完整的语音课程

Phonetics

语音课程Lesson1英语音标共有48个，其中元音20个，辅音28个国内的英文字典里最常见的音标为英式发音的国际音标(DJ)和美式发音的KK音标音素：字母在单词中的读音（音标是其标写符号,“//”）音节：单词中有一个元音就有一个音节单词按照音节划分：单音节词，双音节词，多音节词英语中共有五个元音字母：a,e,i,o,u单音节词：由一个音节构成的单词。we重读开音节：

1.结尾3个字母以元音+辅音+不发音e构成。make

2.直接以元音字母结尾。she

重读闭音节：

元音字母后面加一个或若干个辅音字母（r除外）构成的音节。findExercise：区分一下单词是开音节词还是 闭音节词。Drink hi hat handPick rule by gateBack bad ice popBit joke ride heSize lamp apple bike双音节词:由两个音节构成的单词。hello

多音节词：由三个或者三个以上的音节构成的单词。grandfather音节的划分：1. 一个音节至少有一个元音字母或一个字母组合。 元音字母a，e，i，o，u，或半元音y；也可以是ea,er,ar,or,oi等字母组合。 re-fuse，un-com-for-ta-ble，jum-ping，a-void-ed，gar-lic，for-ty两音节处有两个辅音字组，则一个辅音字组属于前面音节，一个属于后面音节

let-ter

mem-ber

daugh-ter3. 两音节处只有一个辅音字组，若前面重读音节为长音，则属于后面一个音节；若重读音节的元音是短音，则属重读音节。

pa-per stu-dent mod-le

sev-en moth-er

字组：一个辅音或一个辅音字母组合就是一个字组辅音字母组合构成发音的辅音连缀，划分音节时，也不能将其

分开。例如：

ex-pli-cit,pre-scribe,in-struc-tion若是以字母-le结尾，并且辅音-le前面还有一个辅音字母，那么这个辅音字母通常划分在右边这个音节里。（发音时是一个音节）。如：

ta-ble,un-cle,mar-ble,peo-ple,hur-dle,sta-ble

注意：以-ckle结尾的单词例外。辅音字母-c不发音，所以辅音字母-ck划分在左边的音节里。 例如：pick-le,buck-le,sick-le前缀单独划为一个或一个以上的音节

dis-like in-ac-tive air-craft

加后缀时，后缀不影响其他音节的划分，单独划分音节 paint-er print-er

后缀-ed加在以-t或-d结尾的单词后面，发/-id/构成一个独立音节，其他情况下不构成独立音节。

pre-dict-ed test-ed passed worked

后缀是-es加在以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的单词后面，发/iz/构成独立音节，其他情况不构成独立音节。

pass-es box-es cats pigs Exercise：区分以下单词是单音节词， 双音节词还是多音节词。Heavy teacher likeCulture favorite palacePerson short captainPopular application hobbyYesterday responsibility curly元音字母Aa在单词中的发音重读开音节：/ei/Kate blade cake gamePlate snake face shake重读闭音节：/æ/That stand plan bandBlack lamp crab flathaveExtension:英语中常发/ei/的字母组合：ai: wait☆grain☆rain☆trainay: pay☆say☆stay☆mayey: they ☆hey☆obey ei(gh): eight☆rein☆weigh☆weightea: steak☆break☆greata: haste☆waste☆pastesayssaida在ste前Exercise:Readthefollowing.Words:tail△lady△payment△stamp△thanklack△away△lamb△mass△act△papermain△break△catch△snail△map△capfact△salary△carry△neighbor△matePhrases:sameway

arailwaystation

cameagainpayday

toactionandback

getmadSentences:Nopains,nogains.Apennysavedisapennygained.Hastemakeswaste.Callaspadeaspade.Afactisafact.Don’tletthecatoutofthebag.Handsomeisashandsomedoes.Lesson2元音字母Ee在单词中的发音重读开音节：/i:/Be she he weMe 重读闭音节：/e/Desk pet met tentWest check tell spellExtension:英语中常发/i:/的字母组合：ea: sea☆wheat☆beat☆eastee: see☆week☆need☆speedei: receive☆deceitie: piece☆field☆priestfriendly英语中常发/e/的字母组合ea: weather☆head☆heavy feather☆bread☆sweat wealth☆breath health

