldomseethedanceofthesongbirds?B)thesongbirdsexpressinglovetoeachother.(2)Thenextstepfortheresearchersistodiscovertherelationshipbetweencourtshipandthisfancyfootwork,suchaswhethertheSuchistheagilityofthesongbirds'show-stoppingquickstepthatcouldonlybefully(1)Scientistshavediscoveredthespeciesofsongbirdthatperformsatapdancesopovertyby2030unlessactionistakentopreventglobalwarming.Itsaysglobalwarming(3)TheWorldBankhaswarnedthat100millionmorepeoplewillbepushedintowillravagecropsandfuelthespreadofmalariaandotherdiseases.LauraBeccareportsfromWashington."TheWorldBanksaysthatclimatechangeisalreadyhavinganeffectonthepoorestpeoplewhowerestrugglingtoraisecropsinextremeweatherandlowrainfall.Theysaytheworld'spoorestreceivefewerresourcesandarewoefullyunpreparedtodeal2withfurtherClimateShockssuchasrisingseasorseveredrought.(4)They'recallingforSummitinParis.”moretobedonetohelpthoseinneedandtheywantworldleaderstoacttoreducecarbonemissions.ThatreporthadbeenreleasedjustafewweeksbeforeaUNClimateQuestions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.Whatwillmakemorepeoplebecomepoorby2030?A)4.Whatshouldworldleadersdo?D)NewsReportThreeIslandfollowingthedeathofarefugee.(5)AustralianmediasaythefightsstartedafteranSydney.“TheAustralianImmigrationMinistryhasconfirmedtherehavebeenwhatitsecurityguardsabandonedtheirpositionswithfencestorndownandfireslit.FazelcallsdisturbancesattheChristmasIslanddetentioncenter.TherearereportssomeThere'rereportsoffightsatanAustralianimmigrationdetentioncenteronChristmasargumentbetweenaprisonerandaguardaboutthedeath.JonDonnisonreportsfromChegeniwasfounddeadatthebottomofacliffafterheapparentlymanagedtoescapefromthecentreonFriday.(6)Around200shelter-seekersareheldonChristmasIslandwhichisoneofseveraloffshoredetentioncentersoperatedbyAustralia.(7)Thecountryhasbeenwidelycriticizedbyhumanrightsgroupsforitstreatmentoftheshelter-seekersreachAustraliashoresbyboat.”Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.Howdidthefightstakeplace?D)SectionB6.HowmanyrefugeesareheldonChristmasIsland?A)7.WhatisAustraliacriticizedfor?C)ConversationOnebutthegovernmentheresaysitstoughpoliceshaveworkedandstoppedpeopletryingtoM：Laura,whatareyoubusydoing?W：(8)I'mworkingonmyreportongenderdifferenceswiththeresultsofmysurvey.M：Oh?Whatarefindings?Aretherereallyalotofdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen?manythingssofastthattheygetlostinthemiddleoftheconversation.talksomuch?W：Youbetthereare.Forexample,(9)inalotofmen'sminds,womentendtobereallytalkativeandsomewoulddescribetheirwivesaschatterboxes.TheysaytheirwivessayM：Oh，dear.Thatstoobad.Butthatisonlymen'sfeelings.DoyoufindthatwomendoW：Well,italldepends.Actually,myresearchfindingsarethatmenandwomensimply3havedifferentwaysoftalking.