山东省烟台市招远第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

高一英语说明：本试卷由四个部分组成，共11页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。请把答案全部涂写在答题卡上，考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hecan’tseeverywell.B.He’snotfeelingwell.C.Hiseyedoesn’thurtverymuch.2.Whatdoesthewomanadvise?A.Heshouldmovethedeskback.B.Heshouldgotoseethedoctor.C.Heshouldasksomeonetohelphim.3.WhyaretheytryingtocallDavid?A.Totellhimthattheyarebusy.B.Toinvitehimtoseeamoviewiththem.C.Toaskhimtogetintouchwiththem.4.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Heprobablyswallowedthebelt.B.HeprobablywenttoItaly.C.Hehadabigbowlofnoodles.5.Whichisthebestwordtodescribetheman?A.Humorous(幽默的).B.Strict.C.Kind.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sheisplanningaparty.B.Sheisworkingontheputer.C.SheislookingforanMP3player.7.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Nottellingherparentsabouttheparty.B.Notkeepingherplanssecret.C.Notinvitingmoregueststotheparty.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atarailwaystation.B.Onatrain.C.Inachessclub.9.WhenwilltheygettoNewYork?A.Inanhourorso.B.Inaboutaday.C.Inseveralminutes.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisnotverygoodatchess.B.Shewantstoplaysomeothergames.C.Sheplayschessveryoften.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Motherandson.C.Sisterandbrother.12.WhatisDaviddoing?A.Heiseditingavideo.B.Heismakingdumplings.C.Heiswritingletterstofriends.13.Whatisthevideoabout?A.Davidplayingfootball.B.Davidcooking.C.David’smothermakingdumplings.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Worry.B.Truth.C.Study.15.Whyisthemanworried?A.Hefailedhislasttest.B.Hemisseshisteacher.C.Hewillhaveexamssoon.16.Whydoesthemanaskthewomanforadvice?A.Shehasalreadypassedtheexam.B.Shehasbeenthroughasimilarexperience.C.Sheofferslessonsaboutexaminations.17.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Turntotheteacher.B.Getlotsofsleep.C.Nottaketheexam.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhydidCharlesDickensgetverylittleeducation?A.Becausehismotherwasill.B.Becausehedidn’twanttogotoschool.C.Becausehisfamilywasverypoor.19.WhatdidCharlesDickensdobeforehepublishedhisfirstnovel?A.Heworkedasaclerk.B.Heworkedasanovelist.C.Heworkedasanewspaperreporter.20.WhatdidCharlesDickensdoafterhepublishedhisfirstnovel?A.Hecontinuedtoworkatthesameplace.B.Helefthisjob.C.Hebegantoworkharder.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALovetowrite?Wanttoseeyourworkpublishedandwinsomecashalongtheway?Thenreadon.ThenationalSparkaStorywritingcontestiscallinginallyoungstorytellers!Whocanparticipate?Thecontestisopentostudentsingrades9,10,11or12,orthosewhoarebeinghomeschooledintheUnitedStates.DeadlineandrequirementsYou’reabletosendyourshortstoryuptoOctober7th.Itwillbejudgedoncreativity,originalityandoverallqualityofwriting.Yourstorymustbeoriginalworksandshouldbenolongerthan5000words.Thereisnominimumlengthrequirements.HowcanIsendmyshortstory?Therearethreeeasywaystosendyourshortstory:*Onlineat://learn.hmhco/hmhsparkamind*SendyourshortstoryviaU.S.Mailto:HoughtonMifflinHarcourtPublishingpany222BerkeleyStreetBostonWhatwillIwin?ThebeststorieswillbepublishednextyearWinnerswillreceiveafreecopyofthebookandcashpriceof$100.1.Thepassageiswrittenfor________toread.A.students