2023年高考英语新材料模拟卷（上海专用卷）（解析版）

2023年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷

（上海专用卷）

LListeningComprehensionSectionA（第1-10题，每题1分；第11-20题，每题分；共25分）

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswers

onyourpaper;anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Ataspecialparty.B.Atahair-dressingsalon.

C.Atanightclub.D.Atafashionshow.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Howwouldyoulikeyourhairtoday?Thesamestyleasusual?

W:IhaveaspecialpartytoattendtonightandI'dliketochangemystyle.

Q:Wheredoesthedialoguemostprobablyhappen?

2.A.Finland.B.Egypt.C.Mexico.D.Zambia.

【答案】D

【原文】W:Wherewouldyouprobablygoforthiscomingvacation?

M:Hmm.IthinkIwouldgotoSouthernAfrica.

Q:Whichofthefollowingcountrieswillthemanprobablygo?

3.A.Camping.B.Travelling.C.Sporting.D.Shopping.

【答案】A

【原文】M:You'reabsolutelyright.It'ssuchagoodescapefromeverydaylife.

W:Yes.Ilovesleepingoutside,cookingoveranopenfireandhearingallthenaturesounds.

Q:Whataretheymostprobablytalkingabout?

4.A.SheisalsoafanofArgentina.

B.Sheisalsoworkingveryhard.

C.ShelovesAmericanfootballsomuch.

D.SheworksfortheWorldCup.

【答案】B

【原文】M:I'msavingupmyvacationtimeatworksoIcangototheWorldCupnextyear.

W:Really?Metoo.Actually,I'manArgentinafan.

Q:Whydoesthewomansay“Metoo.”？

5.A.Shethrewsomethingatatruck.

B.Shethrewherselfoutofwindowandbrokeherleg.

C.Shemovedatrucktosavealittleboy.

D.Sherushedtoamovingtrucktosaveakid.

【答案】D

【原文】W:What?Sarabrokeherleg?Whathappened?

M:Well.Shethrewherselfinfrontofamovingtrucktosavealittleboyinthemiddleoftheroad.

Q:WhatdidSarado?

6.A.Theyplannedtogoskiingintherain.B.Theyjustwanttograbthechance.

C.Theywillprobablychangetheirmind.D.They'llgoskiingevenintherain.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Theweatherforecastsaidthatthereisachanceofraintomorrow.We'llstillgoskiing?

W:Maybeweshouldn'triskit.I'mnotsureIwanttogetstuckintherain.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthetalk?

7.A.Lisalikesthemessysituation.B.Lisamadethemess.

C.HeandLisaaresettlingaproblem.D.Lisalikesthenewplace.

【答案】D

【原文】W:Howareyousettlingin?

M:Oh,wearestillinabitofamess,butLisaseemstolikeithere.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

8.A.Theladyshouldstopbeingpatient.

B.Hecan'tunderstandthelady'sfeeling.

C.Theladyshouldnotblameothers.

D.Nobodymaybeinterestedinherproblem.

【答案】c

［原文】W:Youjustdon'tknowwhatIfeel!Everythingisgettingworse,becauseofhim.

M:Stopblamingotherpeople.Bepatient,andthinkpositively.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

9.A.CertaingiftfromHawaii.B.Agrandweddingparty.

C.TwoplaneticketstoHawaii.D.Apictureofthemoon.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Congratulations!Ifsabsolutelyagrandweddingparty.HaveyouopenedthegiftIgaveyou?

W:Yes.Thanksalot.Hawaiiisaniceplacefbrthehoneymoon.

Q:What'sprobablythegift?

10.A.Theywenttoseeamovie.B.Thedancersimpressedthemboth.

C.Thewomanisalsoadancer.D.Themaninvitedtheladytotheshow.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Whatafantasticperformance!Thankyouforinvitingmetothemusical.

W:Youarewelcome.Tinhappyyouenjoyedtheshow.Thedancerswereamazing.Itremindsmeofwhen

Iusedtodance.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillheasked

severalquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswerson

yourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.

Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingpassage

11.A.Asavingaccountinasinglename.B.Asavingaccountinjointnames.

C.Acheckingaccountinasinglename.D.Acheckingaccountinjointnames.

12.A.4.B.3.C.2.D.1.

13.A.Theladyandherbrothersorsisters.B.Thelady'sparents.

