安徽省“耀正优”2023-2024学年高三上学期12月名校阶段检测联考英语试题

2024届“耀正优+”12月高三名校阶段检测联考英语考生注意：1．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhoprobablyknowsMr.Johnson’saddress?A．Vera.B．Joe.C．Jim.2．Wherewillthewomanprobablygonext?A．Tothelibrary.B．Tothegrocerystore.C．Totheprofessor’soffice.3．Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?A．Sheforgottobringthebook.B．Shebroughtthewrongbook.C．Shecan’tfindthebook.4．Whatpreventedthewomanfromsleepingwell?A．Thecoffee.B．Thenoise.C．Theexamstress.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Arestaurant.B．Somedishes.C．Arobot.第二节(共15小题;每小题1．5分,满分22．5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife.B．Neighbors.C．Strangers.7．Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisaction?A．Legal.B．Dangerous.C．Unnecessary.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?A．Thehotelreceptionist.B．Thewaitress.C．Thelaundrystaff.9．What’sthemangoingtodo?A．Pickuphisfriends.B．Cleanhisroom.C．Gofishing.10．Whenwilltheclothesbecollected?A．OnThursday.B．OnSaturday.C．OnFriday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．What’sthewoman’soriginalplanfortonight?A．Attendingabirthdayparty.B．Studyingforanexam.C．Havingagoodrest.12．Whenwillthewomanprobablyarrivehome?A．Ataround11:00p.m.B．Ataround10:30p.m.C．Ataround11:30p.m.13．Howdoesthemansound?A．Anxious.B．Enthusiastic.C．Disappointed.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inabookstore.B．Attheman’shouse.C．Inaclassroom.15．WhatdoesthewomansayaboutJohnGrisham?A．Hisbooksaren’tveryentertaining.B．Hiswritingstyleisalwaysthesame.C．Heknowsalotaboutthelegalsystem.16．Whatistheman’smajor?A．Education.B．Psychology.C．Law.17．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Buyabook.B．Attendaclass.C．Meethermother.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatdidthewhalediefrom?A．Waterpollution.B．Injuries.C．Disease.19．What’sonewaytosolvetheproblemaccordingtothespeaker?A．Tolowerthespeedofships.B．Toclosetheroutesofships.C．Toreducethenumberofships.20．What’sthespeaker’sattitudetowardsAndre’swork?A．Disapproving.B．Doubtful.C．Positive.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHere’salltheinformationyouneedtoknowaboutgettingamembershiptoSam’sClub.Exploreallthemembershipoffersbelow!Sam’sClubAnnualMembership.Sam’sClubhastwoannualmembershipoptions,ClubMembershipandPlusMembership:*ClubMembership:Thisisthestandardmembershiplevelandcosts$50peryear.*PlusMembership:Thisisthetopmembershiplevelandcosts$110peryear.ThoughthePlusMembershipismoreexpensive,itgetsyouanadditional2%backonyourpurchases(upto$500ayear)Sam’sClub3MonthFreeTrialMembershipASam’sClub3monthFreeTrialMembershipallowsyoutoexperienceeverythingthataClubMembershipgetsfor90days.Thisfreetrialofferislimitedtonewmembersonlyandyoucanonlygetoneofthesetrialmembershipsperhousehold(一家人).Thetrialmembershipissetuptoautorenew(自动续订)andyouwillbeeaclubmemberattheendofthethreemonthperiodautomatically,sobesuretocancelbefore90daysisup.YoucancancelatanytimeduringthefreetrialbycallinSam’sClub1DayShoppingPassSam’sCluboffersalDayShoppingPass,whichallowsnonmembergueststoshopatSam’sClubfor24hourswithoutamembership.Thoughitcamewithafewrestrictions:*Shoppingusinga1DayShoppingPasswillbechargeda10%feeonallpurchases.