2023外研版新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习-Unit 3-Unit 4

Unit3—Unit4

阶段达标检测

（满分:120分;时间:100分钟）

第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Thecapitalofacountryisoftenadenselypopulatedcitywheremuchhistoryhasbeenmade

duetothehigh-levelpoliticalandeconomicfunctionsthatoccurthere.However,sometimes

governmentleadersdecidetomovethecapitalfromonecitytoanother.Capitalrelocationhasbeen

donehundredsoftimesthroughouthistory.TheancientEgyptians,Romans,andChinesechanged

theircapitalsfrequently.

Somecountrieschoosenewcapitalsthataremoreeasilydefendedinatimeofinvasion（侵略）

orwar.Somenewcapitalsareplannedandbuiltinpreviouslyundevelopedareastopromote

development.Countriessometimeschangetheircapitalsbecausetheyexpectsometypeofpolitical,

social,oreconomicbenefit.Theyhopeandexpectthatthenewcapitalswillsurelydevelopinto

culturaltreasuresandhopefullymakethecountryamorestableplace.

Hereisthecapitalrelocationofsomecountriesthathasoccurredinapproximatelythelastfew

centuries.

JapanfromKyototoTokyo—1868

AsiaTurkeyfromIstanbultoAnkara-1923

IsraelfromTelAviv-JaffatoJerusalem一1949

PolandfromKrakowtoWarsaw—1596

EuropeFinlandfromTurkutoHelsinki—1812

ItalyfromTurintoFlorencetoRome——1871

TheTheUSfromPhiladelphiatoWashingtonD.C.一1800

AmericasJamaicafromPortRoyaltoSpanishTowntoKingston-1872

New

OceaniafromAucklandtoWellington-1865

Zealand

!.Whydidsomecountriesdecidetomovethecapital?

A.Tofurtherexpandtheirland.

B.Touncoverancienttreasures.

C.Todevelopundevelopedareas.

D.Todeclarewaronanothercountry.

2.Whichcountrywastheearliesttomoveitscapitalinthechart?

A.Turkey.B.Poland.C.TheUS.D.NewZealand.

3.WhatdoItalyandJamaicahaveincommon?

A.Theymovedthecapitalsmorethanonce.

B.Theircapitalsweredestroyedinthewar.

C.Theymovedtheircapitalsinthesameyear.

D.Theircapitalsweremovedbecauseoftheeconomy.

B

HungarianJewishactivistRezsoKasztner,abrilliant,self-confidentlawyerandjournalist,was

directlyresponsibleforliberating1,684JewsonatraintoSwitzerland.

StrugglingtosavetheHungarianJews,bythewarended,hehadpreservedsome100,000more

livesbybargaining（讨价还价）withtheNazis,includingAdolfEichmannandKurtBecheramong

otherofficers.HedidthisbymakinguseoftheNaziweaknessesofgreedandneedforgoods.

Kasztnerofferedmoney,jewelryandthepromiseofwarmateriel（物资）thatheknewcouldneverbe

deliveredinexchangeforJewishlives.Heandtheotheractivistswereabletosaveonlyasmall

numberoftheirpeople,asnearlyhalfamillionHungarians.

JewsweresenttoAuschwitztobekilledinjustafewmonths.Theselectionofthosewhowere

saved,especiallyonthetrain,hadbotheredKasztnereversince.

Afterthewar,KasztnerandhisfamilyemigratedtoIsrael,whereheexpectedtobewelcomed

asahero.Instead,theyfoundtensionbetweensettlersandrefugees（难民），andbecauseKasztner

hadtopretendtomakefriendswiththeNazis,hewasattackedasaNazicollaborator（勾结者）.

Whenhechargedoneofhisaccusers[amanwhowasjealous（嫉妒）ofhimbackinHungary]with

libel（诽谤罪）,thejudgeruledagainsthimbecauseofthestruggleforpowerbetweenthepolitical

partiesinIsrael.

TherealRezsoKasztnerwasanextraordinarymanwhoplayedahigh-riskgamewiththedevil.

Andhewonintheonlygameofsavinghumanlives.Heachievedmoreinhiswaythananyother

individualinNazi-occupiedEurope.Intheendallhelostwashisownlife.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutRezsoKasztnerfromthepassage?

A.HeonceworkedonatraininSwitzerland.

B.HewasfamousasalawyerandjournalistthroughoutEurope.

C.HedevotedhimselftosavingJewishpeopleduringthewar.

D.HemadealotofmoneybytradingwiththeNaziofficers.

5.WhatdidKasztnerexpectwhenheemigratedtoIsrael?

A.Toreceiveahero,swelcome.

B.TobeshelteredbytheNazis.

C.Togetmoresupport.

D.Tosavemorepeople.

6.WhydidthecourtruleagainstKasztnerinIsrael?

A.BecausehewasaNazicollaborator.

B.BecausehedefendedtheNazisasalawyer.

C.BecausehedeclaredthelawofIsraelunjust.

D.BecausehegotcaughtinIsraelipoliticalconflict.

7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Aman,sheroicdeedsinsavingHungarianJews.

B.ThecrimescommittedbytheNazis.

C.ThedarknessofNazi-occupiedEurope.

D.People,sdifferentviewsaboutheroes.

C

JohnHarrisonhasanenviablejobinmostpeople,sopinion.He,stheofficialtasterforDreyer,s

GrandIceCream,oneofthebest-sellingicecreambrandsintheU.S.A.Onanaverageday,Harrison

hastosamplesixtyicecreamsattheDreyer,sheadquarters.Whenheisn,tdoingthat,hetravelsall

overthecountry,buyingDreyer,sicecreaminsupermarketssothathecancarryoutspotchecks（⅛

查）onappearanceandflavor.But,nomatterhowwonderfulthisjobmaysound,itisactuallyquite

tough.It,sdifficultwork,requiringdiscipline,selflessness,andthoroughpreparation.

Beforetastingasample,Harrisonuseshiseyesfirst.Iftheicecreamdoesn,tlookattractive,he

skipsit.Then,heusesagoldspooninsteadofonemadeofwood,plastic,orothermetal.Thisis

becauseregularspoonsleaveanaftertastethatcandullthetastebuds（味蕾）.Inaddition,the

temperatureoftheicecreammayalsoinfluencethetaster,stastebuds.

WhenHarrisonsamplesicecream,hefirsttakesonlyasmallbiteoftheicecream,SWiSheS（使

嗖地快速移动）itaroundinhismouthtointroduceittoeachofhistastebuds,lightlylickshislips,

andthengentlybreathesinsoastobringthesmellupthroughthebackofhismouthtohisnose.

Witheachstep,hecarefullysizesupwhethertheicecreamconveystheidealbalancebetweendairy

sweetnessandtheflavoroftheaddedingredients.Andlastofall,nomatterwhattheicecreamtastes

like,hespits（⅛）itout,sinceafullstomachmakesforadullPalate（味觉）.

ForHarrison,keepingasharppalatemeansnoonions,garlic,orcayennepepper.Healso

doesn,thaveanycoffeeortea,sincetheseblockthetastebuds.Buttohim,thisisjustasmallprice

topayforwhathecalls“theworld,sbestjob,∖

Harrison,sfamilyhasbeenintheicecreambusinessforfourgenerations,andHarrisonhimself

hasspentalmosthiswholelifeinitaswell.Yet,hehasneverlosthisloveofthecold,creamy

sweetness.Heordersicecreaminrestaurantsfordessert,evenwhenhe,snotatwork.Onthese

occasions,heswallowstheicecream,takinginaboutaliteraweek.Thoughhehasgainedsome

weightovertheyearshe,sbeenwithDreyer,s,hecouldn,tcareless.ςςWhowouldtrustaskinnyice

creamtaster?”hejokes.

8.WhatisforbiddeninHarrison,sjob?

A.Doingshopping.B.Eatingtheicecream.

C.Usinggoldspoons.D.Skippingtheicecream.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutHarrison?

A.Helearnedhisworkskillsfromhisfamily.

B.Hisjobaffectshisappetitefortheicecream.

C.Heiswillingtogiveupsomethingforhisjob.

D.Hehastogainsomeweighttomeettheneedofthework.

10.WhatdoesHarrisonthinkofhisjob?

A.Creative.B.Ordinary.C.High-paid.D.Proud.

