老高考适用2023高考英语一轮总复习第一编教材知识 Unit14Careers北师大版

Unit14Careers

晨起第一事背诵经典句

1.Fourshortwordssumupwhathasliftedmostsuccessfulindividualsabove

thecrowd:alittlebitmore.

四个简短的单词一一精益求精，总结出了成功者相比于普通人的高明之处。

2.Oneofthereasonswhythestorewasfoundedwastoprovidemoreemployment

opportunitiesforpeoplewithdisabilities.

这家店创立的原因之一是为残疾人提供更多的就业机会。

3.Weshouldmakeeffortstocarryforwardthespiritofmodelworkers,labor

andcraftsmanship,stimulatemoreworkers,especiallytheyoungergeneration,to

improvetheirskills,andfostermorehighlyskilledworkersandcraftsmen.

我们应该大力弘扬劳模精神、劳动精神、工匠精神，激励更多劳动者特别是青年一代走

技能成才、技能报国之路，培养更多高技能人才和大国工匠。

4.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.

不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。

自主推杳夯星固本I

❶重点单词

I核心单词

(1)income(/?.)收入

(2)reward(〃.)奖赏(M.)酬谢，报答frewarding(adj.)有益的faward(/?.)奖

品，奖状(北.)颁发，授予

(3)charge(vt.)收费，要价(〃.)负责fchargeable(adj.)应支付的

(4)SUmnIary(〃.)摘要，总结

(5)guidance(〃.)指导fguide{vt.)指导

(6)aid(/7.)援助，帮助—assistance(〃.)(同义词)帮助

(7)topic(/7.)话题ftitle(〃.)标题；头衔ftheme(〃.)主题

(8)ComPrehenSion(/?.)理解fcomprehend^vt.)领会；理解fcomprehensible(adj.)

可理解的fcomprehensive{adj.)综合的；详尽的

(9)appointment(/7.)约见，约会fappoint(rΛ)任命，委派

(IQ)basis(〃.)基础，根据fbase(vt.)以...为基础fbasic{adj.)基础的

(11)surrounding(adj.)附近的，周围的fSUrroUnd{vt.)围绕，环绕fsurroundings

(〃)(周围的)环境

(12)overcome(rt)克服，战胜

(13)grasp(".)理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧f∏ιaster(rf.)(同义词)掌握，精通

(14)inspect(匕)审核，审查finspection(/7.)检查，视察finspector(/?.)检查

员；巡视员

(15)illegal(adj.)不合法的，违法的fillegality(，.)非法，违法flegal(封/力)

(反义词)合法的

(16)existence(/?.)生活；存在fexist(vi.)存在

(17)constantly(adv.)不断地fconstant{adj.)不断的，连续的

(18)hesitate(vi.)犹豫，踌躇fhesitation(/?.)犹豫，踌躇

(19)decrease(vt.)减少，降低

(20)operate(vi.&vt.)运转，运作；操作foperation3)操作；运转；营运；手

术fopcrational(adj.)操作的

(21)respond(vi.)反应；回复，回答fresponse(〃.)反应；作答

(22)flexible{adj.)灵活的，柔韧的fflexibly{adv.)灵活地

(23)bother(vt,)烦扰，打扰ftrouble(。£.)(同义词)打扰，麻烦fdislurb(北)(同

义词)打扰，骚扰

(24)comfort(〃.)舒适，安逸fcomfortable(adj.)舒适的~COmfOrtab1y(adv.)舒

适地

(25)panic(K)(使)恐慌，惊惶fpanicked(过去式和过去分词)