ea在d,lth,ther,th前，常发/e/Plosiveconsonants/p/(清辅音)pick☆peace☆pay☆top☆lip☆tape/b/(浊辅音)bat☆bake☆bell☆web☆cab☆bribe/sp/（重读音节需要浊化成对应的浊辅音）spend☆spring☆spider☆spotspade☆spin☆sportdebtreceiptReadforfun.Words:Pat—bat park—bark mop—mobcup—cub tap—tab pea—bePhrases:Thetopofthetube hopetostopAbigweb boughtabikeThebottomofthecup stepbystepSentences:Peterispickingplumsandapples.Therobberbrokeintothebank,butwascaughtbythepolice.Theblack-birdbroughtbackabeautifulbigwormforhisbabies.Good,better,best,neverletitrest;Tillgoodisbetter,andbetterbest.Abloke’sbackbikebrakeblockbroke.Exercise:Readthefollowing.Words:speech△sweat△sweet△bend△beeseem△fresh△bell△health△deadvest△cell△keep△heel△hell△sleetPhrases:ateamleader

theEastSeaFleetRedhead-dress

terribleweatherWetwithsweat

pressthebellReadforfun!FieldseedswheatWheatfeedssheepSheepmeetscheatCheatneedsmeatHeeatssheepSheseesfeetWekeepreadingSentences:Well,let’sgeteverythingready.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Alliswellthatendswell.Eastorwest,homeisbest.Doyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?Bettertodowellthantosaywell.Lesson3字母Ii在单词中的读音重读开音节/ai/Wide mile Friday likelyRide mike final silent重读闭音节/i/Sit kick miss richCity wish fish pillExtension:英语中常发/ai/的字母组合ie: tie☆pie☆lie☆dieei: neither☆eithery: by☆reply☆why☆flyi（非开音节）: sign☆find☆child☆light 重读音节末尾重读闭音节在gh,-gn,-ld,-nd前英语中字母或字母组合发/i/的情况a在非重读音节中;i,y在非重读闭音节中;ui部分单词orange☆army☆enemy☆besidebiscuit☆build☆circuit☆villageExercise:Words:Mighty△kindly△invite△divide△trybusy△belong△return△pretty△littlePhrases:Abitchilly

finishitquickly

whysighAbigclinic

timeandtide

rightsideSentences:Strikewhiletheironishot.Greatmindsthinkalike.Miketriedfivetimestogettheprize.Timasthinasapin.WhyisSisterLilysittingthereknittinginsilence?Lesson4字母Oo在单词中的发音开音节/əu/Broke rose go helloWoke joke coke hero重读闭音节/כ/Clock hotdog frog bottleCloth hotpot body boss Extension:英语中常发/əu/的字母组合o: most☆postcard☆old☆coldoa: coat☆boat☆goat☆goalou/ow: know☆row☆throw☆thougho在st,ld前非重读音节中ow也常发/əu/例如:yellow,window,elbowDon’tforgetus!Plateau,bureau英语中发/כ/的字母或字母组合a: want☆wash☆what☆swamp quality☆quantity☆qualification什么规律？a在wh,w,qu后Plosiveconsonants:/k/kind☆kick☆keepcake☆picture☆coat☆musiccock☆pocket☆black☆knock school☆headache☆chemistryc不在e,i/y前-ckchPlosiveconsonants:/g/bag☆garden☆go☆graceghost☆spaghettiguess☆guitar☆dialogue☆league LANGUAGEggu-,-guegh/sk/skate☆ski☆skip☆skin☆skirtschool☆sketch☆schedule☆scholarshipscore☆scare☆scale☆ScotlandExercises:Words:Told phone known lowSorry offer coffee copyQuality policy what modelPhrases:Aslowcoach abrokenbowlAholeinthecoat anoldsoldierAmodelhospital qualityandquantitySentences:Lotsandlotsofclocksandwatcheshavegonewrong.Arollingstonegathersnomoss.Asyousowyoushallmow.Littlestrokesfellgreatoaks./k//g/Exercises:king☆kept☆Kate☆cold☆costlock☆guard☆gate☆guide☆begbag☆league☆vague☆clockBag-back league-leakCountthecoins killtheduckGoodlucktoDickCutyourcoataccordingtoyourcloth.Takecareofthepenceandthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.Everycountryhasitscustoms.I’mbeginningtofeelhungry.Givemesomeeggsandabigjugofbeer.Lesson5字母Uu在单词中的发音重读开音节/ju:/Student excuse duty hugeUse cute fume pupil重读闭音节/Λ/Mug must number jumpLunch cut gun duckAttention: /u:/June JulyGlue influence flute LucyRuler rude rule rumorSuper superior(BrE) issueWhatisUafterinthe4groups?补充：在开音节中单词中发/ju://u:/的情况ewNew nephew knewuiannuityueavenuepursuecontinueew在j,l,r,ch后Flew chew jewelrythrewui在j,l,r,s后Juice fruitsluicesuitue在l,r后Blue glue clue 英语中发/u:/的字母组合（除以上几种情况）oo broom☆tooth☆school☆noodleou group☆soup☆througho whose☆lose☆move☆whooe shoe不在k,d前哦！但是food是特别的哦！英语单词中发/u/的情况u在部分单词中pull☆bull☆full☆push☆bushoul在重读音节中should☆could☆wouldoo在k,d前wood☆book☆cookFoot我也是短音/u/哦！单词中发/Λ/的字母或字母组合o在m,n,v,th前co_e☆mo_key☆glo_e☆mo__erou young☆country☆enough☆coupleoo blood☆floodExercises:Words:took

