Environment(大学互交英语1第四单元)

EnvironmentCelineLiuWarm-updiscussionWhatdoyouthinkaboutenvironmentalprotection?Situation?Solution?SituationNowThedevelopmentofhumanityhasbeenaglobalthreattotheenvironmentforthesurvivalofhumanbeings.EnvironmentPollutionAirpollutionWaterpollutionSoilpollutionEcologicalpollutionAirpollutionAirpollutionIn1996,anreport,whichisissuedbytheUNEP(UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram),indicatedthattheozoneemptyoftheAntarcticpoleisenlargingbythespeedoftheterrestrialareaofthewholeAmericaeveryyear,whichbringsaboutthecontinuousascendingofincidenceoftheskincancerofthehumanbeingsandtherigorousdeteriorationoftheairquality.OzoneholeGreenhouseEffectThereisnodoubtglobalwarmingisafact.Globalwarmingisveryseriousconsequences,suchasglaciersmelt,sealevelrise,desertification,totheecologicalsystemandtheseriousimpactonagriculturalproduction.

Cars’emissionsareespeciallydamaging,too—partlybecausethenitrogenoxidesfromjet-engineexhaustshelpcreateOzone.AcidrainHeavyuseofenergytoenhancethehumanmaterial,butalsocausedunexpecteddisaster.Acidrainbringaglobaldamage.WaterPollutionWhatshouldwedo?1,government.1,提高全民族环保意识。Awakenthewholenationtotheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.2,中国已规定并修改了有关水、空气及固体垃圾污染的有关法律，为取得持续开展打下了根底。Chinahasstipulatedandrevisedtherelevantlawsonwaterairandsolidwastepollution,layingthefoundationforachievingsustainabledevelopment.3,保护环境识每个公民的责任与义务。Protectingtheenvironmentiseverycitizen'sresponsibilityandmoralduty.4,工厂废气、污水排放必须符合排放标准。Allfactoriesmustmeetdischargestandardsbytheendof2000.Whatshouldwedo?2,ourselves1,weshouldn’tthrowrubbisheverywhereanddrawanythingonthewall.2,Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroomanddon'tforgettoturnofftheshowerwhenwefinishwashinghands.3,stoplitteringandputthebatteriesinspecialboxes.4,We'dbetterwalkorrideabikeinsteadoftakingataxiorabus.5,do

nottowasteasingledropofwater,otherwise,theonlydropofwaterwecouldkeepinthefuturewouldbeourtear!more

TeachingProcedureI.LearningObjectivesII.LearningStrategyIII.ReadingIIV.AssignmentI.LearningObjectivesInthisunit,youwilllearnhowto:1,usebackgroundknowledgetohelpyouunderstandareading2,findtopicsentencesofparagraphstohelpyouunderstandthemainideas3,newwordsandphrasesII.LearningStrategy1,usebackgroundknowledgetohelpyouunderstandareading(page.59)Applythestrategy:whatdoyouknowaboutwater?(3mins)wastewaterGroundwaterReclaimedwaterDrinkingwaterPotablewaterTapwaterBottledwaterPurifiedwaterMineralwaterSpringwaterTreatedwaterRegularwaterSaltwaterWaterresourcesWatersuppliesWatershortageWastewatersystem2,findtopicsentencesofparagraphstohelpyouunderstandthemainideas(page.60)Notice:topicsentencesareusuallybutnotnecessarilyatthebeginningofaparagraph.Applythestrategy:3minstoworkinpairstounderlinethetopicsentencesinparagraphs5,6,7,8and11onpage67.(para.5):Theeffectsofoverfishingarehiddenbystatistics.(para.6):overfishingthreatenseverywaterway.(para.7):theproblemofoverfishingisspreading.(para.8):whentoomanypeoplefish,toomanyfisharecaught.(para.11):Finally,thereisanothercauseofoverfishing:bettertechnology.ReadingIWasteNot,WantNotBeforeyoureadNowyoureadAfteryoureadBeforeyouread1,discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.3mins1)Whatkindofwastematerialscanbereclaimed?2)Howcanwebenefitfromusingreclaimedwater?3)Isreclaimedwaterfittodrink?Referenceforthequestions:1)Alotofusedmaterialscanbereclaimed,suchaswastewater,usedmetals,plastics,wood,glass,batteries,etc.2)Thebenefitsofusingreclaimedwater:Watersupplywillbeguaranteedevenintimesofdroughtwhendrinkablewaterisrestricted.Lessornosewagewillbedischargedintowaterways.Drinkingwaterwillbepreservedforfuturegenerations.3)Reclaimedwaterisfittodrink.“ThereclaimedandpurifiedwaterissosparklingcleanthatitmeetsallthecriteriasetforthbytheworldHealthOrganizationfordrinkingwater.Itisperfectlysafeandpalatableforhumanconsumption.”NowyoureadSkimming&ScanningReadreading1in8minsonpage61,andfinishexcise1and3onpage63.partsparagraphsMainideaspart1Paras.1-2Abriefintroductionofwaterreclamation.part2Paras.3-5Thehistoryofwaterreclamation.part3Paras.6-9Theuseofreclaimedwater.2,Workingroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.WhydidCalifornianofficialshavetofindanewwatersource?

