中考英语二轮复习题型突破课件：题型三+阅读理解

题型三阅读理解第一节四选一阅读理解题主要考查学生通过阅读获取信息、分析信息和处理信息的综合运用语言的能力,包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、推理判断、对材料的评估能力等。所选材料题材多样(涉及政治、经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地理、科学技术等方面),体裁丰富(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等),近年来出现了书、小说节选、非连续性文本等形式的阅读材料。其文章长度一般为200~300词,个别文章达400~500词,生词率不超过3%,要求考生的阅读速度为每分钟50~70词。1.细节理解题。针对此类题型,需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,发现文章中的细节信息,然后遵循由整体到细节的原则,把握作者的思路,按全文→段落→词语的步骤来解题。具体解题技巧如下:(1)搜寻直接答案:关键词定位法。根据题干的关键信息,在文章中寻找相关的语句,与题干核对信息,得出正确的答案。(2)搜寻间接答案:转换相关语句法。根据题干的关键信息,在文章中寻找相关段落与句子,并转换为选项中的表述,核对选项的意思与文章的意思是否一致。2.推理判断题。此类试题要求学生对文章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理,也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推断出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义。具体解题技巧如下:(1)根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。逻辑推论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理,从而得出合乎逻辑的结论。解答这类试题的前提是获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题目的要求进行推断。(2)根据作者的思想倾向和感情色彩判断观点和态度。所谓作者的观点和态度,就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类:支持、赞同、乐观;客观、中立;反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此,在推断过程中,应该特别注意文中作者的措辞,尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。(3)根据文章体裁和内容推断文章出处。判断文章出处的题目应从文章的体裁和内容来着手。一般来说,报纸上的新闻前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等;广告类文章因其格式特殊,容易辨认;产品说明类文章,如器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式,而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等;来自网络的文章一般比较新颖,时效性强。3.词义猜测题。此类试题的目的在于检测学生利用上下文理解词的能力。具体解题技巧如下:(1)根据上下文语境猜测词义。有些单词或短语不能直接猜测出其意思,但可以根据上下文提示来进行推测。(2)通过定义、定语(从句)、同位语(从句)及举例来猜测词义。作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中会对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜测词义比较容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的词,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。(3)通过构词法来猜测词义。有些生词很难通过上下文来推测其词义,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用。此时,掌握一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识就很容易推测。4.信息排序题。解题步骤如下:(1)通读文章每段的首句(如果首句没有相关信息则读第二句和最后一句),理解段落大意和段落之间的逻辑关系,确定语篇模式。(2)仔细阅读给出的选项,检查句子的意思与段落大意是否一致,排除不合理的选项。(3)阅读余下合理的选项,确定其在文章中的段落并标注。(4)联系上下文,检查文理是否通顺。解题方法和技巧:(1)先易后难。选择自己最熟悉、最明显的答案先填,根据“先易后难”的原则逐个选填。(2)词语呼应。一般情况下文章中出现的单词与选项句子中的单词总会有一些必然的联系。(3)上下文联系。这种题所采用的语段一般都是在上句与下句或上半句与下半句之间有一定的对应关系,我们只要抓住它们的对应关系就可以解答这种题了。5.主旨/段落大意、标题归纳和写作意图题。此类试题要求学生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章或段落进行归纳、概括或评价。解答此类试题时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义。在涉及文章的主题(mainidea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题时,需要在精读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。具体解题技巧如下:(1)关注核心及高频词汇。在阅读文章时,要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息,寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息,找出覆盖全文的核心词汇,看选项内容是否切合文章的中心论题。(2)根据主题句提炼标题。标题对文章的主题具有概括性,因此寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心。主题句通常在文章首段,但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落,或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句,那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来,即为全文的主题句。阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。A(2023·盐城)WhenMarkwalkedempty-handedupthesand,thesunwasshiningbrightly.Thewatchingchildrenwereasdisappointedashewas.Theylookedateachotherandspokesoftlysohecouldn’thear.“Isthatall?”“Ishegivingup?”ButMarkwasn’tgivingup.Herestedonthehotsand.Heatesomechocolatebiscuitsandfedenergybackintohisbody.Slowlyhisstrengthanddeterminationreturned.“Wouldthecrayfish(鳌虾)stillbethere?”hewondered.Markknewcrayfishusuallyhidinthedarknessbeneathrocks,onlycomingoutatnighttofeed.Howlongwouldhiscrayfishremaintherebeforeitwentbackundertherocks?Markforcedhimselftobepatient.Helayonhisbackinthesun,eyesclosed,nearlyasleep.Excitementandspeedwouldonlywasteenergy.FinallyMarkroseandwentbackintothewater.Thechildren,watchingfromtheshore,weresilent.Theywaited,twisting(缠绕)curlsofhairintheirfingers,diggingtheirteethintotheirknees.