(26)qUaIifiCatiOn(〃.)资格，资历fqualified(adj.)有资格的fqualify(/外)使

具备资格

II阅读单词

(1)insurance(/?.)保险

(2)paragraphE)段落

(3)dataE)资料，数据fdatabase(〃.)数据库

(4)receipt(/?.)收据，收条

(5)consult{vt.)请教；查阅fconsultant(〃.)顾问fconsultation(〃.)咨询

fconsultative{adj.)咨询的

(6)casual{adj.)随意的，非正式的fcasually{adv.)无意地,偶然地

(7)quarrel(vi,)吵架，争吵

(8)instant(〃.)片刻，瞬间finstantIy{adv.)立刻地，马上，即刻地

(9)idiom(∕λ)习语，成语fidiomatic(adj.)符合语⅞⅛习惯的，地道的

(10)bend{vi.)弯腰，倾身

(IDstage(〃.)舞台；阶段，时期

(12)judgment(∕λ)判断，判断力fjudge(rΛ)判断

(13)envy(匕)羡慕，妒忌

(14)slave(〃.)奴隶fslavery(∕λ)奴隶制

q语境活用［单句语法填空］

1.Thejobisdifficult,butthefinancial(reward)aregreat.

答案：rewards

2.Hewaschargedmurderbutfoundinnocentlater.

答案：with

3.Childrenneedmoral(guide)tomaketheirwayintheworld.

答案：guidance

4.Youshouldphonehissecretaryifyouwanttomakean(appoint).

答案：appointment

5.Theselectionprocessis(basis)onrigoroustestsofcompetenceand

experience.

答案：based

6.Helookedmorerelaxedanditseemsasifsomeoftheharmonyfromhis

(surround)hadflowedintohim.

答案：surroundings

7.Ile(overcome)allkindsofdifficultiesbyhisdeterminedspirit.

答案：overcame

8.Itis(legal)toentertheareawithoutpermission.

答案：illegal

9.HeofferedtohelpUSinthatconditionwithoutany(hesitate).

答案：hesitation

10.Heoften(operate)onpatientsuntillateatnight.

答案：operates

O联想积累

1.加in—前缀构成的形容词

①inflexible不可改变的，僵硬的

②inaccurate不准确的

③incorrect不正确的

④incapable不能克制自己的；无能力的

⑤incomparable无比的

©insensitive对...没有感觉的，麻木不仁的

⑦inadequate不充分的

⑧inadmissible不能采纳的

⑨inelastic无弹性的

⑩indirect间接的，迂回的

⑪InaCCeSSibIe不能接近的

⑫InCaUtioUS不慎重的

⑬inanimate无生命的

(HXnapparent不明显的

⑮inactive不活跃的

⑯inapplicable不适用的

@inappreciative不欣赏的

2.常见一Iy结尾的副词

①COnStantly不断地

②annuaIly每年，一年一度地

③interestingly有趣地

©excitedly兴奋地

⑤happiIy快乐地

⑥Sadly悲伤地

⑦fairIy很，十分

⑧COmmOnly常见地

©amazingly令人惊讶地

⑩effectively有效地

(Ubrightly明亮地，欢快地

(presently现在，目前

⑬IIadly疯狂地

⑭IIainIy主要地

(ISfeasily容易地

⑯)racticaIIy实际上地，事实上

©directly直接地

⑱CaithfUIly忠诚地

⑲VarnIly温暖地

⑳freeIy自由地

O重点短语

1.haveproblems(in)doingsth

做某事有困难

2.takechargeof接管，控制

3.giveaidto给...帮助

4.setanexampleto给...树立一个榜样

5.sendoff寄出，发出

6.makeup虚构，编造

7.makeout听出，看出；理解

8.gointodetail(s)谈论，细谈

9.situp坐直

10.speakup大声地说，自由而大胆地说出

11.believein信任，信仰

12.turnOVer反转

13.PayOff偿清；有好结果

14.keepUPWiIh赶上，跟上

15.inCaSe以防万一；万一

16.ratherIhan而不

17.dueto由于

18.applyfor申请

19.PartiCiPatein参与

20.inaddition另外

q语境活用［选词填空］

takechargeof,sendoff,makeup,makeout,gointodetail,turnover,

payoff,applyfor,participatein,inaddition

1.Weallthinkhisstorywasbyhim.

答案：madeup

2.Youmustlistentomecarefully,asIwillontheimportanceof

thearticle.

答案：gointodetail

3.HewillthecompanyinsteadofMrWang.

答案：takechargeof

4.WhenIwentintotheyard,Isawsomechildrensomestonestolook

forants.

