风险管理和风险评估XX12170

风险管理和风险评估XX121702024/3/29风险管理和风险评估XX12170WhycarryoutRiskAssessment?WhoshouldcarryoutRiskAssessments?WhentocarryoutRiskAssessments?HowtocarryoutRiskAssessments?中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170目录CONTENTS三一RISKASSESSMENTSAFETYAWARENESS中海油运CSTANKER四OILMAJORREQUIREMENT二DEFINATION风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSSAFETYHAZARDHAZARDIDENTIFICATIONRISKRISKASSESSEMNTRISKMANAGEMENT中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSSAFETisessentiallytheongoingmanagementofworkplacehazardsandrisks.Safetyis…PersonnelprotectiveequipmentPropertoolsandequipmentCompetentpersonnelStandardizedprocedures/methodsMechanicalreliability中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSSafetyis…DefinedresponsibilitiesAplannedapproachforhazardousworkEffectiveleadershipanddirectionSystematichazardidentificationandcontrolFrequentcommunication中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSTraditionalBeliefs!ItwillneverhappentomeIthasneverhappenedhereSafetyisjustextraworkSafetyisthesafetyrep’sresponsibilitySafetyisonlyalotofpaperworkSafetyjustisn’tworththeextraThesebeliefsareReactiveinnature!中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSModernValues!SafetyisasharedresponsibilityIncidentsare‘CAUSED’,theydon’tjusthappenExcellentsafetyperformancerequireslongtermcommitment,planningandinvolvementAsafetyworkenvironmentisaproductiveworkenvironmentNojobissoimportantthatwecan’ttakethetimetodoitinthesafeandefficientwayWorkingsafelyrequiresapositiveattitudeThesebeliefsareProactiveinnature!中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSWorkingsafelyisanattitude!Supportanddirectionthatresultsinthedevelopmentofsafeworkinghabitsisthefoundationofsafeattitudes.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSAReactiveversusaProactiveThereareonlytwowaystomanagesafety:REACTIVESAFETYPROGRAMWesimplywaitforincidentstooccurtodiscoverneededchangesandimprovementsOrPROACTIVESAFETYMANNAGEMENTSYSTEMWemanageworkplacehazardsandrisksonanongoingbasis,continuallylookingforbetterways中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSIt’syourturntodiscussthefollowing:Whatdowecurrentlydo,onaregularbasis,thatyouconsider‘PROACTIVE’relatingtosafety?Whatdowecurrentlydo,onaregularbasisthatyouconsider“REACTIVE”relatingtosafety?中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSACulturewithinaCultureSafetyManagementCultureHazard/ControlCulture中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYAWARENESSHAZARDHAZARDIDENTIFICATIONRISKRISKASSESSEMNTRISKMANAGEMENT中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170目录CONTENTS三二RISKASSESSMENTSAFETYAWARENESS中海油运CSTANKER四OILMAJORREQUIREMENT一DEFINATION风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATIONOHSAS18001-2007HAZARDSource,situation,oractwithapotentialforharmintermsofhumaninjuryorillhealth,oracombinationthereof.可能造成人员受伤或疾病等伤害的根源、状态或行为，或他们的组合。HazardidentificationProcessofrecognizingthatahazardexitsanddefiningitscharacteristics认识存在的危险并确定其特征的过程。