Outinthebay,thecrayfishwasstillthere.Itsfeelersmovedinthecurrents(水流).Marktooklong,slow,deepbreaths.Hecheeredhimselfupwithencouragingwords,“Icandoit.Ican.Icandoit.”Overandoverhetoldhimself,hopinghismindwouldgettheideaandbelieveit.Downhedived.Down.Down.Down.Lungsbursting,earspopping,eyespainful.Nearlythere.Pressure(压力).Pressure.Hereachedouthishands.Reaching.Reaching.Butitwasnogood.Hecouldn’tmakeit.Onlyanarm’slengthaway,buthecouldn’treachthecrayfish.Uphewent.Tired,burning,disappointed,annoyed.Floatingonthesurface,hetoldhimselfoff.“Youhurriedtoomuch.Takeyourtime.Prepareyourself.Don’tdiveuntileverythingfeelsright,”hespoketohimselfcalmly,andhefelttheconfidencebuildingupinsidehim.“Icandoit.Icandoit.”Hefeltgood.Itwasgoingtobeagooddive.Breathingdeeply,relaxing,concentrating.Threemorebreaths.One,two,three.Down!(

)1.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthestory?A.Sunny. B.Windy.C.Cloudy. D.Foggy.(

)2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beneath”inParagraph5mean?A.Above. B.Under.C.Beside. D.Behind.(

)3.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanseethechildrenwere

.A.tired B.excitedC.amazed D.nervous(

)4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Markcaughtthecrayfishatlast.B.Markwasbuildinguphisconfidence.C.Marklostheartandplannedtogiveup.D.Markhurriedtodivewheneverythingwasright.(

)5.What’sthemainideaofthestory?A.WhatMarkatetogethisenergyback.B.WhatMarkdidtoreducehispressure.C.HowMarkkepttryingtogetthecrayfish.D.HowMarkpreparedhimselfwellfordiving.B(2022·盐城)Hewasanoldmanwhofishedaloneinaboatandhehadgoneeighty-fourdayswithouttakingafish.Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.Butafterfortydayswithoutafish,theboy’sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasreallyunlucky,andtheboyhadgoneinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishinthefirstweek.Itmadetheboysadtoseetheoldmancomeineachdaywithhisboatemptyandhealwayswentdowntohelphimcarryfishingtools.Theoldmanwasthinwithdeepwrinkles(皱纹)inthebackofhisneck.Hishandshadthedeepscars(疤)fromdealingwithheavyfish.Butnoneofthesescarswerefresh.Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolourastheseaandwerecheerfulandfullofconfidence.“Santiago,”theboysaidtohimastheyclimbedfromthebankwheretheboatwaspulledup.“Icouldgowithyouagain.We’vemadesomemoney.”Theoldmanhadtaughttheboytofishandtheboylovedhim.“No,”theoldmansaid.“You’rewithaluckyboat.Staywiththem.”“Butrememberhowyouwenteighty-sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.”“Irememberthat,”theoldmansaid.“Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly.”“ItwasPapawhomademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmetodo.”“Iknow,”theoldmansaid.“Iquiteunderstandthat.”“Hedoesn’thavemuchfaith(信念).”“Butwehave,don’twe?”theoldmansaid.“Yes,”theboysaid.“CanIofferyouabeerontheterrace?Andthenwe’lltakethefishingtoolshome.”“Whynot?”theoldmansaid.“Betweenfishermen.”Theysatontheterraceandmanyofthefishermenmadefunoftheoldman,buthewasnotangry.Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn’tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea,theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.(

)1.HowmanydaysdidtheoldmangofishingwiththeboyaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Forty. B.Forty-four.C.Eighty-four. D.Eighty-seven.(

)2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Theboywouldleavehimsoonerorlater.B.Theboyhadtolistentohisfatherandlefthim.C.Hecouldn’tcatchfishbecausehewastooold.D.Hecouldn’tsucceedwithouttheboy’ssupport.(