C.Theladyandherfather.D.Theladyandhermother.

14.A.Identificationpaper,photograph,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.

B.Identificationpaper,someclarifications,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.

C.Aletterofintroduction,photographs,acheckbookandsomemoney.

D.Drivinglicense,identificationpaper,photos,andaletterofintroduction.

【答案】U.B12.A13.C14.A

［原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.MayIcomein?

M:Goodmorning.Yes,please.Takeaseat.Iguessyouwanttoopenanaccount,right?

W:Yes.

M:Great!Whataccountdoyouwanttoopen,acheckingaccountorasavingsaccount?

W:Iwouldliketoopenasavingsaccountinyourbank.Whatistheprocedure?

M:Wouldyouliketoopenanaccountinasinglenameorinjointnames?

W:Iwouldliketoopenajointaccountwithmyfather.

M:Inthatcasebothofyouhavetopresentidentificationpapersandasetoftwophotographseach.

W:WoulditbealrightifIbroughtaphotocopyofmydrivinglicense?

M:Yes,thatwouldbefine.Infact,photocopiesofyourvoter'scardelectricitybill,ordrivinglicenseare

accepted.

W:Isthatallthatisrequired?

M:Justonemorerequirement.Weneedanintroductionbyanaccountholderofourbank.

W:FinePHgetthat.Justtwomoreclarifications,please.Whatistheminimumbankbalanceneededfor

openingtheaccountandwhatistheinterestrateonasavingsaccount?

M:Theminimumbalanceis$5(X)andweareofferinganinterestrateof3.5%onthesavingsaccount

thesedays.

W:Tilbebackwithallthestuffneeded.

M:Yes,onopeninganaccountwithuswewillgiveyouachequebookforwithdrawalsandapassbook

forkeepinganaccount.Bothyouandyourfathercanoperatetheaccount.

W:Thankyouforallthehelp.

M:Afriendlyandpromptcustomerserviceisourmotto.

Questions:

1.Whatkindofaccountdoestheladywanttoopen?

2.Howmanyphotosdoestheladyneedtoprepareforanewaccount?

3.Whomaywithdrawmoneyfromtheaccount?

4.Whatdoesapersonneedtoopenasavingsaccountinthisbank?

Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

15.A.Aircraftdesign.B.Mathematics.

C.Engineering.D.Science.

16.A.40.B.14.C.4.D.0.

17.A.Shestucktostudyingengineeringatcollege.

B.Sheaddressedtostudentsathighschoolsandcolleges.

C.Shetriedtopersuadewomennottodoengineeringforitshardwork.

D.Sheresearcheddefensesystemsofsatellitesandrockets.

【答案】15.B16.D17.B

【原文】M:MaryRosswasbornonAugust9,1908,inthestateofOklahoma.Herworkisconsidered

criticaltotheearlystagesofiheageofspacetravel.Rossshowedspecialabilitiesinmathandscience

fromanearlyage.Asastudent,shedevelopedaninterestinaviation,thepracticeofflyingaircraft.She

wentontoearnamaster'sdegreeinmathematicsfromColoradoStateTeachersCollege-nowcalledthe

UniversityofNorthernColorado.DuringWorldWarII,RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedAircraft

Corporationasamathematician.There,shewasurgedtocompleteworkinaircraftengineering.She

earnedaspecialcertificationinthefieldfromtheUniversityofCalifornia-LosAngelesin1949.Ross

waslaterchosentojoinLockheed'stop-secretSkunkWorksteamthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.The

namereferstoagroupthatispermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.Shewastheonly

femaleengineeramongtheteam's40members.Earlyon,sheresearcheddefensesystems.Bythelate

1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerocketscalledAgenda.Therocketswere

extremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollomoonprogram.RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.

ButshecontinuedtogivetalksathighschoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNative

Americanstostudyengineering.MaryRossdiedin2008,afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.

Questions:

1.InwhatmajordidRossgethermaster'sdegree?

2.HowmanyfemalecolleaguesdidRosshavewhenworkinginaLockheed'stop-secretteam?

3.WhatdidRossgoontodoafterherretirement?

Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

18.A.TheSouthAtlanticOcean.B.ThecoastofSouthAmerica.

C.Africancontinent.D.ThecoastofAngola.

19.A.Hestudiesthesimilaritiesbetweenancientandmodemanimals.