(10)Mendothepublictalkingwellandwomenoftendotheprivatetalking.M：Sorry,Ilosetrackofyourwords.Privatetalking?What'sthat?stayindependentandmaintainstatusinthesocialorder.M：Isee.Mendohavehighersocialstatusthanwomen.America,therearefemaleSecretariesofState.W：Thatistosay,(10)formostwomen,thelanguageofconversationisprimarilyawayofestablishingconnectionsandrelationships.Butformostmen，talkisprimarilyameanstoW：Butnowadays,(11)moreandmorewomenaredoingbetterandbetterinthesociety.M：Butdoyoufeelthatmenandwomenareequallytreatedinthemodernsociety?andtheindustrialones.Butfortunately,thingsarechangingforthebetter.Questions8to11arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.8.Whatisthewomanbusydoing?A)9.Whatdomenthinkoftheirwivesingeneral?B)ConversationTwo10.Whatcanwelearnaboutpeople'swaysoftalking?C)Forexample,insomeLatinAmericancountries,therearefemaledefenseministersandinW：Accordingtomyresearch,therestillalotofinequalitiesinbothdevelopingcountries11.Whyarefemaledefenseministersmentionedintheconversation?D)M：Hi,Ruby,haveyouheardthatthereisgoingtobearobotshowatthemuseum?borrowyourcarthisSunday.M：OK.W：Yes.Andtheysaystudentscangethalf-pricetickets.Sam,areyouplanningtogo?W：Well,wouldyoupleasewaitjustamomentandletmecheckmyschedule?W：Well,(12)todayisFridayandTedwantstomeetwithmeonSunday,sothatwecangototherobotshow?Oryouwantittobeatripwithyourgirlfriendonly?priceisn'thigh.(13)Thatwillbemytreat.W：Ithinkit'sbetterifwegoDutch.talkaboutnextweek'sexperiment.ButIguessIcancallhimandputitofftothenextMonday.TheexperimentisonWednesday.Um,Sam,(15)doyoumindmejoiningyoutoM：Areyoukidding?OfcourseIdon'tmind.Bytheway,wecanhavelunchtogetherattheMexicorestaurantjustnexttothemuseum.IheardtheyhavereallynicefoodandtheM：(13)Idowanttopayforit.Iappreciateyourdrivingustothemuseum.Inthisweather,wewouldshakealloverifwehavetowaitforthebus.4M：Yes.(15)AndIhaveinvitedmygirlfriendtogowithme.(14)SoIwonderifIcouldW:yourAllright,then.(14)(15)I'llpickyouupat8：00Sundaymorning.Then,wecanpickupgirlfriendatabout8:20.W；Seeyou.M：Thankyou.SeeyouonSunday.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.WhatdidRubyplantodoonSunday?A)13.Whowillpayforthelunch?A)SectionC14.Whenwilltheygototherobotshow?D)PassageOne15.Howmanypeoplewillgototherobotshow?C)Tosomeit'sadreamjob-eatingdeliciousmealsforfreeandthenwritingaboutthem.Butforsomefoodcritics,theireyesaren'ttheonlythingthatgetswidewhenconsideryetanotherfeast,(16)becausethefoodcriticstendtogainweightandbecomefat.KarenFernau,afoodwriterforTheArizonaRepublic,saidwhenshefirststartedherjob,shebegantogainweight.“Ialwayslookedforwardtolunchbeforethisjob,thenallofasuddenlunchwasalldayeveryday,”shesays.Nineyearslater,keepingherweightsteadyandherhealthintactisadailybattle.(17)Ifsheknowsshewillbegoingtoatastingatabakeryoreatingafourcoursemeal,sheusuallyeatsfruitorsaladsthroughouttheday.Atonetastingsessionalone,shesays,upwardof1000caloriesisoftenaddedtoherday.That'sabouthalfoftherecommendedtotalcaloriesperdayfortheaverageadult.Buteventhroughshehasdevisedaspecialeatingmethod,Fernausaysstickingtoitisadailybattle.Andfoodeditors,writersandcriticsacrossthecountrycouldn'tagreemore.sincehestartedthejobtwoyearsago.Yonansaysherealizedearlythathewasgaininghisaerobictrainingthreetofivetimesaweek.Still,it'sastrugglethatmanyAmericanstogetthemfromsodasandfast-foodburgers.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.17.WhatisKarenFernau'swayofkeepingherweightsteady?B)18.WhatcanweknowaboutYonan'sjob?D)PassageTwo5(18)JoeYonan,afoodeditoratTheWashingtonPost,hasintensifiedhisexercisehabitsweightandpromptlyhiredapersonaltrainertomeetwiththreetimesaweek,ontopofmightenvy.Afterall,it'sonethingtogetyourcaloriesfromlobstertailsandquiteanother16.Whydoesthespeakersaythefoodcritics'eyesaren'ttheonlythingthatgetswide?D)whatyouthink.(19)Yearsofclinicalresearchprovesthattherealkeysarepleasure,joyandfreedom,notwillpowerandhardship.Joyoflivingissustainable;fearofdyingisnot.healthfully,exercise,quitsmoking,managestressbetter,andlovemore,theyfindthattheyfeelsomuchbetter.Soquickly,itreconstructsthereasonformakingthesechangesmechanismsthatcontrolourhealthandwell-beingare.(21)Whenyouexerciseandeatright,yourbrainreceivesmorebloodflowandoxygen,soyoubecomesmarter,thinkfromfearofdyingtojoyofliving.Fortunately,thelateststudiesshowhowpowerfulthemoreclearly,havemoreenergy,andneedlesssleep.(21)Yourfacereceivesmorebloodflow,soyourskinglowsmoreandwrinklesless.Youlookyoungerandmoreattractive.Inyourfacesoyouagemorequickly.Smokingacceleratesagingbecausenicotinecausesyourbloodvesselstobecomenarrower,whichdecreasesbloodflowtoyourfaceandcontrast,anunhealthydiet,lastingemotionalstressandsmokingreducebloodflowtomakesitwrinkleprematurely.Thisiswhysmokerslookyearsolderthantheyreallyare.youarestressed.Why?Becauselifeistobeenjoyed.There'snopointingivingupsomethingyouenjoyunlessyougetsomethingbackthat'sevenbetter,andquickly.(20)WhenpeopleeatmoreWhatreallyworkstomakesustainablechangesindietandlifestyle?It'sprobablynotOneofthemostinterestingfindingswasthatthemothers'perceptionofstresswasmoreQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.20.Whichofthefollowingpracticescanmakepeoplefeelbetter?B)22.