湖南省宁乡市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月调研考试英语试题【含答案解析】

2023年11月高三调研考试英语试题本试卷分四部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意：所有试题均须在答题卡上作答。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inatravelagency.B.Inahotel.C.InaTVstudio.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sdress?A.Cheap.B.Beautiful.C.Unique.3.WhichsubjectdidTomdobestin?A.Math.B.Chinese.C.English.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Helphimwithanarticle.B.Readtheschoolmagazine.C.Jointheschoolband.5.Whendoesthewomanusuallydothecleaning?A.OnSaturdayevenings.B.OnSundays.C.OnSaturdaymornings.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Askingforinformation.B.Complainingaboutthedelay.C.Doingasurveyonairports.7.Whichofthefollowingplacesopensat10:00?A.Therestaurant.B.Theduty-freeshop.C.Thecurrencyexchangeoffice.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisplayingontheradiostationnow?A.Commercials.B.Amusicprogram.C.Atalkshow.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heprefersdetailednewsstories.B.Hehatestospendmuchtimeonnews.C.Heoftenlistenstonewsbroadcasts.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirnewhobbies.B.Familylife.C.Aweekendplan.11.Whatdothechildrenliketodonow?A.Spendmoretimeonmovies.B.Stayathomewithparents.C.Playwiththeirfriends.12.Wheredoesthewomansuggesthavingfunnextweekend?A.Atherhome.B.Inthepark.C.Inthecinema.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisgreatlyvaluedinthecompany?A.Employees’appearances.B.Employees’physicalconditions.C.Employees’qualities.14.Whatdoesthemanneedtodobeforework?A.Haveamedicalexamination.B.Listentocustomers’concerns.C.Studythepoliciesandpractices.15.Whatisunnecessaryfortheman?A.Buyinganinsurance.B.Workingonweekends.C.Beingontimeforwork.16.Whatwillthemando?A.Goonhisquestions.B.Expectthewoman’sreply.C.Writedownpersonalinformation.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhenwillIt’sMyOpinionbebroadcast?A.At11:30.B.At10:30.C.At8:30.18.WhatsongswillbebroadcastonRadio3?A.Italiansongs.B.Braziliansongs.C.Americansongs.19What’stheprogramaboutonRadio2?A.News.B.Music.C.Sports.20.WherecantheaudienceenjoytheLondonPopSpectacular?A.OnRadio1.B.OnRadio4.C.OnRadio3.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromcoasttocoast,Canadaisabeautifulcountryfilledwithanendlessvarietyoflandscapesandmanywell-knownjewelstoexplore,whichoffersaperfectgetawayoptionsuretosuiteveryone.VANCOUVERISLAND,BCVancouverIslandisthelargestislandonthePacificCoastofNorthAmerica.Thisspectacularislandofferssomeawesomeadventures,includinghiking,diving,surfingandcamping.YourweekendgetawaytoVancouverIslandkicksoffwithabeautifulferryride.TheTsawwassentoSwartzBayferrypassesclosetothebeautifulGulfIslandsandrockycoves,sokeepaneyeoutforsealsandwhales!Thetripbycarandferry,orbusandferry,takesaboutfourhoursfromdowntownVancouver.WHISTLER,BCWhistler,oneofthelargestskiresortsinNorthAmerica,isaparadiseforoutdoorenthusiastsallyearround.Frompowderhounds(粉雪滑雪)inwintertowatersports,biking,andhikingduringthesummer,thereisplentytoexplore.Inaddition,