*AGuestMembershipisactivefor24hoursstartingatthetimeofpurchases.*Scan&Gocanonlybeusedbymembersandisnotavailableforguests.1.HowmuchshouldaPlusMembershipuserpayforsomethingboughtbyaClubMembershipuserpricedat$30?A.$28.8． B.$29.4． C.$30． D.$30.6．2.Whatdoweknowaboutthe3MonthFreeTrialMembership?A.ItofferslessbenefitthanaClubMembership.B.Onecancancelitanytimebeforetheendof90days.C.Onecangettwoofthesetrialmembershipsperhousehold.D.Itisnecessaryforyoutophoneifyouwanttobeeaclubmember.3.Whyisthe1DayShoppingPassprovided?A.Itisfornonmembergueststopurchasethings.B.Shoppingwiththepasswillgeta10%discount.C.Scan&.Gocanbeavailabletothosewiththepass.D.Thosewiththepasscanenjoythetoplevelservice.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了成为山姆会员所需要知道的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SamsClubAnmualMembership部分中“ThoughthePlusMembershipismoreexpensive,itgetsyouanadditional2%backonyourpurchases(upto$500ayear)(虽然Plus会员更贵，但它可以让你在购物时额外获得2%的折扣（每年最多500美元）)”可知，俱乐部会员以30美元的价格购买的东西，Plus会员应该支付30×98%=29.4美元。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Sam’sClub3MonthFreeTrialMembership部分中“Thetrialmembershipissetuptoautorenew(自动续订)andyouwillbeeaclubmemberattheendofthethreemonthperiodautomatically,sobesuretocancelbefore90daysisup.Youcancancelatanytimeduringthefreetrialbycallin(试用会员设置为自动续订，您将在三个月的期限结束时自动成为俱乐部会员，因此请务必在90天届满之前取消。您可以在免费试用期间随时取消，请拨”可知，3个月免费试用会员，可以在90天结束前随时取消它。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Sam’sClub1DayShoppingPass部分中“Sam’sCluboffersalDayShoppingPass,whichallowsnonmembergueststoshopatSam’sClubfor24hourswithoutamembership.(山姆会员店提供lDay购物卡，允许非会员客人在没有会员资格的情况下在山姆会员店购物24小时)”可知，提供1日购物通票是为了让非会员客人到山姆会员店买东西。故选A。BAsanengineer,Ihavedesignedelectroniccontrolsystemsformorethan30years,andIexpectedtodosountilIretired.Mywife,KrisztinaValter,isascientist.Oneday,shewenttoascientificactivitywithme.Mostknowledgeofbiologywentovermyhead,butonespeakerattractedmyattention.JochenZeil,aprofessorwhostudiesanimalbehavior,presentedamodelofhowinsectscouldworkoutawaytogotoatargetdespitehavingsmallbrains.Atlunchtime,mywifeintroducedus.ZeilandIhadaveryenjoyablediscussionabouthisideaandbiology.Beforeweparted,IjokedthatifhewantedanotherPhDstudent,hecouldcountmein.Aboutamonthlaterheemailedme,“Haven’theardfromyou.Haveyouenrolled(注册)yet?”Andthat’show,attheageof53,Ibecameaparttimedoctorialstudentinbiology.Mybackgroundinbiologyhadbeenoutofdateformanyyears,soIneededtolearnthebasicsfast.Itwasnoteasy,butIgotalotofhelpfromotherlaboratorymembersandmywife.ThemoreIlearnt,themoreIrealizedhowlittleIknew.Everypapercausedtheneedtoreadmore.Itwastiring,andattimesdisappointing,butbroughtalotoffun.Youread,think,andsuddenlythingsfallintoplace.ButthereissomethingIhavetogetusedto.Ifyourepeatanengineeringexperiement,youexpecttogetthesameresult.Thisisnotsoinbehaviorbiology.Yourexperimentsubjectsactuallyhaveamindoftheirown—Youcanputanantonatrackball,butyoucan’tmakeitwalkontheball.Nowattheageof61,thisperiodisnearlyatanend.Newknowledgeenrichesyou,regardlessofhowoldyouare.Myadviceisthatifyouhavetheopportunitytoenteranewfield,takeit.4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofmostoftheknowledgeaboutbiologypresentedattheactivity?A.Hecouldn’tthinktoohighlyofit.B.Hecouldn’tmakesenseofit.C.Heconsidereditquiteeasy.D.Hefeltitwassopractical.5.Howdidtheauthorbeeadoctorialstudentinbiologyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Heexpectedtorealizehisdreaminhisheartforlong.B.HesaidsomethingamusingandZeiltookitseriously.C.Hewasalwaysurgedbyhiswifetolearnbiology.D.HetriedhardtopersuadeZeiltotakehimin.6.Whatisthethemeofthirdparagraph?A.Theauthor’sgoodrelationshipwithotherlaboratorymembers.B.Theauthor’sdifficultyinlearningandhisdiscouragement.C.Theauthor’slearningexperiencesandhisreflection.D.Theauthor’spurposeoflearningthesubject.7.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’swordsinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Experimentingwithinsectsmaygetadifferentresult.B.Oldpeopleoughttoworkhardtogetacollegedegree.C.Theauthorprefersbehaviorbiologytoengineeringnow.D.Doingengineeringexperimentsiseasierthandoingbiologyones.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者53岁的时候，成为了一名生物学的兼职博士生的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Mostknowledgeofbiologywentovermyhead,butonespeakerattractedmyattention.(生物学的大部分知识都超出了我的想象，但有一位演讲者引起了我的注意。)”可知，作者他搞不懂活动中介绍的大部分生物学知识。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Beforeweparted,IjokedthatifhewantedanotherPhDstudent,hecouldcountmein.Aboutamonthlaterheemailedme,‘Haven’theardfromyou.Haveyouenrolled(注册)yet?’Andthat’show,attheageof53,Ibecameaparttimedoctorialstudentinbiology.(在我们分手之前，我开玩笑说，如果他想要另一个博士生，他可以把我算进去。大约一个月后，他给我发了一封电子邮件，‘没有你的消息。你报名了吗？’53岁的我就是这样成为一名生物学兼职博士生的。)”可知，作者说了一些有趣的话，而Zeil很认真对待，从而让作者成为生物学博士生。故选B项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第三段“Mybackgroundinbiologyhadbeenoutofdateformanyyears,soIneededtolearnthebasicsfast.Itwasnoteasy,butIgotalotofhelpfromotherlaboratorymembersandmywife.ThemoreIlearnt,themoreIrealizedhowlittleIknew.Everypapercausedtheneedtoreadmore.Itwastiring,andattimesdisappointing,butbroughtalotoffun.Youread,think,andsuddenlythingsfallintoplace.(我的生物学背景已经过时很多年了，所以我需要快速学习基础知识。这并不容易，但我得到了其他实验室成员和我妻子的很多帮助。我学到的越多，就越意识到我所知道的是多么的少。每一篇论文都需要阅读更多。这很累，有时也令人失望，但也带来了很多乐趣。你阅读、思考，然后事情突然就安排好了。)”可知，这段主要讲作者的学习经历和体会。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段“ButthereissomethingIhavetogetusedto.Ifyourepeatanengineeringexperiement,youexpecttogetthesameresult.Thisisnotsoinbehaviorbiology.Yourexperimentsubjectsactuallyhaveamindoftheirown—Youcanputanantonatrackball,butyoucan’tmakeitwalkontheball.