一年级下册《整十数加一位数及相应的减法练习》

一年级下册《整十数加一位数及相应的减法练习》1SpringFestivalTravelSeason(ChunYun)SpringFestivalTravelSeason(2ChunyuninChinaisknownasthelargestandperiodichumanmigrationinhumanhistory.

中国的“春运”被誉为人类历史上规模最大的、周期性的人类大迁徙。

SpringFestivalstartedonJan23in2012,withthepublicholidayrunningfromJan22to28,Chinesepeopletendedtoreturnhomeforfamilyunionsduringthisperiod.

（2012年的春节从1月23日开始，22号到28号是公休假期，中国人在这期间会回家团聚。）Thistravelpeakwasexpectedtoputthecountry'stransportsystemthroughaharshtest,astotaltrafficfromJan8toFeb16wassettogrowby9.1percentonthe2.9billiontripstakenin2011.

ChunyuninChinaisknownast3OriginItisalong-heldculturalbeliefformostChinesepeoplethatChineseNewYearisatimetoreunitewiththefamily.PeoplecomehomefromworkandstudyandhavetheimportantdinnerwiththeirfamiliesonNewYear'seve.Thecelebrationlastsfifteendays,althoughthegovernmentonlysanctionssevenofthesedaystobeholidays,anditendswiththeLanternFestival.ManyChineseprefertoreturnhomeearlierandreturnworkaftertheendoftheofficialholiday.

OriginItisalong-heldcultur4SincetheChineseeconomicreformsofthelate1970‘s,neweconomicopportunities

haveemergedoutsideofpeople’sancestralhomesteads,asignificantincreaseoccurredintheamountoffloatingpopulationaroundthecountry.

Amassivemigrationalsooccurredwithruralpopulationmovingtoboomingurbanareas.

(为谋求经济，有非常多的人从经济欠发达的地区到经济较发达地区就业，造成了人力的大量流动。这些离开家去外地就业的人员在春节前后集中返乡过年，即成为春运运输的主要人群。）SincetheChineseeconomicref5Inaddition,Chineseeducationreformshaveincreasedthenumberofuniversitystudents,whooftenstudyoutsidetheirhometown.TheSpringFestivalholidayperiodfallsappropriatelyinthesametimeframeastheirwintervacation.

(此外，这段时间是高等院校放寒假时期，多数学校在春节前两到三周开始放假，在正月十五左右开学，因此在外地就读的学生返家也构成了春运运输的另一主要人群。)Inaddition,Chineseeducation6ThePhenomenaDuringChunyun一票难求（Hardtogetaticket）打击票贩子（crackdownonscalpers）ThePhenomenaDuringChunyun一票7ThePhenomenaDuringChunyun候车无望（Longtimewaiting）拥挤的过道（Acrowdedaisle）ThePhenomenaDuringChunyun候车8ThePhenomenaDuringChunyun交通拥堵（TrafficJam)心酸过后的喜悦（reunion）ThePhenomenaDuringChunyun交通9Impactontransportationsystemsandrelatedproblems

Significant

problemsalsoliewithChinesecurrentinter-citytransportationsystems.Therailwaynetworkisinsufficient

tohandletheamountofpassengers,anddoesnotreachenoughplaces.Thelocationsnotservedbyrailwaymustrelyonbustransport,whichfaceproblemssuchasinadequateequipmentandaninsufficientroadnetwork.（运输工具不足，列车加开）Impactontransportationsyste10Impactontransportationsystemsandrelatedproblems

MostChinesemiddle-classcitizenscannotreadilyaffordairtransport.International,urbanandwaterwaytransportationareslightlyaffected.

Theshortageofrailwayresourcesledmanypassengerstopaydoubleoreventriple-pricedticketsfromscalpersortowaitinqueuesforupwardsofadaystimeatrailwaystations.(车费上涨）Impactontransportationsyste11Solution?Solution?12HowtosolvethetransportduringtheSpringFestival?Whatdoesthegovernmentdo?Relevantauthority

usuallyissuecircularsduringtheperiod,demandingthatcoordinationmechanismsbeestablishedamongtransportationdepartments,differentlocalitiesandpolice,andthatcountermeasuresbemadeinplaceincaseofemergenciestoensureefficiencyandacompletesuccessduringthepeaktravelseason.

中国铁道部和国家发改委在此期间会下发各类通知，要求运输部门、地方各级部门、警察部门建立协调机制，制定各种措施应对紧急情况的发生，确保运输效率，保证高峰季节的运输得以顺利完成Howtosolvethetransportdur13Thenwhatcanwedo?1.Wecanchooseothertransportationvehiclessuchasplanesorwatertransport.2.WecanavoidpeaktimeduringChunyun,forexample,wecanreturnhomesomed