新教材英语学案Unit6第二课时Usinglanguage

第二课时UsinglanguageⅠ.词汇初探1．forecastn.预测；预报vt.预报→forecast/forecast或forecasted/forecasted(过去式/过去分词)2．grabv.获取；抓住3．reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的→reliablyadv.可靠地→relyvi.相信；依赖4．rescuen．&vt.援救；营救5．emergencyn.紧急情况；突发事件→emergev.发现，显现出来→emergentadj.紧急的6．typhoonn.台风7．claimv.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)8．threatenv.威胁→threateningadj.恐吓的；具有威胁的→threatn.威胁9．satelliten.人造卫星10．preciselyadv.精确地，准确地→preciseadj.精确的，准确的Ⅱ.短语互译1．省略；遗漏leave_out2．在路上；即将来临on_the_way3．朝……前进head_for4．遭受suffer_from5．inhistory在历史上6．consistof由……组成7．resultin导致8．leadto导致；通向Ⅲ.经典句式1．It_isalsosaid_thatmiceandsnakesheadforsafergroundseveraldaysbeforeanearthquake，whiledogsavoidingthebeachmaybeasignthatatsunamiisapproaching.(P65)据说，地震前几天，老鼠和蛇会前往更安全的地方，而狗避开海滩可能是海啸即将来临的征兆。2．On_hearingthenews，Chinawasquicktostartorganisingemergencyaid.(P65)听到这个消息，中国很快就开始组织紧急援助。3．ByearlyMay,emergencyaidworth9.7millionUSdollarshad_been_donatedbyChina，withafurtherroundofemergencyaidtofollow.(P65)到5月初，中国已捐赠了970万美元的紧急援助，随后将有新一轮的紧急援助。Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空1．Whenwalking(walk)inthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.2．Doctorshavesaidthatasmanyas50%ofpatientsdon'ttakemedicineasdirected(direct)．3．Justnowthepatientopenedhermouthasifto_say(say)somethingtoherhusband.4．—WillyouleaveforAustraliaforvacationonMayDay?—No,wefinallydecidednotto.5．Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecar'sengine.Ifso,_we'dbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.1eq\a\vs4\al(reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的)[教材原句]So,foraccurateandreliablepredictions，it'sbesttocheckanofficial，scientificreport.(P65)所以，为了准确可靠的预测，最好检查一份官方的科学报告。①Sheisreliableandshealwayskeepsherword.她可以信赖，她总是说到做到。[归纳拓展]relyvt.&vrelyon/upon依靠(同义词dependon/upon)relyonit＋that从句指望；相信(某事)[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Isthesourceoftheinformationreliable(rely)?③Don'trelyon/uponothersallthetime.④Youmayrely_on_it_thathewillpaybackallthedebts.你相信好了，他会偿还所有债务的。2eq\a\vs4\al(rescuen.&vt.援救；营救)[教材原句]Internationalrescueteamssoonbegantoarriveinthecountry.(P65)国际救援队很快就开始抵达该国。①Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.一些救援工人和医生被困在了废墟之下。[归纳拓展]e/gotosb.'srescue前来(去)救某人rescuesb.from...把某人从……中解救出来[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Wewereabouttoclosedownthebusiness,butthebankcametoourrescuewithahugeloan.③Thewholefamilywere_rescued(rescue)fromthefirelastnight.④Shediedtryingtorescueherchildrenfromthebigfire.

