2023年高考英语考前模拟考场练手卷3（全国甲卷）

2023年高考英语考前模拟考场练手卷（全国甲卷）

03

（解析版）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关

小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemancaremostaboutthephone?

A.Itsprice.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsmodel.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Couldyoutellmehowmuchthephonecosts?

W:Around$800,Thisisthelatestmodel,andit'sverypopularwithwhite

collars.

M:Doyouofferanydiscount?Ifnot,couldyouintroducemesomething

cheaper?

2.Howdoesthemanprefertogototheairport?

A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Whataboutgoingtotheairportbybus?Iwanttohaveagoodlook

atthecitybeforeleaving.

M:Idon'tthinkthat'sagoodidea.Wedon'thavemuchtime.

W:Thenwhatabouttakingataxi?

M:No.Remember,westillhaveacheapandfastchoice.Wecantakethe

subway.

3.Wheredoestheconversation,takeplace?

A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inastore.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Excuseme,woulditbepossibletogetatableforthreenow?

M:I'mafraidallofourtablesarefilledrightnow,ma'am.Itshouldbe20to30

minutesbeforeatableisavailable.Ifyoulike,youcansitatthefrontandlookat

themenuwhileyou'rewaiting.

4.Whatwillthewomandotocooldown?

A.Gooutside.

B.Openthewindow.

C.Turnontheairconditioner.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Couldyoupleaseopenthewindow?It'salittlehotinhere.

W:DoyoumindifIturnontheairconditionerinstead?It'sabusystreetsoI'm

afraiditwouldbenoisyoutside.

M:Notatall.Thatwouldbegreat.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Arobot.B.Azoo.C.Ahotel.

【答案】C

［原文］W:HaveyouheardofFlyZooHotelinHangzhou?

M:Yes.ItisAlibaba'sfirst"futurehotel”.Nopeopleworktherebutrobots.I

expecttostaythereoneday.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,

你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.WhyisJohncallingMaria?

A.Toaskforaride.B.Todiscussameeting.C.Toborrowhercar.

7.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?

A.At7:10.B.At7:30.C.At7:40.

【答案】6.A7.C

【原文】M:Hi,Maria.It'sJohn.Sorrytocallyousoearly.Canyougivemearide

toworkthismorning?Mycarbrokedownlatelastnight,andit'sbeingfixedin

therepairshop.

W:I'dbedelightedto,butIhavetogotoworkearlytoprepareforanimportant

meeting.Doyoumindleaving30minutesearlierthanusual?

M:Notatall!lw川bereadytobepickedupin10minutes,that's7:30.

W:Youcanmakethat20.Ineedsometimetogetdressedbeforegoingout.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.WhatproblemdidJackmeetinFlorida?

A・Hegotsun-burntbadly.

B.Theweatherwaschangeable.

C.Thereweretoomanytourists.

9.WithwhomdidthewomangotoQueenstown?

A.Herfriends.B.Herfather.C.Herhusband.

10.WhatwillthewomandoforJack?

A.Buyhimagift.

B.Teachhimhowtodive.

C.Showhimsomepictures.

【答案】8.C9.A10.C

［原文】W:Well,howwasyourhoneymoon,Jack?

M:Itwasfantastic!WehadsuchagoodtimeinFlorida.Butitwastheirhigh

season,sowespenthoursqueuing.

W:Wastheweatherfinethere?

M:Yes.Floridahadgreatweatherwhilewewerethere.Bytheway,youlook

sunburnt.Wherehaveyoutraveled?

W:Well,myhusbandwasbusywithhiswork.MyfriendsandIjustgotbackfrom

Queenstown,NewZealand.

M:Wow!Queenstownhassomeofthebestbeachesintheworld,doesn'tit?

W:Yes,wearelucky.Myfriend'sfatherownedaresortthere.Wevisitedthe

placefree.Thescenerythereattractsus.Bytheway,Iboughtagiftforyouthere.

Hereyouare.

M:Oh,thankyousomuch.Didyoutakedivingclasseswhileyouwerethere?

W:Yes.

M:Divingmustbeveryinteresting.Didyoutakeanypictures?

W:Yeah.I'vealsogotquiteafewpicturesofalldifferentkindsoffishes.I'llshow

themtoyou.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Brotherandsister.B.Classmates.C.Teacherandstudent.