Whistlerwasamajorpartofthe2010WinterOlympics.KELOWNA,BCKelownaispopularwithtouristsasitisthepremierwinedestinationinBritishColumbia.Spendingthedaytastingthelocalwinesandeatingatsomeofthewineryrestaurantsisaperfectwaytoenjoyasummer’sdayhere.Golf,hiking,biking,andboatingonthelakeareallpopularsummeractivitieshereaswell.1.WhatdoweknowaboutVANCOUVERISLAND,BC?A.ItisthelargestislandofNorthAmerica. B.Itcanbereachedbytrain.C.Itisagoodplaceforvisitorstocamp. D.Itwasamajorpartofthe2010WinterOlympics.2.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesismentionedmostfrequently?A.Hiking. B.Biking. C.Diving. D.Skiing.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Researchpaper. B.Travelbrochure. C.Geographytextbook. D.Traveljournal.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加拿大三个不同地区的风景和旅游活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据VANCOUVERISLAND,BC中的“Thisspectacularislandofferssomeawesomeadventures,includinghiking,diving,surfingandcamping.(这个壮观的岛屿提供了一些令人敬畏的冒险活动，包括远足、潜水、冲浪和露营)”可知，VANCOUVERISLAND,BC是游客露营的好地方。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据VANCOUVERISLAND,BC中的“Thisspectacularislandofferssomeawesomeadventures,includinghiking,diving,surfingandcamping.(这个壮观的岛屿提供了一些令人敬畏的冒险活动，包括远足、潜水、冲浪和露营)”，WHISTLER,BC中的“Frompowderhounds(粉雪滑雪)inwintertowatersports,biking,andhikingduringthesummer,thereisplentytoexplore.(从冬季的粉雪滑雪到夏季的水上运动、骑自行车和徒步旅行，有很多值得探索的地方)”及KELOWNA,BC中的“Golf,hiking,biking,andboatingonthelakeareallpopularsummeractivitieshereaswell.(高尔夫、远足、骑自行车和在湖上划船也是这里的热门夏季活动)”可知，最常被提到的活动是远足。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Fromcoasttocoast,Canadaisabeautifulcountryfilledwithanendlessvarietyoflandscapesandmanywell-knownjewelstoexplore,whichoffersaperfectgetawayoptionsuretosuiteveryone.(从海岸到海岸，加拿大是一个美丽的国家，拥有无穷无尽的风景和许多著名的珠宝可供探索，这提供了一个完美的度假选择，一定适合每个人)”可知，全文介绍的加拿大三个不同地区的风景和旅游活动。由此推知，文章可能取材于旅游手册。故选B项。BFifteenyearsagowhenIembarkedonmyscientificjourney,IwasanundocumentedimmigrantfromPeruwhoneverdreamedofbecomingascientist.Mymomworkedinaglass-makingfactoryandmyfatherinafast-foodrestaurant.Havinghadnoscientificrolemodelsgrowingup,Ididn’tthinkthatcareerwasapathforme.Besides,Icouldnotaffordcollegefeesanddidnotqualifyforfinancialaidasanundocumentedimmigrant.Theprobabilityofmebecomingascientistwasverylow.However,allthatchangedduetomentors(导师).Ihadtheprivilegeofhavinginspiringrolemodelsthroughoutmycareer.Myfirstrolemodelisandwillalwaysbemymother.Asamomworkingatafactoryover80hoursaweek,sheknewthevalueofeducationandtaughtmetheimportanceofpursuingmydreams.MyinterestinsciencebeganasastudentatUnionCountyCollegeinCranford,NewJersey,whereImetbiologyprofessorTracyFelton.Sheencouragedmybuddingintereststoconductanindependentliteraturestudyonevolution.ShealsoadvocatedformewhenIrevealedtohermyimmigrationstatus.ThissmallbutimportantactmademethinkthatmaybeIcouldbecomeascientistWhilemycollegeoptionswerelimitedasanundocumentedimmigrantbackin2010,theCityUniversityofNewYorkwelcomedmewithopenarms.AtCUNY,ImetprofessorAnneSimon,whochangedmylifebyaskingmeonequestion:“Haveyouthoughtaboutdoingresearch?”Shetaughtmehowtobeascientistthroughdesigningexperiments,analyzingresultsandpresentingatacademicconferences.ThementorshipIreceivedfromprofessorSimonledtoaDominoEffectthatresultedinmedoingsummerresearchatPrinceton,presentingatscientificconferencesandlearninghowtoapplyforaPh.D.TodayIamaneuroscientist.Iwouldnothavebecomeascientistifitweren’tfortherolemodelswhotookthetimetoinvestinme.4.Whydidn’ttheauthorconsiderworkingasascientistfifteenyearsago?A.Hehadnorolemodels. B.Hehadnointerestinscience.C.Hewasapoorundocumentedimmigrant. D.Hisparentsdidn’tcareabouthim.5.Whatdoes“Thissmallbutimportantact”inparagraph3referto?A.Tracy’spraise. B.Tracy’ssupport.C.Theauthor’sambition. D.Theauthor’shonesty.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’spathtobeascientist?A.TracyFelton’shelptotallychangedhislife.B.Goodluckmatteredintheprocessofhiseducation.C.Hehadvariousoptionstopursuehighereducation.D.WithoutProfessorSimon’sguidance,hisdreammighthavedied.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshismentors?A.Grateful. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Tolerant.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者是一个来自秘鲁的非法移民，但作者一生中遇到了很多榜样，他们都给予了作者支持和鼓励，让作者最终成为一名科学家的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Besides,Icouldnotaffordcollegefeesanddidnotqualifyforfinancialaidasanundocumentedimmigrant.(此外，我无法负担大学学费，作为一名无证移民，我无法获得财政援助。)”可知，作者在15年前没有考虑成为科学家是因为他是一个无证且贫穷的移民，故选C项。【5题详解】短语猜测题。根据第三段中划线短语前的句子“ShealsoadvocatedformewhenIrevealedtohermyimmigrationstatus.(当我向她透露我的移民身份时，她也支持我。)”可知，Thissmallbutimportantact指代的是Tracy的支持，故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“ThementorshipIreceivedfromprofessorSimonledtoaDominoEffectthatresultedinmedoingsummerresearchatPrinceton,presentingatscientificconferencesandlearninghowtoapplyforaPh.D.(我从西蒙教授那里得到的指导产生了多米诺效应，使我有机会在普林斯顿进行暑期研究，在科学会议上发表，并学习如何申请博士学位。)”可知，如果没有西蒙教授的指导，他成为科学家的梦想可能早已破灭。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Iwouldnothavebecomeascientistifitweren’tfortherolemodelswhotookthetimetoinvestinme.(如果没有那些花时间投资于我的榜样，我是无法成为一名科学家的。)”可知，作者对导师的态度是感激的，故选A项。CToomuchheatisnotsafeforanyone,yetseniorsareathigherriskforheat-relatedillnessesthanyoungerfolks.AnewCanadianstudyhashighlightedafascinatingreasonwhy:theysweatmorewhenthey’rerunninglowonbodyfluids(液体).Whenit’shotoutandyou’rebeingactive,youstartperspiring,whichhelpsyourbodyregulateitstemperaturedownward.Italsomakesyoulosefluid,whichinturnincreasestheconcentrationofsodiuminyourblood.Whenthisconcentrationgetshigh(inotherwords,thebodygetsdehydrated(脱水),ayoungeradultwillstopsweatingasmuch,begintofeeloverheatedandthirsty,andlikelyreachforaglassofwater.Butolderadults’bodiestendtobelessresponsivetodehydration.Therefore,thiscanbechallengingforolderadultswhotypicallydonotadjustaswellasotherstosuddentemperaturechanges.Additionally,olderadultsaremorelikelytohavechronic(慢性的)medicalconditionsthataffectthebody’sresponsetotemperature,andtotakeprescriptionmedicinesthatalterthebody’sabilitytocontroltemperatureorsweat.Alotofsweatingandfluidlossmaycontinuewithoutthewarningoffeelinguncomfortablythirsty.Thisabilitytokeeppushingmaysoundlikeasuperpower,butit’sactuallyareasontobeextracareful:itbringsahigherriskofheatexhaustion,heatstroke,andheatstress-relatedcardiovascularproblems.Asaresult,olderpeoplemayneedreminderstodrinkwaterwhilebeingactiveduringaheatwave.Itcouldbeagoodidea,forexample,tosetarecurringalarmonyourwatchorsmartphonebeforeheadingout.Also,sinceyoucan’tnecessarilyrelyonyourthirst,watchforothersignsofdehydration,includinginfrequenturination(排尿),dark-coloredurine,exhaustion,confusion,anddizziness.8.Accordingtothestudy,whyareseniorsathigherriskforheat-relatedillnesses?A.Theyareolderorhavehealthproblems.B.Theyarelikelytosweatwithlittlebodyfluids.C.Theysweatmorewhenthey’reshortofbodyfluids.D.Theytendtolosebodyfluidswhentheysweat.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perspiring”inparagraph2mean?A.Regulating. B.Sweating. C.Fainting. D.Tiring.10.WhatisNOTasymptomofdehydration?A.Lackofurination. B.Lackofsleep.C.Extremetiredness. D.Dark-coloredurine.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Olderpeoplearemorevulnerabletosummerheat.B.Heatinsummerisextremelydangerousforseniors.C.Olderpeopleshouldnotworkoutoutdoorsinsummer.D.Seniorshavechronicmedicalconditionsduetotheheatwave.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了老年人在高温下更容易患上与热相关的疾病，原因是他们体液不足时会更多地出汗，强调了老年人对脱水的反应较弱，并提到了老年人更容易患有影响身体对温度反应的慢性疾病，给出了一些建议来提醒老年人在高温天气中锻炼活动时要补充水分。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“AnewCanadianstudyhashighlightedafascinatingreasonwhy:theysweatmorewhenthey’rerunninglowonbodyfluids.(一项新的加拿大研究强调了一个有趣的原因：老年人在体液不足时出汗更多。)”可知，老年人患热病相关疾病风险更高是因为他们缺乏液体时，会出汗更多，故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Whenit’shotoutandyou’rebeingactive,youstartperspiring,whichhelpsyourbodyregulateitstemperaturedownward.(当天气炎热并且你处于活动状态时，你会开始……，这有助于你的身体向下调节温度。)”可知，天气炎热并处于活动时，就会出汗，perspiring意为“出汗”，故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Also,sinceyoucan’tnecessarilyrelyonyourthirst,watchforothersignsofdehydration,includinginfrequenturination(排尿),dark-coloredurine,exhaustion,confusion,anddizziness.(此外，由于你不一定能依靠口渴，因此请注意其他脱水迹象，包括排尿不畅、尿色深、疲惫、意识模糊和头晕。)”可知，脱水的症状是排尿不畅，极度疲惫及尿色深，而不是睡眠不足，故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Toomuchheatisnotsafeforanyone,yetseniorsareathigherriskforheat-relatedillnessesthanyoungerfolks.(过多的热量对任何人来说都是不安全的，但老年人患热相关疾病的风险高于年轻人。)”，第二段中“Butolderadults’bodiestendtobelessresponsivetodehydration.(但老年人的身体往往对脱水的反应差。)”，第二段中“Additionally,olderadultsaremorelikelytohavechronic(慢性的)medicalconditionsthataffectthebody’sresponsetotemperature,andtotakeprescriptionmedicinesthatalterthebody’sabilitytocontroltemperatureorsweat.(此外，老年人更有可能患有影响身体对温度反应的慢性疾病，并服用改变身体控制温度或出汗能力的处方药。)”，第三段中“Asaresult,olderpeoplemayneedreminderstodrinkwaterwhilebeingactiveduringaheatwave.(因此，老年人可能需要提醒在热浪期间活动时喝水。)”可知，老年人比年轻人更容易受炎热影响导致疾病，故选A项。