答案：turningover

5.Hecopiestovariouspeopleforthemtoreadandmakecomments.

答案：sentoff

6.Icouldjustafigureinthedarkness,anddidn,tknowwhoitwas

infact.

答案：makeout

7.Theyenteredthecountryandpermanentresidence.

答案：appliedfor

8.Mybrotherwasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandhispersistence.

答案：paidoff

9.Part-timeEnglishclassesareoffered.,studentscantakeclasses

inword—processingandcomputing.

答案：Inaddition

10.1joinedStudentUnionatuniversity,manyschoolactivitiesafter

school.

答案：participatingin

N联想积累

“动词+名词+(in)doingsth”短语

①haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有问题/困难

②havetroubleindoingsth做某事有麻烦

③havedifficultyindoingsth做某事有困难

©spendtimeindoingsth花时间做某事

⑤WaStetimeindoingSth浪费时间做某事

❸常用句式

课文原句句式梳理仿写训练

1.Ifinditarealbattle

We_______________________

beingonmyfeetallthe

find+宾语+名词、形容词、whenWewerelyingonit.

time1ikethat.

分词等作宾补当我们躺在床上时，发现这床

我发现这样一直站着真的是

非常舒适。

一种挑战。(P24)

2.“ThatiswhenIrealised_________________Ithink

theimportanceofbeingathatdaywasthehappiest

journalist,“saidJunyan.本句是一个复合句，When引timeinmylife.

“就是在那时，我意识到了作导表语从句这就是我为什么认为那一天

为一名记者的重要性，”君燕是我一生中最开心的时光的

说。(P26)原因。

答案：1.foundthebedVerycomfortable2,Thisiswhy

直击承点突破石为

/Z单词,出津ZZ

①rewardn.奖赏，报酬vt.奖赏，报答(Pu)

・先练

(1)单句语法填空

©Hewasgivenarewardpassingtheexam.

(g)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswill

berewardedsuccessintheend.

答案：①for②With

(2)单句写作

Goodandevilwillalways；itisonlyaquestionoftime.

善恶到头终有报，只是来早与来迟。

答案：berewarded

■后讲

(1)inrewardfor.・.作为报酬;作为对..的报答

asareward(for...)作为(对...的)报酬/奖赏

give/offersbarewardforsth因为某事而给某人报酬

(2)rewardSbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而奖赏某人,因为(做)某事给某人报酬

rewardsbwithsth用某物回报某人

(3)rewardingadj.报酬高的，有益的

②chargevt.收费，要价n.负责(P21)

r先练

(1)单句语法填空

@Wehavetomakeasmallchargerefreshments.

(2)Thesuspectwaschargedmurderinghiswife.

答案：①for②With

(2)单句写作

AfewyearsagoZhangGanghisfather,scompany.

几年前，张刚接管了他爸爸的公司。

答案：tookchargeof

■后讲

(l)chargesbmoneyfor...向某人索取...的费用

chargesbwith...指控某人...

(2)inchargeof主管……,掌管/管理……

in/underthechargeofsb在某人的掌管之下，由某人负责

takechargeof管理，负责

freeofcharge=forfree免费

特别提醒

inchargeof往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事"；inthechargeof往往以

物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。

类似的还有：incontrolof"控制"，inthecontrolof"由...控制"；inpossession

of"拥有“，inthepossessionof"被...拥有”。

③appointmentn.约会，约见(P%)

『先练

(1)单句语法填空

φShemadeappointmentforhersontoseethedoctor.

(2)Shehasanappointmentheraccountantintheoffice.

答案：①an②With

(2)单句写作

HewantstofromMondaytoWednesday.

他想把他的约会从星期一改到星期三。

答案：changehisappointment

・后讲

(1)acceptanappointment接受任命

make/fixanappointmentwithsb与某人约会

haveanappointment有一个约会

(2)appoint约定;任命；委派

appointsbas...任命某人为...

④hesitatevi.犹豫，踌躇(P*)

丁先练

(1)单句语法填空

φDonothesitate(tell)usifyouhaveanyproblem.

②Hejumpedintotherivertosavethedrowninggirlhesitation.