1l.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.TodescribeHarrison,sjobandhowhedoesit.

B.ToanalyzethereasonswhyHarrisonchosehisjob.

C.Tomakesuggestionsonhowtoapplyforpopularcareers.

D.Tointroducetheadvantagesofworkingforabest-sellingbrand.

D

Ifyoucouldchangeyourchildren,sDNAinthefuturetoprotectthemagainstdiseases,would

you?ItcouldbepossiblebecauseoftechnologyknownasCRISPR.

CRISPRinvolvesapieceofRNA,achemicalmessenger,designedtoworkononepartofDNA;

italsousesanenzyme（酸）thatcantakeunwantedgenesoutandputnewonesin,accordingtoThe

Economist.ThereareotherwaysofeditingDNA,butCRISPRwilldoitverysimply,quickly,and

exactly.

TheuseofCRISPRcouldmeanthatcuresaredevelopedforeverythingfromAlzheimer,s

diseasetocancertoAIDS.Byallowingdoctorstoputjusttherightcancer-killinggenesintoa

patient,simmunesystem,thetechnologycouldhelpgreatly.

TheUS,NationalAcademyofSciencesplanstodiscussquestionsaboutCRISPR,sethics（道德

原则）.Forexample,CRISPRdoesn,tworkproperlyyet.AswellascuttingtheDNAitislookingfor,

itoftencutsotherDNA,too.Inaddition,wecurrentlyseemtohavetoolittleunderstandingofwhat

DNAgivespeoplewhatqualities.

Therearealsomoralquestionsaround“playingGod”.Ofcourse,medicinealreadystopsnatural

thingsfromhappening-forexample,itsavespeoplefrominfections.Theopportunitiestotreat

diseasesmakeithardtosayweshouldn,tkeepgoing.

Also,accordingtoTheEconomist,geneeditingmaymeanthatparentsmakechoicesthatare

notobviouslyinthebestinterestsoftheirchildren:uDeafparentsmayprefertheirchildrentobedeaf

too;parentsmightwanttomaketheirchildrenmoreintelligentatallcosts.,,

Intheend,moreresearchisstillneededtoseewhatwecanandcan,tdowithCRISPR.ςςIt,s

stillahugemysteryhowwework,“CraigMello,aUMassChanMedicalSchoolbiologistandNobel

Prizewinner,toldTheBostonGlobe.ςςWe,rejusttryingtofigureoutthisamazinglycomplicated

thingwecalllife7,

12.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Whatwecanandcan,tdowithCRISPR.

B.TheadvantagesofCRISPRandargumentsaboutitsethics.

C.HowCRISPRwasdevelopedbyscientists.

D.Scientists,experimentsofusingCRISPRtoedithumanembryos.

13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“playingGod''inParagraph5mean?

ATlayingjokesonreligiouspeople.

B.AskingGodtohelpdealwithmoralquestions.

C-FollowingtheinstructionsofGod.

D.Doingthingsthatgoagainstnature.

14.Accordingtothepassage,thetechnologyofCRISPR.

A.isverysafebecauseitonlycutstheDNAitislookingfor

B.isveryhelpfultocurepeopleofanydisease

C.couldcauseparentstomakeunwisechoicesfortheirchildren

D.couldhelpusunderstandhowcomplicatedlifeis

15.Whatistheauthor,sattitudetowardsCRISPR?

A.Objective.B.Worried.

C.Negative.D.Supportive.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

IfyouneedtoprovewhoyouareinChina,youwillusuallyneedtouseanIDcard.Itshows

yourname,dateofbirth,address,nationality,photoandIDnumber.16In2018,Alipay

introduceditsfirstelectronicIDcard.ThecardisanelectronicversionoftherealIDcardandis

recognizedbytheMinistryofPublicSecurity.17UserscansimplyselectςςWebID“intheapp

andfollowtheinstructions.

TheelectronicIDcardcannowbeusedinsomecities,suchasHangzhou,QuzhouandFuzhou.

Peopleinthesecitiescanusethecardtocheckintohotels,buytrainticketsanddoothertasks.

18

“19EveniftheyforgettheirIDcards,theycanstillgetthingsdone.Sincetheprocessis

simplified,italsomakesthingseasierforgovernmentofficesandcompanies/9theMayorofQuzhou

said.