B.teachers C.parents D.foreigners2.Whichofthefollowingchildrencantakepartinthecontest?A.Maria,grade7,fromNewYork. B.Justin,grade9,fromLondon.C.Catherine,grade11,fromWashingtonD.C. D.Bastian,homeschooledfromParis.3.WhichofthefollowingwaysisNOTacorrectwaytosendyourstory?A.Sendingitonline. B.Sendingitbyemail.C.SendingitbyUSmail. D.Sendingitbyfax.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一个面向学生的小说竞赛项目的具体细节。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章Whocanparticipate?部分内容“Thecontestisopentostudentsingrades9,10,11or12,orthosewhoarebeinghomeschooledintheUnitedStates.”可知，该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生，以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生，可推知，读者应是学生。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Whocanparticipate?部分内容“Thecontestisopentostudentsingrades9,10,11or12,orthosewhoarebeinghomeschooledintheUnitedStates.”可知，该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生，以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生，选项C“Catherine,grade11,fromWashingtonD.C.(凯瑟琳，11年级，来自华盛顿特区)”符合要求。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章HowcanIsendmyshortstory?部分内容“Therearethreeeasywaystosendyourshortstory:*Onlineat://learn.hmhco/hmhsparkamind*SendyourshortstoryasaPDForMicrosoftworddocumenttoSparka@hmhco*SendyourshortstoryviaU.S.Mailto:HoughtonMifflinHarcourtPublishingpany222BerkeleyStreetBoston,MA02116”可知，有三种简单的方式来发送短篇故事，分别是：在线://learn.hmhco/hmhsparkamind；将你的短篇小说以PDF或Microsoftword格式发送到Sparka@hmhco以及将你的短篇小说通过美国邮件发送到HoughtonMifflinHarcourt出版公司，选项D“Sendingitbyfax(用发送)”并未提及。故选D【点睛】事实细节题在阅读理解题中，有相当一部分属于事实或细节题这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。比如文章的第2小题：2.Whichofthefollowingchildrencantakepartinthecontest?A.Maria,grade7,fromNewYork.B.Justin,grade9,fromLondon.C.Catherine,grade11,fromWashingtonD.C.D.Bastian,homeschooledfrom事实细节题。根据关键词“takepartin”定位到文章内容“Thecontestisopentostudentsingrades9,10,11or12,orthosewhoarebeinghomeschooledintheUnitedStates.”可知，该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生，以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生，以此为依据，对选项进行判断可知，符合要求的应是C项。故选C项。BSomepeoplethinkthatasmoreandmorepeoplehavetelevisionsintheirhomes,fewerandfewerpeoplewillbuybooksandnewspapersWhyreadanarticleinthenewspaper,whentheTVnewscanbringyoutheinformationinafewminutesandwithpictures?Whyreadthelifestoryofafamousman,whenshorttelevisionprogramcantellyouallthatyouwanttoknow?Televisionhasnotkilledreading,however.Today,newspaperssellinverylargenumbers.Andbooksofeverykindaresoldmorethaneverbefore.Booksarestillacheapwaytogetinformationandenjoyment.Althoughsomebookswithhardcoversareexpensive,manybooksareprintedtodayaspaperbooks(平装本),whicharequitecheap.Apaperbackcollectionofshortstories,forexample,isalwayscheaperthananeveningatthecinemaorthetheater,andyoucankeepabookforeverandreaditmanytimes.Booksareawonderfulproviderofknowledgeandpleasureandsometypesofbooksshouldbeineveryhome.Everyhomeshouldhaveagooddictionary.Agoodencyclopedia(百科全书),