高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(06)讲义

一、说明文（用时6mins）①ThelegalagetodriveacarintheUnitedStatesis16.Gettingadriver^licenseonthedayyouturn16haslongbeenamajorlifeeventformanyyoungpeopleinAmerica.Butinterestindrivingamongtoday'steenagershasdroppedsharplyoverthepastdecades.②In1983,80percentof18yearoldsinAmericahadadriver?slicense・By2018,thatnumberhaddroppedto61percent.Among16yearolds,thenumberdecreasedfrom46percentin1983to25percentin2018.ThosenumbersefromtheUSFederalHighwayAdministration.ThisdropininterestindrivingbeganwiththemillennialgenerationandhascontinuedwithGenerationZ.③Youngpeoplesaytheyhavemanyreasonsfordelayingoravoidinggettingadriverslicense.Somechoosemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationchoices.OthersfinddrivingstressfulAndsomesimplydonotcareaboutcarsatall.④CelesteRobinsonisahighschoolstudentwholivesinBoston,Massachusetts.Shedependsonfriendswithcarsorpublictransportationtogetaround.Shedescribesherselfasaworriedpersonanddoesnotliketodrive.Ihavetrieditanditjustfeelsveryhard/，RobinsontoldTheAssociatedPress.“AndIdolovepublictransportation,soIplanthingsinadvanceandmakesureIcangetatrainthere.”⑤SixteenyearoldKatWilsonisfromNewJersey.Herfatherracescarsatlocalpetitions.Butshehasnointerestindriving."Ihatecars.Idoifttrustpeopledrivingthem,especiallyinNewJersey。⑥Wilsonsaid・“Iseealotofaccidents,andit’sscary.”⑦CarmakerswanttomaketheirvehiclesmoreappealingtoyoungpeoplelikeWilsonandRobinson.Theyseektomakecarsmoreinterestingtoagenerationraisedontechnology.1.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicsentence?A.Byanalyzingreasons.B.Bydoingexperiments.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byusingexactfigures.2.WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofdriving?A.Frightening.B.Demanding.C.HelpfulD.Acceptable.3.WhichprobablyhasthegreatesteffectonWilson^sattitudetodriving?A.Herfather’scareer.B.Herbirthplace.C.Herexperience.D.Hercaraccidents.4.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Waystomakedrivingattractivetoteens.B.Examplesofyoungpeopledloveforcars.C.Measurestakenbycarmakerstomakesafecars.D.Reasonswhyteensareuninterestedindriving.【五步法解题】1.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicsentence?2.WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofdriving?3.WhichprobablyhasthegreatesteffectonWilson^sattitudetodriving?4.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?4.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Waystomakedrivingattractivetoteens.B.Examplesofyoungpeopledloveforcars.C.Measurestakenbycarmakerstomakesafecars.D.Reasonswhyteensareuninterestedindriving.根据题干主题词归纳，w先生因为什么事情所以不学车，后来又因为什么产生转变，这个转变方向一般都是好的，不然怎么称greatest所以推导是由不好变好，从第一篇老师的带练，文章所说的转变都是由不好变好。这是一个社会主义核心价值观的体现。所以这个转变一定是存在外力的引导。D选项排除，同时不存在热爱，是一个转变所以B选项排除，不涉及汽车制造商，C选项排除。最后A选项当选2.WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofdriving?A.Frightening.B.Demanding.（要求高=hard）C.HelpfulD.Acceptable.这题需要回文定位。首先排除正向选项，因为不符合主旨，剩下AB选项。根据题干定位到第四段Shedescribesherselfasaworriedpersonanddoesnotliketodrive.Ihavetrieditanditjustfeelsveryhard/，RobinsontoldTheAssociatedPress.1.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicsentence?A.Byanalyzingreasons.B.Bydoingexperiments.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byusingexactfigures.这题需要回文定位，很明显吧，不用解释，还是那句话第一句话找不到答案，看下文②In1983,80percentof18yearoldsinAmericahadadriver?slicense・By2018,thatnumberhaddroppedto61percent.Among16yearolds,thenumberdecreasedfrom46percentin1983to25percentin2018.ThosenumbersefromtheUSFederalHighwayAdministration.ThisdropininterestindrivingbeganwiththemillennialgenerationandhascontinuedwithGenerationZ.3.WhichprobablyhasthegreatesteffectonWilson^sattitudetodriving?A.Herfather’scareer.B.Herbirthplace.C.Herexperience.D.Hercaraccidents.这题需要回文定位，定位到第六段。⑥Wilsonsaid・“Iseealotofaccidents,andit’sscary.”凡是做带有人物的题目必须要对人物进行圈画，特别是出现2个以及2个以上的人物，最好拿不同的颜色荧光笔进行圈画。①ThelegalagetodriveacarintheUnitedStatesis16.Gettingadriver^licenseonthedayyouturn16haslongbeenamajorlifeeventformanyyoungpeopleinAmerica.Butinterestindrivingamongtoday'steenagershasdroppedsharplyoverthepastdecades.