12.WhenwillTeresasignupforafter-schooltutoring?

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.

13.Whatwilltheboydonext?

A.CallMr.Brown.

B.ApologizetoNancy.

C.Buyanewdollhouse.

【答案】11.B12.B13.A

【原文】M:Teresa,it'sbreaktimeandwhatareyoubusydoing?

W:I'vebeentryingtosolvethisphysicsproblem.

M:WehavetoturnitinbeforeFriday.ItzsonlyMondaytoday.Whynotgetsome

after-schooltutoring?

W:Goodidea!IguessIwillgotosignupfortheWednesdaysessiontomorrow.

IllbefreethatdayM:OK.Sinceyourproblemhasbeensolved,couldyougive

meahand?IneedtobuildanewdollhouseformysisterNancy.Iputawayher

dollhousefromherroom.AccidentallyIdroppeditonthegroundanditwas

brokenintopieces.

W:Oh,it'sterrible!ButIhaveneverbuiltanythingbefore.Mr.Brownusedtobe

acarpenter.Youcanaskifhecouldhelpyou.Whydon'tyougivehimacall?

M:Youareright.WithMr.Brown'shelp,Icanfinishitinnotime.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.AtwhatagedidMichaePsgrandfatherretire?

A.55.B.58.C.61.

15.HowwouldhisretiredlifebeinMichaePsgrandfather^opinion?

A.Colorful.B.Poor.C.Dull.

16.WhydidMichaePsgrandfatherfinallyretire?

A.Tohelpoutayoungman.

B.ToworkattheUnionOffice.

C.Tospendtimewithhisfamily.

17.WhatisMichael'sgrandfatherlearningnow?

A.Skating.B.Painting.C.Swimming.

【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.B

［原文］W:Michael,whoistheoldmaninthepicture?

M:It'smygrandfather.Hetookitwhilehewasstillworkingattheconstruction

field.

W:Sohasheretiredfromtheconstructionfield?

M:Yes.He'ssixty-oneyearsoldnow,andheretiredsixyearsago.Buthehad

troubledecidingifheshouldretireatfirst.

W:Why?

M:BecausehefelthewasstillstrongBesides,hereallylovedworking.Hefeared

hisretiredlifewouldbetooboring

W:Thenwhydidhedecidetoretireintheend?

M:Hemadethedecisionafterheranintoayoungermanwhowashisformer

workmate.Theyoungmanhada

wifeandthreechildrenandwasfindingitdifficulttomakeendsmeetsincehe

hadn'tworkedforsometime.

Sothenextmorning.mygrandfatherwenttotheUnionOfficeandhandedinhis

retirementpaperwork.Asforhisreplacement,hegavethemthenameofthe

youngman.

W:Yourgrandfatherwasreallyawesome.Sowhatdoeshedonow?

M:Heisstillbusytakingcoursestolearnnewthings.Helearnedswimminglast

year.Andnowhe'sattendingapaintingclass.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatdidwildlifeofficialsdecidetodowiththewashed-updolphin?

A,Clearherstomach.

B.Putherbacktothesea.

C.Killherinapainlessway.

19.Whatwasstillunknownyet?

A.Whythedolphingotsick.

B.Whetherthedolphinwaspregnant.

C.Whatwasinthedolphin'sstomach.

20.Whereisthetalkprobablybeinggiven?

A.Inalecturehall.B.Ataradiostudio.C.Onthebeach.

【答案】18.C19.A20.B

【原文】

W:Nowthelastnewsofthishour.AfemaledolphinwasheduponFlorida's

FortMyersBeachonTuesday,accordingtolocalnewsstationWFLA.Rescue

workershadtriedtosavetheyounganimal,butshewasinsuchpoorhealththat

wildlifeofficialsdecidedtokillherinapainlessway.OnFriday,photosofthe

dolphin'sstomachcontentswerepostedontheInternet,showingshehadeaten

twoplasticbagsalongwithapieceofaballoon.Whileofficialsnotedthe

stomachcontentswereanimportantfinding.Theysaidthatitwasasyetunclear

whatexactlycausedthedolphin'sillness.Evenso,thepostsaidthatthepresence

ofthebagsandballoonshowstheneedtoreducesingle-useplastic.Reportsof

seaanimalsfoundwithplasticintheirstomachsarebecomingcommon.In

March,2019,apregnantwhalewashedupdeadoffthecoastofItalywith49

poundsofplasticinherstomach.Thesamemonth,abeachedwhalefounddead

ontheshoresofthePhilippineshad88poundsofplasticinitsstomach,including

manyplasticbags.Thankyouforyourlistening.WhatcomesnextisHealthTime.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