)3.Whichistherightorderofthestoryabouttheboyinthepassage?①Theoldmancaughtsomebigfishwiththeboy.②Theoldmantaughttheboyhowtofishonthesea.③Theboywantedtogofishingwiththeoldmanagain.④Theboyhelpedtheoldmantakethefishingtoolshome.A.①④③②

B.②①③④C.②③④①

D.③④①②(

)4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphofthestory?A.Theoldmanlikedtomakefunofotherfishermen.B.Theoldmanoftenprovidedbeerforotherfishermen.C.Allfishermenlaughedattheoldmanexcepttheboy.D.Somefishermenfeltsadfortheoldman.(

)5.Fromthestorywecanknowthattheoldmanis

.

A.amanwhooftenshowedoffB.amanwhonevergaveupC.amanwhosometimesgotangryD.amanwhoseldomstayedcalm[例题解析]A1.A细节理解题。根据thesunwasshiningbrightly可知,这一天天气晴朗。2.B词义猜测题。根据“...onlycomingoutatnighttofeed.Howlongwouldhiscrayfishremaintherebeforeitwentbackundertherocks?”可推知,螯虾通常躲在岩石下面。under和beneath意思相近。3.D推理判断题。根据“...twistingcurls...theirknees.”可知,作者通过“用手指捻着卷发,用牙齿咬着膝盖”的动作描写来说明孩子们此时的心情是紧张的。4.B细节理解题。通读文章最后两段,尤其根据“...hespoketohimselfcalmly,andhefelttheconfidencebuildingupinsidehim.”可知,他在建立自信。5.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了马克为得到螯虾所做的努力。B1.A细节理解题。根据“Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.”可知,老人与男孩一起捕鱼40天。2.B代词指代题。根据“ItwasPapawhomademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmetodo.”可知,这里的that指的是男孩不得不听父亲的话并离开老人。3.B信息排序题。根据文章内容可知,文中有关男孩的事件顺序为:老人教男孩捕鱼的方法;老人曾和男孩一起捕到过大鱼;男孩想再次与老人一起捕鱼;男孩帮老人把捕鱼工具送回家。4.D细节理解题。根据“Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.”可知,一些老渔民为老人感到难过。5.B推理判断题。根据文章大意可知,老人是一位永不放弃的人。第二节六选五

“六选五”题型的模式为:给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章,对应有六个选项,要求学生根据文章结构和内容,选出正确的句子,填入相应的空白处。该题型主要考查学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。要求学生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。1.在阅读过程中,要注意文章的开始与结束段落,尤其是文章的首段末句及末段末句,因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式较为常见。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在,说明本文将探讨哪些内容,并简要指出文章的写作思路,有时甚至会以提纲的形式呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义,如果它是文章的主题句,就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开,并对文章的写作主题有整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句,则需要继续寻找。这时,可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式,若两者均可排除,则需在文章其他段落寻找主题句,但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。2.边读边做题,重点阅读各个空白处附近的句子,圈定线索词,然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词,以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果有一题做不出来或拿不准,可先放过,继续往下读,先做容易的、能做出的题,直到读完整篇文章。至此,文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。将所选项放入空白处,看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系,是否符合该处语境。一篇文章作为一个整体,有其写作的线索与思路,在选项定位时,要尤其注意文章的写作线索以及文章写作思路的连贯性,使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果代入选项后,发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾,应更换其他选项。3.在完成选项定位后,应通读全文,检查文章内容是否完整,语义是否连贯、合理,各段落内容是否紧扣主题,语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑,写作思路是否清晰明了,格式以及用语是否恰当贴切,从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时,我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析。个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近,具有很强的干扰性,这时我们要认真分析,仔细甄别,排除干扰,从而得出正确选项。要特别注意,除非有充分的理由否定之前的选择,否则不要仓促更改。只要前两步动了脑筋,第一印象往往可信度很高。4.具体解题技巧如下:(1)从意思上判断。在做题时最重要的是要读懂空格前后的句子,明白这几句话的确切意思,然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上,再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。(2)从词汇上锁定线索。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感度,最主要的线索特征词往往是空格前后的名词和动词,寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下,利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。(3)从关联词上查找。英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡,使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯,因此文章和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的标志性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如,在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时,一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性;表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的句意对立,或褒贬对立或肯否对立;而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子。常见的关联词有下面这些:①并列与递进关系and、or、also、“neither...nor...”“either...or...”、inthesameway、thatistosay、aswellas、“thesame...as”、besides、moreover、inadditionto、whatismore等。②因果关系because、for、since、as、therefore、so、“so...that”、thanksto、asaresult、becauseof、forthisreason等。③转折、让步关系but、however、yet、ontheotherhand、unfortunately、while、ratherthan、insteadof、although、though、eventhough、evenif等。④时间关系atfirst、atlast、finally、first、firstly、inthefirstplace、tostartwith、inthemeantime、last、later、next、second、secondly、then、third、thirdly、tobeginwith以及一些具体的时间。(4)根据空格所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略。①如果空格在段首(a)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。(b)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一、二句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案与空格后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的,因此这两句间会有某种衔接手段。(c)段落间的过渡句。这时要在上下文找提示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,将正确答案与上一段结尾衔接起来,并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案能否将两段内容连贯起来。②如果空格在段尾(a)空格前的一句或两句是重点语句,重点阅读以锁定关键词。(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefore、asaresult、inaword等词语,选项中也可能发现前文的同义词句。(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词,同时注意选项中所讲内容能否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(d)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下,通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节,因此根据段落一致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词,通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构,或出现同义词等其他信号线索。空格前的一句与正确答案是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句,通常会找到关键的线索词句。(e)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接性。认真阅读下一段开头几句,看能否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。(f)如果第一段的段尾是空格,要认真阅读,看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题,如果在段尾提出主题,会用一些信号词,如转折词等引出来,正确答案中应有这样的特征词。阅读短文,并从下面方框的六个句子中选择五个还原到文中,使原文的意思完整、连贯。A(2023·盐城)Choosingacareerisn’talwayseasy,buttherearestillsometipsyoucantaketohelpmakeupyourmind.Don’tletotherpeopledecidewhatyoushoulddo.Sometimesadultsmaywantyoutobecomeadoctor,orworkinbanking,orbeateacher.Listentothem,butrememberit’syourlifeandthatit’syourdecision.1.