B.Hediscoverstheremainsofancientseaanimalsonthecoast.

C.HestudiesthecauseofseparationofSouthAmericaandAfrica.

D.Hehelpsdothearrangementoftheancientanimalremainsinamuseum.

20.A.Becausetheremainswereexposedonthecoast.

B.Becausetheseanimalsusedtoliveclosetoeachotherinoneplace.

C.Becausetheseanimalsweredriventooneplaceandkilled.

D.Becausetheseanimalswerealleatenbyonelarge,fierceancientseaanimal.

【答案】18.D19.D20.B

【原文】

Millionsofyearsago,manylarge,strange-lookingseacreatureslivedinwhatisnowtheSouth

AtlanticOcean.ScientistssaythecontinentsofSouthAmericaandAfricaseparatedmillionsofyearsago.

Asthishappened,theysay,manykindsofdangerousanimalsandotherlifeformssettledinthenewly

formedbodyofwateroffthecoastofAngola.

Today,scientistsarestudyingancientanimalremainsdiscoveredontheAngolancoast.Theyknew

therewouldberemainsinthearea,but“didn'tknowhowgoodtheywouldbe.^^

JacobsandateamofscientistsandstudentshelpedpreparetheremainstobeshownattheNational

MuseumofNaturalHistoryinWashington,D.C.Hesaidvisitorstothemuseumcanseethesimilarity

betweentheancientandmodernoceanenvironmentandanimals.

MichaelPolcyn,anotherresearcher,saysoneancientfish-eatinganimalhadalongnoseandteeth

similartothatofadolphin.Henotesthatvisitorscanseetheremainsoflarge,fierceanimals,aswellas

gentlercreatureslikeanancientgiantseaturtle.

“Wehaveaclearpictureofthismomentintime72millionyearsagothathaspreservedallofthese

animalsthatwerelivingtogetherinoneplace.”

Scientistssayalargerockfromspacehittheearthmillionsofyearsagoandkilledmostofthe

animals.

Questions:

1.Wherearescientistsstudyingtheancientanimalremains?

2.WhatdoesJacobsdo?

3.Whycouldscientistsfindsomanyancientanimalremains?

II.GrammarandVocabulary(每题1分；共20分)

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,Jillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

DiscoveringaBrother

KieronGrahamalwaysknewhehadanolderbrother.Hisadoptionpapers,signedand

sealedwhenhewasthreemonthsold,listedabrothernamedVincentbutnolastname.

ThoughKieronspentyears21(think)aboutVincent,hecouldnevertrackhimdown.

ThatchangedinDecember2017,22Kieron'sadoptiveparentsgavetheirfour

adoptedchildrenAncestryDNAtestsasChristmasgifts.Kieron,now21,senthissaliva(唾

液)sampleinforanalysis.Whenhisresultscameback,hewassurprisedtofindhehadsome

DNAmatchesforrelativeswho23(take)thetest,too.Mostweredistantconnections,

butonematchwassostrongthatit24(label)"closefamily59.HisnamewasVincent

Ghant.Kieronlookedforhimonlineandsoonmadeapossibleconnection.Thisisgoingto

soundsowild......butyouseem25(be)mybrother/9Kieronwroteontheinstant

messagingapp.

“Iwasgivenup26adoptionin1997anditsaysonmypaperworkthatmy

motherhasasonwithyournameandyourbirthdate.HernameisShawn.”

“OMGdoyouknowyourrealname?"wroteVincent,now30.

"1thinkitwasTyler."

“OMGYES!!!Youaremybrother/9

“Wow,"wroteKieron.

“Thisiscrazy."saidVincent.

Thecrazinesswasjustbeginning.Astheytalked,thebrothersrealizedtheylivedabout

20minutesfromeachother,outsideofAtlanta.Moremind-blowing,theyattendedthesame

universityandmajoredandminoredinthesamesubjects:politicalscienceandlegalstudies.

“Whataretheoddswe'reseparatedourentirelivesandthenendupatthesameschool

withthesameinterests?"saysKieron.

Nowthebrothershadthechancetomakeupforthe27(lose)time.Theydecided

tomeetatalocalteashopthatweek."IwasreallynervoussaysKieron.

“Iwaswondering28Ishouldsay.”Ashewaitedoutsidetheshop,heheard

someonecallhisname,andhesuddenlyfound29inahugwiththebrotherhe'd

thoughtabouthisentirelife.