中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATIONOHSAS18001-2007RISKCombinationofthelikelihoodofanoccurrenceofahazardouseventorexposure(s)andtheseverityofinjuryorillhealththatcanbecausedbytheeventorexposure(s)危险事件发生或暴露的可能性与由该事件或曝露导致的伤害或疾病的严重程度的组合RISKASSESSMENTProcessofevaluatingtherisk(s)arisingfromahazard(s),takingintoaccounttheadequacyofanyexistingcontrols,anddecidingwhetherornottherisk(s)isacceptable.评估来自危险的风险、考虑现有控制的适当性和决定该风险是否可接受的过程。中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATIONISMCODE2015HAZARD8.3TheSMSshouldprovideformeasuresensuringthattheCompany'sorganizationcanrespondatanytimetohazards,accidentsandemergencysituationsinvolvingitsships.RISK1.2.2.2assessallidentifiedriskstoitsships,personnelandtheenvironmentandestablishsafeguardsagainst中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATION中海油运CSTANKERAnythingthatcausesharmtopeople.AnythingthatcandamagetheenvironmentAnythingwiththepotentialtodamagepropertyorequipment风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATIONRiskisthereforeameasureofthelikelihoodofaspecificundesiredeventanditsunwantedconsequencesorloss.中海油运CSTANKERRISKTOHEALTHANDSAFETYRISKTOENVIRONMENTRISKTOPROPERTYCOST风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDS中海油运CSTANKER20

Incidents

操作工滑了一下，摔倒在地，头撞到泵上，死亡操作工滑了一下，摔倒在地，腿摔断了操作工滑了一下，扭伤了脚操作工滑了一下，但没摔倒泵旁边泄漏的润滑油未及时清理风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDS中海油运CSTANKER不安全因素导因权重（%）个人防护装备12人员的位置30人员的反应14工具与设备28程序与秩序12不安全行为类导因总计96%不安全条件类导因总计4%总计100%基于杜邦公司10年的对于可记录事件的统计，表明导致事故的原因具有以下的分布规律风险管理和风险评估XX12170SAFETYBELIEFAllincidentscanbeprevented.Everyincidenthasitscauseswhichcanbecontrolled.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDIDENTIFICATION危险源分类:第一类危险源生产过程中存在的，可能发生意外释放的能量（能源或能量载体）或危险物质称作第一类危险源第二类危险源导致能量或危险物质约束或限制措施破坏或失效的各种因素称作第二类危险源。物的故障人的失误环境因素中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDIDENTIFICATION事故发生往往是两类危险源共同作用的结果:第一类危险源是伤亡事故发生的能量主体，决定事故后果的严重程度。第二类危险源是第一类危险源造成事故的必要条件，决定事故发生的可能性。两类危险源相互关联、相互依存。第一类危险源的存在是第二类危险源出现的前提；第二类危险源的出现时第一类危险源导致事故的必要条件。危险源识别的首要任务是辨识第一类危险源，在此基础上再辨识第二类危险源。中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDIDENTIFICATION事故发生往往是两类危险源共同作用的结果:第一类危险源是伤亡事故发生的能量主体，决定事故后果的严重程度。第二类危险源是第一类危险源造成事故的必要条件，决定事故发生的可能性。两类危险源相互关联、相互依存。第一类危险源的存在是第二类危险源出现的前提；第二类危险源的出现时第一类危险源导致事故的必要条件。危险源识别的首要任务是辨识第一类危险源，在此基础上再辨识第二类危险源。中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDIDENTIFICATION隐患排查:人的隐患心理与生理素质-安全能力素质-文化素质设备隐患设计-制造-使用管理隐患制度、效能的发挥环境隐患自然环境-社会环境中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170ENERGYSOURCES中海油运CSTANKERGravityMotionMechanicalElectricalPressureTemperatureChemicalBiologicalRadiationSound风险管理和风险评估XX12170GRAVITY中海油运CSTANKERTheforcecausedbytheattractionofallothermassestothemassoftheearth.Examples:fallingobject,collapsingroof,andabodytrippingorfalling

风险管理和风险评估XX12170GRAVITY中海油运CSTANKER29风险管理和风险评估XX12170MOTION中海油运CSTANKER3030Theenergyofmotionresultsfromanyphysicalmovementorchangeinpositionorplace.Examples:vehicle,vesselorequipmentmovement;flowingwater;wind;andbodypositioning:lifting,straining,orbending风险管理和风险评估XX12170MOTION中海油运CSTANKER313131风险管理和风险评估XX12170MECHANICALENERGY中海油运CSTANKER323232Theenergyofthecomponentsofamechanicalsystem,i.e.rotation,vibration,motion,etc.withinotherwisestationarypieceofequipment/machinery.