3HourOff-RoadSunsetSafaritoGrandCanyonwithEntranceGateDetour

Overview

ExperiencespectacularviewsoftheGrandCanyonSouthRimwithoutthe

crowds.Withthistour,you'lltaketheroadlesstraveledtoreachtheiconic

landmark,drivingalongscenicbackroadsinacomfortable4WDsafarivehicle

andavoidingthebusysouthentrancegate.StoptoadmiretheviewsfromYavapai

Point,PipeCreekCanyon,andDuckonaRockOverlook,thentimeyourarrival

towatchthesunsetfromGrandviewPoint.

WhatToExpect

*GrandCanyonSouthRimVotedbestandmostfascinating3-hourSunset

touratGrandCanyon.Informative,localguidesdescribeGrandCanyon

geologicalformations,NativeAmericanhistory,muleandhikingtrailsystems,

andtherichhistoryofthisregion.IncludesTusayanpick-up,southentrancegate

detourduring30minuteoff-roadhiking,viewingofnativewildlifesuchaselk,

deerandrarebirdspeciesintheirnaturalenvironment;endingatGrandview

PointwherethefadingsunlightturnstheCanyonintovividcolors.

3hoursAdmissionTicketIncluded

*YavapaiPointSeemagnificentvistas,ColoradoRiverandPhantomRanch.

45minutesAdmissionTicketIncluded

*PipeCreekVista

PipeCreekViewpoint

/GrandviewPoint

1hourAdmissionTicketIncluded

AdditionalInfoAYSTA

*Confirmationwillbereceivedattimeofbooking

*Notrecommendedfbrtravelerswithbackproblems

"Minimum2people-iflesscalldirectat928-638-5337

*Thistour/activitywillhaveamaximumof12travelers

CancellationPolicy

Youcancancelupto24hoursinadvanceoftheexperiencefbrafullrefund.

Anychangesmadelessthan24hoursbeforetheexperience'sstarttimewillnot

beaccepted.

Thisexperiencerequiresaminimumnumberoftravelers.Ifit'scanceled

becausetheminimumisn'tmet,you'llbeofferedadifferentdate/experienceora

fullrefund.

21.Whafsspecialaboutthetriproute?

A.Lighttraffic.B.Beautifulsunset.

C.Advancedvehicles.D.Experiencedguides.

22.Howlongdoesthetriplast?

A.3hours.B.4hours.C.4.75hours.D.5.25hours.

23.Inwhichconditioncanyoucancelwithafullrefund?

A.Livingfarfrompublictransportation.

B.Cancelingtwohoursbeforethetrip.

C.Sufferingfrombackproblemsinthetrip.

D.Failingtomeetthenumberofvisitors.

【答案】21.A22.A23.D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个三小时的大峡谷日落之旅。

21.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withthistour,you'lltaketheroadlesstraveled

toreachtheiconiclandmark,drivingalongscenicbackroadsinacomfortable

4WDsafarivehicleandavoidingthebusysouthentrancegate）在这次旅行中,

您将选择人迹罕至的道路前往标志性的地标，乘坐舒适的四驱车，沿着风景

优美的小路行驶，避开繁忙的南门）〃可知，旅行路线的特别之处是交通量小。

故选Ao

22.细节理解题。根据第二段中“*GrandCanyonSouthRimVotedbestandmost

fascinating3-hourSunsettouratGrandCanyon1*大峡谷南缘被评为最佳和最

迷人的3小时大峡谷日落之旅）〃可知，这次旅行持续3小时。故选A。

23.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Thisexperiencerequiresaminimumnumberof

travelers.Ifit'scanceledbecausetheminimumisn'tmet,you/llbeoffereda

differentdate/experienceorafullrefund」这种体验要求最少的旅行者人数。如

果因为没有达到最低要求而取消，你将获得不同的约会/体验或全额退款）〃可

知，未能满足游客的数量可以全额退款取消。故选D。

B

WhenIstartedmyownbusiness,IthoughtIhaditallfiguredout.WhenI

madethedecisiontochangemylifestyleandgetfit,IthoughtIwasontheright

track.AndwhenIpurchasedasecondbusiness,IknewIwasdoingtherightthing.