Californiaofficialsneededtofindanewsourceofwaterbecauseofadrought.(para.1)2)Whatdoeswaterreclamationreferto?

Waterreclamationreferstousingpurifiedwaterfromsewersforcertainpurposes.(para.1)3)Whyweresomepeopleafraidofusingwastewater?

Becausetheythoughtusingwastewaterwasunpleasantandwereworriedthatwastewaterwouldcarrydisease.(para2&4)4)WhatcanReWbeusedfor?

ReWcanbeusedtowaterfarms,grass,parks,lawns,golfcoursesandbaseballfields.(para.2,3,6,7,8,9)5)WhyisReWimportant?ReWisimportantnotonlybecauseitispopularandsafebutalsobecauseitisausefulsourceofwaterandawaytosavewatersupply.(para.9)LanguageStudy1,strikev.(para.1)1)Tohappensuddenlyandhaveaharmfulordamagingeffectonsomebodyorsomething侵袭，爆发

Atornadostruckthefarm.2)Tohitorknockhardagainstsomething(正式)打，撞

Thetowerwasstruckby

lightening.Theshipstruckarockandstartedtosink.3)todeliberatelystopworkingforatimebecauseofadisagreementaboutpay,workingcoditions,etc.罢工Theunionhasvotedtostrikeforapayincreaseof6%.2,sourcen.(para.1)Theplacewhereastreamorriverstarts水源，泉源

Wefollowedtheriverbacktodiscoveritssource.Aplacefromwhichsomethingcomes;meansofsupply.来源，出处

Ihaven’tbeenabletotrackdownthesourceoftherumor.3)apersonorthingthatsuppliesinformation提供消息者Whenwritinganacademicarticle,alwayslistyoursources.I’veheardfromareliablesourcethatthecompanyisdoingverybadly.3，leadto(para.1)Tocausesomethingtohappen;tohavesomethingasitsresult;cause.导致Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.2)Tobeapath,way,orroadto通向，通往

AllroadsleadtoRome.4,coursen.(para.3)(=GOLFCOURSE)anareaoflandthatisdesignedforyoutoplaygolfon高尔夫球场agolfcourse2)Adirectionorroutefollowedbyashiporaplane航向，航线

Theysetacoursefortheislands.Theplanechangedcoursetoavoidthestorm.Aseriesoflessonsorlecturesonaparticularsubject课程

Thecollegerunsspecialistlanguagecourse.5,resortn.(para.6)Aplacewherepeopleregularlygoforholidays.度假地，游览胜地ski(skiing)resortsBrightonisoneofthemostpopularresorts

onthesouthcoastofEngland.Theactionofresortingtosomething(正式)诉诸、求助、采取

Theywereabletosettlethematterwithoutresorttoforce.

