开封市2024届高三年级第二次质量检测（二模）英语试卷（含答案）

开封市2024届高三年级第二次质量检测英语 2024.03本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂(选择题)或用黑色签字笔写(非选择题)在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。2.答卷前，务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathappenstothespeakers?A.Theyhaveacaraccident.B.Theyarestuckintraffic.C.Theyquarrelwiththeirdaughter.2.Howdoesthemansound?A.Regretful.B.Pleased.C.Nervous.3.Whatdoesthemancongratulatethewomanon?A.Herpromotionatwork.B.Herachievementinsales.C.Herperformanceataconcert.4.WhenwillMary'sfirstclassstart?A.At8:00.B.At8:15.C.At8:30.5.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?Page1of13A.Livealoneneartheworkplace.B.Choosethehouseinthesuburb.C.Shareanapartmentwithothers.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidthemandoonFriday?A.Hewentswimming.B.Hegaveabiologylesson.C.Heworkedonhisproject.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ATVprogram.B.Aweekendplan.C.Abasketballgame.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inafactory.C.Inanoffice.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Havingarest.B.Testingproducts.C.Improvingquality.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Jogging.B.Cookingdinner.C.Preparingareport.11.Whydidthewomanskiplunchtoday?A.Shehadastomachache.B.Shewantedtoloseweight.C.Shewasbusyonthephone.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Motherandson.C.Brotherandsister.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Windy.14.Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeduringthedaytomorrow?A.-7°C.B.-10°C.C.-13°C.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?Page2of13A.Readnovels.B.Gooutside.C.Drawpictures.16.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Chargehiscellphone.B.Wearapairofthickgloves.C.Tumontheairconditioner.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthespeakerprobablylikewhenhewasyounger?A.Beer.B.Wine.C.Whiskey.18.WhatisthepercentageofalcoholinWhiskey?A.About11%.B.About14%.C.About40%.19.Whichplaceisfamousforwineaccordingtothespeaker?A.Scotland.B.Spain.C.Ireland.20.Whatdoesthespeakermeanatlast?A.Wineofgoodqualitycostsalotofmoney.B.Drinkingtoomuchwineisharmfultohealth.C.Wineshouldn'tbeassociatedwithsocialstatus.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreyoulookingtobridgethegapbetweenlifestyleandhealth,andstartthepositivejourneyoflivinglongerandbetter?Ifso,thenGoldstercanhelp.Ourfriendlycommunityembracesthechallenges,thetriumphs,andtheaspirationsofageing,throughliveonlineclassesforalllevelsofabilities.Classesarescience-backed,hostedbyindustry-leadingexpertsanddesignedfortheover50s.Withupto20liveclassesdaily,there'salwayssomethingtoenjoy,fromPilatesandTaiChitoResistanceTrainingandDance-thereareevenfitnessclassessuitableforalllevelsifyoufancysomethinga-littlemoreenergetic.Orifyouprefer,craftyourcreativitywithCreativeWriting,PoetryandArtandsharpenyourcognitionwithBrainTrainingclassesandourhighlyacclaimedbookclub.Page3of13Youcanevencapturesomecalmandmeltintosome-meditation(冥想),mindfulnessandself-massagewithclassesthathelptoinviteapeacefulnight'ssleep.Joinforfreenowandreceive:·5freeliveand5freeon-demandclasses,withfullaccesstodailyliveclassesandrecordings·Adaily-emailwithclassjoininglinks·TheMagazinefullofweeklyhealthandwellbeingarticles·ExclusiveonlineeventsSimplylogontohttp://promo.goldster.co.uk/rd5toclaimyourfivefreeclassesorscantheQRcodealthebottomofthepage.Sowhynotchoosetofeelbelter?Joinnowandkeepactive,healthy,andsociallyconnectedwithGoldsler.21.Whoisanintendedreaderofthistext?A.Ayoungladywhoisplanningtoloseweight.B.Ateenagerwhoisinterestedinonlinecourses.C.Amaninhislate