Slowingdownneveroccurredtome.

Butsomethingwaswrong.MyApplewatchbuzzedrepeatedlyinthenight,

warningmethatmyheartratewasoveronehundred.Mybodyached,myhead

pounded,andnomatterhowmuchIexercised,Iwaslosingstrength.

WlienIvisitedthedoctor,thefirstthingsheaskedwas"How'syourstress

level?^^Ishrugged."'Nothingneworoutoftheordinary.”Butsomethingwas

happeninginmybody.AmultitudeoftestsandbloodworkrevealedIhad

Graves5disease,withsymptomsthatincludeacceleratedheartrate,highblood

pressure,physicalanxiety,tiredness,andmuscleweakness.

Forthenextweek,Ire-readonlinearticlesindicatingthatstressmanagement

playedapartincontrollingGraves9disease.AndImadealistofeverythingIwas

juggling（兼顾）.Mycalendarwasfilledwithonlinemarketing,photoshoots,

websitedesign,andcopywriting.Ibarelyhadtimetoblink,letalonerelax.

Itwashardtodecidewhichwerethemostimportantanddothemfirst.I

examinedthejugglingactandtriedtodecidewhattoletgoof.Ibidfarewellto

clients,explainingIwascuttingbackandlighteningmyworkload.Whenaskedto

speakateventsortakeonnewprojects,Isaid"No."AndIfoundsomeonetohelp

meplanthatbigevent.

Untilthen,Ididn'trealizehowmuchI'dmissedthesimplejoys—littlethings

thathelpedmerelaxandrecharge,likelonghikes,takingmydogtothepark,

visitingmyfavoritebookstore,andsittingonthebackporchtowatchthesunrise.

Iknowmylimitsandwhenit'stimetostopjuggling.Tvelearnedtobekindto

myself.Istarteachdaywithmeditation（冥想）andendwithgratitude.

24.Whatdidtheauthorthinkabouthisownstresslevel?

A.Mild.B.Serious.

C.Theslightest.D.Sameasusual.

25.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthishealthconditionaftergoingtoseeadoctor?

A.Concerned.B.Puzzled.

C.Relieved.D.Curious.

26.WhatdidtheauthordoafterhewasdiagnosedwiththeGraves9disease?

A.Hequithisjob.

B.Hewentabroadtowatchthesunrise.

C.Hesloweddownhislifepace.

D.Henevergotinvolvedinanybigevent.

27.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LiveLifetotheFullest

B.MoreHasteandLessSpeed

C.WatchYourWeightWhenNecessary

D.StopRushingandPutSomethingDown

【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是自己的个人经历，作者曾经

拼命工作，最后当健康出现问题时，作者才明白自己错过了太多。

24.细节理解题。根据文章第三段"WhenIvisitedthedoctor,thefirstthingshe

askedwas"How'syourstresslevel?'】shrugged."'Nothingneworoutofthe

ordinary.〃（当我去看医生时，她问的第一件事是〃你的压力水平如何？〃我耸了

耸肩。〃没有什么新奇或不寻常的。可知，作者觉得自己的压力水平一如

往常。故选Do

25.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Forthenextweek,Ire-readonlinearticles

indicatingthatstressmanagementplayedapartincontrollingGraves'disease.

AndImadealistofeverythingIwasjuggling（兼顾）.Mycalendarwasfilledwith

onlinemarketing,photoshoots,websitedesign,andcopywriting.Ibarelyhad

timetoblink,letalonerelax.（接下来的一周,我重新阅读了网上的文章，这些

文章表明压力管理在控制格雷夫斯病中起了一定作用。我把我要做的事情都

列了一个清单。我的日程表被在线营销、照片拍摄、网站设计和文案填满了。

我连眨眼的时间都没有，更不用说放松了。广可知，作者在得知自己患病后,

不知道自己为什么会患病，所以查询了相关的资料。所以，得知自己患病后,

作者觉得有点困惑。故选B。

26.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"Itwashardtodecidewhichwerethe