thoughexpensive,isuseful,toobecauseyoucanfindinformationonanysubject.Besides,youcanhavesuchbooksashistorybooks,sciencetextbook,cookbooks,andcollectionsofstoriesandpoems.Thenfromtimetotimeyoucantakeabookofpoemsoffyourshelvesandreadthethoughtsandfeelingsofyourfavoritepoets.4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.TVprogramsareamainproviderofknowledgeB.cinemasarethebestchoiceingettinginformationC.readingisacheapwayoflearningandhavingfunD.newspapersareanexpensivewaytoenjoyoneself5.Whatdoesthesentences“Televisionhasnotkilledreading,however”underlinedinthesecondparagraphsuggest?A.Peopleonlyneedreading,though. B.Readingisstillnecessarytoday.C.Readingismorefunthantelevision. D.Watchingtelevisiondoesn’thelpreading.6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Fewerandfewerpeoplewillbuybooks.B.Agooddictionaryshouldbekeptineveryhome.C.Bookswithhardcoverssellbetterthanpaperbooks.D.MorepeoplelikeTVprogramsaboutfamousmen.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbooks?A.indifferent B.objective C.doubtful D.supportive【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了虽然人们获取信息的方式有很多种，但报纸仍然会存在而不会消失。【4题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Booksarestillacheapwaytogetinformationandenjoyment.”（书籍仍然是获取信息和享受的廉价方式。），可得出阅读是一种廉价的学习和娱乐方式。故选C项。【5题详解】句意猜测题。由第二段中的“Today,newspaperssellinverylargenumbers.Andbooksofeverykindaresoldmorethaneverbefore.Booksarestillacheapwaytogetinformationandenjoyment.”（今天，报纸大量出售。各种各样的书都比以前卖的多。书籍仍然是获取信息和享受的廉价方式。），可知作为获取信息的手段，报纸大量出售，说明报纸阅读仍然很重要，“Televisionhasnotkilledreading,however”在此处意为“今天阅读仍然是必要的”。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Everyhomeshouldhaveagooddictionary.”（每个家庭都应该有一本好词典。），可知家家户户都应该保存一本好词典。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Booksarestillacheapwaytogetinformationandenjoyment.”（书籍仍然是获取信息和享受的廉价方式。）和第三段中的“Booksareawonderfulproviderofknowledgeandpleasureandsometypesofbooksshouldbeineveryhome.”（书籍是知识和乐趣的绝佳提供者，有些类型的书应该在每个家庭中都有。），可知作者认为书籍很好，可获取信息和得到快乐，是知识和乐趣的绝佳提供者，说明作者以“支持”的口吻谈论书籍。故选D项。CWashingtonishometolotsoftrees—itistheEvergreenTheideastartedasafathersonbondingprojecthetoldmsn.“Ihadtocutwoodwithmydad.Hejustloveddoingit,”saysShane.Hewantedtopassalongthatfeeling,soheandthetwinsspentthesummerof2018likeaclanofPaulBunyans.Theresultwasagreatwallofwoodpileduparoundtheirhouse.ItwastoomuchfortheMcDanielstousethemselves,andwhentheweatherturnedcoldthatNovember,Shanestartedthinkingofothers.HepostedonFacebook:“IFYOUAREINNEEDOFFIREWOODANDCANNOTAFFORDIT,PLEASEPM[personalmessage]ME!...PleasehelpmeandmyboysmakesureNOONEGOESCOLD.”SinglemomKatelynTicer,29,andherfouryearolddaughterrelyonwoodburningstoveastheironlysourceofheat,soitwasarelieftoreceiveatruckloadoffirewoodfromtheMcDanielsbeforetheholidays.“Togetthatmuchwoodbroughtmetotears,”toldmsn.“Somuchstressandanxietyisoffmyshoulders.Icouldn’tbemorethankful.”ShaneisOKwiththat.“Givingisthereward,”hesays.