It,ssafetouseAlipay,snewservice,incaseyouareworriedthatsomeonemightstealyour

identity.20Then,youhavetopassbothafingerprintandfacialrecognitionscanbeforeyoucan

usetheelectronicIDcard.

A.Thisgivespeopleanotherchoice.

B.ThesafetyoftheelectronicIDcardisthemainconcern.

C.Theydon,thavetoshowtheirstandardIDcardsanymore.

D.ButnotallpeoplehavewelcomedtheelectronicIDcard.

E.Butnow,youcanproveyouridentityusingyoursmartphone.

F.It,squiteeasytogetanelectronicIDcardbyusingtheAlipayapp.

G.First,youmustunlockyourphone,andenteryourAlipaypassword.

16.17.18.19.20.

第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

WhenIwasaboy,Idreamedofmyfuture.Iwasgoingtobeacowboy.ThenIdreamedof

beingafirefighterand21peoplefromburningbuildings.Ijustcouldn,t22togrowupand

beanadult.AfterIwenttocollegeandthosedreams23.IthoughtIwouldbeascientist,and

thenIswitchedtobeingateacher.WhenI24andhadchildren,mydreamsofthefuture

changedagain.Nowitwasn,ta25careerthatIdreamedofbutatimewhenIcouldbesettled

and26.

Thatdream,ofcourse,didn,t27.Infact,noneofthosedreamsevercametolife.Ittookme

manyyearsaswellto28thatlivinginadreamyfuturewaslivingina29andthateach

momentIspenttherewastakingamomentawayfromthe30NOW.Isawthattherecouldbe

noperfect,problem-freefuturebecauseproblemsarepartof31.

ItisonlyintheNOWthatwecantrulylive.Ourdreamsforthefuturearejustthat:32.

Whethertheycometrueornotisn,tas33ashowWeliveeachdayhere.Ahugsharedtodaycan

neverbe34.Anactofkindnessnotgivennowislostforever.Amomentoflovemissedcan

neverbe35again.EachsecondoftheNOWispreciousandpriceless.Don,twasteanyoneof

them.

21.AJiberatingB.carrying

C.rescuingD.supporting

22.A.waitB.stop

C.stayD.rest

23.A.remainedB.matched

C.brokeD.changed

24.A.retiredB.married

C.succeededD.divorced

25.A.certainB.firm

C.promisingD.professional

26.A.silentB.gentle

C.secureD.uncertain

27.A.loseB.happen

C.produceD.destroy

28.A.assessB.appreciate

C.concludeD.realize

29.A.hopeB.fantasy

C.fableD.sight

30.A.preciousB.favorite

C.commonD.popular

3l.A.activitiesB.movement

C.lifeD.business

32.A.realitiesB.dreams

C.purposesDlreasures

33.A.famousB.serious

C.impressiveD.important

34.A.replacedB.followed

C.recoveredD.analysed

35.A.pickedupB.brokenup

C.madeupD.putup

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Thelastsatellite36(complete)China,sBeiDou-3NavigationSatelliteSystemwas

launchedandsentintoorbitonJune23,2020andis37goodcondition.Thelaunchmarkedthe

completionofthein-orbit38(construct)ofBeiDou,thecountry,slargestspace-basedsystem

andoneoffourglobalnavigationnetworksalongwiththeUnitedStates9GPS,Russia,sGLONASS

andtheEuropeanUnion,sGalileo.Somemedical39(worker)fromacrossSichuanProvince

40hadfoughtagainstCOVID-19wereinvitedtowitnessthelandmarklaunchatthespace

center.

Afteraperiodofin-orbittests,thenewsatellitewillbegintooperate41(formal)andwork

withothersatellites,allowingusersaroundtheglobetoaccesshigh-accuracynavigation,positioning

andtimingservices.Theattempttoestablishadomestically42(develop)satellitenetworkfor

navigationandpositioningwasinitiatedin1983,andthecountrybeganresearchanddevelopmentof

itsownspace-basednavigationandpositioningsystemin1994,43(aim)toreduceitsrelianceon

foreignnetworks.Since2000,44totalof59satellites,includingthefirstfourexperimentalones,

45_(launch)fromXichang.