Examples:rotatingequipment,compressedsprings,drivebelts,conveyors,andmotors风险管理和风险评估XX12170MECHANICALENERGY中海油运CSTANKER3333风险管理和风险评估XX12170ELECTRICAL中海油运CSTANKER343434Thepresenceandflowofanelectriccharge.Examples:powerlines,transformers,staticcharges,lightning,energizedequipment,wiring,andbatteries风险管理和风险评估XX12170ELECTRICAL中海油运CSTANKER35353535风险管理和风险评估XX12170PRESSURE中海油运CSTANKEREnergyappliedbyaliquidorgaswhichhasbeencompressedorisunderavacuum.Examples:pressurepiping,compressedcylinders,controllines,vessels,tanks,hoses,andpneumaticandhydraulicequipment风险管理和风险评估XX12170PRESSURE中海油运CSTANKER37风险管理和风险评估XX12170ELECTRICAL中海油运CSTANKEREnergyappliedbyaliquidorgaswhichhasbeencompressedorisunderavacuum.Examples:pressurepiping,compressedcylinders,controllines,vessels,tanks,hoses,andpneumaticandhydraulicequipment风险管理和风险评估XX12170IDENTIFYENERGYSOURCES中海油运CSTANKER39GravityMotionMechanicalElectricalPressure风险管理和风险评估XX12170TEMPRETURE中海油运CSTANKER40Themeasurementofdifferencesinthethermalenergyofobjectsortheenvironment,whichthehumanbodysensesaseitherheatorcold.Examples:openflame;ignitionsources;hotorcoldsurfaces,liquidsorgases;steam;friction;andgeneralenvironmentalandweatherconditions风险管理和风险评估XX12170TEMPRETURE中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170CHEMICALENERGY中海油运CSTANKER4242Theenergypresentinchemicalsthatinherently,orthroughreaction,hasthepotentialtocreateaphysicalorhealthhazardstopeople,environmentorequipment.Examples:flammablevapors,reactivehazards,carcinogensorothertoxiccompounds,corrosives,pyrophorics,combustibles,oxygen-deficientatmospheres,weldingfumes,anddusts风险管理和风险评估XX12170CHEMICALENERGY中海油运CSTANKER434343风险管理和风险评估XX12170BIOLOGICALENERGY中海油运CSTANKER444444Livingorganismsthatcanpresentahazard.Examples:animals,bacteria,viruses,insects,blood-bornepathogens,improperlyhandledfood,andcontaminatedwater

风险管理和风险评估XX12170BIOLOGICALENERGY中海油运CSTANKER45454545风险管理和风险评估XX12170REDIATION中海油运CSTANKER46Theenergyemittedfromradioactiveelementsorsourcesandnaturallyoccurringradioactivematerials(NORM).Examples:lightingissues,weldingarcs,solarrays,microwaves,lasers,X-Rays,andNORMscale风险管理和风险评估XX12170REDIATION中海油运CSTANKER47IonizingRadiationNon-IonizingRadiation风险管理和风险评估XX12170SOUNDENERGY中海油运CSTANKER4848Soundisproducedwhenaforcecausesanobjectorsubstancetovibrate––theenergyistransferredthroughthesubstanceinwaves.Examples:equipmentnoise,impactnoise,vibration,high-pressurerelease,andtheimpactofnoisetocommunication风险管理和风险评估XX12170SOUNDENERGY中海油运CSTANKER4949风险管理和风险评估XX12170SOUNDENERGY中海油运CSTANKER50Chemical(confinedspace,weldingfumes)TemperatureRadiationBiologicalSound(communication,arcwelding)风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDIDENTIFICANTIONTOOL中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDEXAMPLE中海油运CSTANKER5252InjuriestoFingers&HandsHazards:Bewareof:•Mechanicalhazards•ChemicalHazards•Micro-organisms•Coldhazards•Heatandfire•Radioactivecontamination•Selectthecorrectandappropriateprotectiveglovesforthejob.•Inspectglovesbeforeusefordamage.