“Ithasnothingtodowithhowwellit’sreceived,it’sabouthowmuchit’sneeded.”8.WhydidShanewanttohelpothers?A.Hewasarichman. B.Helikedchoppingwood.C.Hedidn’tneedsomuchwood. D.Hewaswillingtocarryouthisfamily’stradition.9.HowdidothersknowShane’shelp?A.ViatheInternet. B.BytelephoningShane.C.Byadvertisinginthenewspaper. D.Bysendingthemessagetoeachother.10.WhatwasKatelynTicer’sreactiontotheMcDaniels’help?A.Stressed B.Satisfied C.Grateful D.Anxious11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Howtogetwoodforfree? B.Whatyoudidwillbepaidback.C.PeopleinWashingtonneedwoodgreatly. D.Afamilywarmedothersbychoppingwood.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了住在华盛顿的ShaneMcDaniel一家通过砍下一卡车的木材，捐赠给有需要的人，来帮助他人的事情。文章还说明了他们这么做的原因，以及接受他捐赠的人对此的看法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theideastartedasafathersonbondingprojecthetoldmsn.‘Ihadtocutwoodwithmydad.Hejustloveddoingit,’saysShane.Hewantedtopassalongthatfeeling”可知他告诉msn，这个想法一开始是为了增进父子感情。“我不得不和爸爸一起砍柴。他就是喜欢这样做，”Shane说。他想把这种感觉传递下去……由此可知，Shane帮助别人，因为他乐于传承家族的传统。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“HepostedonFacebook:‘IFYOUAREINNEEDOFFIREWOODANDCANNOTAFFORDIT,PLEASEPM[personalmessage]ME!...PleasehelpmeandmyboysmakesureNOONEGOESCOLD.’”可知他在脸书上写道:“如果你需要柴火而又买不起，请发个人信息给我！请帮我和我的孩子们确保没有人会挨冻。”由此可知，Shane在Facebook上发布了愿意为其他人提供柴火的信息，所以其他人是通过互联网知道Shane所提供的帮助。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Somuchstressandanxietyisoffmyshoulders.Icouldn’tbemorethankful.”可知我摆脱了太多的压力和焦虑。我真是感激不尽。由此可知，KatelynTicer很感激McDaniel一家的帮助。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Luckily,ShaneMcDanielandhistwinsons,HarrisonandHenryMcDaniel,21,arehappytolendanax.Thethreemenchoptruckloadsofwood—thendonateittothoseinneed.”可知幸运的是，ShaneMcDaniel和他21岁的双胞胎儿子Harrison和HenryMcDaniel很乐意伸出援手。这三个人砍下一卡车的木材，然后捐赠给有需要的人。结合文章主要记叙了住在华盛顿的ShaneMcDaniel一家通过砍下一卡车的木材，捐赠给有需要的人，来帮助他人的事情。文章还说明了他们这么做的原因，以及接受他捐赠的人对此的看法。由此可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们一个家庭靠砍柴温暖他人。故选D。DAteacherSavedCafeteriaofStudentsfromanActiveShooter.HerstudentsnowparehertoChuckNorris.AngelaMcQueenhasaroutinejobwhenshe’sonlunchmonitoringduty.AsalongtimemathsteacheratMattoonHighSchoolinMattoon,InSeptember2017,McQueen,then40,hadfinishedonlyonecirclewhen14yearoldfreshmanstandingnotfarfromherpulledoutagun.“Oh,crap!”shesaidtoherself.“He’sgoingtostartshooting.”Schoolemployeeshadbeentrainedonhowtohandleactiveshooters:Attacktheirabilitytoaim.Sowiththeshooter’sfingeronthetrigger(扳机),McQueenkickedathim.Grabbingathisarm,sheforcedthegunintotheair,butnotbeforehegotoffacoupleofrounds,strikingonestudentinthehandandchestandgrazing(抓住)another.Asstudentsranfortheexits,McQueencontrolledtheshooterwithhelpfromaschoolresourceofficer,whodisarmed(缴械)theshooterandtookhimintocustody(看管室)untilpolicearrivedminuteslater.Afterwards,McQueenwentoutsidestohugandsupporthershakenstudents.“It’sthemamabearinstinct,”shetoldthelocalpaper,thePantagraph.“Idon’thavekidsofmyown,butthesearestill‘my’kids.You’renotgoingtodothistomykids.”Andso,thankstoMcQueen,astorythathasplayedoutsadlyatfartoomanyschoolsacrossthecountryhadarelativelyhappyending.