Themenwentinsideandtalked.41Weconnected,"saysVincent,4430we

alreadykneweachother.”

【答案】

21.thinking22.when23.hadtaken24.waslabeled25.to

be26.for27.lost28.what29.himself30.asif/asthough

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是KieronGraham通过DNA测试找到他的同胞哥哥的故

事。

21.考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管Kieron花了数年时间考虑Vincent,但他始终没能找到他。结合

句意及空前的spentyears可知应填动名词形式thinking,spendtimedoing意为“花费时间做某事”，

固定搭配，用动名词作宾语。故填thinking。

22.考查定语从句。句意：2017年12月，情况发生了变化，Kieron的养父母把血统DNA测试作

为圣诞礼物送给了他们的四个养子。此处为定语从句，先行词为December2017,先行词在从句中

作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。

23.考查动词时态。句意：结果出来后，他惊讶地发现自己的一些DNA与参加过检测的亲戚相匹

配。空处是who定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意定语从句的动作发生在主句一般过去时的动作之

前，应用过去完成时。故填hadtaken。

24.考查动词时态和语态。句意：大多数都是远亲关系，但有一个匹配非常强大，以至于被贴上了

“近亲59”的标签。分析句子可知，空处是that引导的状语从句的谓语动词，根据语境，动作发生在

过去且从句主语it与label之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填labeled

25.考查动词不定式。句意：“这听起来很疯狂……但你好像是我哥哥，"Kieron在即时通讯软件上

写道。结合句意及空前的youseem可知应用不定式的形式，作宾语，sb.seemtodosth.意为“似乎要

做某事“，固定用法。故填tobe。

26.考查介词。句意：“1997年我被人收养了，我的文件上写着我妈妈有一个儿子，名字和出生日

期都和你一样。他叫肖恩。''结合句意此处应填介词for,foradoption意为“收养”，固定搭配。故填

for。

27.考查形容词。句意：现在兄弟俩有机会弥补失去的时间结合句意此处应填形容词形式lost“失

去的“，作定语，修饰名词time。故填lost。

28.考查名词性从句。句意：“我在想我该说些什么。''结合句意及空前的wondering可知此处为宾

语从句，从句动词say缺少宾语，指物，应用引导词what。故填what。

29.考查反身代词。句意：当他在商店外面等着的时候，他听到有人叫他的名字，他突然发现自己

拥抱了他一生都在思念的哥哥。结合句意及空前的hesuddenlyfound可知此处应填反身代词

himself,作found的宾语。故填himself。

30.考查状语从句。句意：男人们走进去聊天。“我们有联系，"Vincent,说，“就好像我们已经认

识对方一样J结合句意此处为状语从句，应用asif/asthough引导方式状语从句。故填asif/asthough。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonly

once.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.characteristicB.blameC.slaveD.acceptingE.orientedF.remaining

G.properlyH.behaviorsI.surpriseJ.resistK.consistently

AnAmericanresearcherwhostudied600millionairesfoundhowrichyoucanget

comesdownto6"wealthfactors'4.Shefoundthatsixbehaviorsarerelatedtonetworth

potential,regardlessofageorincome.Thesewerethriftiness,confidence,responsibility,

planning,focusandsocialindifference.Beingthriftycomesasno

great31."Spendingaboveyourmeans,spendinginsteadofsavingforretirement,

spendinginanticipationofbecomingwealthymakesyoua32tothepaycheck,

evenwithanastronomicallevelofincome/9shewrote.Toproperlybuildwealth,experts

recommendsaving20%yourincomeandlivingoffthe3380%.

Havingconfidenceisanotherkey34asithelpspeopletobethrifty.Ittakes

confidencetolivewithinyourmeans.Italsotakesconfidencetoinvest35.Instead

ofmakinginvestingdecisionswithyouremotions,financialplannersadvisethatyoushould

leaveyourinvestmentsaloneandfocusonalong-terminvestmentplan.

Butpeoplecan'tinvest-ormanagetheirownmoney-without36responsibility

fortheoutcomes.Manymillionairestakeonpersonalresponsibility-andmostalsohappen

tobeself-made,meaningtheydidn'tacquiretheirwealththroughluck.Millionairesdon't

countonanyoneelsetomakethemrich,andtheydon't37anyoneelseiftheyfall

short.Theyfocusonthingstheycancontrolandaligntheirdailyhabitstothegoalsthey

havesetforthemselves.Theytendtobegoal-38andhardworkers,whichenables

themtoplanfinanciallyandfocusonseeingthoseplansthrough.92%ofthemillionaires

surveyeddevelopedalong-termplanfortheirmoney,and97%almostalwaysachievedthe

goalstheysetforthemselves.

