中考英语二轮复习题型突破课件：题型四+词汇运用

题型四词汇运用第一节方框选词

方框选词为2023年盐城地区的新题型,其具体考查情况如下:1.文体及话题:文体为记叙文、议论文或说明文,话题主要涉及事物介绍、人物故事、科普知识等。2.词数:一般220词左右(不含选项),生词一般不超过2个,在文中给出中文注释。3.设题形式:1篇文章分两部分,各设5小题,每个方框中有5个备选项,共8个单词,2个短语(尽量每个方框各含1个短语)。1.研究所给选项,了解选项特点。在做此类题时,不要急于看文章,首先研究几遍备选的词汇,对词性作简单的标记,例如:名词—n.,动词—v.,形容词—adj.,副词—adv.等等。同时对给出的单词或短语的含义做初步的理解。2.抓住关键,初定答案。根据文章所给提示,通过思考,借助文中关键信息,认真观察选项,仔细推敲,逐项选定。分析空格词在句中的成分、前后关系和它所起的作用,填上可以确定的答案,缩小备选项的范围。3.瞻前顾后,考虑周全。在选定单词后,不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中,需要瞻前顾后,既要符合本句的含义,又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时,要考虑是否要把它变成复数或所有格形式或是否需要变成形容词;在遇到动词时,要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化。4.通读全文,复核校对。完成填词后,应通读全文,复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确,是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误,以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时,切勿错位。

(2023·盐城)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整,每词限用一次。Donnaisaprimaryschoolstudentwholovesplayingwithlittleanimals.Oneday,onherwaytoschool,shesawahomelesscatsittinginabox.1.

thecatsawDonna,itjumpedoutoftheboxandbegantomiaow.Thecatwas2.

cutethatDonnacouldn’thelpbutstartplayingwithit.

long

when

so

schoolbag

forawhileThe3.

Donnaplayedwiththecat,themoreshelikedit.ThecatseemedtoloveDonnatooandfollowedheralongtheway.Donnalookedatthecutecat,thought4.

anddecidedtotakethecattoschoolwithher.Sheputthecatinher5.

andheadedforschool.

AfterDonnaarrivedatschool,shequietlywalkedintotheclassroom.Sheopenedherbagto6.

hertextbooks.However,thecatjumpedaround

catch

even

possible

takeoutoutoftheschoolbagandstartedrunning7.

theclassroom.Itclimbedontoadesk,hidunderachair,and8.

jumpedontotheteacher’sdesk.

Justatthatmoment,theteachersteppedintotheclassroom.She9.

thecatgentlyandtoldDonnathatanimalswerenotallowedatschool.Sheadvisedhertotakeithomeortotheanimalcentreif10.

.Donnasmiledsweetlyandfollowedherteacher’swords.Whataniceday![例题解析]1.When句意:当猫看到唐娜时,它跳出盒子,开始喵喵叫。when引导时间状语从句。2.so句意:这只猫太可爱了以至于唐娜忍不住开始和它玩起来。“so...that...”引导结果状语从句。3.longer句意:唐娜和猫玩得越久,她就越喜欢它。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……越……”。4.forawhile句意:唐娜看着这只可爱的猫,想了一会儿,决定带这只猫和她去学校。5.schoolbag根据下文中headedforschool可推知,此处是指把猫放进书包。6.takeout句意:她打开书包拿出她的课本。7.around根据句意可知,猫从书包里跳出来,开始在教室里跑来跑去。8.even句意:它爬上桌子,躲在椅子下面,甚至跳到讲桌上。even意为“甚至”,符合句意。9.caught根据上文可知猫跳出了书包,此刻老师抓住了猫。故填caught。10.possible句意:她建议她把它带回家,或者如果可能的话,带到动物中心。ifpossible是固定搭配,意为“如果可能的话”。第二节首字母填空