“Ifithadn’tbeenforher,thesituationwouldhavebeenalotdifferent,”PoliceChiefJeffBransonsaidatanewsconference.Themostseriouslywoundedboyrecoveredfromthehospitalsoonaftertheincident.AsoneimpressedstudenttoldCBSNews,“Ms.McQueenisChuckNorris,basically.”12.WhatisAngelaMcQueen’smainjobatMattoonA.Amathsteacher.B.Aschoolresourceofficer.C.Lunchmonitoringworker.D.Awaitressintheschoolcafeteria.13.WhycouldAngelaMcQueenhandletheshooterbravelyandsuccessfully?A.Becausesheisstrongandclever.B.Becausetheshooteristooyoung.C.Becauseshehadreceivedtrainingbefore.D.Becauseshehadexperiencedthesimilarevent.14WhatcanweinferaccordingtoPoliceChiefJeffBranson’swords?A.Thestudentswouldbetrainedtoprotectthemselves.B.LikeAngela,otherteacherswouldprotectthestudents.C.Thepolicewouldstrengthentheirdutytoprotectthestudents.D.WithoutAngela’saction,manystudentswouldhavebeenkilled.15.WhichoneisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.Thestudentswasscaredtoescape.B.ChuckNorrismustbeabraveperson.C.Onlyonestudentwashurtbytheshooter.D.McQueen’sactionleftthestudentsadeepimpression.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了安吉拉·麦昆，伊利诺伊州马顿市马顿高中的一名长期数学教师，她在执行午餐监督任务时，从一个14岁大一新生枪手手中救出了一群学生。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AsalongtimemathsteacheratMattoonHighSchoolinMattoon,Illinois,shekeepsaneyeonthehundredsofstudentsinherchargebywalkingaroundtheschoolcafeteria.”（作为伊利诺伊州马顿市马顿高中的一名长期数学教师，她在学校食堂里走来走去，密切关注着她所管理的数百名学生。）可知，安吉拉·麦昆在马顿高中的主要工作是一名数学老师。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Schoolemployeeshadbeentrainedonhowtohandleactiveshooters:Attacktheirabilitytoaim.”（学校的工作人员接受了如何对付枪手的训练：攻击他们的瞄准能力。）可知，安吉拉·麦奎因能勇敢而成功地对付枪手是因为她之前受过训练。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Andso,thankstoMcQueen,astorythathasplayedoutsadlyatfartoomanyschoolsacrossthecountryhadarelativelyhappyending.“Ifithadn’tbeenforher,thesituationwouldhavebeenalotdifferent,”PoliceChiefJeffBransonsaidatanewsconference.”（所以，多亏了麦昆，一个在全国太多学校上演的悲惨故事有了一个相对幸福的结局。警察局长杰夫·布兰森在新闻发布会上说：“如果没有她，情况会大不相同。”）由警察局长杰夫·布兰森的话，可知如果没有安吉拉的行动，许多学生将会被杀害。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Grabbingathisarm,sheforcedthegunintotheair,butnotbeforehegotoffacoupleofrounds,strikingonestudentinthehandandchestandgrazing(抓住)another.

”（她抓住他的胳膊，将枪举向空中，但在此之前，他发了几发子弹，击中了一名学生的手和胸部，并擦过了另一名学生。）可知，由两名学生受伤了，因此选项C“只有一名学生被枪手打伤。”是错误的。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtobeenergeticallthetimeManypeopleoftenlackenergyandfeeltired.Ifyouareoneofthem,takethefollowingsuggestionstobeeanenergeticpersonandmakeuseofyourfullpotential.Manageyourstress.Ifyouareupsetbyemotionsthatresultfromstress,youwilllikelyfindthatyouhaverunoutofenergy.____16____Tocontrolyourstress,considertalkingthingsoutwithaclosefriendorperhapsconsultingapsychiatrist.Takeanapwhenitispossible.Althoughyoumightbebusyeveryday,thereisalwayssometimetogetafewminutesofshuteye.____17____Don’tsleeptoolong,oryoumightexperiencedifficultyinfallingasleepnormallythatnight,whichwillthrowoffyourwholesleepschedule.____18____Foodsthathavetoomuchsugarcanleadtoglucosefluctuations(血糖波动)whichthencauseenergylevelstodecrease.Manypeoplesufferfromlowenergyduetoalackofprotein.Forfastandeffectiveenergychange,youcaneatafewhandfulsofnuts.Scheduleyourtimeinapractical,realisticmanner.Beingtoobusycandecreaseyourproductivityanddoharmtoyourmentalhealth.Sotrytogetonedayofrelaxationaweek.____19____Exerciseout.