Anditisthese39thatmakeiteasyforthemtobesociallyindifferent.

They40lifestylecreep,thetendencytospendmorewheneveroneearnsmore.

Essentially,theydon'tyieldtopressuretobuythelatestthingortokeepupwithothersor

whattheyhaveacquired.Insteadofbeingfocusedonwhatmightmakethemhappytoday,

they'refocusedontheirlong-termwealth-buildingplan.

【答案】

31.I32.C33.F34.A35.G36.D37.B38.E39.H40.J

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了百万富翁们能获得财富归结为六个“财富因素”：节俭、自信、责

任、计划、专注和社会冷漠。

31.考查名词。句意：节俭并不令人感到意外。分析句子可知，空格处为介词as的宾语，应使用

名词表示"惊讶"，surprise符合句意。故选I项。

32.考查名词。句意：入不敷出，即支出而不是以期变得富有为退休支出而储蓄，会让你成为薪水

的奴隶。分析句子以及上文“Spendingaboveyourmeans''nJ知空格处为宾语补足语，表示“使你成为

奴隶”，应使用名词做宾语补足语，slave符合句意。故选C项。

33.考查形容词。句意：为了合理地积累财富，专家建议你应该把收入的20%存起来，剩下的80%

用来生活。根据上文“expertsrecommendsaving20%yourincome”可知，空格处表示的意思是“剩余

的收入“，remaining"剩下的"符合句意。故选F项。

34.考查名词。句意：自信是另一个重要的特征，因为它帮助人们变得节俭。根据第一段“Thesewere

thriftiness,confidence,responsibility,planning,focusandsocialindifference”可知，空格处讲的是“另一

个重要的特征"，characteristic符合句意。故选A项。

35.考查副词。句意:适当的投资也需要信心。根据下文“Insteadofmakinginvestingdecisionswithyour

emotions,financialplannersadvisethatyoushouldleaveyourinvestmentsaloneandfocusonalong-term

investmentplan”可知投资必须适当，空格处为副词用作状语修饰动词invest,properly符合句意。故

选G项。

36.考查动名词。句意：但如果不对结果负责，人们就无法投资或管理自己的资金。根据下文“Many

millionairestakeonpersonalresponsibility—andmostalsohappentobeself-made,meaningtheydidn't

acquiretheirwealththroughluck”可知，空格处表示"承担责任"acceptresponsibility作介词without的

宾语，应使用动名词形式。故选D项。

37.考查动词。句意：富翁不指望其他任何人让他们变富，如果他们没有变富，他们也不会责怪其

他任何人。根据上文“Millionairesdon'tcountonanyoneelsetomakethemrich”可知，百万富翁没有变

富也不会责怪其他任何人。空格处为“责怪”，blame符合句意•故选B项。

38.考查形容词。句意：他们往往以目标为导向，努力工作，这使他们能够制定财务计划并专注于

实现这些计划。分析句子可知，空格处为表语表示“以目标为导向的，目标明确的“，oriented”以……

为方向的''符合句意。故选E项。

39.考查名词。句意：正是这些行为让他们很容易对社交漠不关心。根据上文“Theytendtobe

goal-___8andhardworkers,whichenablesthemtoplanfinanciallyandfocusonseeingthoseplans

through”可知百万富翁专注于实现这些计划从而忽略了社交，空格处总结的是百万富翁们的专注的

行为，behaviors符合句意。故选H项。

40.考查动词。句意：他们抗拒生活方式的蠕变，即收入越高，支出就越多的倾向。根据下文“the

tendencytospendmorewheneveroneearnsmore”可知百万富翁们对这种生活方式是抵制的，空格处

为句子谓语部分表示“抵制”应使用动词resist,故选J项。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.C

andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext

Insummarisingthestateoftheplanet一risingpopulation,widespreadconflict,one-sixth

oftheplanetsufferingextremepovertyandhunger,globalwarming-JeffreySachs,author

of"TheCommonWealth,canpaintaterriblepicture.However,he'san41and

believesthatalloftheseproblemscanbeovercomeinrelativelystraightforwardwaysandat

relativelylittlecost.That'sbecausetherootcausesareinterconnectedand42

man-made.

