湖南省郴州市2022年高一《英语》下学期期末试卷与参考答案

湖南省郴州市2022年高一《英语》下学期期末试卷与参考答案第一部分：听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhydidthemanmovetoCanada?A.Toworkthere.B.Tostaywithhisfamily.C.Togotoabetterschool.2.What’sthemanaskingthewomanfor?A.Awalk.B.Adinner.C.Aride.3.WhoisMaxmaybe?A.Aguitarplayer.B.Anactor.C.Afootballplayer.4.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutgoingtoseeadentist?A.Frightened.B.Excited.C.Disappointed.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Differentcolors.B.ApictureC.flowers.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whydoestheboywanttobuyawashingmachine?A.Thereisn’toneinthedormitorybuilding.B.Heistiredofusingthesharedones.C.Theoldoneisbroken.7.Howoftendoesthegirldolaundry?A.Atleastonceamonth.B.Atleastonceaweek.C.Atleasttwiceaweek.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingnewclothes.B.Packingforvacation.C.Preparingtomove.9.Howdoestheboyfeelabouthisthings?A.Theystillmeanalottohim.B.Theyarestillusefultohim.C.Theyaretoooldtohim.10.Whatwilltheboydowithhisoldstuff?A.Hewilldonatethem.B.Hewillthrowthemout.C.Hewilltakethemwithhim.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Oldfriends.C.Businesspartners.12.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?AAtaschool.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atatravelagency.13.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Watchafilm.B.Haveacoffee.C.Attendameeting.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atanoffice.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atthewoman’shouse.15.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritefood?A.Mexican.B.Italian.C.Chinese.16.Whatdoesthewomansayabouthergrandmother?A.Sheownsarestaurant.B.SheisoriginallyfromAsia.C.Shecanmakeexcellentfood.17.Whendoesthemanneedtobeback?A.By1:00.B.By2:30.C.By2:00.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatwasthesecondstageofthenewdesign?AProtectingthebackpackfromwater.B.Makingthebackpacklightweight.C.Addingastrongbottom.19.Howmanyelectronicitemscanthebackpackchargeatonce?A.Three.B.Six.C.Nine.20.Whatisincludedinthebackpack?A.Extrabatteries.B.Apairofgloves.C.Spaceforshoes.第二部分：阅读第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AFoodfestivalsarecommonintheUKandtakeplaceinallsortsofplacesandatallsortsoftimes.Whateveryourtaste,there’safoodfestivaltomatch.MeatopiaThisthree-day,London-basedfestivaltakesplaceattheendofAugustandisameatlover’sparadise.Inadditiontoarangeofmeatproducts,fromjuicyburgerstotendersteaks,attendeescanlistentolivemusic,watchbutcherydemonstrations,andattendinformalmeat-basedworkshops.TheNationalHoneyShowIfyouhaveasweettooth,thenitcouldbethattheNationalHoneyShow,whichstartedin1921andisthelargesteventofitskind,istheplaceforyoutobe.Thisthree-dayeventattractsmanylocalentriesthatshowtheirsweetgoldenhoney,someofwhichissoldglobally.TheOrangeSauceFestivalHeldinCambria,thissweet,fragrantfestivalhasbeenrunningfor3years.Whatattractspeoplemostisacompetitiontofindthebesthomemadeorangesauce.Therearethousandsofparticipantsfromover30differentcountriesacrosstheglobe,bringingtheirlocalsnackstosharehere.TheGinger(姜)andSpiceFestivalIfyou’dprefersomethingwithalittlemorekicktoit,thenyoucouldattendTheGinger(姜)andSpiceFestivalheldinMarketDrayton.Unlikeotherfoodfestivals,itcelebratesitstown’shistoricconnectiontoRobertClive,whoreturnedfromIndiawithginger.Becauseofthis,theyspecializeinbakinggingerbread,butalsosellarangeoftraditionalspicesfrommildtohot.1.What’sthecommonpointbetweenMeatopiaandtheNationalHoneyShow?A.BothofthemoriginatedfromLondon. B.Bothofthemlastforthreedays.C.Bothofthemholdworkshops. D.Bothofthemhavealonghistory.2.Ifyouwanttotastedifferentforeignfood,whichfestivalisyourfirstoption?A.TheMeatopia B.TheNationalHoneyShowC.TheOrangeSauceFestival D.TheGingerandSpiceFestival3.WhatmakestheGingerandSpiceFestivaldifferentfromtheothers?A.Itonlysellsspicyfood.B.ThefoodiscookedbyRobertClive.C.ThegingerusedinthefestivalisfromIndia.D.Itisconcernedwithahistoricfigure.