Considerwhatyouaregoodat.It’struethatthingslikesalaryareimportant,butdon’tletthemleadyoudownthewrongpath.Followyourheartandyourpersonality.2.

Ifyoudon’tlikeworkwhichneedslotsofattentiontodetail,thinklongandhardbeforeyoudecidetodosomethinglikeapplyingtostudyengineeringatuniversity.

Yourfirstdecisionisn’tforever.3.

Theystartajob,loveitstraightawayandstickatit.Butitisn’talwayslikethat.Sorememberthatyouareallowedtochangeyourmind.It’snotnecessarytoworryforyears.Maybeyourfirstjobdoesn’tturnouttobesuitableforyou.Maybetherightjobforyouisrightaroundthecorner!

4.

Somepeoplechoosetheircareersimplybecausetheythinkthey’llmakehugeamountsofmoney.OK,ifthatiswhatyouwant.But,generally,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheircareeriftheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.Itdoesn’thavetobecharitywork.5.

Justdon’tforgetthatjobsatisfactionisn’tonlyaboutmoney.

A.Dosomethingofvalue.B.Otherscandecideyourfuture.C.Someluckypeoplegetitrightfirsttime.D.Sobesurethatyouaretheonewhomakesthatdecision.E.Itcouldbeajobthathelpsotherpeopleinthecommunity.F.Ifyouareveryactive,don’tchooseanofficejob,evenifthepayisgood.B(2023·沭阳如东实验学校模拟)Haveyoueverlostyourtemper?Didyoushoutorscreamatthosearoundyou,evenpeopleyoulikeorlove?Didyouwanttobreaksomethingorhitsomeone?Everyonegetsangry.Wehavelotsoffeelings.Atdifferenttimes,wemaybehappy,sadorjealous.1.

It’sperfectlyokaytobeangryattimes.Infact,it’simportanttogetangrysometimes.Angercanevenbeagoodthing.Whenyouaretreatedunfairly,angercanhelpyoustandupforyourself.2.

Somepeoplekeeptheirangerhiddendeepinside.Ifyoudothis,youmightgetaheadacheoryourstomachmightstarttohurt.Youmayjustfeelawfulaboutyourselforstarttocry.It’snotgoodtohideyouranger,soyoushouldfindawaytoletitoutwithouthurtingyourselforothers.