DGenZ,Americansbornduringthelate1990sandearly2000s,isexperiencinghigherratesofreportedmentalhealthproblemsthananyothergenerationbeforethem,whichislikelytocreateahigherdemandinthementalhealthindustryforyearstocome.AccordingtoanewreportfromdatamanagementfirmHarmonyHealthcareIT,amassive61percentofGenZhavebeendiagnosedwithananxietydisorder.ThegenerationthatisnowbeinglabeledAmerica’smostanxiousismorelikelytoseektherapythananyothergenerationbeforethem.GenZis37percentmorelikelytogototherapyorreceivementalhealthtreatmentcomparedtoaslightlyloweramountof35percentofMillennials,26percentofGenX,22percentofBabyBoomersand15percentoftheSilentGeneration,accordingtotheAmericanPsychiatricAssociation.Theriseintherapyseekingisgivinganoverallboosttothementalhealthindustryasawhole.Afterall,thenumberofAmericansseekingmentalhealthtreatmentincreasedalmosttwofoldoverthepastdecade.Partoftheincreaseintreatmentseekingisowingtothecoronaviruspandemic,asyoungadultsreportedroughlya5percentincreaseinmentalhealthtreatmentfrom2019to2021,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Depressionandanxietywereatalltimehighsduringthistime,butitmightnotfullyexplainwhyGenZhasbeenmorelikelytoseekouthelp.Asthepandemicchangedthemodethattherapycouldbeavailabletopatients,it’spossibleteletherapymadementalhealthtreatmentmoreaccessibletothosestrugglingwhereastheywouldn’thavesoughtouthelpinthepast.GenZmightalsobeattheedgeoftheshiftinmentalhealthservicesbecausetheyarelesslikelytoshyawayfromseekinghelp.Sharingexperiencesabouttherapyviasocialmediahasbeenrelativelynormalized,whichissomethingpreviousgenerationsdidn’tgrowupwith.GenZalsoexperiencedincreasingratesofgunviolenceandanxietyoverclimatechangewhiletheywereyoung.Keyeventsduringthistimeoftheirlivescouldalsopushalargeramounttoseekhelprelatedtoanxietyordepression,expertssay.12.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.61percentofAmericanssufferfromananxietydisorder.B.Comparedwithpreviousgenerations,GenZismostlikelytoseektherapy.C.BabyBoomersistheleastlikelytoreceivehealthtreatment.D.Thedevelopmentofthementalhealthindustrybooststherapyseeking.13.Whydidcoronaviruspandemiccontributetoanincreaseintherapyseeking?A.Theyoungadultsseekingmentalhealthtreatmentincreasedby5percent.B.Therapywasnotavailabletopatientsbeforethepandemic.C.Patientsfounditeasiertoreceivementalhealthtreatment.D.Pandemicchangedpatients’modeofcommunication.14.WhatcanweinferaboutGenZfromthelast2paragraphs?A.Theyfeelashamedtoseekhelp. B.Theytendtosharetheirtherapyexperienceonline.C.Theyaremoreviolentwithgreateranxiety. D.Theyshowlittleconcernforthekeyevents.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.GenZboostsmentalhealthindustry. B.GenZsuffersfrommorementalhealthproblems.C.MoreAmericansreceivetherapynowadays. D.Thementalhealthindustryhasbeenbooming.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于上世纪90年代末和21世纪初出生的美国人Z世代人报告的心理健康问题比他们之前的任何一代人都要高，他们会对心理健康产业的繁荣产生影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThegenerationthatisnowbeinglabeledAmerica’smostanxiousismorelikelytoseektherapythananyothergenerationbeforethem.(现在被贴上“美国最焦虑”标签的这一代人比他们之前的任何一代人更有可能寻求心理治疗)”可知，根据第二段，说法正确的是与前几代人相比，Z代最有可能寻求治疗。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Asthepandemicchangedthemodethattherapycouldbeavailabletopatients,it’spossibleteletherapymadementalhealthtreatmentmoreaccessibletothosestrugglingwhereastheywouldn’thavesoughtouthelpinthepast.