答案：1.B2.C3.DBThemomentthatJiangMengnanreceivedtheTouchingChinaPersonoftheYearAwardfor2021,shesaidshemostwantedtoexpresshergratitudetoherparents.Bornin1992inYizhangcounty,HunanProvince,Jiang’sworldhasbeensilentsinceshewas6monthsold,whensomedrugsshewasgivendamagedherhearing.So,Jiang’sparents,bothmiddleschoolteachers,taughthertolearnvocalizationandlipreading.Jiangputherhandsonthethroatsofherparentswhentheytalkedandfeltthevibration(震动)ofthevocalcords(声带)tolearntospeak.WhenreadingPinyinshecarefullylookedatthelipsofotherpeople!spronunciationstoknowtheformationofeachsyllable.Masteringasinglewordcantakeatleast1000practiceattemptsforJiang.Furthermore,differentpeoplehaddifferentmouthmovements,whichaddeddifficultytohersocialcontactsandschoollifewhenitcametolipreading.Throughlipreadingandself-studyshewasabletokeepupwithlearningandwasacceptedbyJilinUniversitySchoolofPharmacywithahighscoreof615onthecollegeentranceexamination.In2018,shewasacceptedasaPhDcandidateatTsinghuaUniversity’sSchoolofLifeSciences.Jiang’sstoryisoneofvictoryoveradversity.Moreimportantly,sheishelpinginspiredisabledchildreninhernativeHunanProvinceandbeyondtostruggleforsuccess.Becauseofherhearingloss,shecouldn’tbeadoctor.Instead,shechosepharmacy(药剂学)tohelpreducepeople’spainandassisttheirrecovery.Anothercrucialwaysheaimstocontributeisbyteachingchildreninsimilarsituationsnottobelimitedbytheirdisability.Asoftenasshecan,Jiangvisitsspecialeducationschoolsandmeetswithstudents.Shetellsthemtodotheirbesttoachieveasmuchasaso-calledhealthyperson.Shestressedthatpeoplewithdisabilitieshavenoneedtofeeldiscouraged,astheycandothesameorevenbetterthannon-disabledpeoplearoundthem.WhenGodclosesadoor,heopensawindow,andthisgirlbelievesthatallchallengesaregifts.4.WhatcausesJiangtoloseherhearing?A.Shehadageneticdisease. B.Shesufferedfromahighfever.C.Shewasinjuredinacaraccident. D.Shetookaharmfulmedicine.5.What’sthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Jiang’sadviceonmasteringpronunciationskills.B.Jiang’sexperiencesoflanguagelearning.C.Jiang’sattemptstoovercomesocialanxiety.D.Jiang’ssuccessinthecollegeentranceexamination.6.InwhatwaydoesJianghelpdisabledchildren?A.Byinvestingmoneyinbuildingschoolsforthem.B.Bytreatingthemwithfreemedicineasadoctor.C.Byteachingthemtolearnlipreading.D.Byencouragingthemtoovercomedifficulties.7.WhatdoesJiang’sstorytellus?A.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover. B.Hardworkpaysoff.C.Practicemakesperfect. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.答案：4.D5.B6.D7.BCTropical(热带的)rainforestsaredisappearingatasurprisingrate,andaccordingtoanewreportbyRainforestFoundationNorway,humansaretoblame.Theworld’sdependenceoncoal,farming,soy,palmoilandmininghasresultedintwo-thirdsofEarth’stropicalrainforestsbeingcompletelydestroyed.Tropicalrainforestsoncecovered14.5millionsquarekilometersofEarth’ssurface,butnow,justone-thirdofthatremainsundamaged.Oftheoriginalareatropicalrainforestsonceoccupied,34%iscompletelygoneand30%issufferingfromdamage.Allthatremainsisroughly9.5millionsquarekilometers,and45%ofthatisinapoorstate,thereportsays.Researchersblamehumanconsumptionfortheloss.Whileagriculturehasalwaysbeenamainfactorofrainforestloss,thereportsaidthatenergyconsumption,internationaltradeandtheproductionofbeansandpalmoil,logging(伐木)andmininghavebeenthelargestthreatsoverthepastcentury.AsignificantnumberofU.S.productsrelyonresourcesfromtropicalrainforests.Thecountryheavilyreliesonpalmoil,rubberandcocoa,allofwhichcomefromforestsaroundtheworld.TropicalrainforestsarehometomorethanhalfoftheEarth’sbiodiversityandhavemorecarboninlivingorganismsthananyotherecosystem.Alongwithsupportingsignificantanimallife,tropicalrainforestsarealsonecessaryforslowingdownglobalwarming.“WeexpectthatupcomingUNclimateandbiodiversitysummits(峰会)providespecifictargetsandmeasurestoprotecttropicalrainforests,”saidAndersKrogh,whowrotethereport.Theresearchersalsobelievethatthelossoftropicalrainforestsputsthewholeworldattheriskoffuturepandemics(流行病).TheoutbreakofCOVID-19shouldbringrainforestprotectiontothetopoftheagendaofallpolicymakers.8.Whatcanweknowfromthefiguresinparagraph2?A.Theseveredestructionofrainforests.B.TheforestcoveragerateonEarth.C.Theprocessofrainforestloss.D.Thereasonforthedisappearanceofrainforests.9.What’sthepurposeofmentioningAmerica’sdependenceonrainforestresources?A.Toemphasizetheeffectsoffarmingontropicalrainforests.B.Todisplaytherichnessofrainforestresources.C.Toshowhuman’sconsumptionofrainforestresources.D.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.10.WhichonewillbeinfluencedbythedeclineoftropicalrainforestsaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Globalclimate. B.Humandiet.C.Economicdevelopment. D.Socialstructure.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoProtectRainforests B.ReduceHumanConsumptionC.TropicalRainforestsareDisappearing D.RainforestsandGlobalWarming答案：8.A9.C10.A11.CDThefoodpeopleeatisoftenbroughtinfrommilesawayandstoredusingtraditionalcoolingsystemsbeforetheproductshitstoreshelves.Iceisthemostcommoncoolingmethodthatisused.Whenicemelts,it’snotreusable.LuxinWang,oneoftheproject’sleaders,sawthemassiveamountsofunrecyclableicebeingusedtostorethefishatafishingprocessingplantandthecross-contamination(交叉污染)thatmeltedwatercouldspreadamongproductsordownthedrain.Thisinspiredhertolookforasustainablesolution.Theteamgottoworkandcreatedwhattheyrefertoas“jellyicecubes”.Theicecubescantakeonvariousshapesandsizesandwithstandtemperatureandpressurechanges.Thatmeansthatthejellyicecubeswon’tmeltinhottertemperaturesbutratherthetechnologywillchangecolorstoindicatethattheicecubeneedstoberefrozen.Thecubeswon’tlosetheirformeither.Thenoveltycubescanbeusedfor13hoursofstorageandcaneasilybewashedwithbleach(漂白剂),andfrozenagainforreuse.Theresearchteamknowsthatusingthesehashugepotentialtoreducewaterwasteandfoodwasteacrossthefoodsupplychain.Foodcontaminationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinfoodwasteandcanhappenatanystage.Onceiceturnstowater,itcanpickupbacteriaandsubsequentlyspreaditbetweenneighboringproduce.However,ifthejellyicecubesareused,theycanofferareusablesolutiontoconservewaterandhaveabigimpactonreducingfoodwaste.Thesesolidcubescanpreventcross-contaminationthatcomesfrommeltedice.Alreadyeasingtwomajorthreatsfacingfoodproduction,theteamplanstotaketheirresearchonestepfurtheranduseagriculturalwasteandbyproductsasthecoolingagents(冷却剂)intheirfutureicecubedesigns.Andthesenewinnovativejellyicecubesappeartoberealwinnersinhelpingcreategreenerfoodindustry.12.WhatmotivatedWangtocreatethejellyicecubes?A.Dealingwithfoodwasteatafishingprocessingplant.B.Transportingproductswithicecubesmeltinghalfway.C.Seeingproblemsofstoringthefishinatraditionalway.D.Receivingboxeswithmanyunrecyclableicecubesinside.