Whenyoustarttofeelangry,youcancountto10,drawapictureofanger,playavideogame,runasfastasyoucanordosomethingactive.Aneffective(有效的)wayistotalktoafriendthatyoucantrust.3.

4.

Instead,admit(承认)toyourselfthatyouareangryandtrytofindoutwhyyouareangryandwhatyoucandotokeepthesituationfromhappeningagain.

Nevergettingangryisimpossible.Butyoushouldalwaysrememberthathowyouactwhenyou’reangrycanmakethesituationbetterorworse.5.

Takechargeofit!

A.Takingitoutonothersneversolvesanyproblem.B.Onceyoutalkaboutanger,thosebadfeelingsusuallystarttogoaway.C.Hereisanimportantwaytodealwithanger.D.Angerisjustanotheremotionwehave.E.Butangermustbereleased(释放)intherightway.F.Don’tletangerbethebossofyou.[例题解析]A1.D根据小标题及空前的it’syourdecision可知,D选项“所以确保你是做决定的人。”符合语境。2.F根据上文中“Followyourheartandyourpersonality.”及下文中“Ifyoudon’tlike...”并结合选项可知,F选项“如果你很活跃,不要选择办公室工作,即使工资很好。”进一步举例解释,并呼应下文,符合语境。3.C

C选项和小标题形成对比且空后的“Theystartajob,loveitstraightawayandstickatit.”是对C选项的进一步解释。4.A选项A与本段中提及的“...peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheircareeriftheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.”相呼应,符合语境。5.E

E选项和与空前的“Itdoesn’thavetobecharitywork.”相呼应,符合语境。B1.D根据上文中“Wehavelotsoffeelings.Atdifferenttimes,wemaybehappy,sadorjealous.”以及下文中“It’sperfectlyokaytobeangry...”可知,我们有不同的情绪,D选项进一步指出愤怒只是众多情绪中的一种,与下文相呼应,符合语境。2.E根据下文中“It’snotgoodtohideyouranger,soyoushouldfindawaytoletitoutwithouthurtingyourselforothers.”可知,此段与释放愤怒的方式相关。E选项“但愤怒必须以正确的方式释放。”符合语境。3.B根据空前的“Aneffectivewayistotalktoafriendthatyoucantrust.”可知,释放愤怒的一个有效方式是和信任的朋友交谈。B选项“一旦你谈论愤怒,那些不好的感觉通常就会开始消失。”符合语境。4.A根据下文中“Instead,admittoyourselfthatyouareangryandtrytofindoutwhyyouareangryandwhatyoucandotokeepthesituationfromhappeningagain.”可知,愤怒时拿他人撒气是不能解决问题的,相反,找到原因,并且避免类似情况发生才是正确的做法。A选项“拿别人出气解决不了任何问题。”符合语境。5.F根据空后的“Takechargeofit!”可知,自己要能掌控愤怒,而不是让愤怒主宰你。F选项符合语境。课后练习第一节四选一A(2022·盐城)TheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriodwasanageofgreatculturedevelopmentinChina.Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.

ShangYangreformedmanyfields.Beforethereform,heplacedalog(原木)atthegateandpromised,“Ifsomeonecanmovethelog,hewillgetareward.”Noonebelievedhimuntilsomeonemovedthelog.ShangYangreallygavehimareward.

DoyouknowLuBanlock?Itisaremovabletoy.LuBanmadeitforhisson.Hissonstudiedallnightbeforeopeningit.Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons(武器).

LiBingwasanexpertinthewaterproject.Hesetupmanywaterprojects.Dujiangyanisthemostfamous.Itmadewaterhelpfultothepeople.

Once,anofficialfellunconscious(昏迷的).EveryonethoughthewasdeadexceptBianQue.BianQuefelthisweakpulseandsaid,“Hewillwakeupinthreedays.”Twodayslater,theofficialwokeup.Everyonewasamazed.(

)1.WhydidShangYangmakeapromisebeforethereform?A.Togivepeopleareward.B.Tosellthelogatthemarket.C.Tofixthegateofthebuilding.D.Tomakepeoplebelievehim.D(

)2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothematerial?A.LuBanwasanancientinventor.B.ShangYangwasanexpertinbuildinghouses.C.LiBingwasgoodatreformingfields.D.BianQueoncemadeadeadpersonbacktolife.(

)3.What’sthemainthemeofthematerial?A.Famouspeople. B.Chinesemedicine.C.Traditionalmusic. D.Importantinventions.AAB(2022·无锡)Studyingisnotalwaysthemostinterestingtaskwithinyourday,butitisanecessaryone.Eventhoughitisrequired,everyonehasgotboredatonetimeoranotherwhilestudying.Althoughthisisacommonproblem,herearesometipsforyoutokeepboredomawaywhileyouarestudying.Findasuitableplacetostudy.Makesureyouareinaplacethatisfreeofdistractions(使人分心的事).Distractionswillactuallycauseyoutobecomemoreboredbecauseyouareremindedofthethingsyoucoulddootherthanstudying.Makea

▲

plan.