答案：①totell©without

⑵单句改错

Weareatyourservice;don,thesitateturntousforhelp.

答案:hesitate后加to

■后讲

(l)hesitatetodosth不愿意做某事，对做某事有顾虑

hesitateabout/over(doing)sth对(做)某事犹豫不决

(2)hesitationn.踌躇，犹豫

withouthesitation毫不犹豫地

havenohesitationindoingsth毫不犹豫地做某事

⑤decreasevt.&n.减少，降低(P^)

。先练

(1)单句语法填空

(T)Therehasbeenadecreasethenumberofemployeesthisyear.

②Aftertakingthemedicine,histemperaturedecreasedfrom40℃

36.8℃.

答案：①in②to

(2)单句写作

Thenumberofthiskindofbird200.

这种鸟的数量减少到了200。

答案：hasdecreasedto

■后讲

decreasein...在...(方面)降低/减少

decreaseto/by...减少到/减少了...

decreasefrom...to...从...减少/降低到....

特别提醒

decreaseto短语中的to意为“减少到...”，而decreaseby意为“降低了....”。

⑥respondvi.反应；回复，回答很28)

嘲先练

(1)单句语法填空

©Thismodestgroupsizeallowsourteacherstorespondtheneedsof

eachstudent.

②TheS6commentscameresponsetospecificquestionsoftenaskedbythe

locals.

答案：①to②in

(2)单句写作

Theteacherthequestionthatstudentputforward.

老师对那个学生的问题作了肯定的回答。

答案：respondedyesto

♦后讲

(Drespondto回答,对...作出反应

(2)responsen.回答；反应；响应

makea/noresponseto...对...给予/没有回答

inresponseto作为对...的回应

⑦flexibleadj.灵活的，柔韧的很28)

「先练

(1)单句语法填空

①Weshouldsticktotheprinciplesandflexibleaswell.

(2)Youneedtobemoreflexibleandimaginativeyourapproach.

答案：①be②in

(2)单句写作

Ourplanshavetotocaterfortheneedsofeveryone.

我们的计划必须能够变通，以满足每个人的需要。

答案：beflexibleenough

■后讲

(l)beflexiblein在...方面灵活

(2)flexibilityn.灵活性

⑧comfortn.舒适，安逸vt.使舒服(P28)

工先练

⑴单句语法填空

φTheyhadenoughmoneytolivecomfortintheiroldage.

(2)Sheturnedintoamore(comfort)positiononthechair.

答案：①in②COmfortable

⑵单句改错

Theyliveatcomfortandluxury.

答案：at-*in

工后讲

(1)incomfort舒适地

takecomfortfrom/in在...中得到安慰

(2)comfortoneselfWith用...安慰自己

(3)comfortableadj.舒适的

⑨panicvi.&n.恐慌，惊惶(P2θ)

彳先练

⑴单句语法填空

©Officeworkersfledpanicasthefirebrokeout.

②Thechildren(panic)whentheyrealizedtheygotlost.

答案：①in②PaniCked

⑵单句写作

There,snopointabouttheexams.

对考试惊惶失措是没有用的。

答案：gettingintoapanic

工后讲

inpanic恐慌地

getintoapanic陷入恐慌

panic的过去式和过去分词均为panicked

〃短语&拨〃

①giveaidto给...帮助(P/

■r先练

⑴单句语法填空

Weshouldgiveaidwhoeverisinneed.

答案：to

⑵单句改错

φGiveaidtosomeonedoesn,tmeanonlytoprovidesomemoneyforhim.

(2)1didn,tspeakanyFrench,butanicemancametomyaids.

答案：①GiVe-GiVing②aids—aid

r后讲

inaidofsth/sb为了帮助某物/人

withtheaidof借助于

come/gotosb,said帮助某人

②InakeUP虚构，编造(P24)

照先练

(1)单句语法填空

①Theyoungwomanwhoisgoodat(make)upstoriesisgettingonwell

withthoselittlechildren.

②Fivestudentsmakeofalearninggroup.

答案：①IiIaking②UP

(2)单句写作

Heanexcuseabouthisdaughterbeingsick.