bullet

put

childhood

goodmoon

soon

true

food

ruleother

cover

double

touch

somenone

thunder

blood

music

reviewProduce

opportunity

shoe

spoonPhrases:anewschool whoseshoesausefulrule beautifulmusiclooksgood tooksomesugaragood-lookingman justforfunbloodforblood asuddenjumpatoughson afunnycoupleCut-cot rug-rag hut-hatCup-cap suck-sack full-foolPool-pull foot-food wood-wooedHelookslikeagoodcook.TryasIwould,Icoulddonothing.SoItookabroomandlefttheroom.Don’tlosetheopportunity.Asarule,theskiesareblueinJune.ItookmybookandlookedatitaslongasIcould.Yourspoonwon’tbeusefulfornoodles.Weshouldloveifwecouldgotothewood

Andlookforthecrookedmay,

Wherethecuckootookthewood-lark’snest

Andpushedhereggsaway.Tonguetwister:HowmuchwoodcouldChuckWoods'woodchuckchuck,ifChuckWoods'woodchuckcouldandwouldchuckwood?IfChuckWoods'woodchuckcouldandwouldchuckwood,howmuchwoodcouldandwouldChuckWoods'woodchuckchuck?ChuckWoods'woodchuckwouldchuck,hewould,asmuchashecould,andchuckasmuchwoodasanywoodchuckwould,ifawoodchuckcouldandwoodchuckwood.Lesson6Reviewlesson:Vowels:

/æ//e//i//ɔ//ʌ//ei//i://ai//əu//u://ju://u/Consonants:

/p//b//sp//k//g//sk/标出下列元音字母的音标Abigblackbugbitthebackofabigblackrat.Andthebigblackratbitthebackofthebigblackbug.Thenthebigblackbugbitthebigblackrat.Anditletthebigblackratjumpanddropblood.区别以下单词并朗读sheep-ship sleep-slip neat-knit

eel-ill bit-bite fill-fell

lip-lap hit-hot live-leave pan-pen I’ll-ill sad-said

bag-beg coat-cot note-nut

woke-wake lime-lamb bike-back

while-will write-rat wrong-ringReadforfun! Afoxkilledafatant.Tenants’brothersgotonabustokillthefox.Butabigdropstoppedtheirway.Tenantsleftthebus,andranontheirtrip.Theymetthefox,andgaveitagift.Thefoxcutthegift,whenabignetputitin.theantskilledthefoxandputitonadeskastheirsixmonths’lunchesandsuppers.Lesson7Learnedlongvowels:/i:/ /u:/New:/כ:/(BrE)/כr/(AmE)arwar☆wharf☆dwarf☆quarter☆quartzWhen?Afterw,wh,quor notafter/w/Examples: ________ _______ ________ _______ ore Examples: more score store before ________ _______

fortymorningordershortshoreboredal/כ:/small☆ball☆fall☆talk☆wall☆chalkal/כ:l/always☆also☆salt☆almostau/כ:/autumn☆daughter☆author☆naughtyaw/כ:/draw☆straw☆law☆saw☆awfulReadcarefully,andtrytofindsomedifferences.leave☆lock☆learn☆line☆lamemeal☆mill☆bell☆doll☆pull☆rulefield☆built☆milk☆help☆elbowcalm☆talk☆walk☆could☆shouldHigh-frequencywords:brought☆bought☆thought☆foughtboard☆broad☆soar☆roarfloor☆door☆course☆your☆fourExercises:Cock-cork chock-chalkNot-naught stock-stalkOdd-awed cot-caughtPridegoesbeforeafall.Georgesawasawhangingonthewall.Billhadbillboard