(但有一件事我必须习惯。如果你重复一次工程经验，你会期望得到同样的结果。在行为生物学中情况并非如此。你的实验对象实际上有自己的想法——你可以把蚂蚁放在轨迹球上，但你不能让它在球上行走。)”可推知，用昆虫做实验可能会得到不同的结果。故选A项。CAnewlydevelopedalgorithm(算法)canspotdepressioninTwitteruserswith88.39%accuracy.DevelopedbyresearchersatBrunelUniversityLondonandtheUniversityofLeicester,thealgorithmdeterminessomeone’smentalstatebyanalyzingthe38datapointsfromtheirpublicTwitterinformation,includingtheirposts,theirpostingtimes,andtheotherusersintheirsocialcircle.“Wetestedthealgorithmontwolargedatabasesandparedourresultswiththoseobtainedbyotherdepressiondetectiontechniques,”saidProf.AbdulSadka,DirectorofBrunel’sInstituteofDigitalFutures.“Inallcases,we’vemanagedtomakeitperformbetterthanexistingtechniquesintermsoftheirclassificationaccuracy.”ThealgorithmwastrainedbyusingtwodatabasesthatcontaintheTwitterhistoryofthousandsofusers,aswellasadditionalinformationaboutthoseusers’mentalhealth.Eightypercentoftheinformationineachdatabasewasusedtoteachtherobot,withtheother20%thenusedtotestitsaccuracy.Therobotworksbyfirstexcluding(排除)alluserswithfewerthanfivepostsandrunningtheremaininginformationthroughnaturallanguagesoftwaretocorrectformisspellingsandshortformwords.Itthenconsidersthe38differentdatapoints—suchasauser’suseofpositiveandnegativewords,thenumberoffriendsandfollowerstheyhave,andtheiruseofemojis—andmakesadecisiononthatuser’smentalandemotionalstate.Theteamsaysthatsuchasystemcouldpotentiallymarkauser’sdepressionbeforetheypostsomethingintothepublicwebsitesontheInternet,pavingthewayforplatformssuchasTwitterandFacebooktoproactively(积极行动地)warnusersabouttheirmentalhealthissues.What’smore,therobotcanalsobeusedafteraposthasbeenmadeonthepublicplatforms,potentiallyallowingemployersandotherbusinessestoassessauser’smentalstatebasedontheirsocialmediaposts.Itcouldbeusedforanumberofreasons,theresearcherssay,includingtheuseinemotionalanalysis,criminalinvestigationoremploymentscreening.8.HowdoestherobotdetermineaTwitteruser’smentalstate?A.Byaccessingtheuser’sprevioushealthstatus.B.Byinquiringabouttheuser’sfriendsandfollowers.C.Bydiscoveringthemisspellingsandshortformwordsintheuser’sposts.D.Bytakingintoconsiderationthedifferentaspectsfromtheuser’spublicinformation.9.WhydoestheauthormentionProfAbdulSadka’swordsinparagraph2?A.Toshowthatthenewlydevelopedalgorithmisbetteratdepressiondetection.B.Toemphasizethedifferencesbetweendepressiondetectiontechniques.C.TorevealtheseriousnessofdepressionamongTwitterusers.D.Tointroducesomewaystodetectdepression.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whatfactorsdeterminedepression.B.Themonsymptomsofdepression.C.Whyresearcherswantedtoaccesspeople’smentalstate.D.Thetrainingandworkingprocessofthealgorithmsystem.11.Whatisoneofthepracticalusesofknowingtheusers’mentalandemotionalstate?A.Itcanhelpimprovethetechniquesofdepressiondetection.B.Itenablestheplatformstoprovidemedicalservicefortheirusers.C.Itcanhelppaniesselectmoresuitablestafffromsomecandidates.D.Itmakesitpossibleforwebsitestobetterprotecttheirusers’privacy.