Thelastresort最后的手段Asthelastresortwecouldborrowmoremoneyfromthebank.Resort,v

resorttosomething:tomakeuseof;turnto(oftensomethingbad)forhelp采取，诉诸，求助于

Hecouldn’thavepassedtheexamwithout

resortingtocheating.6,AstudyinFloridashowedthathouseholdswoulduseupto400gallonsforeverypersoneachday,ifitwerefree.(para.8)Intheclauseifitwerefree,theverbwereisinthepresentsubjunctiveusedtoindicateaconditioncontrarytofact.Inexpressionscontrarytofact,wereisthecorrectformwhentheverbbeisusedinthepresentsubjunctive.Hebehavesasthoughheweretheowner.HeordersmeaboutasifIwerehisservant.7,Itisausefulsourceofwater,whichwillbecomeevenmoreimportantinthefuture.(para.9)…whichwillbecomeevenmoreimportantinthefutureisanon-definingrelativeclause.Itisusedheretogivemoreinformationaboutreclaimedwastewaterandtherelativepronounwhichreferstoreclaimedwastewater.Acommaisneededinanon-definingrelativeclause.Thetreatment,whichisbeingtriedbyresearchersatfourhospitals,hashelpedpatientswhohavefailedtorespondtootherremedies.Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwasexactlytheamountIneeded.ExerciseⅢ.Vocabulary&Structure1.1)Settler2)high-quality3)reclaim4)courses5)havefarmed6)Resort7)Gallon8)precious9)slope10)source2.1)unpleasant2)effect3〕struck4〕thehouseholdonfootinsteadofbybusⅣ.1)M2)C3)J4)A5)I6)K7)B8)N9)E10)LⅤ.Translation1.1)eachhouseholdinthiscityusesupto300kilowattsofelectricityeverymonth.Thedroughtinthisregioneveryyearmayleadtomanypeoplebeingforcedtoleavetheirhometown.AlthoughIamwillingtogototheseasideresortwithyouontheweekend.Thegovernmentofficialscallforthefactoriesandenterprisestoreclaimwastematerialsandwastewaterasmuchaspossible.Itisagoodwaytosavewaterbywateringlawnswithreclaimedwater.2.1)他们最终探索出废水循环利用的方法，即在某些方面用由污水净化而来的水代替自来水。2〕使用循环利用的废水能节约高尔夫球场的用水。同时，也可以节省高尔夫球场或公园的用水开支。3〕在佛罗里达州进行的一项研究显示，参加循环水不收费，居民家庭耗水将达每人每天400加仑。即使循环水水价已达饮用水价格的85%，这种需求仍居高不下。Reading2BackgroundInformationOverfishingOverfishingreferstotheprocessoftakingsomanyfishfromthesea,ariver,etc.thattheamountoffishinitdecrease.Overfishingisanon-sustainableuseoftheocean.Intherealworldoverfishingleadstotwoseriousproblems:Wearelosingspeciesaswellasentireecosystems.Asaresult,theoverallecologicalunityofouroceansisunderstressandatriskofcollapse.Weareinriskoflosingavaluablefoodsourcemanydependuponforsocial,economicalordietaryreasons.TheGrandBanks(大浅滩)TheGrandBanksareoneoftheworld’slargestandrichestresourceareas,renownedforbothitsvaluablefishstockandpetroleumreserves.TheWorldBank(WBG)世界银行TheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment,betterknownastheWorldBank,cameintoexistenceonDecember27,1945.TheBankispartoftheUN,whichexiststoprovidemembercountrieswithfinancefordevelopmentandpovertyreduction.CommencingoperationsonJune25,1946,itapproveditsfirstloanonMay9,1947.这些机构联合向开展中国家提供低息贷款、无息信贷和赠款。它是一个国际组织，其一开始的使命是帮助在第二次世界大战中被破坏的国家的重建。今天它的任务是资助国家克服穷困，各机构在减轻贫困和提高生活水平的使命中发挥独特的作用。TheEuropeanUnionTheEuropeanUnion(EU)istheresultofaprocessofcooperationandintegrationthatbeganin1951betweensixcountries(Belgium,Germany,France,Italy,Luxemburg,andtheNetherlands).Afternearlyfiftyyears,withfourwavesofaccessions:1973:Denmark,Ireland,theunitedkingdom1981:Greece1986:SpainandPortugal1995:Austria,Finland,andSwedenTheEUtodayhas27memberstates.TheEuropeanUnion’smissionistoorganizerelationsamongthememberstatesandamongtheirpeoplesinacoherentmannerandonthebasisofsolidarity.Skimming&ScanningReadreading2in8minsonpage66,andfinishexcise1and2onpage69.Keytoexcises:DBBAAADBCACDBADGiveamanafish,andyouhavefedhimfortoday.Teachamantofish,andyouhavefedhimforalifetime.(para.1)Paraphrase:ifyougiveamanafish,heonlyhasenoughtoeatforthatday.However,ifyougivehimthetoolsandtheskillstocatchfishhimself,hewillbeabletofeedhimselffortherestofhislife.Translation:授人以鱼，只救一时之急；授人以渔，那么解一生之需。WritingKnowledgeHowtoWriteanE-mail(page71)WritingStrategiesUseStrongAdjectivestoHelptheReader“See”WhatYouDescribePage73Describeaplace:TropicalcrowdedDramaticBusy