Billalsohadaboardbill

TheboardbillboredBill

SoBillsoldthebillboardtopayhisboardbill

AndtheboardbillnolongerboredBill. Onawarmmorning,ahawkwassoaringinthesky.Iwantedtotalktothehawk,butIwasnottallenough.Ihadtoorderthehawktofalldownonthefloor.Whilethehawkmoaned,‘‘Idon’tliketoberegardedasman’sfriend,althoughI’mahawk.’’Ithoughtandthought,andthenopenedthedoortoletthehawksoar.Iknewmore.Readforfun!Lesson8Learnedlongvowels:/i://u://כ:/Newone:/a:/Review:ar在w,wh,qu后的发音al的发音英语中发/a:/的字母或字母组合ar apartment☆garden☆guardal half☆palm☆calm☆behalfa usedbeforef,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st, th

Words:

after☆plant☆graph☆ask☆grasp

glass☆fast☆fatherDon’tforgetme!HEARTal在m,f前Exercises:pardon

regard

depart

chancelast

advance

rather

marchgarlic

participate

scarf

barkAlargeparcel abasketofbananasPasstheglass can’tdanceHard-hearted mastersofartsReadthesentences.Thepartystoppedathalfpastfive.Thepartisanfastenedtheparceltothebasket.Alargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard.FarmerBarnesisahardmanforabargain,butheisn’thard-hearted.Drawapicture. Abananaisinabasket.Abasketisinacar.Acarisinaclass.Aclassisinagarden.Agardenisinayard.Ayardisinafarm.Afarmisinastar.Singasong.Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhatyouare!Upabovetheworldsohigh,Likeadiamondinthesky;Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhatyouare!一闪一闪亮晶晶满天都是小星星挂在天上放光明好像许多小眼睛一闪一闪亮晶晶满天都是小星星

Plosiveconsonants:/t//d//t/:tip☆tool☆tune☆cart☆foot☆boot/d/:deep☆dark☆die☆date☆read☆ride/st/stand☆stamp☆star☆stairBet-bed late-laid feet-feedBrought-broad at-add eight-aidPronunciationinpastforms/t/ed在清辅音之后/p/,/k/,/f/,/s/,/ʃ/,/tʃ/ washed☆watched☆looked☆helped passed☆/d/ed在浊辅音和元音之后（除以上6个清辅音） lived☆listened☆played☆watered/id/ed在/t/,/d/后面 started☆wanted☆handed☆plantedReadthepastforms.polluted

predicted

dressedhappened

seemed

surprisedpushed

included

sharedmurdered

destroyed

pulledsupposed

copied

openedgraduated

shouted

arguedcalled

failed

returnedExercises:Tellthetime agoodfriendAredcart readthecardSomehotbread wentonfootThecartgotstuckinthemud.Toomanyteenagerstendtowastetheirtimewatchingtelevision.Dick’sdaughterDianadoesn’tlikedancing.Lesson9LearnedRisingdiphthongs: /ei//ai//əu/Newone:/au//כi/ou mouse☆mouth☆cloud☆south house☆round☆ground☆loudow crowd☆cow☆town☆how

crown☆vow☆brown☆mountain/auə/Flour☆flower☆power☆towerour☆hourDowntown aroundthehouseAbrowntower foundacowAthousandmountainsAroundtheflowerhouse/כi/oi boil☆join☆point☆voice☆avoidoy enjoy☆annoy☆Joyce☆oysterchoice

oil

spoil

loyal

royalAll-oil tall-toil corn-coinJaw-joy spoilthechoiceFricativeconsonants:/s/s sit☆see☆sleep☆sock☆super class☆glass☆pass☆grassc space☆price☆rice☆recite city☆circus☆celery☆cellc在i,e/y前c在两个元音中间/z/z zero☆zebra☆zip☆zoom☆prize zone☆realize☆recognizes please☆raise☆rise☆rose字母s在两个元音之间名词复数，第三人称单数和人称所有格在以/p/,/k/,/f/清辅音结尾的单词后， 读音/s/ cups☆cakes☆roofs☆proofs cliffs☆looks☆helps☆Jack’s在以/s/,/z/,/tʃ/,/dʒ/结尾的词后，读音/iz/