mostimportantanddothemfirst.Iexaminedthejugglingactandtriedtodecide

whattoletgoof.Ibidfarewelltoclients,explainingIwascuttingbackand

lighteningmyworkload.Whenaskedtospeakateventsortakeonnewprojects,

Isaid"No."AndIfoundsomeonetohelpmeplanthatbigevent.（很难决定哪些

是最重要的，并先做它们。我审视着自己所做的事情，试图决定放开什么。

我向客户告别，解释说我正在削减工作，减轻工作量。当被要求在活动上发

言或接受新项目时，我说“不〃。我找到了一个人帮我策划那个大活动。）〃可

知，作者开始减轻工作量，放慢自己的生活节奏。故选C。

27.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"Slowingdownneveroccurredtome.俄从

来没想过慢下来。）〃以及最后一段"Untilthen,Ididn'trealizehowmuchI'd

missedthesimplejoys—littlethingsthathelpedmerelaxandrecharge,likelong

hikes,takingmydogtothepark,visitingmyfavoritebookstore,andsittingon

thebackporchtowatchthesunrise.Iknowmylimitsandwhenit'stimetostop

juggling.I'velearnedtobekindtomyself.Istarteachdaywithmeditation（冥想）

andendwithgratitude.（直到那时,我才意识到我错过了多么简单的快乐——

帮助我放松和充电的小事情，比如长途远足，带我的狗去公园，去我最喜欢

的书店，坐在后门廊上看日出。我知道我的极限，知道什么时候该停止工作。

我学会了善待自己。我以冥想开始每一天，以感恩结束每一天。）〃及全文可

知，文章主要讲述的是，作者曾经忙于自己的事业，从未想过慢下来。后来

身体健康出现了问题，作者最终意识到自己错过了很多，开始放下手头的生

活，开始了自己的慢生活。所以"MoreHasteandLessSpeed（欲速则不达）”作

为文章标题最为合适。故选D。

C

Nightmares,orbaddreams,areterrible.Tvedreamtaboutthrowingup,

animalsswallowingme,andsomeonebreakingintomyhouse—allcausingmeto

wakeupinthemiddleofthenight,heartracing,anxietygrowingoutofcontrol.

Sometimes,mybaddreamsreflectexactlywhatI'mfeelinganxiousabout.Other

times,they'reaboutsomethingelse,butstillseeminglycausedbymyanxiety

levels.Tofindoutifanxietyreallycancausebaddreams,Iwentstraighttothe

experts.

TheexpertsIspokewithagreedthatanxietycouldcontributetobaddreams.

"Thoughtsfilledwithanxietywhilesomeoneisasleepcanmanifest（显现）

themselvesasbaddreamsorstressdreams,saidAlexDimitriu,adouble

board-certifiedphysicianinpsychiatryandsleepmedicine."Stressdreams,such

asmissinganimportantevent,atest,oraflight,areoftenquitecommoninpeople

undergoingstressduringtheirdailylives.”

Althoughthereasonswhywedreamarenotfullyunderstood,theremaybe

timeswhenyourmindissimplytryingtoworkthroughachallengefromthatday

—onethatcanbecausingyoutofeelanxious.6tWedoknowfromresearchthat

thebraincontinuestoworkonsolvingproblemsduringsleep,“explainedJason

Durant,aNewYork-basedlicensedclinicalpsychologist.

Inthatsense,dreamingcanactuallybeagoodthing,evenifitfeels

uncomfortableatthetime."Themindisattemptingtoprompt（促使）youtouse

thetoolsyousuccessfullyusedbeforewheninasimilarlifesituation,orto

remindyouwhatdidnotworkandtotrysomethingnew,“saidNancyIrwin,a

clinicalpsychologist.

Anyhow,baddreamsmaybethelastthingyouwant.Youmaynotbeableto

preventbaddreamscompletely,butyoucanfocusonmanagingyouranxiety

duringtheday,whichmayhelpalleviate（减轻）theproblem.Dr.Dimitriu

suggestsgoingforawalk,talkingtofriendsandjournalingtoprocessyour

feelingsthroughouttheday.Then,intheevenings,stepawayfromyourdevices,

andtakesometimetoplotoutastrategyfordealingwiththethingsthatare

causingyoustress.