(随着疫情改变了患者可获得治疗的模式，远程治疗可能使那些挣扎的人更容易获得心理健康治疗，而过去他们不会寻求帮助)”可知，冠状病毒大流行导致寻求治疗的人数增加的原因是病人发现更容易接受心理健康治疗。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Sharingexperiencesabouttherapyviasocialmediahasbeenrelativelynormalized,whichissomethingpreviousgenerationsdidn’tgrowupwith.(通过社交媒体分享治疗经验已经相对正常化，这是前几代人成长过程中没有的)”可知，从最后两段我们可以推断出Z世代的人们倾向于在网上分享他们的治疗经验。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“GenZ,Americansbornduringthelate1990sandearly2000s,isexperiencinghigherratesofreportedmentalhealthproblemsthananyothergenerationbeforethem,whichislikelytocreateahigherdemandinthementalhealthindustryforyearstocome.(上世纪90年代末和21世纪初出生的美国人Z世代报告的心理健康问题比他们之前的任何一代人都要高，这可能会在未来几年对心理健康行业产生更高的需求)”及第五段“GenZalsoexperiencedincreasingratesofgunviolenceandanxietyoverclimatechangewhiletheywereyoung.Keyeventsduringthistimeoftheirlivescouldalsopushalargeramounttoseekhelprelatedtoanxietyordepression,expertssay.(Z世代在年轻时也经历了枪支暴力和对气候变化的焦虑。专家说，这一时期的重大事件也可能促使更多的人寻求与焦虑或抑郁有关的帮助)”可知，本文主要介绍了Z世代推动了心理健康产业。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Makingyourschoolabetterplacewillmakeeveryonearoundyouhappier.____16____Yetit’sneveraneasyjob.Thefollowingwaysmayhelpyouachievethisgoal.____17____Ifstudentsaretalkingabouthowbadsomethingis,trytohelpthemseethebrightsideofthings.Forexample,ifsomeoneiscomplainingabouthowhardphysicsis,youcansaysomethinglike“Sure,it’shard,butjustimaginehowmuchthisisgoingtoprepareusforcollege.”Trytoresolveconflictsbetweenotherkids.Manyconflictsinschoolarejustmisunderstandingsbetweentwopeople.____18____Forexample,ifJackwasspreadingrumorsaboutJessica,youcouldsaysomethinglike,“TheonlyreasonJessicaisyellingisbecauseoftherumoryouspread,Jack.Ithinkinsteadoffightingyoubothshouldtalkaboutit.”Standuptobullies.Don’tstaysilentwhenyouseeanotherstudentgettingbulliedbybullies.____19____Youcansaysomethinglike“Hey,cutitout.That’snotfunnyatall.”Makefriendswithstudentsthatarelonely.Ifyounoticeastudentwhodoesn’thavemanyfriends,sitsaloneatlunchorgetbulliedregularly,makeitapointtobecometheirfriend.Thiswillmakethemlesslonelyandmayencourageotherpeopletobecomefriendswiththem.Forinstance,ifyounoticethatastudentthat’ssittingaloneatlunch,walkuptothemandsaysomethinglike,“Hey,you’reinmymathclass.____20____”A.Spreadapositiveattitude.B.MindifIsitwithyouforlunch?C.Communicateseriousissueswiththem.D.Speakupconfidentlyandtellthemtostop.E.Wouldyouliketodiscussmathproblemswithme?F.Encouragethemtotalkandtrytoseeeachother’sperspectives.G.Moreover,abetteratmospherewillalsomakeyouamorecharmingstudent.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了五个使学校变得更好的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Makingyourschoolabetterplacewillmakeeveryonearoundyouhappier.(让你的学校变得更好，会让你周围的每个人都更快乐)”可知，除了学校变得更好外，学生也要变得更好，与G项“Moreover,abetteratmospherewillalsomakeyouamorecharmingstudent.(此外，更好的氛围也会让你成为一个更有魅力的学生)”上下文一致，承上启下，故选G项。【17题详解】根据下文“Ifstudentsaretalkingabouthowbadsomethingis,trytohelpthemseethebrightsideofthings.(如果学生在谈论某件事有多糟糕，试着帮助他们看到事情的光明面)”可知，本段内容与thebrightsideofthings有关，与A项“Spreadapositiveattitude.