____20____Exercisingoutensuressoundsleepatnight,andithelpsoxygentocirculate,providingthecellswithhigheramountsofenergytoburn.Italsoleavesyoufeelingrefreshedandfullofenergy.A.Eatless.B.Singaloneorgetupanddance.C.Considerwhatyoueatanddrink.D.Napsshouldbeamaximumof30minutes.E.Inotherwords,emotionscausedbystresseatupyourenergy.F.Thisallowsyourbodytogetenoughrestandgainenergyfornextweek.G.Onehighlyeffectivewaytobeeenergeticisdoingexerciseregularly.【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.F20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些如何一直保持精力充沛的建议。【16题详解】由上一句“如果你被压力造成的情绪困扰，你很可能会发现你已经没有精力了。”可知，人被压力引起的情绪所困扰，就会没有精力，说明压力造成的情绪会消耗精力，承接上文，E选项“换句话说，由压力引起的情绪会消耗你的精力。”切题。故选E项。【17题详解】由本段第一句“有可能的话小睡一会儿”和下一句“不要睡太久，否则你可能会在那晚很难正常入睡，这会打乱你的整个睡眠计划。”可知，有可能的话要去小睡，小睡是必要的，但睡太久会让人晚上睡不着觉，这说明小睡的时间不宜过长，承接上下文，D选项“小睡最多30分钟。”切题。故选D项。【18题详解】此处位于段首，为段落主题句，根据下文内容，特别是由下两句“含糖量过多的食物会导致血糖波动，进而导致能量水平下降。许多人因缺乏蛋白质而精力不足。”可知，本段主要讲的是我们需要考虑吃什么喝什么，来让自己一直保持精力充沛，C选项“把你的吃喝都考虑进去”切题。故选C项。【19题详解】由上两句“太忙会降低你的工作效率，损害你的心理健康。所以试着每周放松一天。”可知，太忙会降低工作效率和损害心理健康，这会让人没有精力，所以作者建议每周放松一天，因为这可以让身体休息，积蓄能量，让人保持精力充沛，此处解释原因，F选项“这可以让你的身体得到足够的休息，为下周增加能量。”切题。故选F项。【20题详解】由本段第一句“锻炼身体。”和下两句“锻炼可以保证晚上的睡眠质量，有助于氧气循环，为细胞提供更高的能量燃烧。它也会让你感到精神焕发，充满活力。”可知，作者对于保持精力充沛的最后一个建议是锻炼身体，因为锻炼有助于睡眠，可以让人精力充沛，说明锻炼是让人精力充沛的一个有效的方法，承接上下文，G选项“一个非常有效的方法来变得精力充沛就是经常锻炼身体。”切题。故选G项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iranintoastrangerashepassedby.“Ohexcusemeplease”wasmy____21____.Hesaid:“Pleaseexcusemetoo;Iwasn’twatchingforyou.”Wewerevery____22____thisstrangerandI.Wewentonourwayandwesaidgoodbye.Butathomea____23____storyistold.Laterthatday,whenIwascookingtheeveningmeal,mydaughterstoodbesidemevery____24____.WhenI____25____,Inearlyknockedherdown.“Moveoutofthe____26____,”Isaidwithafrown.Shewalkedaway,herlittleheartbroken.Ididn’t____27____howharshly(严厉地)I’dspoken.Whilelayawakeinbedthatevening,myhusbandsaidtome,“While____28____astranger,youarepolite,butwiththegirlyoulove,youare____29____.Golookonthekitchenfloorandyou’llfindsomeflowersbythedoor.Thosearetheflowersshebroughtfor_____30_____.Shepickedthemherself:pink,yellowandblue.Shestoodquietlynotto_____31_____thesurprise,andyou_____32_____sawthetearsinhereyes.”_____33_____,mytearsbegantofall.Iquietlywentandkneltdownbyherbed.“Wakeup,littlegirl,”Isaid.“Aretheseflowersyoupickedforme?”Shesmiled:“Ifoundthemoutbythetree.Ipickedthem_____34_____they’reprettylikeyou.Iknewyou’dlikethem,especiallytheblue.”Isaid:“Daughter,I’msorryforthewayI_____35_____today.I_____36_____haveyelledatyouthatway.”Shesaid:“OhMom,that’sokay.Iloveyouanyway.”Isaid:“Daughter,Iloveyoutoo.AndIdoliketheflowers,especiallytheblue.”Ihadgottheworld_____37_____again.I’d_____38_____tobepolitetopeopleinthestreet—good_____39_____makesocietywork.Butastrangerissomeonewemeetonceandthenneverseeagain—and_____40_____isforlife.21.A.answer B.words C.response D.speech22.A.careful B.polite C.serious D.unhappy23.A.interesting B.meaningful C.similar D.different24.A.still B.noisy C.upset D.excited25.A.called B.turned C.returned D.removed26.A.house B.space C.way D.area27.A.realize B.care C.prove D.understand28.A.referringto B.listeningto C.dealingwith D.pickingup29.A.anxious B.patient C.disappointed D.unkind30.A.us B.you C.thefamily