他编了个借口，说他的女儿病倒了。

答案：madeup

■后讲

makeout(费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚

makeit取得成功；准时到达；做到了

bemadeupof由...组成

makefor移向，走向；促成；有利于

makeupfor弥补，补偿

makeupone,smind下定决心

③gointodetail(s)讨论,细谈(P%)

丁先练

(1)单句语法填空

Askyourbosstogodetailaboutwhatheorsheneedsfromyou.

答案：into

⑵单句改错

©Planningisgoodasitdecidestodetailhowwedowhatwewanttodo.

②Goingfordetailaboutthestoryhappeningtohimisverydifficult.

答案：①第一个tofin②forfinto

坳后讲

in(more)detail详细地

④turnover反转；移交(P%)

・先练

(1)单句语法填空

φlfyouturn,youmightfinditeasiertogettosleep.

(2)1would,indeed,turntheevidencetothepolice,ifpossible.

答案：①OVer②OVer

(2)单句写作

AyoungmanwhosegoodlooksandinnocentsmilehaveanInternet

celebrityhassparkedasurgeininterestinhishometown-Litang.

一个因帅气外表和纯真笑容而在网络走红的年轻人带热了游客们对其家乡理塘的兴趣。

答案：turnedhiminto

丁后讲

turnaway转过去；把...打发走

turndown拒绝

turninto变成...

turnin上交

turnoff关掉，避开

turnouttobe结果是，证明是

turnon打开

⑤Payoff得到好结果，取得成功；付清(债务)(P26)

丁先练

(1)单句语法填空

φjohnstudiedhardbeforetheexamination,andit(pay)off.

②Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopaythatloan.

答案：①Paid②Off

⑵单句写作

Intheendallofhisgreatefforts.

最后，他的努力得到了回报。

答案：paidoff

需后讲

payback偿还；报复

payfor付...的钱

payavisitto参观...

⑥ratherthan而不是(P28)

彳先练

(1)单句语法填空

1thinkI,11haveacolddrinkrathercoffee.

答案：than

(2)单句写作

①,Idecidedtogohomebytaxi.

我决定乘出租车回家，而不愿意再等下去了。

(2)Whydidn,tyouaskforhelp,trytodoitonyourown?

你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？

答案：①Ratherthanwait②ratherthan

■后讲

woulddosthratherthandosth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿做某事而不愿意做某事

otherthan除...之外

⑦incase以防万一；万一(P28)

星先练

(1)单句语法填空

φltwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelaycasewegot

worried.

②Innocaseweallowsmokingintheclassroom.

答案：①in②Shan

(2)单句写作

You,dbettertakethekeyΓmout.

你最好带着钥匙以防我不在家。

答案：incase

除后讲

incaseof...假如...，在....情况下

inanycase无论如何，不管怎样

innocase绝不，在任何情况下都不(位于句首时，句子部分倒装)

inthis/thatCaSe如果是这样/那样的话

asisoftenthecase这是常有的事

⑧participatein参加(P3o)

飞先练

(1)单句语法填空

①EaChchiId(participate)inorganisedactivitiesatschoolthat

day.

②Wewantmore(participate)inthedecision-making.

答案：CDparticipated©participation

(2)单句写作

ManycountriesandregionsthefourthChinaInternational

ImportExpoinShanghai.

很多国家和地区参与了在上海举行的第四届中国国际进口博览会。

答案：participatedin

・后讲

takepartin参加，参与

beinvolvedin参与；卷入

〃句型与语法〃

①［教材原句］IaskedJunyanwhatshelikedmostaboutherjobandshesaidthat

althoughtherewasn,tmuchgloryinareporter,sexistence,shefounditinteresting

andchallenging.

我问君燕，在工作中她最喜欢什么，她说虽然记者的存在并没有什么光彩，但她发现这

份工作很有趣而且富有挑战性。(P26)

・先练

(1)单句语法填空

①In1492,ColumbusreachedisnowcalledAmerica.

(2)Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak,standingthereforseemed

likehours.

答案：①What②What

(2)单句改错

Hetoldmethathewantedwasacanvastravellingbag.