glasses☆classes☆matches☆watches bridges☆Alice’s☆Grace’s在以/t/,/d/结尾的单词后，读音/ts/,/dz/ hands☆beats☆meets☆cats☆kinds writes☆kids☆nods☆hates在其他情况下(元音和除上面提到的其他辅音)，读音/z/ knives☆lives☆tomatoes☆videos heroes☆days☆bags☆gamesNowteachmehowtoplough.Openyourmouthandroundyourlips.Roundandroundthehousewentthecrowd.Heshoutedlouderandloudertothecrowdgatheredaround.Hisonlywayofenjoyinghimselfistomakeanoise.Thespoiltboydestroyedthetoys.It’sajoytowatchtheboyplayingwithhistoys.Asoftvoice lostthekeysThesamehouse housesandhorsesThesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Samcollectshorse-grassesandallsortsofglasses.Sallyalwayssuffersfromsea-sicknesswhensheisatsea.Lesson10Learnedlongvowels:/i://u://כ://a:/Newone:/ə:/or word☆worker☆worse☆worker certainly☆term☆serviceir bird☆sir☆birth☆first☆girlur church☆nurse☆fur☆hurtear earth☆learn☆early☆heardAfterw重读/ə/a,e,i,o,u在非重读音节中

Christmas☆second☆autumn student☆holidayer,or在非重读音节中

worker☆teacher☆buyer☆doctor author☆tractor☆actor☆diverure structure☆picture☆figureExercises:Thefirstyear theGermanexpertLearntheworld adirtyshirtAnearlybird perfectserviceAlongtheriver thedoctor’sdaughterAnhourandahalf FromcovertocoverFirstcome,firstserved.Perfectservicedeservesanearnestandworthyreturn.Thegirlslearntworldhistoryinthefirstandthirdtermsattheuniversity.It’stheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.Myyoungerbrotherisadoctor.Pleasereturnthealarmclocktotheteacher.You’dbetterdoitfaster.Tonguetwister:Butterandsugarandeggsandflour,Beatthemagainforhalfanhour,Bakethecakeforanhourormore,Butyounevermustopentheovendoor.Fricativeconsonants:/θ//ð/th在通常情况下，读音/θ/thin☆thirty☆method☆thick☆throw在冠词，代词，介词，连词中，读音/ð/The☆these☆with☆than☆this☆that在词尾-the,-ther中clothe☆father☆mother☆breatheExercises:Words:theme☆thing☆thank☆thumb☆thirdbreath☆youth☆tooth☆worth☆deaththough☆their☆clothe☆they☆thoseBreath-breathe teeth-teetheNorth-northern south-southernAthousandthanks awealthybrotherNeitherfatherormotherThreethousandandthreeNorthandsouth mother’sclothesMyfatherandmotherwentthroughthickandthintogether.Theseclothesaren’tworthanything.HelefthisfatherandmotherandwentabroadwithhisbrotherArthur.Fricativeconsonants:/f//v//f/feet☆fit☆felt☆farm☆half☆lifeghtough☆laugh☆cough☆enoughphelephant☆photo☆telephone☆phrase/v/vveal☆have☆move☆love☆five☆vestLeave-leaf save-safeProve-proof vast-fastVery-ferry view-fewVeil-fail veal-feelLive-life van-fanVeryfast veryfine fineverseCovertheleaves anawfulviewAlovelyfigure savethesafeComevisitthelovelyvioletsThatliveinthevalleyhereTheloveliestvioletsyoueverhaveseenOverthehillsornearLesson11/iə/ere here☆mere☆sincereeer pioneer☆deer☆beerear hear☆dear☆near☆clear☆yearea really☆idea☆realize☆areaserious☆mysterious☆superiorPeriod☆zero☆heroNearthebeer hearthedeeraclearidea cheertheideaBeerisdear asinceretear aperiodoffear appearsuperiorSeriousandmysteriousIfearhecan’thearmeclearly.Dear,dear,beerisreallydear.She’sreallydearerthanadear.We’reneartheendoftheyear. Theaudiencecheeredandcried: “Hear,hear!”/eə/are care☆dare☆fare☆square☆stareear bear☆pear☆wear☆swearair air☆affair☆repair☆stair☆haireir their☆heirere there☆therefore☆whereprayer☆mayor☆parents☆variousshare

compare

scarcely

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