30swhowantstoliveahealthylife.D.Anelderlywomanwhoseekstolivelongerandbetter.22.WhichisNOTincludedinGoldster'sclasses?A.Flowerarrangement.B.Fitnesstraining.C.Sleepimprovement.D.Writingpractice.23.Whatisthetypeofthistext?A.Ahealthreport.B.Anadvertisement.C.Anannouncement.D.Anintroduction.BDespiteanever-higherbartograbtheattentionofstudentsinlargelecturehall,TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysicsatTexasA&MUniversity,hasmanagedtogetherstudents,aswellasfuturegenerations,excitedaboutthescience,Knownas"Dr.Tatiana".theprofessorperformsphysicstrickswithboundlessenergyandenthusiasminhervideos.Arangeofeverydayobjectsareusedinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertomarshmallows.bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.Videosofherdramaticdemonstrationshavereceivedhundredsofmillionsofviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.Page4of13However,thingsaren'talwayseasy.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassestwodecadesago,shealsostruggledtograbtheattentionofherstudents."Ididnotgrabtheirattentiononthefirstday-thatwasmymistake."shesays."Imissedthisopportunitytobondwiththemfromtheverybeginning,andthenittookmeawhiletofindmyvoice."Bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,adjustingherapproachtogetherstudentsengaged.Thekey,shesays,hasbeentomakeherselfapproachableandherinstructionpersonal.And,ofcourse,addshowydemonstrations."Thesedemonstrationsoftenhelpstudentstoconnecttheseabstractconceptswithreallife.”shesays.PhysicsdepartmentheadGrigoryRogachevsaysErukhimova'sworkhashelpedbringvisibilitytothedepartment,withabout2.5millionsubscribersonitsdepartment'sYouTubepage,whichhastranslatedtoaboostinresearchfundsandphysicsmajorapplicants.AsaleaderinaSTEMfieldinwhichwomenareunderrepresented,she'sbecomearolemodelforsome.AfiyaDhananiattendedTexasA&MUniversityafterseeingErukhimova'svideosonline."WatchingDr.Tatianadotheexperimentsonline,especiallysinceshewasafemaleleader.Wasmoreinspiringformetoevengointophysics."DhananisaidinaninterviewwithCBSMornings.That'sallErakhimovasaysshecanhopefor-makingphysicslessforbidding.andmoreexciting.24.WhatdoesErukhimova'sonlinevideosfeature?A.Rarematerials.B.Energeticpresentation.C.Plaindemonstration.D.Professionalexplanation.25.WhichsayingexplainsErukhimova'sinitialfailuretograbstudents'attention20yearsago?A.Allthatglittersisnotgold.B.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C.Firstimpressionsaremakeorbreak.D.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.26.HowdoesErukhimova'sworkcontributetothephysicsdepartment?A.Itleadsmorestudentstochangetheirmajors.B.Itmakesmorepeopletoknowaboutthedepartment.C.Ithelpsthedepartmenttranslatemoreresearchpapers.D.Itattractsmorephysicsprofessorstojointhedepartment.27.WhichwordbestdescribesErukhimovaasaleaderinaSTEMfield?A.Inspirational.B.Underestimated.C.Cooperative.D.Ambitious.Page5of13CThetasteofchampagneasweknowitcouldchangebeyondrecognitioninthecomingyears.Asglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise,theclimatecrisisposesathreattotheproductionofwine.ThesupplyofChardonnay,PinotNoirandPinotMeunier,amongotherpopularwine-makinggrapes,areatrisk.By2050,about85%ofthelandsthatwegrowgoodwinegrapesonwillnolongerproducesuitablewinegrapes.Grapesaresusceptibletoeventhemostsubtlechangesinweather."Wineiskindofthecanary(金丝雀)inthecoalmineforclimatechangeimpactsonagriculturebecausesomuchofthecharacterofwineistiedtothelocalclimate.saidBenjaminCook,aclimatescientist.Hepublishedapaperin2020examiningtheeffectsofclimatechangeonagricultureandhowthediversityofgrapescanincreasetheirresiliencetosuchchanges.Headdsthatscientistsare"seeingprettymuchallplants,includingwinegrapevines,starttheirlifecycleinthegrowingseasonearlier,andoftenfinishupearlier.Youbasicallyripenyourfruitearlierandtypicallyyouharvestearlier.IntheChampagneregionofFrance,thesechangescanalterthedistinctivepersonalitiesofgrapesgrownthere."Ifitmaturestooquickly,theratioofacidityandsugarmightbedifferent."Cooksaid.Agrape'squalitiesaredependentonitsenvironment.Withawarmingplanet,it'shardertoproducegrapesthatmakechampagnetastesweeterandboozier(酒精浓度高的)."Forinstance,inachardonnaygrape,whatyou'relookingforinacoolerclimateisgenerallyanappletaste,whereasinawarmerclimatethewarmthcanchangethegrapesqualitiestobemorelikeatropicalfruit,orevenbanana-like."saidSpiess.Oneofthemanywaysfarmersandwinemakersaretryingtoalleviatetheeffectsofclimatechangeongrapeproductionissiteselection."PlaceslikeBelgiumandtheNetherlandsandSweden,they'reexperiencingpositiveeffectsofclimatechangeastheplanetiswarming.Spiesssaid.Asdifferentregionsintheworldexperiencetheeffectsofclimatechangedifferently,theymaystarttohavemoreidealclimateconditionsforwinemaking.ThedownsideforthoseSwedishwinemakers?Ifthosechampagnegrapesaren'tgrownintheChampagneregionofFrance,youcan'tcallitchampagne,whichisaprotecteddesignationoforigin.Sohowdoyousay"bubbly"inSwedish?28.Howdoestheclimatechangethreatentheproductionofwine?A.Byincreasingthediversityofgrapes.Page6of13Hereisanexampleofoversimplification:Schoolviolencehasgoneupandacademicperformancehasgonedownsincevideogamesfeaturingviolencewereintroduced.Therefore,videogameswithviolenceshouldbebanned,resultinginschoolimprovement.Thisargumentexhibitsoversimplificationbecauseitassumesproblemsinschools(increasingviolence,decreasingacademicperformancecanbeattributedtoasinglecause:thetimeyoungpeoplespendplayingvideogamesthatfeatureviolence.Variousotherfactors,includingsocialandeconomicconditionsthatmaycontributetoachild'smentalhealth,areignored.Relatedtothefallacyofoversimplificationisthefallacyofexaggeration-multiplyingacoupleofcausesintomany.32.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?A.Thecausesofoversimplification.B.Theimpactofoversimplification.C.Thedefinitionofoversimplification.D.Thecharacteristicsofoversimplification.33.HowdowriterscommitoversimplificationwhencreatinganargumentbasedonOccam's-Razor?A.Theyconsideranissuetobecomplicated.B.Theylookatanissuefromdifferentangles.C.Theybelievethesimplestexplanationislikelytrue.D.Theyhaveabsolutetrustinthesimplestexplanation.34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisanexampleofoversimplification?A.Thenation'slackofmoralstandardsiscausedbymultiplefactors.B.Thelatestcurrencypolicytakesfullblameforthedecliningeconomy.C.Shewassavedbecauseofthesealbeltaswellasdoctors'timelysaving.D.Theproblemofeducationnotjustliesinteachers'failureofdoingtheirjobs.35.Whatmighttheauthordiscussintheparagraphsthatfollow?A.Waystoavoidoversimplification.B.Moreexamplesofoversimplification.C.Causesandexamplesofexaggeration.D.Thedistinctionbetweenexaggerationandoversimplification.Page8of13B.Byincreasingthecostofwinemaking.C.Byintensifythecompetitionbetweenwinemakers.D.Byreducingtheproductionofsuitablewine-makinggrapes.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"susceptible"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive.B.Resistant.C.Adaptable.D.Tolerant.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thelifecycleofwinegrapevinesisbecominglonger.B.Achardonnaygrapemaytastelikebananaincoolerclimate.C.Grapes'ratioofacidityandsugarinfluenceschampagne'staste.D.WinemakinginSwedenfacesthesamechallengeasthatinFrance.