•Ensurecorrectfitwithnogaps.•Bewareofsharpedges.•Bewareofmovingparts.•Bewareofheavyweightsandpossiblecrushinjuries.•Bewareoffrayedstrandsinwireropes.•Selectproperhandtoolsforthejob.•Inspecttoolsbeforeuse.•Ensureguardsarefittedonmachinessuchaslathes.•Isolatemachinerybeforecarryingoutmaintenance(lock-out/tag-outprocedures)•Avoidwearingringsorotherjewellery.Thesecanaccidentallygetcaught.•Beawareofthehazardsthatmaycausedermatitisandusebarriercreams.风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDEXAMPLE中海油运CSTANKER5353Falls&FallingObjectsHazards:Bewareof:•Personsworkingoverhead.•Craneoperations•Itemsfallingthroughgratings•Toolsfallingoutofpockets•Looseitemsleftatheight•Unprotectededges•Openmanholecovers•Openingingratings•Trippinghazards(suchasropes)•Slippinghazards(suchasgreaseoroilondeck)•Creatingahazardforothercrewmembers•Planandriskassessthetask.•WeartheappropriatePPE(e.g.hardhats,bootsetc)•Whenworkingonaladder,havesomeonefoot/holdtheladderandlashthetop.•Whereappropriate,rigtemporaryhandrailsorotherbarriers.•Removealllooseitemsfromplaceofworkandkeepthesitecleanandtidy.•Protectyourselffromfalling.•Usesafetyharnesses.•Protectpeoplebelow.•Considertheuseofsafetynets.风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDEXAMPLE中海油运CSTANKER5454Working

AloftorOversideHazards:Bewareof:•Hazardsfrompeopleworkingoverhead•Creatinghazardsforpeoplebelow•Changesinseaorweatherconditions•Dangersfromnearbymachineryorequipment•Sharpedgesandhotpipework•Becomingtangledinrigging•Trappingfingersandhands•Weightrestrictionsofstaging•Ropescontaminatedwithoilorpaint•Corrosionofwires•Overboarddischarges•Turningpropellers•Wavesorwakefromothervessels.Aworkpermitmustbeissuedandpostedatthesiteofwork.•Planandriskassessthetask•Aresufficientpersonsavailablefortheworktobecarriedoutsafely?•Isallequipmentingoodcondition?•AreallpersonswearingappropriatePPEincludingsafetyharnesses?•Arethereadequatesecuringpointsandhavethesebeenassessedassafe?•Doesanyequipmentrequireisolating(e.g.radarscanners,aerials,cranesetc)?•Ifequipmentrequiresisolating,haveappropriatenoticesbeenpostedtopreventstarting?风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDEXAMPLE中海油运CSTANKER5555EntryIntoEnclosedSpacesHazards:Bewareof:•Lackofventilation•Steelturningtorustconsumesoxygen•Cargoescangiveofftoxicfumes(e.g.coaloroil)•PresenceofCarbonMonoxidefromexhaustfumesKnowwhatanenclosedspaceis.Theyshouldbemarkedbutifindoubt,donotenterandask.NEVERattempttorescuesomeonefromanenclosedspacewithoutusingbreathingapparatus!Entryisforbiddenwithoutavalidworkpermit.•Enclosedspacestobeidentified•Allrisksassessedproperly•Atmosphereteststobecarriedout•Safeaccesstospacewithadequatelighting•Continuousventilationbeforeandduringentry•Emergencyequipment(includingBA)madeavailableoutsideentrance•Actionplanagreed•Goodcommunicationsestablishedandagreed•Atleastonememberoftheentryteamtobeinpossessionofapersonaloxygenormultifunctionmeter.