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?B)PassageThreeimportantthanwasobjectivelyoccurringintheirlives.Inotherwords,ifyoufeelstressed,19.Whicharethekeystosustainablechangesindietandlifestyle?C)21.What'sthebenefitofexercisingandeatingrightaccordingtothepassage?A)(23)Atnoothertimeinrecenthistoryhasitbeeneasierorcheapertostartanewkindofcompany,possiblyaveryprofitablecompany.Let'scallthesenewcompaniesLILOs,for“alittlein,alotout."Theseareweb-basedbusinessesthatcostalmostnothingtogetoffthegroundyetcanturnintogreatmoneymakers.Howdoyougetstarted?Allthat'syou'ddobestifyourideaeithermakespeoplemoneyorsavesthemmoney.Andlaunchingnowwillmakeyourcompanystrongerlater—you'lllearntosurviveonfumesinSanFranciscoandwritesreviewsforabusinessmagazine.(24)Taymanknewlittleuntiltheeconomyimproves.That'swhatJohnTaymanisdoing.He'sanauthorwholivesabouttechnologyandevenlessaboutbusiness.Andyethedreamedofawebsitethat6requiredisagreatideaforaproductthatwillfillaneedinthe21stcentury.Thesedayswouldsummarizecarreviewsfromothersourcesandrankeverymodelofnewcar.Taymansaidheintendedtobuildthesiteonthesidewhilecontinuingtowriteforaliving.He'dworkonhisnewcompanyonlyatnightandonweekends.(24)Andhehadonlyabout$10000.Taymanwenttoworkwithnothingmorethanhislaptop,ahyper-organizedfellow.Hequicklydiscoveredabunchoffreestuffonline-instructionalmanualsandsitesthatwalkyouthroughtheprocessfromstarttofinish.(25)Withinmonths,Taymanhadavirtualstaffof20employeesworkingforhiminfivedifferentcountries.MotorM000peoplevisiteachweek.wentliveinJanuary.Taymanfigureshehasworkedabouttenhoursaweekonitandhasn'tspentacentonmarketingoradvertising.Growthismodestbutsteady-nearly10Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejusthead.23.Whataretheadvantagesofstartinganewbusinessnow?A)24.WhatdidTaymanhavewhenhestartedhisbusiness?D)PartⅢReadingComprehensionSectionA26.K27.E【精析】【精析】25.WhatcanwelearnaboutTayman'swebsitefromthepassage?C)动词辨析题。根据句子成分分析可知，空格处应填入动词。根据上下文，句子形容词词辨析题。由分析整句句子可知，空格处为表语成分，可填入名词和形中主语they指代上句中democrats，BlumenauerandConyers。可推断出这里的bill意为法案。结合备选动词原形可以推断出，introduce“引进，介绍”符合题意，故为答案。容词。结合后面介词on，我们可以推断出这里应该填入形容词。本句大意为：这个月上旬，他们们的授粉。结合备选项可以推断出,dependent“有赖于的”符合题意，故为答案。28.O【精析】引入一部法案，旨在拯救大量濒危的蜜蜂，不是因为他们可爱毛茸茸，而是因为大量食物依赖于他句谓语动词状态成伴随，所以空格处填入非谓语动词，引导伴随状语。蜜蜂对花粉做出的动作为主意,故为答案。29.L30.D【精析】【精析】动词辨析题。纵观整个句子，句子成分不存在缺失。空格处所在短语状态与主动形式，所以这里为动词的ing形式。结合备选项可以推断出，transferring“传递，传播”符合题forth意为成长，则空格处所填入词也应为成长、繁殖等单词。结合备选项,multiply“繁殖，增长”符合题意，故为答案。词。结合句意，如今蜜蜂正在以一个飞快的速度死去，让人十分震惊。结合备选项可以推断出，currently“目前、一般地”符合题意，故为答案。副词辨析题。结合句子结构分析可知，全句不缺乏重要成分。空格处应填入副动词辨析题。And前后单词词性一致且词义相近，所以空格处应填入动词。Go731.Gcollapsedisorder进行解释。科学家预测这场灾难会造成农作物歉收。结合备选项可以推断出failure“失败，减产”符合题意，故为答案。32.H33.C34.F【精析】【精析】【精析】【精析】故为答案。【精析】名词辨析题。