首字母填空为盐城地区的常考题型,其具体考查情况如下:1.文体及话题:文体以应用文或记叙文为主,话题可为人物/事物介绍、学习教育、咨询建议等,2019年和2020年均为应用文,2021年是说明文,2022年是记叙文。2.词数:文章篇幅较短,一般在200词左右,无生难词。3.题数及考查特点:10题,以考查名词、动词和形容词为主,首句不设空。1.通览全文,了解大意。解题时先越过空格,通读全文,了解文章的大意。注意通读全文时要一气呵成,只要能了解短文的大意即可,细节不理解可以跳过。要理顺题意,找出信息词。2.复读短文抓信息,前后照应巧猜词。在了解文章大意的前提下再次通读短文,根据上下文的语境来确定词义,再根据构词知识分析其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性及其正确形式。3.三读短文,验证答案。答完题后,再认真读一遍,检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符,文章是否通顺,前后是否呼应,有无句型结构及语法错误。(2023·盐城)根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使其意思完整。FuTinglostherrightarminanaccidentwhenshewas3.Atthe1.a

of13,shewenttoasportsschoolinXiangtan,HunanProvince.Shebeganswimming2.t

there.FuTingtookpartinAthens2004ParalympicGamesandotherevents3.d

heryearsasanathlete,andwon18goldmedals.

Afterretiringin2004,FuTingdecidedto4.e

auniversitytostudylaw.Throughhardwork,shegraduatedandworkedasalawyer.In2017,FuTingsetupaservicegroup,5.p

freelegal(法律的)helpforthedisabled.Atthe6.s

time,shealsojoinedavolunteergroup,sharingherlifestoriesinprimaryandsecondaryschools,givinglegalspeechesincommunities,inordertoencouragemorepeopletohelpthosedisabledpeoplein7.n

.

“Whenwemeetthedisabled,weshouldfirst‘respect’and8.t

‘help’,”FuTingsaid.“I’m9.h

tohelpthemwithmyownexperienceandknowledge.AndIhopetheycanhelpmake10.o

countrybetter.IbelieveIwillkeepondoingthat.”

[例题解析]1.age

attheageof是固定短语,意为“在……岁时”。2.training根据上文扶婷在一所体育学校上学可推知,她在那儿进行游泳训练,故填training。3.during句意:在她作为运动员的那些年里,扶婷参加了2004年雅典残奥会和其他赛事并赢得了18枚金牌。during意为“在……期间”,符合句意。4.enter句意:2004年退役后,扶婷决定进入大学学习法律。5.providing句意:2017年扶婷成立了一个服务组,为残疾人提供免费的法律帮助。providesth.forsb.是固定短语,此处应是现在分词短语作状语,故填providing。6.same

atthesametime是固定短语,意为“同时”。7.need根据语境可知,此处表示帮助那些有需要的残疾人。inneed是固定短语,修饰people。8.then根据语境可知,此处指应该先“尊重”,然后“帮助”,故应填then。9.happy此处指扶婷很乐意用她自己的经验和知识来帮助那些残疾人。happy符合句意。10.our此处指扶婷希望他们能让我们的国家变得更好。形容词性物主代词our修饰名词country。课后练习第一节方框选词阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整,每词限用一次。ATheweatherisgettinghotter.Youarethirstyafterplayingbasketballorridinghomefromschool.Cold1.

appeartobeenjoyable.Butyoumust2.

whatyouaredrinking.Somethingthatlookscoolmaynotbegoodforyourhealth.

be

love

careabout

play

drinkdrinkscareaboutThere3.

plentyof“energydrinks”onthemarket.Mostofthemhavebeautifulcoloursandcoolnames.Thelabelsonthemtellyoutheyaregoodforyourhealth.Itsoundsgreattoyou,doesn’tit?Butafteracarefulcheckyoumayfindthatmostenergydrinkshavelotsofcaffeine(咖啡因)inthem.Thesedrinksareespecially4.

bystudents,busypeopleandsports5.

.