28.Whydoestheauthormentionhis/herexperiencesofbaddreams?

A.Tosayanxietyisverycommon.

B.Toanalyzethecauseofbaddreams.

C.Tofindanxietylevelsinadream.

D.Toprovebaddreamsareunavoidable.

29.Whatdoestheword“themselves”underlinedinparagraph2referto?

A.Baddreams.

B.Sleepingpeople.

C.Stressfulevents.

D.Anxiousthoughts.

30.HowdobaddreamsbenefitusinNancyIrwin'sopinion?

A.Theykeepusfreeofanxiety.

B.Theyhelpusdealwithproblems.

C.Theyallowustorecallthepast.

D.Theywarnustoremaincautious.

31.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Adviceonhowtoreducebaddreams.

B.Waystototallypreventdreaming.

C.Howtorelieveanxietythroughexercise.

D.Howtoimprovesleepqualityatnight.

【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。专家指出，人们日常的一些焦虑心理会反映在

梦境中，形成噩梦，不过这些梦从某种角度来说对人们还是有一定好处的，

文章还给出了减少噩梦的一些建议。

28.推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是"Sometimes,mybaddreams

reflectexactlywhatI'mfeelinganxiousabout.Othertimes,they'reabout

somethingelse,butstillseeminglycausedbymyanxietylevels.Tofindoutif

anxietyreallycancausebaddreams,Iwentstraighttotheexperts.（有时候，我

的噩梦恰恰反映了我焦虑的事情。其他时候，它们是关于其他事情的，但似

乎仍然是由我的焦虑水平引起的。为了弄清楚焦虑是否真的会导致噩梦，我

直接去找了专家）〃可推断，作者提到自己的噩梦经历是为了分析噩梦产生的

原因。故选B项。

29.词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thoughtsfilledwithanxietywhilesomeoneis

asleepcanmanifest（显现）themselvesasbaddreamsorstressdreams,（当一个

人睡着时，充满焦虑的想法会表现为噩梦或有压力的梦）〃可推断，画线词

指代句中的即故

themselves"Thoughtsfilledwithanxiety”,Anxiousthoughts0

选D项。

30.推理判断题。根据第四段“Themindisattemptingtoprompt（促使）youto

usethetoolsyousuccessfullyusedbeforewheninasimilarlifesituation,orto

remindyouwhatdidnotworkandtotrysomethingnew（大脑试图促使你用你

以前在类似的生活情况下成功使用的工具，或者提醒你什么是无效的，提醒

你尝试一些新的东西）〃可知，NancyIrwin认为噩梦中，大脑会给我们信号，

联系过去的经历、经验，有助于我们找到解决问题的方法。故选B项。

31.主旨大意题。通读最后一段"Dr.Dimitriusuggestsgoingforawalk,talkingto

friendsandjournalingtoprocessyourfeelingsthroughouttheday.Then,inthe

evenings,stepawayfromyourdevices,andtakesometimetoplotoutastrategy

fordealingwiththethingsthatarecausingyoustress.（Dimitriu博士建议去散

步，和朋友聊天，写日记来处理你一天的感受。然后，在晚上，远离你的电

子设备，花点时间制定一个策略来处理那些给你带来压力的事情）〃可知，最

后一段给出了减少噩梦的建议。故选A项。

D

Babieshaveanastonishingtalentthatadultsentirelylose.Bytheageofone,

theycanrecognisethesignificantnoisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoa

language.Whenwehavelostthiscapacityasadults,itbecomesenormously

difficulttodistinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanative

speaker.ItallsoundsGreektous.Thisisbecausetherangeofpossiblesounds

thathumansusetoconveymeaningmaybeashighas2,000,butfewlanguages

usemorethan100andeventhenthesignificantnoises-thephonemes（音素）of

alanguage—eachcoverarangeofsoundsandsovaguedistinctionswhichwould

changethemeaningofawordinotherlanguages.

Butwheredothesephonemescomefromandwhydotheyshiftovertime?

Newresearchsuggeststhattheapparentlyarbitrarydistributionofsomesounds

aroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexplainedbydiet.Thisisunexpected.We'd

ratherthinkoflanguageasproductofourthought,ratherthanofthearrangement

ofourteeth.Inreality,though,anygivenlanguagemustbeboth.

