专升本英语语法虚拟语气讲解动词

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气1精品PPT·借鉴参考第一页，共二十二页。

英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2精品PPT·借鉴参考第二页，共二十二页。

定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。3精品PPT·借鉴参考第三页，共二十二页。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去时（were）Would/could/should/might+V.（原）过去过去完成时Would/could/should/might+have+p.p.未来1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.（原）一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法4精品PPT·借鉴参考第四页，共二十二页。1.IfIhadHIV,I

wouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.2.IfIwere

you,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.与现在事实相反与过去事实相反5精品PPT·借鉴参考第五页，共二十二页。5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.6.Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplaneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.与将来事实相反6精品PPT·借鉴参考第六页，共二十二页。二：虚拟语气特殊句型：Wish

的宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V.

1.IwishIwereabird.（现在）2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.（过去）3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.（将来）7精品PPT·借鉴参考第七页，共二十二页。PPT内容概述SubjunctiveMood。精品PPT·借鉴参考。英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。Would/could/should/might+V.（原）。Would/could/should/。might+have+p.p.。2.should+V.。would/could/。一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。would/could/might+V.。5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。7.Ifonly。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。Heavenhelphim。Mayyousucceed。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶第八页，共二十二页。2.Wouldratherthat现在：过去：未来：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时9精品PPT·借鉴参考第九页，共二十二页。3.asif/though+Clause

现在：过去：过去时过去完成时Helooksasifheweredrunk.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.10精品PPT·借鉴参考第十页，共二十二页。4.It’s(about/high)time+that---should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.11精品PPT·借鉴参考第十一页，共二十二页。5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。12精品PPT·借鉴参考第十二页，共二十二页。1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.2.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.3.Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.4.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.13精品PPT·借鉴参考第十三页，共二十二页。

以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire14精品PPT·借鉴参考第十四页，共二十二页。It’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.(主语从句)Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.(表语从句)Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.(同位语从句)15精品PPT·借鉴参考第十五页，共二十二页。6.without和butfor构成虚拟,butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.16精品PPT·借鉴参考第十六页，共二十二页。7.Ifonly…要是就好了

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！Ifonlyourparents

couldlivewithus!IfonlyI

hadn’tmissed

thetrain!17精品PPT·借鉴参考第十七页，共二十二页。8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.18精品PPT·借鉴参考第十八页，共二十二页。9.某些简单句的固定句型：

Heavenhelphim!Godblessyou!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!19精品PPT·借鉴参考第十九页，共二十二页。三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.20精品PPT·借鉴参考第二十页，共二十二页。2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.21精品PPT·借鉴