答案：thatwhat

/后讲

此处为What引导名词性从句作宾语。What可引导宾语从句，作动词、介词的宾语；还

可以引导主语、表语、同位语从句。由What引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数；但

若作表语的名词是复数概念，或What引导的从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的

谓语动词用复数。

②［教材原句］Shehesitatedandthentoldmethattheyearbeforeshehadbroken

herwristandthatthepreviousmonthshehadtwistedherankle.

她犹豫了一下，然后告诉我前一年她的手腕骨折了，上个月她扭伤了脚踝。(P27)

/先练

(1)单句语法填空

©Hesaidhewouldn,tgoshoppingandhewouldgoswimminginstead.

②Ithinkthatitwillclearupthisafternoonthattheywillgoout

foranouting.

答案：①that②and

(2)单句写作

ThenhesaidthatChineseisoneofthemostdifficultlanguagesintheworld

wemustpracticeitamonguseveryday.

然后他说汉语是世界上最难学的语言之一，我们必须在我们中间每天练习。

答案：andthat

「后讲

本句为“主语+谓语+(that)宾语从句+and+that宾语从句”句型。当一个谓语动词

后接两个或多个由that引导的并列宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，其他的that一般不

省略。

③［教材原句］Betweennowandthe21stcentury,citizensoftheworld;srichest

andmostadvancednationswillfinditmoreandmoredifficulttokeepupwiththe

demandforchange.

从现在开始到21世纪,这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民会感到越来越难以跟上

变化的需要。(P28)

・先练

(1)单句语法填空

φHisdecisionmadeitpossibleforus(finish)theworkbyfouro,clock

thisafternoon.

②NOmatterwhereheis,hemakesitarule(go)forawalkaftersupper.

答案：①tofinish②togo

(2)单句写作

Nobodywithoutoutsidesupport.

没有人认为不需要外力的支持就能够轻易取得成功。

答案：thinksiteasytosucceed

•后讲

句中使用了ufind+it+^∙.+todosth”结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是

不定式短语“tokeepupwiththedemandforChange",形容词difficult作宾语补足语。

特别提醒

it作形式宾语，用于“动词+it+宾补+真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：

“6”指常用的动词：think,believe,

make,find,consider,feel

“1”指形式宾语：it

“2”指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词

“3”指真正的宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句

课文回练升年运用I

根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Now,thespeedofchangeisbecoming](increasing)fast.Whatshouldwedo

2_(keep)upwithit?Let,stake3deepbreathandtrytosensethegoodthings

thefuturehastooffer.

Thejobareaswillbemostaffectedbytechnologicalchange.Jobsinfarmingand

heavyindustry4(decrease)whiletheserviceindustry,themediaarebooming.

5_doubt,thenumberofjobsinITwillmultiply.Therearealsomany6important

changes7(take)place.Thejobisgettingmoreandmoreflexible.Inthesame

way,companieswillchange8(be)moredynamic.Goodcommunicationskillswill

be9(extreme)important.Newtechnologyisthe10(drive)force,sodo∏,t

getleftbehind.

1.________2._____—3.____—4.

5.________6.______7.____—8.

9.10.

答案:1.increasingly2.tokeep3.a4.aredecreasing5.Without6.other

7.taking8.tobe9.extremely10.driving

下础达标1在训练I

I.单句语法填空

1.HeaskedhowmuchI(pay)forthecomputer.

答案：hadpaid本句是一个间接引语，宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，故应该

用过去完成时。

2.HeorderedIISthatwe(hand)inourhomeworkbefore5：00.

答案：(should)hand本句是一个间接引语，且主句的谓语动词是。rder,其后宾语从

句中的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形"，ShOUld可以省略。

3.Sheaskeduswewouldtakeonthattaskinthatcaseornot.

答案：whether与ornot连用的连词只有whether,在句中不作成分，表示“是否”

之意。

4.SheaskedUS(come)tohelpherwithEnglishthisweekend.

答案：tocomeasksbtodoSth是常用搭配，不定式作宾补。

5.(do)exerciseeverydayisgoodforourhealth,buttoomuchis

harmful.