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“withstand”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Resist. B.Measure. C.Reduce. D.Sense.14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thecauseoffoodcontamination.B.Theadvantagesofthejellyicecubes.C.Theprocessofmanufacturingnewicecubes.D.Themethodsofkeepingfoodcleanandfresh.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thejellyicecubeswillreachfoodproducerssoon.B.Thenewicecubeswillcontributetothepromotionofgreenfood.C.Researchershavediscoveredeffectivewaystoensurefoodsafety.D.Researcherswillmaketheproductionoficecubesmoreeco-friendly.答案：12.C13.A14.B15.D第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimeswemakemeditation(冥想)morecomplicatedthanitneedstobe.Insteadofoverthinkingit,followthestepsbelowtosetyourselfupforsuccess:●FindYourMotivationAswithanynewhabit,it'simportanttounderstandyourmotivationforgettingstarted.ImeditatebecauseIfeellikeitmakesmeacalmerpersonduringtheday.___16___Whateveryourmotivationis,getclearonitandcomebacktoitoften.●ChooseYourToolsWhenyouhavetherighttools,meditationcanfeelalotlessdaunting.Ifindguidedmeditationsaloteasiertofollowthantryingtomeditateinsilence,buteveryonehastheirownpreferences.___17___,IrecommendCalm,Headspace,andInsightTimer.●CreateaMeditationSpaceAlthoughyoucanpracticemeditationanywhere,Ifindithelpfultohaveadesignatedmeditationspacethatfeelsfamiliartoyou.___18___Youmightprefertolayoutayogamatinyourlivingroomorsitonsomepillowsinaquietcorner.Findwhatworksforyou!●___19___Ifyouwanttostartmakingmeditationpartofyourroutine,it'simportanttocarveouttimeforit.I'vefoundthattheonlywayIcangetmyselftodoiteverydayistoopenupmyCalmaperightafterIwakeup.WhenmeditationisthefirstthingIdo,Istartmydayfeelinglessanxious.●TrackYourProgressBothCalmandHeadspacehavebuilt-intrackersthatshowyouhowmanydaysyou'vemeditatedinarow,andIfindthismotivatingbecauseIneverwanttobreakmysteak.___20___youcouldsimplykeeptrackofitinyourdailyto-dolist.A.SetaFixedTimeB.SetaTimeLimitC.IchoosetomeditateuprightinbedD.Ifyou'renotusingeitheroftheseappsE.Ifyou'relookingforagoodmeditationappF.PerhapsyouwanttomeditatetoreduceanxietyG.Ifyoutrymeditatingforthefirsttimewith20minutes答案：16.F17.E18.C19.A20.D第三部分：语言运用第一节：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onedaytwofishermenwerefishinginanearbylake.Theybothhadfishingequipmentandcookingtools.Oncetheyarrivedatthelake,they____21____tositatagooddistancefromeachother.Thefirstfishermancaughtabigbeautifulfishwithinafewminutes.Hewasvery____22____.Hethenplacedthefishintheiceboxtokeepit____23____.Hemeanttocookthe____24____fishatnoon.Hespentsomemoretimeandcaughtafewmorefish.Afteraboutanhourof____25____,thefirstfishermanofferedtohelpthesecondfisherman.Butthesecondmanpolitely____26____.Afewminuteslater,thesecondfishermanalsocaughtalargefish.____27____,hethrewitbackintothelake.Thenhecaughtmorebigfishbutjustputthemallbackintothelake.Thefirstfishermanwas____28____withhimandshouted,“Whydidyou____29____themaway?Theywerebeautifulandbig!”Thesecondfisherman_____30_____,“Iknowtheyarebig,butIdon’thaveabigpantocookthebigfish!SoI’mlookingforasmallerfishthat_____31_____mycookingpan!”Thefirstfishermanwassurprisedattheanswer.He_____32_____thesecondfishermantocutthebigfishintopiecestofitthemintothesmallpan.Manyofusarejustlikethesecondfisherman.Wealways_____33_____ahandfulofchancesandevenfortunethatcomeourwaybecausewearetoostubbornly_____34_____whatwewant.Weneedtolearntovalueeverychanceandworkitoutsothatitwillfitintoourlives_____35_____.21.A.chose B.continued C.started D.promised22.A.thankful B.curious C.delighted