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Willchampagnebecomesweeter?B.Whyischampagnecalledchampagne?C.CouldChampagnesoonstopproducingchampagne?D.Whatimpactdoesclimatechangehaveonagriculture?DAfallacyisanerrorinreasoningbasedonopinion,misunderstanding,orintentionalmisdirectionthatmakesanargumentinvalid.Commoncausation(因果关系)fallaciesincludethoseofoversimplificationandexaggeration,whichoccurwhenactual'causesofaneventarereducedtothepointwhereconnectionsbetweencausesandeffectsareblurredorburied.Oversimplificationiscommon,whichmeansreducingmultiplecausestojustoneorafew.Well-intentionedwritersandspeakerscanfallintothetrapofoversimplificationifnotcareful.Onemotivationforsimplificationisthebasicadvicegiventowriters:Don'tgetstuckindetails.Intheprocess,however,awritercanleaveouttoomanydetails,evencriticalinformation.AnothercontributingfactortooversimplificationistheoveruseofanimportanttoolincriticalthinkingcalledOceam'sRazor,aprinciplethatstatesthatthesimplestexplanationthatfitsthedataisthepreferableone.Theproblemisthatthesimplestexplanationmightnotalwaysbetheright-one.AwritercreatinganargumentcanassumethatbasedonOccam'sRazor,thesimplestexplanationislikelytrue,buttheymustnotassumethatisalwaysthecase.Theymustlookatallanglesandcomplexitiesofanissuebeforesettlingonthesimplestexplanation.Page7of13第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendsareincrediblyimportantpeopleinourlives.Somearewithusfordecades.36Herearesometipstorememberifyou'reprocessingthelossofafriend.Sometimesthingsjustdon'tworkout.37Infact,people,onaverage,loseabouthalfoftheirfriendseverysevenyears.Oneofthemostcommonreasonsthoserelationshipsendisthattheyjustfellthroughthecracks.Thingsdidn'tworkout.Nobodyreallywantedthefriendshiptoend,butpeoplegotbusyanddidn'tintentionallymaintainthefriendship.Maketheunsaidsaid.Sometimes,infriendship,peopledon'tmaketheunsaidsaid.38Andbecausethey'reneverdirectlyaddressed,peoplegettoapointwheretheywanttoendthefriendshipbeforeactuallyaddressingtheproblem.Actually,iftheyhadintervenedsooner,theymighthavebeenabletosavethefriendship.It'snormaltofeelgrief.Whenafriendshipends,thereisagrievingprocess.Allowyourselftofeelthoseemotionsandbepatient.Insteadofpushingyourselftocheerup,trythinkinglikethis,"OfcourseI'mupset.Thisisanaturalpartofintimacy(亲密关系)andloss.IlostsomeoneI'mverycloseto.3940It'simportantnottoblameyourselfandbemeantoyourselffornotgettingoverthelossofafriendship.Justbecausethishappenedlikethisdoesn'tmeanmorefriendshipswillhappenlikethis.Allowyourselftohaveafreshperspectivewhenyouenternewfriendships.Youdon'twanttogointoanewconnectionfearfully.A.ThatmeansIlovethemdeeply.B.Bekindtoyourselfalongtheway.C.Findwaystoenteranewfriendship.D.Smallthingscankindofaccumulate.E.Losingfriendsisaregularpartoflife.F.Butnotallofthemcanstandthetestoftime.G.Whenaclosefriendshipends,thereasonsarecomplicated.Page9of13第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AsGonzaleswas41tothemartialartsgymwherehetrained,hesawwhatlookedlikeapolicepursuit.A(n)42manofmediumbuild,43inablackT-shirt,wasrunningfromapoliceofficer.WhenGonzales.sawtheofficerinneedof44everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu(巴西柔术)trainingtoldhimto45ahand.Gonzalessloweddown.Sodidthemanbeingchased-toavoid46Gonzales'sminivan.That47allowedtheofficertocatchupandtakethesuspecttotheground.However,hequicklyrealizedthattheofficerdidnothave48ofthesituation."Theofficerwasstraddling(跨坐)him,butthesuspectwasaboutto49thepoliceofficerover.Gonzalesjumpedoutofhisvehicleand50himselfontheman'slegs.51,hiswife,Ortiz,usedherphonetorecordthescene.Finally,thethreatwasover.ButforGonzales,theridewasjustbeginning.Ortiz52thevideoonFacebook,whereitattractedover56million53.AmongthoseawedbythevideowasBrazilianjiu-jitsu54,afourth-degreeblackbelt,whostated,"ThecombinationofGonzales'stechniqueandhiscommunicationwithboththeofficerandthesuspectis55!"41. A.jogging