答案：Doing根据句意可知，此处表示一种事实，应该用动名词作主语。

6.Shetoldmethattheyweresoquiet,shewastheonlypersontalking

inclassanditfeltasifthechildrenwerepunishingherbymakingher

talktothewalls!

答案：that;that根据句子结构可知，told后跟三个并列的that引导的宾语从句，

在这种情况下，第一个宾语从句的连接词that可省略，而后面的连接词不能省略，故两空均

用thato

7.Shesaysthatshe(leave)forBeijingthecomingweekend.

答案：isleaving根据句意可知，此处表示“将要动身去北京"，leave为表示位置

移动的动词，应该用现在进行时表将来。

8.Theysaywhattheywant(be)usefulandvariousmaterials.

答案：are分析句子结构可知，Say后面为宾语从句，而宾语从句中又包含What引导

的主语从句，表语materials为复数概念，故宾语从句中的谓语动词用复数。

9.(take)chargeofabigcompanyisveryhardforanewlyelected

manager.

答案：Taking句意：对于一名刚当选的经理来说，管理一个大公司是很困难的。此处

需用动名词作主语。

10.Hesaidalotbutdidn,tmakeclearwhenandwherethemeetingwould

beheld.

答案：it本句中，应用it作形式宾语，"Whenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld”

作真正的宾语。

II.单句写作

1.Itwasinabookstore(我买了那本朗文

词典).

答案：thatIboughttheLongmanDictionary

2.Heaskedme(何时召开运动会)∙

答案：whenthesportsmeetingwouldbeheld

3.Youwon,tfindpaper-cuttingdifficultyoukeeppracticing

it.

只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。

答案：aslongas

4.

在新的形势下，我们必须跟上时代前进的步伐。(keepupwith)

答案：Underthenewcircumstances,wemustkeepupwiththetimes.

5._________________________________________________________________

他告诉我们说，李华要动身去上海，我们第二天上午将在机场为他送行。

答案：HetoldusthatLiHuawasleavingforShanghaiandthatwewouldseehim

offattheairportthenextmorning.

m.语法填空

Chinaplanstocompletetheconstructionofaspacestationandhave]put

intooperationaround2022,saidZhouJianping,thechiefdesignerofChina,smanned

spaceprogram,ataforum(论坛)2(hold)insouthChina,sGuangdongProvince.

Thespacestation3(design)toweigh100tonsandaccommodatethreeastronauts,

4_couldbeenlargedifneeded,accordingtoZhou.

“ThemaingoaloftheconstructionofthespacestationistoenableChinato

becomeacountry5(independent)masteringthetechnologyforlong-termmanned

flightinnear-Earthspace,andhavingthecapabilitytocarryoutlong-termmanned

scientific6(experiment)innear-Earthspaceandcomprehensivedevelopment

andutilization(利用)ofspaceresources,“7(say)Zhouatthe4thChinaSummit

ForumonHumanFactorsEngineering,whichwasheldatSunYat-senUniversityfrom

SaturdaytoSunday.

ThespacestationwillbebuiltasChina,smainplatformforspacescience

research,8theintentionofmasteringthetechnologiesinconstructingand_9

(operate)largespacefacilities,thetechnologiesthatguaranteelifeandhealth

ofastronautswhooftenflyinorbit,andtheconstructionofa10(nation)space

lab,accordingtoZhou.

1.________2._____—3._____—4.

5.________6._____—7._____—8.

9.10.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国将在2022年实施的太空计划。

1.it考查代词。此处的it用来指代SPaCeStationo

2.held考查非谓语动词。forum和hold之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词作后置定

语。

3.isdesigned考查动词的时态和语态。spaceStatiOn和design之间是被动关系。

此处是讲述现阶段的事情，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。

4.which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中充当主语，先行词

是Thespacestation,指物，故填WhiCho

5.independently考查词性转换。这里应该用副词independentIy来修饰现在分词

masteringo

6.experiments考查名词。experiment是可数名词，这里要用复数表示泛指。

7.said考查动词的时态。根据本句后面的WaSheld可知，此处应该用一般过去时。

8.with考查介词。此处With