Producerssometimessay6.

drinksmakeyoubetteratsportsandcankeepyouawake.Becarefulnottodrinktoomuch.Caffeinearelovedplayersbeat

science

atleast

they

sleeptheirmakesyourheart7.

fast.Becauseofthis,theInternationalOlympicCommitteehaslimited(限制)itsuse.Caffeineinmostenergydrinksis8.

asstrongasthatinacupofcoffeeortea.Somedangerstohealthhavesomethingtodowithenergydrinks.Justonebottleoftheenergydrinkcanmakeyoufeelnervousandhavedifficulty9.

andcanevencauseheartproblems.10.

saythatteenagersshouldbediscouragedfromhavingdrinkswithalotofcaffeineinthem.

beatatleastsleepingScientistsBWhenyouseequiteabeautifulgirlonthestreet,whichwordwillyouusetodescribethe1.

ofher?InChina,wemayusetheseChineseidioms,suchasChenyuluoyanorBiyuexiuhua.However,doyouknowwheretheidioms2.

?

InancientChinesehistory,therewerefourwell-knownbeautiesnamedXishi,WangZhaojun,DiaochanandYangYuhuan.Herearetwo3.

aboutXishiandWangZhaojun.

go

quick

comefrom

beautiful

storybeautycamefromstoriesXishilivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Oneday,she4.

toarivertowashsilkwithherfriends.Somefishwereswimmingintheclearwater.WhenthefishsawXishi,theyswamdowntothebottomoftheriver5.

.ThefishwereshockedbythebeautyofXishiandtheyfeltembarrassedabouttheirlooks.

WangZhaojunlivedduringtheHandynasty.Theemperorwantedto6.

hertomarryHuhanyeChanyu.Afewdayslater,whileWangwasonthewaywithagroupofguards,something7.

wentquicklysendinterest

girl

falldown

send

flyinterestinghappened.Therewasawildgoose8.

abovetheheadofWangZhaojun.ItwassoshockedbythebeautyofWangthatitevenforgottoflapwings.Thenit9.

intotheforest.

Nowadays,ifa10.

beautyisoverwhelming,wecansaysheistheonethat“canmakethefishsinkandthewildgoosefall”.

flyingfelldowngirl’sCTwitterBryanandhiswifeJessicaloveanimals.Whentheywerehelpingoutinalocalpetrescuestore,theymadefriendswithacat1.

Wyatt.Theydecidedtotakeithometomakeitfeelspecialand2.

.Wyattlikedtowatchbirdsfromthewindow.However,birdsseldomshow3.

duringthewintermonths,soBryan4.

anideatosolvethisproblem.He5.

forsomebirdvideosandshowedthemtoWyatt.Wyattlovedthevideosverymuch.

they

search

comeupwith

call

lovecalledlovedthemselvescameupwithsearchedInordertoletWyattlivemorecomfortably,Bryandecidedtogiveitsomethingmore—6.

ownbedroom.Afterlookingaroundtheirhouse,Bryanfoundthattheroof(屋顶)could7.

Wyatt’sroom.“Itwillbeaperfectplaceinourtinyhouse,”Bryansaid.

Bryanbuiltabedfrompiecesofwood.Afterthat,theypreparedsomeoldballsforWyatttoplaywith.Althoughtheyusedmostlyrecycled8.

,thesmallbedroomwastruly9.

.itsbechangedintomaterialsmaterial

happy

changeinto

it

wonderwonderfulItwasWyatt’spersonalbedroom.Wyattspentalotoftimethere.Wyattreallyenjoyeditasmuchasakidwhofinallygothisownbedroom.Now,Wyattisliving10.

withthecouple.

happilyDIfyouhaveonlyoneeye,willlifebefullofdarkness?1.

agirlispraisedbythousandsofnetizens.Apost-90steachertellsusheranswerwithherownlifeexperience—lifeisnotso2.

withoneeye.

