粤人版小学六年级下册情态动词专项（教师版）

粤人版小学六年级下册情态动词专项情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。情态动词的种类：情态动词有can(could),may,must,haveto,shall(should),will(would),need等，这些是小学阶段需掌握的情态动词。情态动词的用法：can,(could过去式）1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知识）Canyouskate?（技能）2)表示请求和允许。CanIgonow?Could\Canyouhelpme?Yes,ofcourse.\Certainly.\Sure.Could\CanyoutellmethewaytotheZoo?3)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Canthisbetrue?Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue?may1)表示请求和允许。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。MayIsmokeinthisroom?No,youmustn’t.MayItakethisbookoutoftheroom?Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t)用MayI...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI...？在口语中更常见。2）表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。1．Hemaybeverybusynow.2．Yourmothermaynotknowthetruth.3）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!must,haveto1)must表示必须、必要,带有命令强制口气；而haveto表示不得不，很勉强，强调客观需要。Youmusteintime.Wemusthelpeachother.Mysisterisill;mymotherhastolookafterher.IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.注意：must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。在回答由must引起的疑问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t,don’thaveto（不必要）。Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?Yes,youmust.No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.2)must表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句），意思为“一定是,必然……”。1．You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2．Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.shall,1)shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。Whatshallwedothisevening?2)shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。1.Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.(警告)2.HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)3.Heshallbepunished.(威胁)should和shouldn’t表示应该劝告、建议。Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.Sheshouldn’tplayputergamestoomuch.will（过去式would）1)做助动词，表示一般将来时，将要。Hewillbehomeatsix.Bobwillleaveschoolnextmonth.2)作为情态动词时表示“愿意”“意愿”“会”。Iwillhelpyou.Iwillneverdothatagain.Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?【即学即练】

(一)用适当的情态动词填空。

1.MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you________.

2.________Iuseyourcar?Yes,you________.

3.________Igohomenow?No,you_________stayhere.

4.

Mymotherisill.I_________stayathomeandlookafterher.

5.

________youlikesometea?

6.You________takemoreexercise.

7.________youtellmehowtogettotheQingyunPark?

8.Theclock________tellusthetime.

9.________youliketogofishingwithme?

10.________weplayfootballthisafternoon?Keys:1.needn't/don’thaveto2.Might/May;can3.Might/May;must4.haveto5.Would6.should7.Can8.can9.Would10.Might/May(二)按要求改写句子。

1.

Icanrunfast.

I________________fast.(否定句)

2.

Youmustreturnthebooknow.（一般疑问句）

________Ireturnthebooknow?No,you________.

3.

Hecanplaybasketballwell.（一般疑问句）

_______he______basketballwell?

4.

Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.（否定句）

They________________thebooksoutoftheroom.

5.

Heshouldgetupearly.

(否定句)

He_______getuplate.Keys:1.can'trun2.Must;needn't/don’thaveto3.Can;play4.mustn'ttake5.shouldn’t(三)对划线部分提问。1.

Wemustn’tpicktheflowersinthepark.

2.Weshouldplantmoretrees.

3.Iwouldlikesomecakestoeat.4.Shecouldswimfiveyearsago.5.Weshouldprotectanimalsbecausetheyareourgoodfriends.

6.Tomcouldgotothecinema(电影院)withhissister.Keys:1.Whatmustn’twepickinthepark?2.Whatshouldweplant?3.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?4.Whencouldsheswim?5.Whyshouldweprotectanimals?6.WhomcouldTomgotothecinemawith?(四)单项选择。Lucyshouldherhomeworknow.A.finishes B.finishing C.finished D.finishMymotherwouldbacksoon.A.came B.es C.e D.willeCouldyoumeahand.A.giving B.gives C.given D.giveShouldInow.A.started B.starting C.start D.startsItakethisone?A.Could B.Will C.Are D.DoCanyouspeakEnglish?No,I.A.mustn't B.can't C.couldn't D.maynotYougoandseeadoctorbecauseyouhadafever(发烧).A.could B.might C.should D.wouldJimetonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.should B.might C.would D.shallThechildrenplayfootballontheroad.A.couldn't B.could C.must D.mustn'tCanItakethisbookout?No,you.A.mustnot B.couldnot C.willnot D.aren'tIliketogowithyou.A.could B.would C.should D.willSheisbleeding(流血).Shegotohospitalquickly.A.could B.would C.should D.willYouwatchTVafterfinishingyourhomework.A.would B.can