Planfirst.Listwhatyouneedtogetcompletedandhowlongyouneedtocompleteit.Ifyouknowwhenyoucangobacktoplayingsportsortalkingtoyourfriends,youwillbemorelikelytofixyourattentiononstudies.Mixupyourtopics.Changethetopicsthatyouarestudying.Mixupwhatyoustudyeveryhalfanhourtoanhourorsotoavoidboredom.Forexample,studyHistoryfor45minutes,Mathsfor45minutes,andEnglishfor45minutes.Makesureyoudon’tspendallyourtimeononesubject.Takenotesasyougo.Takeanotebookoutandwritedownimportantnoteswhileyouarereadinganarticleinatextbook.Notonlywillithelpkeepyouengaged,butalsoyouwilllearnmorebecauseyouprocesstheinformationonceasyoureaditandthenagainasyousynthesizetheinformationtowriteitdown.(

)1.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Study. B.Health.

C.Science. D.Culture.(

)2.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor“

▲

”?

A.trip B.time

C.business D.lunch(

)3.Thepassageismainlyabout

.

A.howtolearndifferentsubjectsB.howtostudywithoutgettingboredC.howtoreadanarticleinatextbookD.howtochooseaproperplacetostudyABBC(2022·河北)LastyearIhadatripwithmyfriend,Nancy.Theweatherwascloudyexceptforonenight.NancyandIsatinthefieldandwefeltrelaxed.Wetalkedaboutthefantastictrip,lookingatthestars.“It’sapitywedon’tknowwhichstarswe’relookingat,Jenny,”saidNancy.“Iknowsomeofthem,”Ianswered.NancyfeltsurprisedwhenIfinallyfinishedtellingherallthenamesIknew.MyinterestinstarsbeganwhenIwaseight.Myaunttookmetoaplanetarium(天文馆).Aguideshowedusthegroupsofstarsandtoldusstoriesabouthowtheygottheirnames.Thestorieswerewonderful.Everyoneknowswecanseethestarsbetterwhenit’snotcloudy,butlotsofpeopledon’trealizethatabrightmoonalsostopsusseeingverymuch.IalwayslookforthePlough(北斗七星),becauseonceIseethat,IcanfindtheNorthStarandotherstars.Iwantedtolearnmoreaboutthestars,soItookacourseataclub.Therearesomanylightsinthecitythatwehavetogotothecountrysidetoseestars.I’mplanningtomakevideosaboutstarsinthecountryside.I’llpostthemonlineforeveryonetowatch.MygreatestdreamistobeanastronautandIwishIcouldexperiencespacetravel.(

)1.HowdidNancyfeelafterJennytoldherthenamesofthestars?A.Relaxed. B.Surprised.C.Angry. D.Wonderful.(

)2.WhatisJennyplanningtodo?A.Travelabroad.B.Takecoursesonline.C.Makevideosaboutstars.D.Giveatalkaboutnames.BC(