ChenXiaotingwasborninasmallvillageinthewestpartofGuangdong.Attheageof9,herrighteyeballwasremoved3.

shehadaseriousillness.Butsheneverfeltself-abased(自卑的).Instead,she4.

veryhardandenteredheridealuniversity.Aftershegobackto

work

because

recent

difficultyRecentlydifficultbecauseworkedgraduated,shedecidedto5.

hersmallvillageandcontinuehercareerasateacherteachingHistory.

Kidsregard6.

asabigsisterandsometimestheyhavefunplayingtogether.Thenshebecomesthe“king”ofthekids.Shecaresaboutherstudents.Oncesheheardthatastudentsheusedtoteachdidn’tdowellinherstudies.She7.

andtravelledalongdistancetohelpher.

gobacktoherworriedalotsmile

our

worryalot

love

sheWhenstudentswereaskedwhethertheylikedMissChen,big8.

appearedontheirfaces.“Yes.Sheiskindandselfless,”theysaid.“MissChenisbeautifulandlovely,”saidoneboy.

“Ifyoudon’tknowme,youmightfeelsadaboutme.Butactually,lifeisaprocessofacceptingyourself,admiringyourselfand9.

yourself.Eventhoughtheremightbesomedefects(缺点),weshouldacceptthemandlove10.

.Inthisway,wecanliveabetterlife,”shesaid.smileslovingourselvesEForalongtime,peoplethoughtthattheoceanfloorwasaveryquietplace.Scientistswere1.

whentheyputamicrophone(麦克风)underwaterandheardallkindsofsounds.Thebottomoftheseaseemed2.

azoo!Itwasamazing!Thescientistswereunabletounderstandwhenthey3.

outthesesoundswerecomingfromfish.Somefishmakesoundsbygrinding(磨)theirteeth.4.

,theyhavesharperteeth.5.

makesoundswiththeairsacs(气囊)intheirbodies.

other

inthisway

surprise

find

likesurprisedlikefoundInthiswayOthers6.

fishmakethesesoundsissomewhatofamystery.Somescientiststhinkthatthefishusethesesounds7.

tooneanother.Mostpeoplebelievethatthesoundshavenomeaning.Butscientistshavefoundoutthatthedolphin(海豚)knowsthemeaningofsomesounds.Testsshowthatitisoneofthe8.

animalsinthesea.AtMarinelandofthePacific,itissaidthatdolphinshaveevenbeen9.

tosing.

Whytospeaksmartestspeak

why

beableto

teach

smarttaughtWemay10.

talkwiththedolphinandlearnmanysecretsoftheseasometimesoon.Itcouldbeanexcitingmomentwhenwefirstbegintofindoutwhatthosevoicesfromtheoceanflooraresaying.

beabletoFAsachild,IgotangryquiteeasilyandIwasnotgoodatcommunicatingwithothers.Istillrememberitwasanearlyautumn.Some1.

startedtoturnyellowandtheweatherbecamecool.Oneday,asIwasgettingreadyforschool,mymothercarelesslyhandedmemyfather’svest(背心)2.

mine.Atthattime,Iwasgettingtohavea3.

sizethanmyfather,sowhenIputonthevest,IfeltasifIwasn’tabletoinsteadof

make

large

leaf

thinkleavesinsteadoflargerbreathe!Irealizedthatitwasasmallmistakewhich4.

bymymother,butsomehowthebreathlessfeelingwassostrongthatitmademeveryangry.Mymothersaidsorrywithasmile,butIshoutedatherwithout5.

much.ItookitoffmybodysowildlythatImadeaholeinit.Iputonmyownvestandrushedoutofthehousebeforemymothercouldstopme.

Later,mymothersharedherbad6.

withmyfather.“Seewhatyoursonhasdone,”shesaid.Insteadofsayinghewouldscoldor

wasmadethinkingfeeling(s)give

ofcourse

try

quiet

feelbeatme,myfather7.

mendedthevest.