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种新开发的算法可以发现推特用户的抑郁症。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“DevelopedbyresearchersatBrunelUniversityLondonandtheUniversityofLeicester,thealgorithmdeterminessomeone’smentalstatebyanalyzingthe38datapointsfromtheirpublicTwitterinformation,includingtheirposts,theirpostingtimes,andtheotherusersintheirsocialcircle.(该算法由伦敦布鲁内尔大学和莱斯特大学的研究人员开发，通过分析某人公共推特信息中的38个数据点，包括他们的帖子、发布时间和社交圈中的其他用户，来确定某人的心理状态。)”以及第三段“Itthenconsidersthe38differentdatapoints—suchasauser’suseofpositiveandnegativewords,thenumberoffriendsandfollowerstheyhave,andtheiruseofemojis—andmakesadecisiononthatuser’smentalandemotionalstate.(然后，它考虑38个不同的数据点，如用户对积极和消极词语的使用，他们的朋友和追随者的数量，以及他们对表情符号的使用，并对用户的心理和情绪状态做出决定。)”可知，机器人通过考虑用户公共信息的不同方面来确定推特用户的心理状态。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Inallcases,we’vemanagedtomakeitperformbetterthanexistingtechniquesintermsoftheirclassificationaccuracy.(在所有情况下，我们都设法使其在分类准确性方面比现有技术表现得更好。)”可知，作者在第2段中提到了AbdulSadka教授的话，以表明新开发的算法在抑郁症检测方面更好。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第三段“ThealgorithmwastrainedbyusingtwodatabasesthatcontaintheTwitterhistoryofthousandsofusers,aswellasadditionalinformationaboutthoseusers’mentalhealth.Eightypercentoftheinformationineachdatabasewasusedtoteachtherobot,withtheother20%thenusedtotestitsaccuracy.(该算法是通过使用两个数据库进行训练的，这两个数据库包含数千名用户的推特历史记录，以及有关这些用户心理健康的其他信息。每个数据库中80%的信息用于教授机器人，另外20%用于测试其准确性。)”以及“Itthenconsidersthe38differentdatapoints—suchasauser’suseofpositiveandnegativewords,thenumberoffriendsandfollowerstheyhave,andtheiruseofemojis—andmakesadecisiononthatuser’smentalandemotionalstate.(然后，它考虑38个不同的数据点，如用户对积极和消极词语的使用，他们的朋友和追随者的数量，以及他们对表情符号的使用，并对用户的心理和情绪状态做出决定。)”可知，第三段主要讲算法系统的训练和工作过程。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“What’smore,therobotcanalsobeusedafteraposthasbeenmadeonthepublicplatforms,potentiallyallowingemployersandotherbusinessestoassessauser’smentalstatebasedontheirsocialmediaposts.Itcouldbeusedforanumberofreasons,theresearcherssay,includingtheuseinemotionalanalysis,criminalinvestigationoremploymentscreening.(此外，该机器人还可以在公共平台上发布帖子后使用，这可能使雇主和其他企业能够根据用户在社交媒体上的帖子来评估用户的心理状态。研究人员表示，它的使用可能有很多原因，包括用于情绪分析、刑事调查或就业筛选。)”可知，了解用户心理和情绪状态的实际用途之一是它可以帮助公司从一些候选人中选择更合适的员工。故选C项。DWiththerecentbanoniPhone12salesinFranceduetoradiationconcerns,apotentialsnowballeffectmightappear,asotherEuropeanUnionmemberstatescouldfollowsuit(效仿).Inastatementtothepressearlierthismonth,France’sDigitalMinisterJeanNoelBarrotsaidradiationfromtheiPhonemodelwasabovewhatislegallypermittedaccordingtonationaltechnologywatchdogs.TheSpecificAbsorptionRate(SAR)fortheiPhone12whenwornclosetothebody,forexampleintrouserpockets,wasfoundtobeabovethelegallimitof4wattsperkilogram.Applenowplansupdates,inresponsetotheradiationfromiPhone12,whichis5.74wattsperkilo,toberolledouttoalliPhone12ownersacrossFrance.TheFrenchgovernmentwarnedthatfailurefromApplewouldneedittorecallalltheiPhone12salreadyownedbyconsumerswithinthecountry.CurrentlytheWorldHealthOrganisationstatesthatthereisnoscientificevidencetosupporttheideathatmobilephoneradiationcouldbeharmfultohumans.Someorganisationsremendcautionfortheiruseandsupportfurtherdefinitivelongtermresearch,whichiswhygovernmentsafetyguidelinesaretentatively(实验性地)inplace.Itistruethatphonesemitradiation.However,itisgenerallyassumedtobesafeandisthesametypeusedtotransmitradiostationfrequencies.Thisisadifferenttypeparedtootherformsofradiationsuchasxrays,whichweknowtobeharmful.Sofar,nogoodexplanationshavebeenfoundtodemonstratethatradiationfrommobilephonescanaffectpeople’shealth.ItisalsounlikelythattheywillincreasecancerriskastheenergyemittedisgenerallythoughtofbyscientistsasbeingtooweaktodamageDNA.TheissuehasresultedintheFrenchgovernmentexpressingtheirattitude,andAppleisnottheonlymanufacturerunderscrutiny.OtherbrandssuchasSamsungandMotorolaallhavemodelswhichexceedthenationallimit.Infact,over50phonemodelsacrossthemajortechpanysphereareincludedinthelistbyFrenchtechnologywatchdogs,withflagshipproductssuchastheSamsungGalaxyNote10andMotorolaEdgeallunderscrutiny.Whileitisunlikelythatmobilephoneradiationislikelytodamagehealth,France’sdramaticassertion(断言)overatechgiantlikeApplehascausedotherstofollowsuit.MathieuMichel,Belgium’ssecretaryofstatefordigitization,hasalsovowedtoinvestigatetheissueforthecountry,whileGermanyandItalyarealsopayingcloseattentiontoanydevelopments.12.HowmuchhigheristheradiationfromaniPhone12thanthatofthelegallimit?A.1.32wattsperkilo. B.1.46wattsperkilo.C.1.57wattsperkilo. D.1.74wattsperkilo.13.WhatdidtheFrenchgovernmentrequireAppletodo?A.TorepairalltheiPhone12ssoldinFrance. B.ToupdatealltheiPhone12ssoldinFrance.C.ToaskforalltheiPhone12stobereturned. D.ToreplacealltheiPhone12swithothertypes.14.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“scrutiny”inparagraph6?A.Examination. B.Development. C.Instruction. D.Budget.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.FrancepromisestoaccuseAppleforiPhone12B.France’siPhone12banleadstoApple’sprotestC.FrancepromisestoreduceradiationlevelfromiPhone12D.France’siPhone12bancouldleadtoEUwidetechregulation【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了由于担心辐射，法国最近禁止了iPhone12的销售，潜在的滚雪球效应可能会出现，因为其他欧盟成员国可能会效仿。文章说明了iPhone12的辐射超出情况以及社会各方对此的看法和态度。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheSpecificAbsorptionRate(SAR)fortheiPhone12,whenwornclosetothebody,forexampleintrouserpockets,wasfoundtobeabovethelegallimitof4wattsperkilogram.Applenowplansupdates,inresponsetotheradiationfromiPhone12,whichis5.74wattsperkilo,toberolledouttoalliPhone12ownersacrossFrance.(研究发现，当iPhone12佩戴在靠近身体的地方，比如放在裤子口袋里时，它的比吸收率（SAR）高于每公斤4瓦特的法定上限。为了应对iPhone12每公斤5.74瓦的辐射，苹果公司现在计划对法国所有iPhone12用户进行更新)”可知，iPhone12的辐射比法定上限高出5.744=每公斤1.74瓦特。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheFrenchgovernmentwarnedthatfailurefromApplewouldneedittorecallalltheiPhone12salreadyownedbyconsumerswithinthecountry.