D.herfriends31.A.ruin B.expect C.announce D.handle32.A.seldom B.simply C.even D.never33.A.Innotime B.Atonetime C.Foratime D.Attimes34.A.while B.so C.unless D.because35.A.considered B.acted C.developed D.cooked36.A.shouldn’t B.couldn’t C.wouldn’t D.mustn’t37.A.clear B.right C.beautiful D.meaningful38.A.begin B.learn C.continue D.change39.A.manners B.habits C.lifestyles D.reactions40A.lover B.panion C.family D.friend【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.D33.A34.D35.B36.A37.B38.C39.A40.C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者撞在陌生人身上，会礼貌道歉，但在家中，作者差点撞倒女儿，却斥责女儿不要挡路，由此引发的思考——要善待家人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“哦，对不起”是我的回答。A.answer答案；B.words话语；C.response回答；D.speech演讲。由上文的“Iranintoastrangerashepassedby”可知，作者撞在陌生人身上，“对不起”是作者歉意地回答。故选C项。22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和这个陌生人都彬彬有礼。A.careful认真的；B.polite礼貌的；C.serious严重的；D.unhappy不开心的。由上文语境可知，作者撞在陌生人身上，说对不起，陌生人也说对不起，说明二人都很有礼貌。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在家里却有不同的故事。A.interesting有趣的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.similar相似的；D.different不同的。由下文语境可知，作者差点撞倒女儿，却大声斥责她，说明相同的情况，作者对带家人是不一样的态度，此处指在家里有不同的故事。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚些时候，当我做晚饭的时候，我女儿静静地站在我旁边。A.still静止的、不动的；B.noisy吵闹的；C.upset沮丧的；D.excited兴奋的。由下文语境可知，作者差点撞倒女儿，说明女儿静止地站在作者旁边，作者没注意到女儿，才差点撞倒女儿。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我转过身来，差点把她撞倒。A.called叫；B.turned转身；C.returned回去；D.removed移开。由上文的“mydaughterstoodbesideme”和下文的“Inearlyknockedherdown”可知，作者转身，差点撞倒女儿。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“让开，别挡路”，我皱着眉头说。A.house房子；B.space空间；C.way路；D.area地区。由下文的“Shewalkedaway”可知，作者让女儿不要挡路。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到我说话有多严厉。A.realize意识到；B.care关心；C.prove证明；D.understand理解。由下文语境可知，作者丈夫认为作者和陌生人打交道时，很有礼貌，但对女儿，作者是不友善的，说明作者并没有意识到自己说话有多严厉。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天晚上，我丈夫醒着躺在床上，对我说：“和陌生人打交道时，你很有礼貌，但对你爱的女孩，你是不友善的”。A.referringto提到；B.listeningto听；C.dealingwith与……打交道；D.pickingup拾起。由上文语境可知，作者和陌生人打交道时——撞在陌生人身上，会说对不起，这很有礼貌。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我丈夫醒着躺在床上，对我说：“和陌生人打交道时，你很有礼貌，但对你爱的女孩，你是不友善的。A.anxious焦虑的；B.patient耐心的；C.disappointed失望的；D.unkind不友善的。由上文语境可知，作者差点撞倒女儿，却大声斥责她不要挡路，这是不友善的态度。故选D项。【30题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：那些是她给你带来的花。A.us我；B.you你；C.thefamily家人；D.herfriends她的朋友。由下文的“Ipickedthem____14____they’reprettylikeyou”可知，女儿给作者带的花。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她站在那里不动，不想破坏这个惊喜，你从来没有注意到她眼里的泪水。A.ruin破坏；B.expect期盼；C.announce宣布；D.handle处理。由本处语境可知，女儿静静地站着，是为了不破坏（给妈妈的）这个惊喜。故选A项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.seldom很少；B.simply仅仅；C.even甚至；D.never从未。由全文语境可知，作者从未注意到女儿眼里的泪水，所以知道真相后，作者心疼地哭了。故选D项。【33题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：很快，我的眼泪开始掉下来。A.Innotime立刻；B.Atonetime一度；C.Foratime暂时；D.Attimes有时。由上文语境可知，知道了女儿为什么站在那里不动的真相后，作者立刻心疼地哭了。故选A项。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我选它们是因为它们很像你。A.while当……时候；B.so所以；C.unless除非；D.because因为。由本处语境可知，女儿摘这些花，是因为她认为这些花很像作者。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女儿，我为我今天的行为感到抱歉。A.considered考虑；B.acted行为；C.developed发展；D.cooked烹饪。