②In1983,80percentof18yearoldsinAmericahadadriver?slicense・By2018,thatnumberhaddroppedto61percent.Among16yearolds,thenumberdecreasedfrom46percentin1983to25percentin2018.ThosenumbersefromtheUSFederalHighwayAdministration.ThisdropininterestindrivingbeganwiththemillennialgenerationandhascontinuedwithGenerationZ.③Youngpeoplesaytheyhavemanyreasonsfordelayingoravoidinggettingadriverslicense.Somechoosemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationchoices.OthersfinddrivingstressfulAndsomesimplydonotcareaboutcarsatall.④CelesteRobinsonisahighschoolstudentwholivesinBoston,Massachusetts.Shedependsonfriendswithcarsorpublictransportationtogetaround.Shedescribesherselfasaworriedpersonanddoesnotliketodrive.Ihavetrieditanditjustfeelsveryhard/，RobinsontoldTheAssociatedPress.“AndIdolovepublictransportation,soIplanthingsinadvanceandmakesureIcangetatrainthere.”⑤SixteenyearoldKatWilsonisfromNewJersey.Herfatherracescarsatlocalpetitions.Butshehasnointerestindriving."Ihatecars.Idoifttrustpeopledrivingthem,especiallyinNewJersey。⑥Wilsonsaid・“Iseealotofaccidents,andit’sscary.”⑦CarmakerswanttomaketheirvehiclesmoreappealingtoyoungpeoplelikeWilsonandRobinson.Theyseektomakecarsmoreinterestingtoagenerationraisedontechnology.说明文（用时712mins）①Newresearchsuggeststhatjustbetween1970and2017,invasivespeciescosttheworldatleast$1.28trillion.Invasivespeciescanwreakhavoconecosystems.Theseorganismssettleintoandcauseharminplaceswheretheyaren?tnative.Forexamplemosquitoesspreaddiseases.Catskillbirdsandsomemammals.②Manyinsectschewupcropsorkilltrees.Suchdamagecanbeverycostly.Soismanagingthemayhem（混乱）theycause.③Byestimatingtheglobalcost,wehopedtoraiseawarenessoftheissue，"BorisLeroytellsScienceNews・Abiogeographer,Leroy,studieshowlives,suchasplantsandanimals,spreadacrossregions.HeworksattheFrenchNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryinParis.Researchershavestudiedinvasivespeciesfordecadeshesays.Butmanypeopleremainunawareoftheproblemstheseecobulliescause.④Leroyandhisteamsetouttocalculatethatcost.Theyscouredresearchpapersforestimatedcostsofspecificinvasions.Theycollected1319studiestoanalyze.Tofindlongtermtrendsincostsofinvasions，theresearchersusedaputermodel.Itletthemaccountforcurrenciesusedindifferentcountriesandhowthevalueofmoneychangedovertime.⑤Thenewstudyexaminedcostsofdealingwithdamageplusthecostofmanagingthe12species.Damagecontrolcostabout$892billion.That's13timesmorethanthe$66billionspentonsucheffortsasoustinginvadersorcontrollingtheirspread.Thetotalyearlycostofinvasivecreaturesdoubledroughlyeverysixyearsbetween1970and2017.⑥Thenewresultsarelikelyanunderestimate・That^sbecauseresearchoninvasivespeciesdoesn’tcapturethewholeproblem.ForinstancemorereportsfocusonNorthAmericaandEuropethanonwhat，shappeninginSouthAmericaorAfrica.HoweverRoy，anecologistnotesthestudydoesshowthatinvasivespeciesareamassiveproblemthat，sgettingworse.1.Whydidresearchersassesstheglobalcostinvasivespeciescaused?A.Tomakepeoplepayattentiontotheproblem.B.Tofindlongtermtrendsincostsofinvasions.C.Tofindoutwaysofremovinginvasivespecies.D.Toreducethecostofmanaginginvasivespecies.2.Howdoestheauthorstatetheresultsofthestudy?A.Byanalyzingthereason.B.Byparingdifferences.C.Bylistingrelatedstatistics.D.Bygivingdetailedexamples.3.What’sRoy，sattitudetowardthenewstudy?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous. D・Disapproving.4Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?A.Itwascarriedoutbyanecologist・B.Itjusttestedthecostofsolvingdamage.C.Itmisleadspeopledawarenessoftheissue.D.Itdoesn’tcoverallpartsoftheissue【五步法】串联题干Whydidresearchersassesstheglobalcostinvasivespeciescaused?Howdoestheauthorstatetheresultsofthestudy?What’sRoy’sattitudetowardthenewstudy?Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?4Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?A.Itwascarriedoutbyanecologist（不合理！过于笼统的描述！）B.Itjusttestedthecostofsolvingdamage.（不合理！just太狭隘，不选！）C.Itmisleadspeopledawarenessoftheissue.（不合理！主题词没有涉及人们意识）D.Itdoesn’tcoverallpartsoftheissue3.What’sRoy，sattitudetowardthenewstudy?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous. D・Disapproving.覆盖面不全，负向态度，B选项当选1.Whydidresear