Huntergathererlanguagesveryseldomusethesoundsknownaslabiodentals

（唇齿音）一thosesuchasfandv—thataremadebytouchingthelowerlipwith

theupperteeth.OnlytwoofthehundredsofAustralianaboriginallanguagesuse

them,forexample.Butinculturesthathavediscoveredfarming,theseconsonants

（辅音）aremuchmorecommon.Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecooked

foodandmoredairythanhuntergatherers.Eitherway,theyneedtochewmush

less,andtobitelesswiththeirfrontteeth.Sofarmersgrewupwithsmallerlower

jawsandmoreofanoverbitethantheirancestorswhohadtobitethroughharder

foods.Itbecameeasierforthemtomakethelabiodentalconsonantsinsteadof

purelylabial（唇音）ones:oneexampleisthatfcometotaketheplaceofp.

Romanssaid"pater“butEnglishspeakers（unlessthey'reRees—Moggs）say

“father”.

Beyondtheseparticularchanges,thestoryhighlightsthewayinwhich

everythingdistinctivelyhumanisbothmaterialandspiritual:speechmust

combinesoundandmeaning,andthemeaningcan'texistorbetransmitted

withoutarealobject.Butneithercanitbereducedtothepurelyphysical,asour

inabilitytounderstandoreventorecogniseforeignlanguagesmakesclear.The

foodweeatshapesourjaws,andourjawsinturnshapethesoundsofour

language.Theeasewithwhichweeatprobablyshapesourthoughttoo,asanyone

whohassufferedtoothachecouldtestify.Whatweeatmayhaveshapedthe

soundsofourlanguage,buthowweeatchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuse

languagetoexpress.Afamilymealisverydifferentfromasandwichattheoffice

desk,evenifthecalorieisthesame.Foodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyond

keepingusaliveandpleasingthePalate（味觉）.

32.Comparedwithadults,babiescouldmoreeasily.

A.createsignificantnoisesB.classifytheformsofnoises

C.understandtheGreeklanguageD.distinguishmeaningfulsounds

33.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingfactorshelpshape

language?

A•Lipsandteeth.B.Jobsandhabits.

C.Ageandregions.D.Foodandthinking.

34.Thereasonforfarmers1makingsoundsof'了'andis.

A.enjoyingmorecookedfoodsB.bitingmorewithfrontteeth

C.constantlychewingharderfoodsD.growingupwithlagerlowerjaws

35.Bywritingthispassage,theauthorintendstoreveal.

A.jawshelpshapeourthought

B,fooddeterminesourthought

C.diethassomeinfluenceonlanguage

D.languageconsistsofsoundandmeaning

【答案】32.D33.D34.A35.C

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要叙述了人们一直以来认为语言是思想的产物,

但是有新的研究表明饮食对于语言也会产生一些影响。且以f和v的发音为

例，揭示了农民们发〃f〃和〃v〃音的原因是他们喜欢吃更多的熟食。同时这也

强调了人类特有的一切都是物质和精神的结合:语言必须把声音和意义结合

起来，没有真实的物体，意义就不可能存在或传播。

32.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Bytheageofone,theycanrecognizethe

significantnoisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.可知——岁的婴儿

和成人相比更能识别出周围的重要声音，故选D。

33.细节理解题。第二段第二句Newresearchsuggeststhattheapparently

arbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartially

explainedbydiet.可知某些声音在世界范围内的任意分布，部分可以用饮食来

解释。本段提到sound和diet是有关系的,也就是food食物；另外也和思考

有关theproductofthought,本段最后说到和两者都有关系。因此答案选择D。

34.细节理解题。根据第三段Theargumentgoesthatfamerseatmorecooked

foodandmoredairythanhuntergatherers.可知农民比狩猎采集者吃更多的熟

食和奶制品，即农民们发〃f〃和“V〃音的原因是他们喜欢吃更多的熟食。故选Ao

35.主旨大意题。根据第二段We'dratherthinkoflanguageasproductofour

thought,ratherthanofthearrangementofourteeth.Inreality,though,any

givenlanguagemustbeboth.可知任何•种语言的诞生都必须同时具备思想和

饮食这两种因素的影响。以及文章内容可知叙述的都是日常饮食和发音对语

言的影响，故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满