由本处语境可知，作者为自己今天对女儿不友善的行为感到抱歉。故选B项。【36题详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我不该那样对你大喊大叫。A.shouldn’t不应该；B.couldn’t不能；C.wouldn’t不会；D.mustn’t禁止。shouldn’thavedone表“本不应该做某事却做了”，此处指作者认为自己本不应该对女儿大喊大叫，但实际上作者却这样做了。故选A项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的世界又回归正常了。A.clear清晰的；B.right正确的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.meaningful有意义的。由上文语境可知，作者意识到了自己的错误，向女儿道歉，说明作者重新正确认识了世界。故选B项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会继续对街上的人彬彬有礼——礼貌使社会运转。A.begin开始；B.learn学习；C.continue继续；D.change改变。由下文语境可知，作者认为礼貌使社会运转，说明作者会继续对街上的人彬彬有礼。故选C项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会继续对街上的人彬彬有礼——礼貌使社会运转。A.manners礼貌；B.habits习惯；C.lifestyles生活方式；D.reactions反应。由上文的"I’d____18____tobepolitetopeopleinthestreet"可知，作者会继续对街上的人彬彬有礼，说明作者认为礼貌使社会运转。故选A项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但陌生人是我们见过一次面却再也见不到的人——家人是一辈子的。A.lover爱人；B.panion同伴；C.family家人；D.friend朋友。由全文语境可知，礼貌使社会运转，对待陌生人都能礼貌，对待一辈子的家人，更要礼貌。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MorethantwentyAmericanstatesbansmokinginpublic.____41____studyhasprovedthatsmokefreelawscanreduceamajoreffectoftobacco—heartdisease.Thestudy____42____(take)placeinPueblo,Coloradoseveralyearsago.Insomestates,therewere396heartattackHowever,18months____44____theban,thenumberwas237.Smokinginenclosed(封闭的)placesisvery____45____(harm)tononsmoke.Adultsmaythinktheyare____46____(actual)protectingtheirchildrenfromsecondhandsmokewhentheysmokeoutsidetheirhomes,orwhenthechildrenarenotthere.However,researchers____47____(warn)ofwhattheycall“thirdhandsmoke”sofar.Whenyousmoketheysay,dangerousmatterfromtobaccosmokegetsinto____48____(you)hairandclothing.Then,whenyoutouchababy,thebabyesintocontactwiththatpoisonousmatter.Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeople,____49____agreedthatsmokewasbadforchildren’shealth,weremorelikelytohaverestrictionon_____50_____(smoke)intheirhomesthanothers.【答案】41.A42.took43.patients44.after45.harmful46.actually47.havewarned48.your49.who50.smoking【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者告诉读者吸烟有害健康。我们需采取措施来减少吸烟的人，保护非吸烟者。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：一项研究证明，无烟法律可以减少烟草对心脏病的主要影响。分析题意，study译为“研究”时，为可数名词。故需在其前加冠词a/an。study的第一个音为辅音因素。综合分析，故填a。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：这项研究几年前在科罗拉多州的普韦布洛进行。分析题意，动词所处的简单句中有表示过去时的时间状语“severalyearsago”。故提示词应用动词的过去时。综合分析，故填took。43题详解】考查名词的数。句意：在一些州，在禁令颁布前一年，医院里有396名心脏病患者。分析题意，patient做名词时译为“病人”，为可数名词。此处被396修饰，要表示复数。综合分析，故填patients。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，在禁令实施18个月后，这一数字为237。分析题意，此处应表示在禁令后的18个月，数字变少了。综合分析，故填after。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：在封闭场所吸烟对不吸烟的人是非常有害的。分析题意，beharmfulto译为“对…有害”，此处为固定搭配。故填harmful。【46题详解】考查副词。句意：当成年人在室外或孩子不在家中时，他们可能会认为他们实际上是在保护孩子免受二手烟的伤害。分析题意，此处应用副词修饰动词。故填actually。【47题详解】考查时态。句意：然而，研究人员已经对他们所称的“三手烟”提出了警告。分析题意，简单句中含有现在完成时的时间状语“sofar”，故此处的动词时态用现在完成时。且主语和warn之间表示主动关系。综合分析，故填havewarned。【48题详解】考查代词。句意：他们说，当你吸烟时，烟草烟雾中的有害物质会进入你的头发和衣服。分析题意，此处需将提示词词性改为形容词性物主代词以修饰后面的名词hair。故填your。【49题详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究人员还发现，同意吸烟对儿童健康有害的人更有可能在家里限制吸烟。分析题意，因为划线部分做主语，所以此处需填引导词。分析成分