“Chinawillcontinueimprovingthesystem,scapabilitiesandservices/9theChinaSatellite

NavigationOfficesaid.

36.37.38.39.40.

41.42.43.44.45.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华,你校将邀请中国科学技术馆的专家Dai先生来为全校师生做主题为“未来与

科技发展”的演讲,请你写一封邮件邀请在你校做交换生的Chris来听此次演讲,内容包括：

1.时间和地点；

2.主要内容；

3.期待对方的出席。

注意：

L词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Iwaspackedandreadytogoskiingforthefirsttime.ItfeltlikeIwasabouttotakean

adventurewiththeworldatmyfeet.Feelingempowered,Iknewsomethingbrilliantwasgoingto

comeoutofthetrip.Iwasmorethanexcitedatthethoughtofspendinganentireweekwithmybest

friend,Lindsay,hangingoutandenjoyingwinter.

EarlyMondaymorningmyyouthgroupboardedourbusfortheskitrip.Onceatthedestination,

wesawtheskiersfloatingsoeasilyandgracefullydowntheslopes.BythetimeIgotmyskisand

boots,IwasconfidentthatI,dbeafantasticskier.Duringthelessons,Imasteredtheartofskiing

within30minutes.Afterspendingmostofthetimepracticingagainandagainontherunfor

beginners,wewereabletoflydownthehillbytheendoftheday.Intheevening,weallfelt

extremelytired.Complainingaboutthepainourskibootshadcaused,LindsayandIdecidedwe

won,tskithenextday.Well,ofcourse,ourfriendswouldn,thearofthat.

So,thenextmorningwefoundourselvesinlinefortheskilift,whichwounditswayupthe

highmountain.LindsayandIstaredhelplesslyateachother,oureyesshowingnothingbutfear.

AfterIgotintothelift,Isattotallystillonthechairwithmyeyescloselyshut,notdaringtolook

outside.TheliftrosesofastthatbeforeIknewit,Ihadfloatedupthemountain.WhenIfinally

openedmyeyes,Ifoundmyselfatthetopinonepiece.ThankgoodnessIwasstillalive!

Standingatthetopofthelongslope,withtheskispointingdownward,IrealizedIwasshaking.

IglancedatLindsayandfoundthatshewasscared,too,forherpoleskepttappingrapidlyagainstthe

sidesofherboots.

Takingadeepbreathandgatheringallourcourage,wegaveeachotheranencouragingnodand

bothtookoff.AtfirstIbarelymoved,butslowlyIallowedmyselftogainsomespeed.SoonIwas

shootingdownthemountainwithmyheartbeatingwildly.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph1:

Thenasharpturningsuddenlycameintoview.

Paragraph2:

IwasonthepointofcryingwhenIfeltahandonmyshoulder.

Unit3—Unit4

第一部分阅读

第一节

A

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史上一些国家迁都的原因,并列举了一些近几

个世纪进行迁都的国家。

1.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知一些国家迁都是为开发落后的地区,故选C。

2.B细节理解题。对比表格中各个国家迁都的时间可知,波兰迁都的时间(1596)最早。故选Bo

3.A推理判断题。根据表格中的“ItalyfromTurintoFlorencetoRome—1871,,⅛ςtJamaica

fromPortRoyaltoSpanishTowntoKingston—1872”可知,意大利和牙买加的共同之处在于这两

个国家都不止一次迁都,故选Ao

B

◎语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了解救犹太人的英雄李泽斯・卡斯特纳的英勇行

为。

4.C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,在战争时期,卡斯特纳积极投身于拯救犹太人。故

选C。

5.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知,卡斯特纳和家人在移民到以色列后,他希望能

得到英雄般的欢迎。故选A。

6.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,因为以色列政党之间的权力斗争,卡斯特纳

被判为败诉。故选D。

7.A主旨大意题。文章第一段是对卡斯特纳的简要介绍;第二、三段讲述了卡斯特纳为解救

犹太人所做的努力;第四段讲述了战后人们对待卡斯特纳的态度;第五段是对卡斯特纳的评价。

综合各段的主要内容,尤其是根据第一段和最后一段可知文章主要讲的是卡斯特纳解救犹太人

的英勇行为。故选A。

C

◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了约翰・哈里森令人羡慕的工作——冰激凌试味员。

其实这一职业并不像人们想象的那么美好,背后也需要付出很多。

8.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Andlastofall,nomatter...adullPaIate(味觉).”可知,试味结