•Checklistcompleted风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDEXAMPLE中海油运CSTANKER5656HotworkHazards:Bewareof:•Presenceofflammablevapours•Locationoffueltanksandotheradjacentspacesthatmaycontainflammableliquidsorgases•Sludgeatthebottomoftanksmaygiveoffflammablegases•Paintcoatingscatchingfire•Sparksfromweldingorcuttinggear•Possibilityofgasorliquidsinpipelinesincludingtankheatingcoils•Poororincorrectlyearthedelectricarcweldingequipment•Drycargoesthatgiveoffflammablevapours(e.g.coal)•Asafetymeetingistobeheld.•Ariskassessmentistobemade.•Allpersonnelinvolvedinpreparationandtheoperationtobefullybriefed.•Riskareaidentified(e.g.anyareaoutsideoftheengineroomontankers)•Typeofhotworkidentified.•Atmospherecheckedandagreedsafe.•Adjacentspacescleanandfreeofgas.•Pipelinesinspacefreeofflammablegas.•Hastheofficeagreedtohotwork?(requiredincertaincircumstances)•Checklistcompleted.•Workpermitissuedanddisplayed.风险管理和风险评估XX12170HAZARDEXAMPLE中海油运CSTANKER5757MooringOperationsHazards:Bewareof:•Thepossibilityofweightsuddenlycomingonropesorwires•Trappingfingersorhandsbetweenropeandwinchorropeandbollards.•Brokenstrandsofwirepenetratingskin•Flyingscaleanddebriswhendroppinganchor•Damaged,frayedorbadlysplicedropes•SlipperysurfacesAlwaysfollowtheinstructionsoftheofficerinchargeofthemooringparty•AlwaysuseappropriatePPE(e.g.safetyhelmets,safetyshoeandgloves,includinggoggleswhenanchoring)•Standclearofalllineswhenunderload.•Watchyourfeet–donotstepintoacoilorloop.•Alwaysensurethatthewinchoperatorcanseethepersonincharge.•Donoleavewinchesrunningunattended.•Ensureallequipmentisoperationalandwellmaintained.•Keepmooringareasclearfromobstructions,litterandfreefromoilorgrease.•Donotusesingletailstoppers.•Donotsecureropestowinchdrumends.风险管理和风险评估XX12170目录CONTENTS二三RISKASSESSMENTSAFETYAWARENESS中海油运CSTANKER四OILMAJORREQUIREMENT一DEFINATION风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTRiskassessmentmeanstheprocessofevaluatingthelikelihoodandconsequencesofanyharmarisingfromexposuretoanidentifiedhazard,anddeterminingtheappropriatemeasuresforriskcontrol.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170FOURLEVELPROCESSRiskassessmentlevel1:genericriskassessmentTheCompanyshouldassesstherisksassociatedwithallidentifiedhazardsinrespectofitsships,personnelandtheenvironment,andestablishappropriatesafeguards.TheresultsareusedtoensurethatappropriatesafeguardsandcontrolmeasuresarecontainedwithintheCompany’ssafetymanagementsystemintheformofpolicies,proceduresandworkinstructions.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTRiskassessmentlevel2:taskbasedVessel-specificgenericTBRAscanbeusedforallroutineandlow-risktaskscanbedeveloped.PeriodicallyreviewedFrequencydependsontheparticularcircumstancesonthevesselandthelevelofrisk.Specifichigh-riskjobsthatarenotroutine,suchasworkingaloftorenclosedspaceentry.Relatetothespecificpersonswhowillbeinvolvedintheworkandvalidonlyforthedurationofthatjob.Carriedoutbycompetentpersonswhounderstandtheworkbeingassessed.Seafarerswhowillbeinvolvedintheworkshouldalsobe.