3eq\a\vs4\al(claimvt.&n.声称；主张；认领；索赔；夺去)[教材原句]Causedbyexceptionallyheavysnowfallwithinashortperiodoftime，theydestroyedbuildingsandforests，andclaimedover256lives.(P66)由于短时间内的特大降雪，雪灾摧毁了建筑物和森林，夺去了256多人的生命。[归纳拓展](1)claimtodosth./that...声称/主张做……claimtohavedonesth.声称做过某事Itisclaimedthat...有人主张……(2)makeaclaimforsth.要求；对……提出赔偿要求layclaimto据理力争；有权利去获得[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子①Heclaimedto_be(be)theownerofthecar.②Asthevictimintheaccident,IwillmakeaclaimfortheinjuriesIsuffered.③Doctorsclaimedto_have_discovered(discover)acureforthedisease.④It_was_claimed_thatsomedoctorswereworking80hoursaweek.据说有些医生每周工作80小时。1eq\a\vs4\al(leaveout省去，删去；漏掉；不考虑，忽视)[教材原句]Whathasbeenleftoutinsentences(a)and(b)？(P65)在句子(a)和(b)中省去了什么？[归纳拓展]leaveforsomeplace离开去某地leavebehind遗留，遗忘leaveoff停止；不再使用；戒除leavesb.alone不打扰某人，不管某人leavesth.aside不予考虑，搁在一边[即时巩固](1)写出下列句中leaveout的含义①Incopyingthispaper,becarefulnottoleaveoutanyword.漏掉②Youcanleaveoutthepartsofthestorythatarenotinteresting.省去③Marytalkedtotheshygirlsothatshewouldn'tfeelleftout.忽视④Weleftoutthepossibilityofhisingtotheparty.没考虑(2)介、副词填空①Theyweresocarelessthattheyleftoutanimportantdetail.②Hewasleftbehindinphysicsafterhemissedthreeclasses.③Shewantstothinkthingsoutquietly,sowehadbetterleaveheralone.2eq\a\vs4\al(ontheway在路上；即将来临)[教材原句]Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit'scold，wetweatherthat'sonthewayorahot，dryperiod.(P65)例如，不寻常的动物行为可以表明，是寒冷潮湿的天气还是炎热干燥的时期即将来临。①Hestoppedforbreakfastontheway.他中途停下吃早点。[归纳拓展]alltheway一路上；一直；完全bywayof经由；途经bytheway顺便说inaway在某种程度上intheway妨碍；挡路inthisway以这种方法innoway决不；无论如何都不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)onone'swayto...在某人去……的途中loseone'sway迷路makeone'sway(to)．..朝……去[即时巩固]完成句子②Theyhavegotthreekidsandoneon_the_way.他们有三个孩子，还有一个尚未出生。③In_a_way,_I'malittlesurprisedheacceptedtheoffer.从某种意义上讲，他接受了这个报价让我觉得有点儿惊讶。④Don'tstandin_the_way.Moveasideandletmepass.不要挡着路，靠边点让我过去。3eq\a\vs4\al(resultin导致；致使)[教材原句]Winterstormsbroughtasmuchas7.9metresofsnowinthesouthofthecountry,resultinginthedeathsofabout4,000people.(P66)冬季风暴给该国南部带来了高达7.9米的降雪，导致约4000人死亡。[归纳拓展](1)asaresult结果asaresultof因为；由于；作为……的结果withoutresult徒劳；毫无结果(2)resultfrom因……引起[巧学妙记][即时巩固]完成句子①Theterribleaccidentresulted_fromadriver'sdrunk­driving.→Adriver'sdrunk­drivingresulted_intheterribleaccident.那场可怕的事故是由一个司机醉酒驾车而引起的。②Theydepartedas_a_result_oftheendlessquarrels.＝Theirdepartureresulted_fromtheendlessquarrels.由于无休止的争吵，他们分手了。③As_a_resultItotallychangedmyshape.结果我完全改变了我的形状。eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5())Onhearingthenews,Chinawasquicktostartorganisingemergencyaid.(P65)听到这个消息，中国很快就开始组织紧急援助。[句式分析]on＋v.­ing形式引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。①Onseeingher,thekingimmediatelyfallsinlovewithher.一看见她，国王就爱上了她。[归纳拓展]“一……就……”的常见表达形式还有：(1)immediately,directly,instantly...(2)themoment,theminute,theinstant...(3)nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...[即时巩固]单句语法填空②On/Uponarriving,Jimmyfoundalonglineofapplicantswaitingtobeinterviewed.③Irecognizedherinstantly(instant)Isawher.④Nosoonerhadshesaiditthansheburstintotears.省略在英语中，有时为了避免结构上或内容上的重复，并使上下文紧密连接；有时因为语法的客观要求，句子中的一个或几个成分不需要表达出来，这种现象称为省略。一、简单句中的省略1．祈使句中的省略(You)eearlytomorrow.(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(You)Openthedoor，please.2．口语中的省略—Howisyourmothertoday?—(She's)Muchbetter.(Isthere)Anythingelse?3．感叹句中的省略Whatfineweather(itis)!Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!Howwonderfulanidea(itis)!4．某些名词的省略名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时经常被省略。