束后哈里森是不能吃掉冰激凌的,要吐掉以避免饱腹感对味觉的影响。故选B0

9.C推理判断题。根据第四段“ForHarrison,keeping...Buttohim,thisisjustasmallpricetopay

forwhathecallsIheworld,sbestjob'.”可知,尽管为了保持味觉敏锐,日常生活中哈里森需要忌

口,但他仍然觉得这份工作无与伦比,为此做出一些牺牲他也愿意。故选Co

10.D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Buttohim,thisisjustasmallpricetopayforwhathecalls

IheWorkrSbeStjob…和第五段可知,哈里森喜爱自己的工作,也将毕生精力投入其中,所以这份

工作让他感到自豪。故选D。

H.A推理判断题。文章围绕着哈里森从事冰激凌试味员这项工作展开,详细描述了其工作内

容,旨在让读者对这一职业有所了解。故选A。

D

◎语篇解读文章属于说明文,介绍了CRlSPR技术的未来运用和它带来的争议。

12.B主旨大意题。文章第一段引出话题一CRlSPR技术,第二、三段介绍了CRlSPR技术

的优势,后面部分介绍了它带来的道德方面的争论。

13.D词义猜测题。根据后文中的"Ofcourse,medicinealreadystopsnaturalthingsfrom

happening—forexample,itsavespeoplefrominfections.”可知止匕处指违背自然。

14.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“geneeditingmaymeanthat...OftheirChildren（基因编

辑可能意味着父母做出的选择显然不符合孩子的最大利益）”以及后文的例子可知选C。

15.A推理判断题。根据文章内容可知作者只是介绍了CRlSPR技术及其在道德方面带来的

争议,因此作者只是客观论述,而没有任何倾向性。

第二节

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了支付宝推出的电子身份证。

16.E过渡句。根据空前两句可知此处介绍的是身份证。根据下一段第一、二句的内容以及

后面的内容可知,后文具体介绍了电子身份证,也就是用智能手机证明身份的方式。分析选项可

知E项（但是现在你可以用你的智能手机证明你的身份。）承上启下,对上文进行转折,表明不用

身份证,用电子身份证也可以验证身份,同时引出下文对电子身份证的介绍,符合语境,故选E。E

项中的“using”与空前的“use”对应,E项中的“identity”与空前的“【Dcard”对应。

17.F细节句。根据设空处后一句的内容并结合选项可知,F项（使用支付宝应用程序很容易获

得电子身份证。）符合语境,介绍的是电子身份证的获取方式,故选F。F项中的“usingtheAlipay

app”与空后一句中的PsersFntheapp”呼应。

18.C细节句。根据设空处前两句的内容可知,电子身份证可以在一些城市使用,这些城市的人

们可以用电子身份证入住酒店、购买火车票,还可以做其他工作。由此可知,使用电子身份证的

人不再需要出示他们的标准身份证就可以处理日常事务。故选C。

19.A主旨句。根据本段内容可知,即使人们忘了带身份证,他们仍然可以把事情办好;流程简

化使得政府机关和公司办事情更简单了。由此可知,本段讲的是电子身份证的作用。结合选项

可知,A项（这给了人们另一种选择。）符合语境,概括了电子身份证的作用,符合本段主旨。故选

Ao

20.G细节句。分析选项可知,G选项中的“First”可呼应设空处后一句“然后,你必须通过指纹和

面部识别扫描,才能使用电子身份证。”中的“Then”,所以G项“首先,你必须解锁你的手机,并输

入你的支付宝密码。”符合语境,介绍的是使用电子身份证的方法,与后文衔接紧密。故选G。

第二部分语言运用

第一节

◎语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。作者小时候有很多梦想,随着年龄增长,梦想也发生着变化。作