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170FOURLEVELPROCESSRiskassessmentlevel3:toolboxtalkInsupportofaTBRABeconductedpriortoanyworkbeingcarriedoutthatinvolvesmorethanonepersonandwherethereissignificantrisktopersonsorassets..Fundamentallyamethodofdeterminingthatallsafeguardsareinplacebeforeworkiscarriedout.Involvethosecarryingouttheworkandotherswhomaybeatrisk,i.e.seafarers,sub-contractorsandothersonboardshipwhomaybeaffectedbythework.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170FOURLEVELPROCESSTheToolboxTalksdonotneedtoberecordedinwriting.Itdoesnothavetobeinanoffice;acontrolroom,messroomorworkshopareawillsuffice.Tryandlimitthedurationto10-15minutes–trynottobecomeside-trackedonotherissues.Oncefinished,confirmthatallfullyunderstandtheirroleinthetaskandtheprecautionsinplace(‘closed-loopcommunication’).Thisshouldthenberecordedalongwithdetailsofanyrelevantriskassessmentreferredto.REMEMBER:Shouldanypersonfeelthattheworkpracticesorworksiteisunsafe–STOPTHEJOB!中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170FOURLEVELPROCESSThetoolboxtalkistocoversuchareasas:Steps,

hazardsandcontrolslistedintheriskassessmentand/ortaskriskassessmentThedefinitionofrolesandresponsibilitiesofthoseinvolvedintheactivityHowthetaskwillaffectotherpeople?Warningsignsinplace?Doanysystemsrequireisolating?(steam,electricity,water,airetc.)–LockOut/TagOut?AnyworkpermitsrequiredEmergencyactionsthatmayberequiredintheeventofanincidentToreinforcetheprincipleofstoppingworkshouldanypersonfeelthattheworkpracticesorworksiteareunsafe.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170FOURLEVELPROCESSRiskassessmentstage4:personalassessmentofriskThisisaninformalassessmentofday-to-dayriskscarried.Itisusedtomaintainawarenessofourenvironmentatalltimesandaidintheidentificationandcontrolofimmediatehazardsaswegoaboutourwork.Thisisabouttakingafewminutestostepback,lookatthejobtobedone,considerwhatcouldgowrongandhowitmayoccur,andwhatstepsyoucanpersonallytaketoavoidanyincidentoccurring.Astheworkisproceeding,youshouldalsomonitortheworksiteforanychangeinconditionsthatmightalterthehazardsandcontrolsinplace.Ifthereisanyconcern,stopthework,re-assessthecontrolsand,ifnecessary,re-planandre-assessthetask.A‘dynamicriskassessment’.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTWhentoconductariskassessmentEverytaskcarriedoutonboardthevesselshouldbesubjecttoriskassessment.Daytodayoperations;Criticaloperationsincludingunusual,neworinfrequenttasksandthemaintenanceofcriticalequipment.TheexistingRiskAssessmentistobere-usedforrepetitivetasks.Anytaskforwhichnovalidriskassessmentexists.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTWhentoconductariskassessmentOncethetaskcommences,monitortheworksiteforanychangesinconditionsthatmightalterthehazardsandcontrolsinplace.Circumstancescananddochange.Suchasheavyweatherormachineryfailure.Conductingariskassessmentoneachoccasionthatwillidentifyadditionalprecaution.Ifthereisanyconcern,stopworkauthorityshouldbeused.