(法国政府警告称，如果苹果公司出现问题，将需要召回法国国内消费者已经拥有的所有iPhone12)”可知，法国政府要求苹果公司召回所有iPhone12。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Appleisnottheonlymanufacturerunder”以及后文“OtherbrandssuchasSamsungandMotorolaallhavemodelswhichexceedthenationallimit.(三星和摩托罗拉等其他品牌都有超过国家限制的型号)”可知，苹果并不是唯一受到审查的制造商，三星和摩托罗拉等其他品牌都有超过国家限制的型号。故划线词意思是“审查”。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“WiththerecentbanoniPhone12salesinFranceduetoradiationconcerns,apotentialsnowballeffectmightappear,asotherEuropeanUnionmemberstatescouldfollowsuit(效仿).(由于担心辐射，法国最近禁止了iPhone12的销售，潜在的滚雪球效应可能会出现，因为其他欧盟成员国可能会效仿)”可知，文章主要说明了由于担心辐射，法国最近禁止了iPhone12的销售，潜在的滚雪球效应可能会出现，因为其他欧盟成员国可能会效仿。故D选项“法国的iPhone12禁令可能会导致欧盟范围内的科技监管”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。QuickfactsaboutOPTYearafteryear,internationalstudentsfromaroundtheworldetotheUSinpursuitofoneofthebesteducationaloffersintheworld.___16___ButforothersthegoalistoworkintheUSaftergraduation.WhatisOPT?___17___EveryinternationalstudentintheUSentitled(使有权利)to12monthsofpracticaltraining(i.e.work)intheUSunderOPT.Typically,ifyouarenotacitizenofaparticularcountry,thenyouarenotallowedtoworkinthatcountrywithoutproperdocuments.Similarly,asaninternationalstudentintheUSwithoutproperdocuments,OPTisonethatallowsyoutodoso.ItisalsoimportanttonotethatstudentsstudyingintheSTEMfieldsgeta24monthextensioninadditiontothenormal12monthsforatotalof36months.___18___However,OPTonlygivesinternationalstudents12monthsofemployment.Inthelongrun,foreignerswouldseekanH1BvisainordertoworkintheUSforthelongterm.___19___Youwillfirstneedtofindanpanythatwouldliketosponsor(赞助)youforyourH1Bvisa.Thismeansthatyouhavetoapplyforjobs,andontopofthat,youhavetomakesurethatifyouacceptajoboffer,thatpanywillwanttopaytheadditionalfeetosponsoryou.WhynotgostraightforanH1Baftergraduation?Asstatedpreviously,apanyisrequiredtosponsoryouinorderforyoutobeeligible(合格)foranH1Bvisa.Thismeansthatifyoubreakthelaw,thenthepanysponsoringyouwillshareresponsibilityinonewayoranother.Somepaniesmightviewsponsoringaninternationalstudentasalegalresponsibility.___20___IfyourgoalreallyistoworkintheUSinthelongrun,thentheOPTgivesyouaperiodoftimetoproveyourselftothepanyyou’dliketoworkfor.A.Theywishtogiveothersahand.B.Howcanyouapplyforasuitablecollege?C.Thustheymaynotwanttogothatextramile.D.OPTsimplystandsforOptionalPracticalTraining.E.WhatifyouwanttoworkintheUSforlongerthanthat?F.Manystudentsplantomakeuseoftheirdegreesbackhome.G.Similartoapplyingforuniversities,therearerequirementstoapplyforanH1Bvisa.【答案】16.F17.D18.E19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍关于OPT(可选实践培训)的一些事实。【16题详解】由下文“ButforothersthegoalistoworkintheUSaftergraduation.(但对其他人来说，目标是毕业后到美国工作)”可知，一些美国留学生想毕业后留在美国工作。而F项Manystudentsplantomakeuseoftheirdegreesbackhome.(许多学生计划在国内利用他们的学位)符合语境，其中Manystudents和下文others对应，backhome与workintheUS对应，有启下作用。故选F项。