Laterwhenmymothertoldmeaboutmyfather’sresponse,Ifeltashamed(惭愧的)ofmybadbehaviour.Myfather’sgentlekindness8.

mealessonwhichIwouldneverforget.

Onthatday,Idecidednottoletangercontrolmeanylonger.9.

,therearetimeswhenIamangry.However,wheneverthathappens,Iwill10.

toremembermyfather’svest.Italwaysremindsmetothinkaboutothers’feelingswhenIgetangry.

quietlygaveOfcoursetry第二节首字母填空根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使其意思完整。A(2022·扬州市仪征市模拟)Everymorning,theyoungFishermanwentoutonthesea.Hethrewhisnetintothewater.Whenthewindblewfromtheland,hecould1.h

catchmanyfish.Butwhenthewindblewfromthesea,hecaughtlotsoffishandsold2.t

atthemarket.

OneeveningtheFisherman’snetwasvery3.h

.Hethought,“Areallthefishintheseainmynet?Oristhereamonsterinmynet?”Hepulledandpulledhisnet.Finally,he4.s

inpullinghisnetoutofardlyhemeavyucceededthesea.Therewerenofishormonstersinhisnet.5.B

therewasalittleMermaidandshewassleeping.TheMermaid’shairwasgolden.Herbodywaswhite.Hertailwaslikesilverandpearls.Herearswerelikeseashells.Her6.b

madetheFishermanveryhappy.HetooktheMermaidinhisarms.Shewokeupwhenhetouchedher.

“Pleasefreeme,”theMermaidcried.“IamtheonlydaughteroftheKing.Myfatherisoldandalone.”“7.I

youmakeapromisetome,”saidtheFisherman,“Icanfreeyou.ButpleasecomewhenIcallyou.Youcansingtomeandtothefish.Thenmynetcanalwaysbe8.f

withfish.”

uteautyfilled“Ipromise,”criedtheMermaid.TheFishermanopenedhisarmsandfreedthefrightenedMermaid.Sheswamdown9.u

thewater.

EveryeveningtheFishermanwentoutonthesea.EverytimehecalledtheMermaid,shewouldappearand10.s

tohim.TheMermaidsangabeautifulsong.Shesangandsang.Allthefishcamefromthebottomofthesea.Hisnetsandboatwerefulloffish.ThentheMermaidstoppedsinging.ShesmiledattheFishermanandswambackunderthesea.

—TakenfromThe

Fisherman

and

His

SoulnderingBSometimes,werememberourchildhoodneighbourhoodaswellas,orevenbetterthan,ourchildhoodhomes.Forbothchildrenandadults,neighbourhoodsarea1.p

toplay,learn,andmakememories.

InthemajorityoftheUSsuburbs,2.a

everyoneintheblockknowseachother.Cominghometogetheronthebusisusuallyjustthe3.b

ofneighbouringchildrenspendingtimetogether.Whileplayingsoccerorrunningaftereachotheraroundonbikes,kidscanenjoythelacelmosteginningsunlightandfreshairoutside.Whenit’shot,childrencanswiminapooltogether.Andwhenit’s4.s

,theycanhavesnowballfightswithoneanother.

Adultsalsotakeadvantageof5.l

inacommunitybytakingcareoftheirneighbours.It’sconvenientforneighbourstobecomefriendsbecausetheylivesoclose.

Ifsomeoneholdsaparty,neighboursmightlendsomespacefor6.g

toparktheircarsin.Andifapostman7.m

upthenowyivinguestsixesmail,neighboursarewillingtoreturnittoitsrightfulowner.Havingkindandcaringneighbourscanmakealotofdifferenceinwhatapersonthinksabouthishome.Tosomepeople,ahomemaynotonlybe8.j

thehousetheylivein,butalsobethecommunitytheyarepartof.Neighbourhoods,justlikehomes,comeinallshapesand9.s

.Someneighbourhoodsmayhavemorethan100people,while10.o

mayonlyhaveafewpeople.Butwhateverthesizeis,neighbourhoodscanbeapowerfulandmemorablepartofourlives,filledwithneighbourswe’llalwaysremember.

ustizesthersCMysisterfinishedhighschooltwoweeksago.Asaspecial1.g

,ourparentstookustoIndia.Lastweekendwasinterestingbutscary.