Imethimatthedoctor's(office)．我在诊所见到过他。二、并列句中的省略1．后面的分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略，这种现象又称为承前省略。Shewaspoorbut(shewas)honest.她贫穷但是诚实。Bobhasdonehishomework，butTomhasn't(donehishomework)．鲍勃做了他的家庭作业，可是汤姆却没有。2．有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句中，看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。Bobworks(inLondon)，andPeterlivesinLondon.鲍勃在伦敦工作，彼得住在伦敦。三、主从复合句中的省略1．宾语从句中的省略在宾语从句中，连词that常省略，但当有多个并列宾语从句时，只能省略第一个that。Iknow(that)sheisateacherandthatsheisanexcellentwriter.我知道她是一个老师，也是一个优秀的作家。2．状语从句中的省略在一些状语从句中，如果谓语动词含有be，从句的主语又和主句的主语一致，或者从句的主语是it，常常可以把从句中的主语和be一起省略掉。这种省略现象通常出现在以when，while，as，until，once，whether，if，unless，though，evenif，where等连词连接的时间、条件、让步、地点等状语从句中。Hefellinlovewiththegirlwhile(hewas)onavisittoNewYork.他是在游览纽约时爱上那位姑娘的。Hewillnotgotothepartyevenif(heis)invited.即使受到邀请，他也不去参加晚会。3．定语从句中的省略若引导限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语，该关系代词一般可省略。Thecar(which/that)hisfathergavehimasabirthdaypresentwasstolen.他父亲送给他作为生日礼物的那辆汽车被盗了。四、不定式的省略1．并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。Hetoldmetostaythereand(to)waitforhim.他叫我在那儿等他。Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,nottomakeitmoredifficult.新技术的目的是要让生活更轻松自在，而不是让生活更困难。2．某些使役动词，如make，let，have等和感官动词，如see,watch,notice,observe等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不能省略。Mymotherwouldn'tletmegotoseethefilm.我妈妈不会让我去看那部电影的。Hewasnoticedtoleavetheoffice.有人注意到他离开了办公室。3．不定式to后面的内容也可承前省略。但倘若承前省略的不定式含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式，to后要保留原形have或be。Afterhecamebackfromthewar,hewasamereshadowofthemanheusedtobe.从战场返回后，他就虚弱得不成样子了。—HaveyoutoldAnnaboutherfailureinthetest?—Yes，butIoughtn'ttohave(toldheraboutit)．——你告诉安关于她考试不及格的事情了吗？——是的。但是我本来不该告诉她。4．介词but,except(除了)前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to。Hecoulddonothingbutgiveintotherobber.他什么也不能做只能屈服于劫匪了。[即时巩固]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Inthecaraccidentthechildwashurt，butthemotherkilled(kill)．2．—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?—Losing(lose)herbicycle.3．Theresultsofthemedicalcheck­upsuggestedthatmyfatherwasinpoorhealth，sothedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)_give(give)upsmokingandtakemoreexercise.4．—Whydidn'tyouetomybirthdaypartyyesterdayevening?Youpromisedtoe!—Iwouldhave,_butIhadtolookaftermysister.5．Wewillhaveameetingthedayaftertomorrow,butwedon'tknowwhere.6．—Wouldyouliketogowithus?—Yes,I'dliketo.7．—Haveyougotanyparticularplansfortheingwintervacation?—Yes.Ifpossible,I'mgoingtovisitmygrandparents.8．Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifleft(leave)inthewronghands.9．Haditnotbeenforourteachers,we'dneverhavebeenabletoenterthisuniversity.10．Girlsusedtotakefeweradvancedmathcoursesthanboysbutnowtheyaretakingjustasmany.Ⅱ.句型转换1．Whenyouarelisteningtoyourteacher，youmustbecareful.→Whenlistening_toyourteacher，youmustbecareful.2．Youshouldn'tetohispartyunlessyouareinvited.→Youshouldn'tetohispartyunlessinvited.3．Iboughttwobooksinthebookstoreandtheyareveryinteresting.→ThetwobooksI_boughtinthebookstoreareveryinteresting.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theteacherforecasted(预测)thatallofhispupilswouldpasstheexamination.2．Youcandependonitthatthenewsesfromareliable(可靠的)source.3．Theyweretryingeverypossiblemeanstorescue(营救)theminerstrappedunderground.4．Noneofushadseenanemergency(紧急情况)likethisandwewereallterrified.5．Heclaims(声称)thathehasgotoneoftheearliestBritishstamps,butnobodybelieveshim.6．Mi