(传播积极的态度)”上下文一致，apositiveattitude与thebrightsideofthings前后呼应，故选A项。【18题详解】根据上文“Trytoresolveconflictsbetweenotherkids.Manyconflictsinschoolarejustmisunderstandingsbetweentwopeople.(尝试解决其他孩子之间的冲突。学校里的很多冲突，只是两个人之间的误会)”可知，应该让他们交流，了解彼此的观点，与F项“Encouragethemtotalkandtrytoseeeachother’sperspectives.(鼓励他们交谈，试着看到彼此的观点)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。【19题详解】根据上文“Don’tstaysilentwhenyouseeanotherstudentgettingbulliedbybullies.(当你看到另一个学生被欺凌者欺负时，不要保持沉默)”可知，看到有人被欺凌，应该告诉他们停止霸凌，与D项“Speakupconfidentlyandtellthemtostop.(自信地说出来，告诉他们停下来)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。【20题详解】根据上文“Forinstance,ifyounoticethatastudentthat’ssittingaloneatlunch,walkuptothemandsaysomethinglike,“Hey,you’reinmymathclass.(例如，如果你注意到一个学生在午餐时独自坐着，走到他们面前说：“嘿，你在我的数学课上。”)”可知，你会与这个单独坐着吃午餐的学生坐在一起，与B项“MindifIsitwithyouforlunch?(介意我和你一起吃午饭吗？)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenstormcloudsgather,andthewindhowlsinanger,thenaturalreactionformostpeopleistoseekshelter.Butsomeruntowardsthe____21____.LiuYijingisoneofthatraretype,ashe____22____andframesnature’sangerForthepastyear,Liu,21,hastravelledabout24,000kilometresacross11provincial-leveladministrativeregionsinChina,chasingand____23____thunderstorms.Fromthefirst____24____asmallwinddevelopingintoastrongwind,aviolentsky,andbirds____25____—he____26____whatappearstobeafrighteningtaskLiuhasreceivedagreatdealof____27____forhiswork.Hisphotoscapturedacompletesupercellstructure,atypeofthunderstormwhich____28____intheInnerMongoliaautonomousregiononAug22.This____29____hasbeenpickedasthecoverphotofortheMayeditionofAdvancesinAtmosphericSciences,akeypublicationinits_____30_____.“ItisatypicalsupercellandIstillhavea_____31_____memoryabouthowthrilledIfeltthemomentitformed.Whilerecording,Icouldn’t_____32_____myselfandkeptscreaming,”hesays,_____33_____thatthepictureandvideohavebecomepopularontheInternet,_____34_____amongmeteorologists(气象学家)Manysocialmediausersnicknamedhim“stormchaser”.ASinaWeibouser_____35_____thatLiu’sphotosandvideosshowhowamazingnatureisandhowinsignificanthumansare.21.A.shade B.danger C.force D.scenery22.A.captures B.hides C.pictures D.imagines23.A.researching B.recording C.observing D.painting24.A.symptoms B.signals C.signs D.systems25.A.gathering B.singing C.moving D.fleeing26.A.fightsagainst B.dreamsof C.concernsabout D.preparesfor27.A.education B.compensation C.recognition D.criticism28.A.occurred B.organized C.performed D.watched29.A.image B.phenomenon C.sight D.award30.A.appearance B.history C.strength D.field31.A.recent B.poor C.vivid D.living32.A.express B.behave C.enjoy D.contain33.A.knowing B.planning C.adding D.agreeing34.A.even B.already C.always D.still35.A.complains B.realizes C.prefers D.comments【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.D26.D27.C28.A29.A30.D31.C32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了风暴摄影师刘屹靖用相机捕捉大自然愤怒的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有些人却奔向危险。A.shade阴影；B.danger危险；C.force力量；D.scenery风景。根据下文“chasingand____3____thunderstorms”可知，有些人是奔向“危险”，故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：刘屹靖是那种罕见的类型之一，因为他捕捉并拍摄了大自然的愤怒。