统计流程控制

按一下以編輯母片標題樣式按一下以編輯母片副標題樣式1统计流程控制OutlineQualityDefinitionHouseofQuality(HOQ)ApplicationStatisticalProcessControl(SPC)統計流程控制TheCostofQuality品質成本QualityExpertsandKeyConceptsTQMQualitycircleSixSigmaISO90002IT/SinManufacturingDefinitionofQualityConformancetorequirements與需求相符:meetingwrittenspecifications3IT/SinManufacturingASimpleHOQ（HouseofQuality)MatrixAmatrixdefinestherelationshipbetweentherequirementsofcustomerandproductcharacteristic4IT/SinManufacturingAnexampleofHOQMatrixCustomer’srequirementsproductcharacteristic5IT/SinManufacturingADetailedHOQ客戶對商品之認知及比較產品特性相互關係重要性技術評估及目標值6IT/SinManufacturingAnexampleofDetailedHOQMatrix7IT/SinManufacturingLinkedQualityFunctionDeployment(QFD)品質功能部署Matrices品質屋組件選用流程規畫生產需求8IT/SinManufacturingQualityFunctionDeployment(QFD)品質功能部署之優點常用之工具，製造及服務業皆然有系統的暸解客戶需求，並轉換成技術需求。便於提早確定產品特性，降低修改設計的風險，減少產品之前置時間。利於單位間之協調與合作可借以開發出新產品9IT/SinManufacturing統計流程控制StatisticalProcessControl(SPC)-OutofControl10IT/SinManufacturing都在區間內，且接近平均值上下比例大至相同無不常之型態統計流程控制StatisticalProcessControl(SPC)-inControl11IT/SinManufacturingTheCostofQuality品質成本Costofconformance(COC):deliveringproductsthatmeetrequirementsandfitnessforuse達到完成品符合需求，並適合使用所耗費的成本Costofnonconformance(CONC):takingresponsibilityforfailuresornotmeetingqualityexpectations負擔失敗或未能與品質期望相符責任的成本12IT/SinManufacturingCostofQuality13IT/SinManufacturingFiveCostCategoriesRelatedtoQualityPreventioncost:thecostofplanningandexecutingaprojectsoitiserror-freeorwithinanacceptableerrorrange「預防成本」Appraisalcost:thecostofevaluatingprocessesandtheiroutputstoensurequality「鑑定成本」Internalfailurecost:costincurredtocorrectanidentifieddefectbeforethecustomerreceivestheproduct「內部錯誤成本」Externalfailurecost:costthatrelatestoallerrorsnotdetectedandcorrectedbeforedeliverytothecustomer「外部錯誤成本」Measurementandtestequipmentcosts:capitalcostofequipmentusedtoperformpreventionandappraisalactivities「衡量與測試設備成本」14IT/SinManufacturing品質成本（傳統vs.現在觀點比較）15IT/SinManufacturingModernQualityManagementrequirescustomersatisfaction客戶滿意preferspreventiontoinspection預防勝於檢驗recognizesmanagementresponsibilityforquality確認品質管理的責任16IT/SinManufacturingQualityExpertsDemingwasfamousforhisworkinrebuildingJapanandhis14points戴明十四點管理原則JuranwrotetheQualityControlHandbookand10stepstoqualityimprovement裘蘭「品質改善」CrosbywroteQualityisFreeandsuggestedthatorganizationsstriveforzerodefectsIshikawadevelopedtheconceptofqualitycirclesandpioneeredtheuseofFishbonediagrams石川馨「品管圈」及「魚骨圖」Taguchidevelopedmethodsforoptimizingtheprocessofengineeringexperimentation田口玄一「品質工程」Feigenbaumdevelopedtheconceptoftotalqualitycontrol魏根堡「全面品質控制」17IT/SinManufacturingFishboneorIshikawaDiagram18IT/SinManufacturingQualityCircle品管圈組織訓練問題辨認問題分析解決報告19IT/SinManufacturingNormalDistributionandStandardDeviation常態分配與標準差20IT/SinManufacturingSixSigmaandDefectiveUnits21IT/SinManufacturingDMAICDefine:Definetheproblem/opportunity,process,andcustomerrequirementsMeasure:Definemeasures,collect,compile,anddisplaydataAnalyze:ScrutinizeprocessdetailstofindimprovementopportunitiesImprove:GeneratesolutionsandideasforimprovingtheproblemControl:Trackandverifythestabilityoftheimprovementsandthepredictabilityofthesolution22IT/SinManufacturingTotalQualityManagement(TQM)CustomersDefineQualityQualityLead