【17题详解】由下文“EveryinternationalstudentintheUSentitled(使有权利)to12monthsofpracticaltraining(i.e.work)intheUSunderOPT.Typically,ifyouarenotacitizenofaparticularcountry,thenyouarenotallowedtoworkinthatcountrywithoutproperdocuments.Similarly,asaninternationalstudentintheUSwithoutproperdocuments,OPTisonethatallowsyoutodoso.(每个在美国的国际学生都有权根据OPT在美国接受为期12个月的实践培训（即工作）。通常，如果你不是某个特定国家的公民，那么在没有适当证件的情况下，你不允许在该国家工作。同样，作为一名在美国没有适当证件的国际学生，OPT却允许你这样做)”可知，这里主要解释OPT是什么以及作用。而D项OPTsimplystandsforOptionalPracticalTraining.(OPT只是可选实践培训的缩写)符合语境，本句也是在解释OPT的定义，与下文内容一致。故选D项。【18题详解】由下文“However,OPTonlygivesinternationalstudents12monthsofemployment.Inthelongrun,foreignerswouldseekanH1BvisainordertoworkintheUSforthelongterm.(然而，OPT只给国际学生12个月就业时间。从长远来看，外国人将寻求H1B签证，以便在美国长期工作)”可知，如果需要长期在美国工作，则需要H1B签证。而E项WhatifyouwanttoworkintheUSforlongerthanthat?(如果你想在美国工作更长时间怎么办？)符合语境，其中longerthanthat与下文forthelongterm对应，所以有启下作用。故选E项。【19题详解】由下文“Youwillfirstneedtofindanpanythatwouldliketosponsor(赞助)youforyourH1Bvisa.Thismeansthatyouhavetoapplyforjobs,andontopofthat,youhavetomakesurethatifyouacceptajoboffer,thatpanywillwanttopaytheadditionalfeetosponsoryou.(你首先需要找到一家愿意为你的H1B签证提供担保的公司。这意味着你必须申请工作，最重要的是，你必须确保如果你接受了工作邀请，公司会愿意支付额外的费用来赞助你)”可知，这里主要讲怎样申请H1B签证。而G项Similartoapplyingforuniversities,therearerequirementstoapplyforanH1Bvisa.(与申请大学类似，申请H1B签证也有要求)符合语境，有启下作用。故选G项。【20题详解】由上文“Asstatedpreviously,apanyisrequiredtosponsoryouinorderforyoutobeeligible(合格的)foranH1Bvisa.Thismeansthatifyoubreakthelaw,thenthepanysponsoringyouwillshareresponsibilityinonewayoranother.Somepaniesmightviewsponsoringaninternationalstudentasalegalresponsibility.(如前所述，为了使您有资格获得H1B签证，需要一家公司为您提供担保。这意味着，如果你违法，那么赞助你的公司将以这样或那样的方式分担责任。一些公司可能会将资助国际学生视为一种法律责任)”可知，如果留学生违法，那么赞助他的公司将以这样或那样的方式分担责任。而C项Thustheymaynotwanttogothatextramile.(Thustheymaynotwanttogothatextramile.因此，他们可能不想多走那么远)符合语境，其中they指代上文Somepanies，有承上作用。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。For35years,FloydMartinhasdeliveredthemailtoresidentsinMarietta,Georgia.Onthedayofhis___21___,theentiremunity___22___tohonorthis___23___mailman.MartinbecameapostalworkerwiththeUnitedStatesPostalServiceshortlyafterhegraduatedfromhighschoolandmademanyfriendsovertheyears.AlittlegirlnamedMae___24___thestoryofhowshedressedlikeMartinforCareerDayatschool.“Iwassohonored,”themailmansaid.“It___25___myheart.”Maeisoneofthemanykidsinthe___26___thatlovetoseethemailman.That’sbecauseMartinoftengiveskidscandies.Andit’snotjustthechildrenwhoget___27___.Healsogivessnackstocatsanddogsheesacross,too.___28___thepackageshedeliversandthetreatshegives,Martinprovidestheneighborhoodwithsomethingmore___29___:kindness.Someneighbors___30___theirmailboxeswithflowers,balloonsandsigns,andthecelebrationcontinuedwhenhisfinaldayofworkended.Morethan300neighborsattendedtheneighborhoodpartyhonoringMartin.Severalstoodupandsaidkindwordstohonorhim.Then,Martinrosetothanktheneighborhood.“Thankyoufor___31___me.We’vegonethroughgoodtimesandbadtimestogether.”Hesaid___32___hehadlosthisparentsandmanyofhisfriends,heknowshesti