者很多年后才意识到当下的生活才是最重要的,不能浪费当下宝贵的一分一秒。

21.C句意:然后我梦想成为消防员,从着火的楼里营救人们。Iiberate解放;Carry运送;rescue营

救;SUPPort支持。根据常识可知,消防员的职责是灭火救人。故选C。

22.A句意:我那时迫不及待地想要长大变成成年人。Wait等待;StoP停止;Stay停留;rest休息。

,

Couldntwaittodosth.是一个固定搭配,意为“迫不及待地做某事”,故选A0

23.Dremain保持;match相配;break打破;Change改变。设空处与下文的“changedagain”呼应。

故选D。

24.B句意:在我结婚有了孩子后,我对未来的梦想又变了。retire退休;marry结婚;SUCCeed成

功;divorce离婚。根据空后的“hadchildren”和常识可知,此处是说作者结了婚并有了孩子。故选

Bo

25.A句意:现在它不是我梦想的某种职业了,而是我能安定下来,感觉安心的时光。Certain某

种;firm坚定的,牢固的;PromiSing有希望的;ProfeSSiOnal专业的,职业的。根据前文可知作者之前

的梦想是具体的某种职业,而现在的梦想不再是“某种”职业,而是一种美好时光。故选Ao

26.C句意同上。Silent沉默的;gentle温和的;SeCUre安心的,稳妥的;UnCertain不确定的。根据

语境和上题的分析可知此处是说作者现在的梦想是生活得安心,故选C。

27.Blose浪费,遗失;happen发生;ProdUCe生产;destrOy毁坏。设空处与下句中的“cametolif⅛,,

呼应,故选B。

28.D句意:我也花了很多年才意识到生活在梦想的未来就是生活在幻想之中,我幻想的每一个

瞬间就是从宝贵的现在夺走一瞬间。assess评价,评定;appreciate欣赏,感激;ConClUde推断出,断

定;realize意识到。此处指作者“意识到”活在当下的重要性,故选D。

29.B句意同上。hope希望;fantaSy幻想;fable寓言;Sight景象。由于下文讲的是要珍惜现在,不

要活在幻想之中,所以这里说梦想其实就是幻想,是不真实的。故选Bo

30.A句意同上。precious宝贵的;favorite最喜爱的;Common共同的,普通的;POPUIar流行的。

“the30NOW”与文章最后一段倒数第二句"EachsecondoftheNOWisPreC沁USandpriceless.^^

呼应,故选Ao

31.C句意:我认为不可能有完美无忧的未来,因为问题就是生活的一部分。actiVity活

动;movement运动,活动;Iife生活,生命;business商业。故选Co

32.BreaIity事实;dream梦想;PUrPoSe目的;treasure宝物。这里强调梦想就是梦想,不是现实生

活。故选B。

33.D句意:无论它们实现与否都不如当下我们如何去过每一天重要。famous著名的;SerioUS

严肃的;impressive给人印象深刻的;important重要的。设空处与文章最后一段倒数第二句中的

precious呼应。故选D。

34.A句意:今天分享的拥抱决不会被取代。replace取代,替换;follow跟着;recover恢复;anaIySe

分析。今天过去就不会回来,所以说今天分享的拥抱决不会被取代。故选A。

35.C句意:错过一刻的爱永不会再被弥补。pickup捡起;breakup破碎,分解;makeup弥补,补

上;PUtUP张贴。故选C。

第二节

◎语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国北斗三号全球卫星导航系统的最后

一颗卫星发射成功。

36.tocomplete考查动词不定式。waslaunchedandsent与is为and连接的并列谓语,设空处应

用非谓语动词形式;空前的名词satellite由TheIaSt修饰,空处应用不定式作后置定语修饰

Satelliteo故填tocomplete。句意:最后一颗完成中国北斗三号卫星导航系统的组网卫星于2020

年6月23日被发射并送入轨道,且状态良好。

37.in考查介词。句意同上。结合句意可知,此处表示“状态良好”,应用固定短语ingood

conditiono故填in。

38.construction考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和复合形容词in∙orbit及空后的Of可知设空

处应用名词;theconstructionOf…表示”...的建设“。故填constructiono

39.workers考查名词的数。WOrker为可数名词,空前有Some（在此处表示"一些"）修饰,应用复

数形式,由第40空后的were也可得知应用复数形式。故填workerso

40.who∕that考查定语从句。句意:一些来自四川省各地抗击新冠肺炎的医务人员应邀在航天

中心见证了这一里程碑式的发射。“