2024届陕西省咸阳市高三下学期模拟检测（二）英语试题

咸阳市2024年高考模拟检测（二）英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2.答卷前，务必将答题卡上密封线内的各项目填写清楚；3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inadininghall. C.Inashoppingmall.2.Whatwillthewomandoontheweekend?A.Gohiking. B.Haveapicnic. C.Makemovies.3.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardskeepingpets?A.Supportive. B.Unconcerned. C.Opposed.4.Whatisprobablythemaincauseofthetrafficjams?A.Theeconomydevelopstoofast.B.Thenumberofcarsisincreasing.C.Theskillsofdriversaretoobad.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gototherestaurant. B.Bringdishestotheoffice.C.Havedinnerathome.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefirstaidcourse?A.Interesting. B.Scary. C.Essential.7.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Astudent. B.Ateacher. C.Adoctor.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhenisthemanleavingforNewYork?A.Monday. B.Wednesday. C.Friday.9.WhatwillthemanbedoingduringhisfreetimeinNewYork?A.Attendingmeetings. B.Visitingclients. C.Exploringthecity.10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelplan. B.Abusinesstrip. C.Anewsreport.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whichcityisrecommendedforaculturalheritage?A.ChiangMai. B.Phuket. C.Bangkok.12.WhatisthebesttimetovisitThailand?A.January. B.March. C.October.13.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toaskforatravelbrochure.B.Tomakeatravelreservation.C.ToknowmoreaboutThailand.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoespollutionaffecttheocean?A.Itharmssealifeanddamagesecosystems.B.Itleadstothereductionoffishpopulations.C.Itthreatensthelivelihoodsofmanypeople.15.Howmanymajorthreatsdoesthemanmention?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.16.Whatcanindividualsdotopreventseapollution?A.Keepingsustainablefishingpractices.B.Reducingplasticwasteindailylife.C.Findingapproaches,towatersaving.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Expertandstudent. C.Journalistandinterviewee.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatistheaverageheightofpeopleintheQindynasty?A.1.78meters. B.1.70meters. C.1.90meters.19.Whyweretheterracottasoldiersmademuchtaller?A.Toensurethattheycanfightcloselywitheachother.B.Toshowthestrongpowerofwarriorsimpressively.C.Tomakeeverystatueaslifelikeas.humanbeings.20.Whatisthemanmainlytalkingabout?A.ThefacialfeaturesofTerracottaWarriors.B.TheheightoftheTerracottaWarriors.C.TheintroductionofTerracottaWarriors.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADespitethefreezingweatheroutside,icecreamneverlosesitscharm.Doyouwantone?Herearesomefamousicecreambrands,theremustbeonethatsuitsyourtaste.BaskinRobbinsBaskinRobbinshasbeenaroundforover70years.Andwiththeirmanylocationsofice-creamshopsandtheabilitytopurchasepintsingrocerystores,theseicecreamproductsarehighlyaccessible.BaskinRobbinsisknownfortheir'widearrayoficecreamflavors,rangingfromclassicslikePralinesn'CreamtouniqueofferingssuchasSecretAdmirer,CherriesJubilee,andSkilletCookieCrumble.Theyevenmakedelightfulicecreamcakesthatareperfectforyourjunior'sbirthdayparties.SoDeliciousSoDeliciousisuniqueinthatitisadairy-freebrand.Theymakenon-dairycoffeecreamers,cheese,andicecreamproducts.Ifyouareonadairy-freediet,thisbrandisforyou.Theymakesomanytypesofnon-dairyicecreamwithbasesincludingalmondmilk,cashewmilk,coconutmilk,soymilk,oatmilk,andtheirnewconcoction"wondermilk."Theirflavorsrangefrombutterypecan,tooatmilkcoffeechip,anddarkchocolatetruffle.MagnumMagnumicecreamcarriesmanyfrozenicecreamproductssoldingrocerystoresaswellasanon-dairylineoficecreams.Theyaremostknownfortheirsignaturehardchocolateshellthatappearsinicecreampintsaswellasonmanyoftheiricecreamfrozenbars.TheyalsocarryavarietyoficecreampintsinflavorssuchasDoubleCookieCrumble,MilkChocolateVanilla,andDoubleRedVelvet.AdirondackCreameryAdirondackCreamerywaslaunchedinNewYorkandsourceslocalcreamfortheirwidelineoficecreamflavors.SomeoftheseflavorsincludeKulfiPistachioCardamom,SyrianDateandWalnut,andBlackRaspberry.Theypridethemselvesonavoidingtheuseofadditivesandselltheirproductsinsomegrocerystores-althoughtheyalsohaveovernightnationwidedeliveryifyouarenotalocalresident.21.WhatisBaskinRobbinsfamousfor?A.Alimitedselectionofflavors. B.Beinghighlyaccessibletopeople.C.Avarietyoficecreamflavors. D.Beingperfectforbirthdayparties.22.WhatisspecialaboutSoDelicious?A.Itisabrandprovidingfreedairy. B.Itisabrandmakingvariousmilk.C.Itisabrandfavoredbymilkman. D.Itisabrandfreeofdairyproducts.23.WhereisAdirondackCreameryicecreammainlysourced?A.InNewYork. B.FromSyria. C.AllovertheUS. D.Internationally.BGrowingupontheshoresofLakeHuronintheCanadianprovinceofOntario,RobertBerdanwasneverfarfromwater.Whenhewasinsixthgrade,hereceivedatoymicroscopeforChristmas.Someofthefirstthingshesawthroughitslensweretinycreaturesinsidedropletshe'dgatheredfromalocalpond.Hewasfascinatedwiththemicroorganisms.Aftereighthgrade,Berdanupgradedtoamoresophisticatedmodelandrealizeditwasaportaltoanotherworld."Thenewmicroscopechangedmylife,"hesays."Icouldseesomuchmore."Hebegarstudyingphotographyandbuyingcamerastofitonhismicroscope.Hecapturedimagesofferns,mushrooms,andtrees,andlearnedhowtodevelopfilm.HealsodevelopedhismicroscopyskillssomuchsothatheearnedadoctoraldegreeincellularbiologyandspentfiveyearsrunningalabattheUniversityofAlbertainEdmonton.ButBerdanneverforgothistwoearlypassions-beingimmersedinnatureandphotographingitstinydetails-andhedecidedtoreturntothem.Hissubjectsrangefromsnowflakestospruce（）trees.Toseethelatterunderamicroscope,Berdancollects,asmallbranchandwieldsspecializedtoolstoshaveoffpaper-thinslices,whichhedyesredorblue.Forthefinalimages,heoftenusesaprocess:calledfocusstacking,inwhichsimilarphotoswithdifferentfocalplanesaremixedtogethertoachieveamoreprofounddepthoffield,andhesometimessewsphotostogethertocreateviews."Iinvestigateanythingthatmighthavepossibilities,hesays.Andheencouragesotherstodothesamewithamicroscope."Anytoolthatamplifiesourabilitytoseewillenhanceourcreativity,"h.notes."Ourobservationscanpotentiallyleadtonewdiscoveriesandsolutions."24.WhatinspiredBerdantopursuehispassionformicroscopicphotography?A.Workinginacellularbiologylab.B.Earningadoctoraldegreeincellularbiology.C.Tinymicroscopesfromalocalpond.D.ChildhoodexperiencesnearLakeHuron.25.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Berdan'schildhoodexperiencewithmicroscopes.B.Berdan'sreasonforstudyingforadoctoraldegree.C.Berdan'stransitionfromamateurtoprofessional.D.Berdan'shardworkofrunningalabinEdmonton.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"amplifies"meaninthelastparagraph?A.Expands. B.Decreases. C.Mixes. D.Changes.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBerdan'sskillinmicroscopic.photography?A.Hehasreceivedformaltraininginphotographyandmicroscopy.B.Hemainlyfocusesoncapturingimagesofvariousmicroscopes..C.Heexperimentswithdifferentwaystoenhancethedepthoffield.D.Heisthemostskilledbiologistincapturingmushroomsandtrees.CMutualcooperationinwhichhumanscooperatewithwildanimalsisextremelyrare.Onesuchsysteminvolvesthegreaterhoneyguide,asmallAfricanbirdthatleadshumanstosourcesofhoney.Onceanestisfound,thehumanhoneyhuntersbreakintoittoobtainhoneyandbeeworms,andthebirdsbenefitfromconsumingbeeswaxinthenow-exposedhoneycomb.Boththebirdsandthehumansusespecializedsoundstocommunicatetheiravailabilitytoparticipateinthiscooperativeinteraction.ThetwoareasstudiedbySpottiswoodeandWoodarenorthernMozambique,wherethehoneyhuntersarefromtheYaoculturalgroup,andnorthernTanzania,wherethehoneyhuntersarefromtheHadzaculture.TheYaocommunicatewithhoneyguidesusingashortandhigh-pitchedsoundfollowedbyalowsound"brrrrhm",whereastheHadzauseamelodicwhistle.Thus,signalandresponsebothvarygeographically.SpotiswoodeandWoodproposethatthegeographicvariationtheyhaveidentifiedinthismutualismistheproductofculturalcodevelopment.Toqualifyascultural,thecooperativebehaviorswouldhavetobeacquiredthroughsociallearningfromindividualsofthesamespecies.Sociallearning,however,islessofagivenonthehoneyguideside.Instead,whatisrequiredofhoneyguidesisanotherformofvocallearning-comprehensionlearning—inwhichthemeaningofasignalislearned.Comprehensionlearningiscommoninbirds.Whethersociallearningisinvolved,however,isnotso,obvious.Honeyguidesputinconsiderableefforthelpingtheirhumanpartnersfindfoodandarefaithfullyrewardedbybeinggivenfoodinreturn.Insomehumancultures,honeyhunterspurposefullyleaveouthoneycombtorewardhoneyeaters,butinothersthehunters.go,togreatlengthtodenythebirdsanyreward,bycollecting,burying,orburninganyhoneycombexposedwhentheydestroyanest.Thereasongivenfortheseactsisthatkeepingthebirdshungrycausesthemtocontinueguiding.Apromisingquestionforfutureresearchiswhethergeographicdifferencesinhumanculturalpreferencesforrewardingornotrewardinghoneyguidesaffectthepreferencesofindividualbirdsforguidingversustakingadvantageoftheguidingofothers.28.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningthetwoareasinParagraph2?A.Toshowthathoneyhuntingisverypopularintheirculture.B.Toexplainthatcommunicationmethodsdifferingeography.C.ToillustratethedifferencesbetweentheYaoandtheHadza.D.Toshowthatbirdscanunderstandvarioushumancultures.29.Whydosomehuntersrefusetogivehoneyguidesanyprizes?A.Toletthemrealizehuman'spower. B.Tomakethemkeepprovidinghelp.C.Tocausethemtoburnhoneycomb. D.Tousethehoneycombthemselves.30.Whatcanbeinferredabouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandhoneyguides?A.Honeyguideshavealreadyhadstrongskillstolearnfromsociety.B.Honeyguideshaveagenetictendencytoguidehumansforhoney.C.Humansandhoneyguideshaveamutuallybeneficialrelationship.D.Humanhoneyhunterswilllosetheirjobswithouthoneyguides.31.Whatislikelytobediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Theimpactofhumanculturalpreferencesonhoneyguidebehavior.B.Thefurtherstudyontheculturaldifferencesinhumanpreferences.C.Theecologicallyrewardingconsequencesofhoneyguidebehavior.D.Theinfluenceofhoneyguidebehavioronhumanculturalpractices.DThewinningartworksfromthefirstYoungBotanicalArtistCompetitionareappearinginanexhibitionattheRoyalBotanicGardensinKew,London.Thecompetitionwasopentoyoungpeopleaged16to25andreceivedmorethan1,000entriesfrompeoplein77countries.Botanicalartisaspecialtypeofdrawingorpaintingthathelpsbotanistsdescribeplantsandfungi.Itbringstolifethetiniestdetailsofgrasses,flowersandtrees,includingtheircolourandshape,andhasbeenanimportantscientifictraditionforhundredsofyears.Infact,KewGardens,whichis264yearsoldandhometo50,000plants,hasalwayshadabotanicalartistinitsteam.Thethemeofthecompetitionwastrees,andthewinnerofthe16to18agegroupwasMariannaZych（aged17）fromPoland.Herentry,PrunusSerrula,showsthedelicatelypeelingbarkoftheTibetancherrytree,whichZychcreatedwithwatercoloursafterjustonemonthofpaintingclasses.Thewinnerofthe19to25categorywasKhanhLyNguyenfromVietnam,whosewatercolour,BauhiniaVariegataLeaf,revealsthecleardetailsofanorchidtreeleaf.Bothwillappearinanexhibitionof50artworksattheShirleySherwoodGalleryatKewGardens.Allofthefeaturedartworkswerepickedfortheircreativityandaccuracybyapanelofjudgesthatincludedbotanicalartistsfromaroundtheworld.TheexhibitionrunsuntilApril2024andvisitorsarealsobeingaskedtovoteforthePeople'sChoiceaward,whichwillbeannouncedinApril.MariaDevaney,whomanagesgalleriesandexhibitionsatKewGardens,saidbotanicalartisaboutinspiringcuriosityanddiscoveringthenaturalworld."It'sbeenwonderfultoseesuchanenthusiasticresponsetothecompetitionasawhole,"shesaid.DrShirleySherwood,awriterandbotanistwhocollectsplantpictures,saidshewasdelightedtoseefirst-handthenextgenerationoftalentedbotanicalartists.32.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMariannafromthethirdparagraph?A.Shehasformallystudiedpaintingsincechildhood.B.SheisfromPolandwhichisfullofTibetantrees.C.Shehaslimitedexperienceinwatercolorpainting.D.Sheisfamousforrevealingthedetailsoftreeleaves.33.WhatisShirley'sattitudetothenewgenerationofbotanicalartists?A.Skeptical. B.Indifferent. C.Disappointed. D.Optimistic.34.Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthisarticle?A.TheHistoricalSignificanceofBotanicalIllustrationB.YoungTalentsBlossomattheRoyalBotanicGardensC.TheEvolutionofBotanicalArtinModernTimesD.GardeningTipsfromtheExpertsatKewGardens35.Wherecouldthisarticlemostlikelyhavebeenpublished?A.Onafashionwebsite. B.Inagardeningmagazine.C.Inanacademictextbook. D.Inacookingreviewjournal.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday'sworld,wheretheconsequencesofclimatechangearebecomingincreasinglyevident,theneedforenergyconservationhasneverbeenmorepressing.36.UseyourlaptopmorethanyourdesktopLaptopsuseanaverageof20to50wattsofelectricitytorun,whereasdesktopcomputersuseanaverageof60to200wattsofelectricitytorun.Thereasonforthisisthatlaptopsrunoffofbatterypoweranddesktopsarecontinuouslypluggedintoapowersourcethatdrainsenergy.37.Notonlydoesthishelpreduceyourenergyusage,butitalsooptimizesyourlaptop'sbatterylifetolastlonger.ChargeyourphoneinairplanemodeandbeforebedtimeWhilecharging,switchyourphonetoairplanemode,sothatthephonedoesnotslowdownthechargingprocessbycontinuallyburningenergytryingtoconnectwithcellphonetowersandplotyourlocationwithitsGPSfunction.Whenyouswitchtoairplanemodeyourphonechargesmorequickly.Thebrighterthescreensetting,themorepoweritusesandvibrationusesmoreenergythanaringtone.38,thereforelessenergyconsumption.Andremember-unplugyourchargerifnotinuse!UnplugmobilephoneandlaptopchargersAlwaysunplugelectronicsandapplianceswhennotinuse.39.Whenthepowerstripislefton,thedevicespluggedintoitcontinuetouseenergyandactuallyincreaseyourenergyusage.TheNorthernResourcesDefenseCouncilfoundthatdevicesinsleeporstandbymodeaccountforaboutone-quarterofallresidentialenergyconsumption.40Reduceyourcarbonfootprintbyorganizingyourfilesandeliminatingunnecessarydatafromcloudstorage!Companiesofferingclouddatastorageneedwarehousesfilledwithserversrunningnonstop.ThesedatacentersconsumemassiveamountsofenergysincetheyrequireACsystemstoavoidoverheating.A.LowPowerModealsosavesbatterylifeB.DeleteunwantedfilesfromcloudstorageC.SavingenergyisnoweasierwiththesetipsfromUNICEFD.Therefore,energyconservationhasneverbeenmorepressingE.UnusedelectronicappliancesmayproduceharmtotheenvironmentF.Deenergizationwillsaveyouenergy,money,andcanpreventelectricalfiresG.Makesuretounplugyourlaptopfromthepowersourceonceit'sfullycharged第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳。Theydon'tcallVusiSindane"thecrazycyclist"fornothing.Thesoftwareengineer41a3,000kmbicyclejourneyinJune,allto42moneyfor10,000pairsofschoolshoesforchildreninneed.WhenheworkedinLimpopo,hesaw43thepovertyfacedby44kids."Mybiggestcauseseducation,andwhenIsawbarefootchildrenwalkingtoschoolinLimpopo,Iknewsomethinghadtobelone,"hesays.He45withanon-profitorganizationwhichsuppliesschoolshoestochildrenin46areas.However,thepandemic47hisplanstodohiscross-countrycyclein2020and2021,anda（n）48injurylastyearmeanthecouldonlygetgoinginAprilthisyear.Priortohis13Aprildeparture,he49histrainingwithsixweeksof50cyclingwithhismentorandtrainingpartner.ButVusiquicklydiscoveredthatnothingcould've51himforwhathewouldencounterandhaveto52."Thefirstdaywaslikeareality53.AlthoughI'dbeenplanningandconsideringthisfornearlysixyears,therealityisthatthere's54ontheroad,there'sclimbing,youmustuseyourbodyphysically,andit'shot-especiallyinLimpopo.Iwasalmost55bymanyhighmountains.Itriedto56,butthebikeisn'tmoving.Myhandswerehurting,andmyinjuredkneewasconstantlyinpain.Mymuscles57,andmymindwaslike,'Thisisn'tworthit',"hesaid.To58himself,hebeganthinkingaboutthepeoplewhoinspirehim.Hesharedhis59onsocialmedia,manypeople60tohimandmoreencouragementcame.41. A.completed B.assigned C.connected D.admitted42. A.invest B.borrow C.raise D.leave43. A.nowhere B.overnight C.firsthand D.overhead44. A.disciplined B.disadvantaged C.appointed D.abandoned45. A.keptup B.racedup C.putup D.teamedup46. A.public B.rural C.wide D.urban47. A.ceased B.followed C.assisted D.designed48. A.hand B.head C.knee D.arm49. A.quitted B.left C.drove D.increased50. A.intense B.subjective C.responsible D.logical51. A.asked B.prepared C.apologized D.begged52. A.generate B.acknowledge C.operate D.tolerate53. A.friend B.gain C.check D.luck54, A.traffic B.police C.attack D.hope55. A.returned B.presented C.recognized D.defeated56. A.win B.cycle C.stand D.bend57. A.ached B.interrupted C.reacted D.stretched58. A.respect B.test C.cure D.motivate59. A.exchange B.struggle C.confusion D.benefit60. A.setoff B.livedup C.reachedout D.gaveway第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseachievementsinpollutioncontrol,ecologicalrecoveryandprotection,andgreendevelopmentChina61（make）inthepastdecadewerehighlightedataFridaypressbriefing,62aseniorofficialpointedoutChina's63（participate）andleadershipinglobalclimate