A.captures捕捉；B.hides隐藏；C.pictures描绘；D.imagines想象。根据下文“Hisphotoscapturedacompletesupercellstructure”可知，他用相机捕捉大自然的愤怒，故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，21岁的刘强东在中国11个省级行政区旅行了约24,000公里，追逐并记录了雷暴。A.researching研究；B.recording记录；C.observing观察；D.painting绘画。根据下文“Whilerecording,Icouldn’t____12____myself”可知，此处表示记录雷暴，故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从最初迹象开始，一阵小风发展成一阵强风，一片猛烈的天空，鸟儿在逃窜——他为看似可怕的任务做好了准备。A.symptoms症状；B.signals信号；C.signs迹象；D.systems系统。根据下文“asmallwinddevelopingintoastrongwind,aviolentsky”可知，这些都是雷暴来临前的迹象，故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从最初的迹象开始，一阵小风发展成一阵强风，一片猛烈的天空，鸟儿在逃窜——他为看似可怕的任务做好了准备。A.gathering聚集；B.singing唱歌；C.moving感动；D.fleeing逃跑。根据下文“aviolentsky,andbirds____5____”可知，天气突然变化，鸟儿会逃窜，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从最初的迹象开始，一阵小风发展成一阵强风，一片猛烈的天空，鸟儿在逃窜——他为看似可怕的任务做好了准备。A.fightsagainst与……作斗争；B.dreamsof梦想；C.concernsabout关心；D.preparesfor准备。根据下文“afrighteningtask”可知，拍摄风暴很危险，要为拍摄做好准备，故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘的工作得到了很多认可。A.education教育；B.compensation补偿；C.recognition认可；D.criticism批评。根据下文“asthecoverphotofortheMayeditionofAdvancesinAtmosphericSciences”可知，他拍的照片被作为AdvancesinAtmosphericSciences5月刊的封面，他的作品广受认可，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的照片捕捉到了一个完整的超级单体结构，这是一种8月22日在内蒙古自治区发生的雷暴。A.occurred发生；B.organized组织；C.performed表演；D.watched观看。根据前文“atypeofthunderstorm”可知，此处是说这雷暴发生在8月22日，故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张照片被选为《大气科学进展》5月版的封面照片，该杂志是该领域的重要出版物。A.image照片；B.phenomenon现象；C.sight视觉；D.award奖项。根据下文“pickedasthecoverphotofortheMayeditionofAdvancesinAtmosphericSciences”可知，是照片被选为杂志封面，故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张照片被选为《大气科学进展》5月版的封面照片，该杂志是该领域的重要出版物。A.appearance外观；B.history历史；C.strength实力；D.field领域。根据“akeypublicationinits”可知，是在该领域重要的出版物，故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个典型的超级单体，我仍然清楚地记得它形成的那一刻我是多么激动。A.recent最近的；B.poor穷的；C.vivid生动的，逼真的；D.living生活的。根据“Istillhavea____11____memoryabouthowthrilledIfeltthemomentitformed.”可知，他还很清楚的记得自己当时是多么激动，故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在录制时，我无法控制自己，不停地尖叫，”他说，并补充说，这些图片和视频在互联网上变得流行起来，甚至在气象学家中也如此。A.express表达；B.behave行为；C.enjoy享受；D.contain包含。根据“Icouldn’t____12____myselfandkeptscreaming”可知，他在录制时，无法控制自己不停尖叫，containoneself为固定短语，表示“克制自己”，故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在录制时，我无法控制自己，不停地尖叫，”他说，并补充说，这些图片和视频在互联网上变得流行起来，甚至在气象学家中也是如此。A.knowing知道；B.planning计划；C.adding补充说；D.agreeing同意。根据上文“hesays”可知，此处表示他补充说道，故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“在录制时，我无法控制自己，不停地尖叫，”他说，并补充说，这些图片和视频在互联网上变得流行起来，甚至在气象学家中也是如此。A.even甚至；B.already已经；C.always经常；D.still依旧。根据下文“amongmeteorologists”可知，这是表示递进，意为“甚至”，他的图片甚至在气象学家中流行起来了，故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位新浪微博用户评论说，刘的照片和视频展示了大自然是多么神奇，人类是多么渺小。A.complains抱怨；B.realizes意识到；C.prefers喜欢；D.comments评论。根据下文“Liu’sphotosandvideosshowhowamazingnatureisandhowinsignificanthumansare.”可知，大自然是多么神奇，人类是多么渺小这是一位用户的评论，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空