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTWhentoconductariskassessmentAriskassessmentdonotneedtobewritteneverytimeasimpletaskiscarriedout,buttheexistingriskassessmentmustbereferredtoaspartofatoolboxtalk.Oncethetaskcommences,itisimportanttomonitortheworksiteforanychangesinconditionsthatmightalterthehazardsandcontrolsinplace.Ifthereisanyconcern,stopworkauthorityshouldbeused.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATION中海油运CSTANKER9SAFETYMANAGEMENT2.1Thevesseloperator’sproceduresincludeadocumentedrisk-assessmentprocesstosystematicallyidentifypotentialhazardsandmanageoperationalrisksfleet-wide.船舶经营人的程序包括文件化的风险评估过程来系统地识别潜在的危害和管理整个船队的操作风险Underthisprogramme,shoremanagementensuresthatthereareproceduresrequiringariskassessmenttobeconductedonanyhazardsassociatedwithnon-routinerepairs(followingequipmentbreakdownorarisingfromthepotentialforbreakdown)orotherpotentiallyhazardousoperations.Thisshouldincludetheidentificationofriskstohealthandhygiene.在该计划下，岸基管理层确保有程序要求对非常规修理（因设备故障或因潜在导致故障的隐患）的任何危险或其他潜在危险操作进行风险评估，还应包括健康和卫生方面的风险识别2.3Theriskassessmentprocessalsoincludesprovisionforassessingnewornon-routinetasks.风险评估程序也包括对新的或非常规工作开展评估的规定风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATION中海油运CSTANKER4ARELIABILITYANDMAINTENANCESTANDARDS(CRITICALEQUIPMENT)3.1Maintenanceoncriticalequipmentshouldfollowdefinedproceduresthatincludeariskassessmentwhichrequiresapprovalsattheappropriatelevelsofmanagementbeforetheequipmentisshutdown.关键设备的维护保养应按规定程序进行，包括在停用关键设备前应提交风险评估报告并获得公司相应管理层批准Theriskassessmentincludes风险评估包括：personnel,sparesandtools人员，备件和工具；worstcasescenarios最坏的情形；recoveryandmitigationmeasures恢复和减轻措施；commissioningandtestingprocedures试运转和测试的程序；alternativeback-upequipment/systems替代的备用设备/系统；necessarymodificationinoperationalproceduresasaresult对操作程序进行必要的修正；additionalsafetyprocedures(emergency).其他的安全措施（应急）。3.2Iftheagreedshutdownperiodforcriticalequipmentorsystemsistobeexceeded,anyextensionoralternativeactionswillrequirereviewbyshoremanagement.如经批准的关键设备或系统的停用时间超过预期，任何延期或替代措施需由岸基管理层审核Afurtherriskassessmentisundertakenifcircumstances(suchasenvironmentalconditions,crewfatigueoroperationalparameters)change.如境况（如环境条件、人员疲劳、运行参数）发生改变，要进行进一步的风险评估。风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATION中海油运CSTANKER6AMOORINGOPERATIONS3.1Thereisarecordofroutineriskassessmenttoensurethatmooringarrangementsandequipmentareoperatedtoensurethesafetyofvesselpersonnel.有常规的风险评估记录，确保系泊布置和设备正确操作，保证人员安全。Equipmentlayoutminimisestheriskofinjury.Self-stowingdrums,whichareoperatedfromremotepositionsawayfromthearealikelytobeaffectedbyrope/wirefailure,mayhelptoreducetheriskofinjury.设备合理布置将减小伤害风险。在远离缆绳/钢丝绳损坏影响区的摇控位置操纵自动缆车，有助于减少伤害风险风险管理和风险评估XX12170DEFINATION中海油运CSTANKER7MANAGEMENTOFCHANGE1.2Thevesseloperatorhasadocumentedprocedureformanagementofchange.船舶经营人有的变更管理程序文件Evenminorchangescanaffectsafetyiftheyarenotproperlycarriedout.Changecanresultfrominstallationofnewequipmentorcomponents,useofadifferentmaterial,orsimplyanewinstrumentsetting(outsidenormaloperatinglimits)forequipment.Temporaryarrangements,suchashoseconnectionsbetweenprocess/utilitysystems,alsorequiresystematicreview.即使是很小的变更，如果没有进行适当处理，也会影响安全。安装新设备或新部件、使用不同材料、或仅仅是设备新的设定值(超过正常操作限值)等均能引起变更。临时布置，例如在过程/在用的系统中软管连接，也要进行系统的评审。2.1Thecompanyusestechniquessuchasriskassessmenttoevaluatetheimpactofproposedchanges.公司运用风险评估技术评价变更的影响Theprocedureincludesarequirementtoconductariskassessmentonallroutineandnon-routinetasks.程序应包括对所有常规和非常规工作进行风险评估的要求风险管理和风险评估XX12170类别与职责

中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170

中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTWhotoconducttheRiskAssessmentAseniorofficerinconsultationwiththeMasterandanyotherappropriatepersonneldeemedtobeabletosupplyapositiveinput.Thosecarryingouttheworkandotherswhomaybeatrisk,i.e.seafarers,sub-contractorsandothersonboardshipwhomaybeaffectedbythework.Yourself.中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTRiskAssessmentProcessInventoryofshipboardoperationsIdentifythehazardsDecidewhomightbeharmedandhowIdentifyexistingcontrolsDetermineriskanddecideifriskistolerableRecordingsyourfindingsandimplementcontrolsReviewyourriskassessmentandupdateifnecessary中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTQuantityRiskAnalysis,QRAR=LCR----riskL----likelihoodC----consequence中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENT中海油运CSTANKER可能性分值任务高度可能5执行此项任务发生事故几乎是不可避免的很可能4执行此项任务是否会发生事故不确定，但有一项不确定因素可能会导致事故的发生。可能3执行此项任务是否会发生事故不确定，但多项不确定因素的组合可能会导致事故的发生可能性低2发生事故需要几项罕见因素的组合出现可能性微小1执行此项任务发生事故的可能性是可以忽略的风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENT中海油运CSTANKER严重程度分值人员健康船舶/财产环境非常严重5多人死亡全损/>100万元重大污染启动国家应急反应计划严重41人死亡或多人受重伤严重受损/10万元-100万元较大污染/启动当地或港口应急反应计划比较严重3多人受伤或1人受重伤未严重受损/1000元-10万元中度污染启动船舶应急反应计划，并需多方协助不严重21人受伤或多人受轻伤设备局部受损/100元-1000元小污染启动船舶应急反应计划轻微1轻微受伤或疾病轻微受损/<100元轻微污染风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENT中海油运CSTANKER等级R值危险程度5≥20不可容忍的风险413～19重大的风险37～12中度风险23～6可容忍的风险11～2小风险风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENT中海油运CSTANKER轻微1不严重2比较严重3严重4非常严重5可能性微小1小风险小风险可容忍的风险可容忍的风险可容忍的风险可能性低2小风险可容忍的风险可容忍的风险中度风险中度风险可能3可容忍的风险可容忍的风险中度风险中度风险重大的风险很可能4可容忍的风险中度风险中度风险重大的风险不可容忍的风险高度可能5可容忍的风险中度风险重大的风险不可容忍的风险不可容忍的风险风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENT中海油运CSTANKER等级行动和时间表1小风险无须采取任何行动，也无须保留记录。2可容忍的风险无须任何额外的控制措施，但可考虑增加具有成本效益的解决方法，或作一些改善，而无需付出额外的成本。需保持监控，确保在控制之中。3中度风险应采取行动降低风险，但所用成本应小心衡量，不可太高，同时应在限定时间内实施降低风险的措施。若风险属中度，但带来的后果非常严重，在制订风险控制措施后必须再作评估，以确切找出造成的危险有多大，以作为改进控制措施的基础。4重大的风险降低风险之前，不得开始工作，同时也可能需要为降低风险付出大量资源。若风险涉及进行中的工作，必须采取紧急行动。5不可容忍的风险降低风险之前，不论工作是否已经开始，都必须停止。若花费了极大的资源也不可能降低风险，禁止作业。除非在极端情况下，否则风险是不能接受的。风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTWhencontrollingrisks:tryalessriskyoption(e.g.switchtousingalesshazardouschemical);preventaccesstothehazard(e.g.byguarding);organiseworktoreduceexposuretothehazard(e.g.putbarriersbetweenpedestriansandtraffic);issuepersonalprotectiveequipment(e.g.clothing,footwear,goggles);andprovidewelfarefacilities(e.g.first-aidandwashingfacilitiesforremovalofcontamination).中海油运CSTANKER风险管理和风险评估XX12170RISKASSESSMENTRiskassessmentreviewRis