B.walking C.driving D.cycling42. A.muscular B.ambitious C.humorous D.aggressive43. A.worn B.absorbed C.dressed D.buried44. A.assistance B.emergency C.solution D.action45. A.send B.lend C.shake D.hold46. A.comingacross B.holdingup C.breakingdown D.runninginto47. A.accusation B.hesitation C.adaptation D.communication48. A.consciousness B.knowledge C.control D.advantage49. A.tip B.fight C.fall D.hand50. A.abandoned B.dragged C.pulled D.threw5I. A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Instead52. A.downloaded B.edited C.saw D.posted53. A.customers B.views C.cheers D.researches54. A.instructor B.conductor C.operator D.inventor55. A.heroic B.moving C.understandable D.legendaryPage10of13第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下边短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。2024is"TheYearoftheDragon"ontheChineselunarcalendar.But56that'sthepropertranslationoftheiconicmythicalsymbolofChinaornothasaroused57(heat)debate.TheWesternconceptofdragonisnotconsistentwith58oftheChinesedragon.InfluencedbyGreekmythology,thedragonisoftenthekeeperoftreasure.ForEuropeans,dragonisusuallyamonster59(keep)distancesawayfrompeople.Withfourlegsandtwohugeblackwings,theycanspitfireorevenpoisongasoutoftheirmouth.Contrary60theevilimageofEuropeandragons,Chinesedragonssymbolize61(strong)andgoodluck.InChineselegends,dragonswereappointedheadofthefourseas,rulersofweatherandwater.ThosebornintheyearoftheLoongarebelieved62(be)interestedintheworldandwillingtogiveahelpinghand.ThedifferencesinperceptionofthemythicalcreaturesinChinaandtheWest63(root)intheirdifferentculturalvalues.Whatisimportantisthatasweenter64newlunaryear,people65(global)appreciatetheculturalvaluesembodiedinsuchChinesesymbolsasLoong.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华，你校外教Peter对中国传统美食很感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐一种中国传统美食，内容包括：1.美食介绍；2.推荐理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearPeter,I'mLiHuafromClass2.Yours,LiHua第二节:(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MydaughterandIwerefansofMisterRogers'Neighborhood,aneducationalchildren'stelevisionseriesthatwascreatedandhostedbyFredRogers,morecommonlyknownasMisterRogers.Aroundmydaughter'ssecondbirthday,IhadaMisterRogers-inspiredidea.Whynotinviteonekeypersoninmydaughter'sworldtodinnereachmonth?Thelocalchildren'slibrariancouldvisitoneevening,andperhapstheboroughmayor(区长)coulddropbyafewweekslater.ButIwantedtostartatthetop."Let'sinviteMisterRogershimself,Isaidtomywife."Afterall,helivesjustafewneighborhoodsaway.Ibethe'dcome.ShelookedatmeasifIwantedtoinvitethePresident."YoureallythinkMisterRogerswouldcometoourhousefordinner?Fatchance.Undeterred(不气馁的),IsentalettertoMisterRogersthatfall,tellinghimofmynewfounddelightinhisshowandmyideaforinvitingneighborhoodpeopleovertotalkabouttheirlives,andaskinghimandMrs.Rogerstobeourguests.Itoldmydaughterabouttheletter.Hereyesglistened(发光)."MisterRogerscoming?Really,Daddy?"Onemonthlater,noreply.Mydaughterhadn'tforgottenandperiodicallyaskedwhenMisterRogerswouldbevisiting.Ialwaystoldherthathehadn'tcalledyetandthatitwasagoodopportunitytolearnaboutpatience.Twomonthslater,noresponse.Atthethree-monthmark,mywifesimplyrolledhereyeswhenIraisedthetopic.Iwasbeginningtoloseoptimism.MisterRogershadletmedown.Sadly,MisterRogerspassedawayinlateFebruaryofthefollowingyear.Iwasunawareofhisillnessandnowunderstoodwhyourinvitationhadgoneunanswered.MisterRogerswouldnotbecomingtodinnerafterall.