空格处所在句子为which引导定语从句，对前句的colony动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，空格处与have构成现在完成时，作为后置定名词辨析题。根据句意，科学家已经确认的一个明显的原因是是一种名为尼古。则空格处应填入表区域的名词。结合备选名词辨析题。空格处所在句大意为上个月在波兰郊区，超过5万只大黄蜂受到语修饰reason。空格处应填入动词的过去分词。结合备选项，identified”确认、鉴定”符合题意，丁类化合物特殊的杀虫剂广泛用于作物在整个项，continent“大洲”符合题意，故为答案。“暴露在，受到”符合题意，故为答案。35.N意，故为答案。SectionB一个杀虫剂的直接侵害，死在一个停车场。结合后接介词to，再结合备选项可以推断出，exposure空格处可填入修饰bill的形容词。结合备选项可以推断出，temporary“临时的，暂时的”符合题36.【译文】与尼安德特人相比，现代人具有能够创造记忆和回忆它们的特点。F）【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到，尼安德特人能够接受外界的刺激——颜色、声音、气味——但组织和获取这些信息的方式有限。现代人的自我意识，不仅是制造记忆的能力，而且是回忆的能力。故本题答案为F）。【定位】由题干中的relymoreontechnology定位到文章C）段首句。37.【译文】马龙在他的书中写道，人类越来越依赖技术而不是头脑。越来越少。题干是对这里的同义转述，故本题答案为C）。【定位】由题干中的Neanderthals定位到文章F）段最后一句。形容词辨析题。他和康耶斯提出的法案将禁止所有这类杀虫剂。分析句子结构，C）【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，然而，人类越来越依赖数码相机，而对我们自己的思想却38.【译文】古罗马人有一门学科，叫做记忆艺术，他们尊重非凡的记忆行为。I）【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，古罗马人甚至有一门叫做“记忆艺术”的学科。题干是对39.【译文】马龙写道，现在一个人获取和分析知识的技能比对知识的所有权更重要。两句。原句的同义转述，故本题答案为I）。【定位】由题干中的one'sskillataccessingandanalyzingknowledge定位到文章J）段最后【定位】由题干中的TheancientRomans定位到文章I）段首句。J）【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，马龙认为现在重要的不是知识的所有权，而是获取和分析40.【译文】马龙没有讨论技术进步的更深刻的哲学影响。8知识的技能。题干是对原文的同义转述，故本题答案为J）。D）【精析】细节归纳题。定位句中but表否定，说明回避了更深层次的哲学问题。和题干意思相41.【译文】如果我们过于依赖电子设备和互联网，我们可能会有一个更像尼安德特人的世界，而不是更接近一个高科技的理想化的未来。段第四句。【定位】由题干中的TheFrenchcuisine,uniquemusicandfamousartisans定位到文章K）K)【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到，我们所有的记忆都存储在电子设备上，我们所有的答案都可以通过谷歌搜索得到，这样的世界更接近穴居人，而不是高科技、理想化的未来。题干是对原文的总结归纳故本题答案为K）。【定位】由题干中的eraseourmemories定位到文章B）段第二句。题干是对定位句的转述，故本题答案为B）。42.【译文】我们不能自动删除我们的记忆，这有优点也有缺点。同，故本题答案为D）。【定位】由题干中的deeperphilosophicalimplications定位到文章D）段第三句。B）【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，我们不能自动抹去记忆，这既是一种福气，也是一种诅咒。43.【译文】瑜伽课程中“活在当下”的教导很难实现，因为人类拥有过去的记忆。E）【精析】细节归纳题。定位句大意为“活在当下”是如今我们在瑜伽课上经常听到的一个指令，但对人类来说，我们融入和摆脱过去的能力让生活既有趣又困难。我们无法完全忘记过去，对应了题干。故本题答案为E）。【定位】由题干中的sophisticatedandpersonalizedbrains定位到文章K）段首句。44.【译文】因为我们人类有复杂和个性化的大脑，所以我们有自我的概念。【定位】由题干中的liveinthemoment定位到文章E）段最后一句。K）【精析】细节归纳题。定位句人类有自我的概念，一个专属于我们的主观世界，这要归功于我45.【译文】亚历山大图书馆是一个很好的例证，以表明人们对记忆进行编目的愿望。H）【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到，亚历山大图书馆就是一个例子，人们渴望将共同的记忆编SectionC目，并将其安全地置于他们短暂的身体之外。故本题答案为H）。PassageOne【定位】由题干中的TheLibraryofAlexandria定位到文章H）段最后一句。和总结，故本题答案为K）。们高度复杂和个性化的大脑，马龙将其比作“一棵树的根和树枝”。题干是对定位进行了归纳46.【定位】由题干中的thesecondparagraph定位到第二段首句。思一致，故答案为C）。C）【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，《今日美国》对美国教育部最新公布的数据进行分析后发现，以在线教学为主的四所大型大学已迅速成为美国最大的教育学校。这与选项C）所述的意47.【定位】由题干中的theUniversityofPhoenix定位到文章第三段。9A）【精析】推理判断题。定位段指出，联邦政府数据显示，10年前，也就是2009年，营利性大发了72个教育学位。去年，它颁发了近6000个学位，比其他任何大学都多