D.hopeful23.A.alive B.fresh C.safe D.secret24.A.real B.local C.weak D.large25.A.preparation B.discussion C.waiting D.fishing26.A.refused B.explained C.accepted D.commented27.A.Luckily B.Surprisingly C.Finally D.Certainly28.A.careful B.strict C.satisfied D.annoyed29.A.throw B.give C.send D.carry30.A.realized B.wondered C.responded D.doubted31.A.fits B.dirties C.protects D.breaks32.A.forced B.advised C.delivered D.encouraged33.A.avoid B.provide C.miss D.discover34.A.puttingaside B.believingin C.thinkingof D.lookingfor35.A.quickly B.perfectly C.peacefully D.differently答案：21.A22.C23.B24.D25.D26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.B第二节：阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesescientistTuYouyouisoneoftheeightwhowereawardedtheMedalofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.SheisthefirstChinesecitizen____36____(win)aNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.Bornin1930,inNingbo,ZhejiangProvince,Tu____37____(study)medicineatuniversityinBeijing.Sheacquired____38____broadknowledgeofbothChineseandWesternmedicine.In1969,Tubecameheadofateamtofindacureformalaria.However,toproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialswasmuch____39____(difficult)thanwethoughtduetolimitedresearchresources.Evenwithlargeamountsofqinghaoextract____40____(produce),theystillfacedalotofproblems.Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety,Tuandherteamvolunteeredtotesttheqinghaoextracton____41____(they)first.Itwasnotuntilthe1970sthatTusucceededindiscoveringqinghaosu,aftermanyfailed____42____(experiment).InNovember1972,they____43____(successful)isolatedthemosteffectivepartoftheextractqinghaosu,____44____isnowakeypartofmanymalariamedicines.Sincethediscoveryofqinghaosu,thesurvivalrateofmalariapatientshasincreasedbyaround30%.Tuandherteamfinallymadeit,_____45_____(save)millionsoflivesworldwide.答案：36.towin37.studied38.a39.moredifficult40.produced41.themselves42.experiments43.successfully44.which45.saving第四部分：写作第一节46.众所周知，现在的野生动物越来越少了，有一些野生动物面临灭绝的趋势，请写一篇有关保护野生动物的演讲稿。内容包括：1.野生动物濒临灭绝的现状；2.野生动物濒临灭绝的原因；3.拯救措施。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Goodmorning,everybody!_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Goodmorning,everybody!It’smyhonortospeakhere.TodayI’dliketosharemytopic,wildlifeprotection,withyou.Asweallknow,manywildanimalsareendangered.Oneofthemajorreasonsisthatthehabitatsofmanywildanimalsarepollutedordestroyed.Besides,agreatmanywildanimalsarehuntedandkilledforfoodormoneyeachyear.Inmyopinion,it’stimewetookimmediatemeasures.Tostartwith,allofusshouldraiseawarenessofwildlifeprotection.Atthesametime,we’dbettersetupmorenaturereservestoguaranteewildanimalsasafehometolive.Ibelieveaslongaswetakeactionimmediately,wewillliveinharmonywithwildanimals.Thanksforyourlistening.第二节47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onceuponatime,therelivedawiseman.Hisson,however,wasverylazyandwastedhistimesleeping.Theyearspassed,andherecognizedtheneedtogivesomethingtohissonsothathecouldtakecareofhimselfandhisfamily.Oneday,hecalledhissontohisroomandsaid,“Myson,youarenomoreakidnow.Iwantyoutofindtherealpurposeofyourlife.”Thenhehandedhissonabag.Thesonopenedit.Insideweresomefood,alittlemoneyandamap.Hisfathercontinued,“Iwantyoutogoandfindatreasure.Ihavedrawnamapoftheplacewherethetreasureishidden.Youneedtogoandfindit.”Thesonlovedthisidea.Thenextday,hesetoutonajourneytofindthetreasure.Hehadtotravelreallyfaracrossforestsandmountains.Alongtheway,heusedupthemoneyandevenstarvedsometimes.Luckily,hewashelpedbysomewithfoodandbysomewithmoney.Finally,afteralongyear,hereached