Wewent2.c

inasmallvillageinIndia.First,wetookalongbusridetoalakeinthecountryside.Therewe3.p

upourtentsandmadeafire.Onthefirstnight,wejustsat4.u

theMoonandtoldeachotherstories.ButIwasso5.t

thatIwenttosleepearly.

Thenextmorning,mysisterandIgotaterriblesurprise.Whenweiftampingutnderiredlookedoutofourtent,wefoundabigsnakesleepingnearthefire.IwassoscaredthatIcouldn’t6.m

.Weshoutedtoourparentstoletthem7.k

aboutthedanger.Mydadstartedtojumpupand8.d

intheirtent.Thiswokethesnakeupanditmovedintotheforestnearthelake.Mydadtoldmelaterthatsnakesdon’thaveears9.b

canfeelthingsmoving.Healsotoldmeitwas10.i

nottogonearasnake.Thiswasaveryusefullessonforme.

ovenowownutmportantD(2022·镇江模拟)Accordingtoresearch,morethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgoestowasteinLaura’scountryeachyear.Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsupply(供应).Itisasadfact,1.e

whenyouthinkabouthowmanyfamiliesandhomelesspeopleareinhunger.

WhenLaurasawworkersofherschool’sdininghallthrowawayfoodthatwasnoteatenatalleveryday,shecameupwithan2.i

.Shestartedaprojecttohelpherschooldininghalltogiveawayuneatenfoodtospeciallydeahomelesssheltersinhercommunity.Inthepastthreeyears,thesameprojecthas3.s

tootherschoolsandsomefastfoodrestaurantsacrossthecity.Theprojecthasalreadyfed4.t

ofpeopleinhercity.

Howdoesitwork?Byusinganapp,it5.m

localshelterswithschooldininghallsandrestaurantsthathaveuneatenfoodtoprovide.Whenschooldininghallsorrestaurantshaveuneatenfood6.l

,theycanusetheapptosharetheinformationaboutthefood.Atruckdriver7.w

fortheprojectisthensenttopickitupandtakeittoashelter.

preadhousandsatcheseftorkingPrettycool,right?It’snotsurprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaura,hopingthatshecouldhelpdevelop8.s

projectsfortheircommunities.Butsomepeoplehaveconcernsaboutthesafetyoftheuneatenfood.Theythinksuchfoodmaynotbe9.c

enough.10.H

,Laurathinksthisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandthatithelpsthoseinneed.

imilarleanoweverE(2022·武汉)EricGreenhasalwayswonderedaboutthingsthatliveintheocean.Whenhewas1.y

,helovedtoswim.Helikedtowatchallkindsofunderwateranimalsandplantsthroughhismask(面罩).Whenhegrewup,hewantedto2.l

fornewthingsintheocean.

Today,MrGreenisamarineecologist(海洋生态学家).Hestudieshowunderwateranimalsandplantsconnectwitheachotherandneedeachothertostay3.a

.

oungookliveMrGreenstudiescoralreefs(珊瑚礁)inthePacificOcean.Acoralreefislikeabigunderwater4.t

.Thousandsofanimalsandplantslivethere.Theycompeteforfoodandspacethere.Asa5.r

,thebeautifulcoralreefsgetinjuredeasily.

MrGreenalsostudieshowpeople’sactionscanchangecoralreefs.Sometimespeoplepollutethewateroroverfish,sothe6.w

thatalllivingthingsarejoinedtogetherhasbeenchanged.Ifcoralreefsgethurt,manyanim