)3.WhichofthefollowingwouldJennyprobablyagreewith?A.Studentsshouldmovetothecountryside.B.Children’sfavouritehobbyistowritestories.C.Thebestplacetowatchstarsisthecitycentre.D.Abrightmoonmaystoppeopleseeingverymuch.DD(2022·鄂州)Inmyopinion,China’s“doublereduction”policyaimedateasing(减轻)education-relatedpressureonparentsandchildreniseffective.Nowtakemyhomeasanexampletoshowhowitworks.“Dad!Getup!Youpromisedtotakeustothezootoday!”mytwodaughtersshoutedtogetheronerecentSaturdaymorning.Theclockhadjuststruckseven,butourhousehadalreadygotnoisy!Forfamilieswithchildren,weekendshavebecomeverydifferent.Inthepast,mywifeandIcouldatleastsleepin(睡懒觉).Thenat9o’clock,wehadtowakeupthekids.Afterthrowingthemintoatutoringclass(辅导班),wecouldhaveseveralhourstoenjoyourselves.Butnow,theseclassesaregonealtogether.Kids,ofcourse,arehappyaboutthis.EveryTuesdayorWednesdayevening,mygirlswouldaskme,“WherearewegoingtospendthiscomingSaturday?”Luckily,therearestillsomeclassesforthemtoattend.OnSundays,mygirlsgotolearnballetandchess.Theyreallyenjoytheirtimethere.Myelderdaughterisoldenoughtoreadquietlyonherown.Onluckydays,wecangethertoreadtogetherwithhersister.Still,aquiet“competition”ison.Mygirlssometimestalkabouthowtheirclassmateshavespentanexcitingweekend.It’stheirwayofcomplainingaboutmylaziness.Weekendsaremoretiringnowforparents,butIthinktheyaregoodforkids.Afterall,childhoodshouldbemorethanjuststudyingschoolsubjects.Itshouldbemorecolourful.(

)1.Whatistheaimofthe“doublereduction”policy?A.Toeaseeducation-relatedpressureonparentsandchildren.B.Tomakeparentsstaywiththeirchildrenatweekends.C.Tomakeparentshavemoretimeforthemselvesatweekends.D.Tomakechildrenandtheirparentshaveagoodtimeatweekends.(

)2.WhatdidthewriterdowithhischildrenonerecentSaturdaymorning?A.Theytravelledtothecountryside.

B.Theywentcamping.C.Theywenttothezoo.

D.Theywenttoatutoringclass.AC(

)3.Whenthetutoringclassesaregonealtogether,childrenare

.A.tired B.sad C.happy D.surprised(

)4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A.Thewriter’selderdaughterisoldenoughtoreadquietlybyherself.B.The“doublereduction”policyiseffective.C.Thewriter’schildrenlearnballetandchessonSundaysnow.D.Weekendsaremorerelaxingforparentsbecauseofthe“doublereduction”policy.CD(

)5.Whatmightbethewriter’sattitudetowardsthepolicy?A.Supportive. B.Disapproving.C.Doubtful. D.Unsure.AE(2022·昆明)For16-year-oldMaYifei,theviolinperformanceoftheBeijing2022ParalympicWinterGamesthemesong,“Snowflakes”,washerbestpresentforParalympiansallovertheworld.Eventhoughsnowflakesarerelatedtowinter,sheletothersfeelwarmth,hopeandlightthroughherperformance.“I’malsodisabledandIwanttodosomethingforthemwithmymusic,”saidMa.Mawentblindattheageoftwobecauseofanillness.Shebecameinterestedinmusicwhenshewasyoung.Shestartedtolearntoplaythepianoatfiveandtheviolinatnine,experiencingthe“colourful”musicthroughsoundandemotion.Ma’smotherHaChunyan,aformermusicteacherinaprimaryschool,helpedhermemorizethemusicscore(乐谱)beforesheplayedthepiano.Macouldnotseethekeysandalwaysplayedthewrongnotes.Ittookherthousandsoftriestoplayapiececorrectly.Learningtheviolinwasmorechallenging.Maneededtofeeltheteacher’shands,armsandbacktolearnthemovements,andlistentothestrings(弦)overandoveragaintofeelthemuscles(肌肉)herself.“Afterthreeyearsoflearning,shestillcouldnotmakeanysoundexceptterriblenoises,”saidHa,whoadvisedherdaughtertogiveuptheviolin.ButMasaid,“AsI’vebeenpractisingsolong,it’shardtogiveup.IbelieveIwillplaybetterifIpersistinpractising.”

In2018,MagotachancetofollowfamousmusiciansfromtheCentralConservatoryofMusictostudymusicinBeijing.SheleftherhomeinNingxiatofollowhermusicaldream,thoughsheknewtherewouldbemorechallengesahead.Maexpressedherexcitementaboutperformingatthebigevent.“Allmyhardworkhaspaidoff.I’mproudofstandingonstagetoday.”(

)1.Theviolinperformancemadepeoplefeel

.

A.regret,hopeandlight

B.fear,warmthandhopeC.warmth,hopeandlight

D.pity,warmthandlight(

)2.HowdoesthewriterdescribeMa’sdifficultiesinlearningtheviolin?A.Byquestioning.

B.Bylistingnumber