Takechildmortality（死亡）.Perhapssurprisingly,thehigherthechildmortalityrateis,

thehigherthebirthrate.Thisleadstoa43populationwhichputsagreaterstress

onalreadyscarceresources,sofarmershavetoworkhardertoproduceenoughfoodforall,

whichmeanschildrenareoftenputtoworkinthefieldsorathome.This,44,

stopschildrengettingtheeducationwhichwillallowthemtoleam,amongotherthings,

aboutbetterfarmingtechniquestoincreasecropyieldsandprovidemorefoodtoeatandsell.

Sachsarguesthatthe45ofprovidingeverychildinpovertywithananti-mosquito

bednetisamajorfirststep.Malaria（疟疾）isahugecauseofdeathinchildrenandthebed

netsmassively46infections.Thefewerchildrenthatdieofmalaria,themore

secureparentsfeelabouttheirchildrensurviving.Themoresecureparentsfeel,thefewer

childrentheyhave,andsoon,revisingthe47trendjustdescribed.

However,itis48acombinationofmeasuresatthesametimethattrulymakes

adifference:freeschoolmealsimproveschoolattendanceandhealth;supplyingfertilisersto

improvesoilandbetterseedsprovidesevenbetterharvests;basichealthcareandcleanwater

supplies49morefataldiseases.

Theseideasarealreadybeing50implementedinover100Africanvillages

inunderdevelopedregions.Thecostoftheprojectisjust$10perpersonperyear,ofwhich

50%comesfromdonorsandtherestfromamixtureoflocalandnationalgovernmentsand

thevillagersthemselves.

Soifit'sso5j,whyhasn'titbeendonebefore?Whataboutalltheaidthat

hasbeengiventoAfricaandtheunderdevelopedcountriesoftheworld?Hasitbeenlostto

corruption（腐败）？Sachsarguesthattherealproblemisnotcorruption,butthefactthatrich

governmentshave52suchalot,butactuallygivensolittle.Theyagreedtogive

0.7%ofnationalincomeinaid,butonlyfivecountrieshavemetthat53.He

suggestscurrentaidis$24billionperyear,whichtranslatesasjusttendollarsper

person一notnearlyenoughtoimplementthe54measures.

SowhileSachsseesanopportunitytoendpovertyforever,healsoraisesan

55thatthiscouldbethelastchancewehave,'Thelongerwewait,thegreateris

thesufferingandthelargerthelong-termcosts?

41.A.economistB.optimistC.expertD.opponent

42.A.prospectivelyB.essentiallyC.thoughtfullyD.refreshingly

43.A.decliningB.globalC.boomingD.local

44.A.inturnB•bycontrastC.onendD.withcare

45.A.truthB.principleC.solutionD.statement

46.A.transmitB.specifyC.worsenD.reduce

47.A.downwardB•generalC.modemD.previous

48.A.describingB・reservingC.adoptingD.protesting

49.A.modifyB.intensifyC.preventD.locate

50.A.successfullyB•hesitantlyC.personallyD.worthlessly

51.A.popularB.simpleC.hardD.strange

52.A.spentB.promisedC.learnedD.featured

53.A.requirementB•conditionC.challengeD.target

54.A.restrictedB.standardizedC.requestedD.combined

55.A.alarmB•objectionC.amountD.instance

【答案】

41.B42.B43.C44.A45.C46.D47.A48.C49.C50.A51.B52

B53.D54.D55.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是《共同财富》•书的作者JeffreySachs认为当前的世界状况

可以使用简单且成本较低的方式解决，同时也指出/执行这一些列措施的过程中出现的问题，最后

也给人类发出警报：这是我们最后的机会啦。

41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他是一个乐观的人，并相信所有这些问题都可以以相对直接

的方式和相对较低的成本来解决。A.economisl经济学家；B.oplimisl乐观主义者；C.experl专家；

D.opponent对手。根据下文中的“…believesthatalloftheseproblemscanbeovercomeinrelatively

straightforwardwaysandatrelativelylittlecost.“可知，他认为可以通过简单且成本较低的方式解决这

-难题，由此可知，他是一个乐观的人。故选B项。

42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是因为根本原因是相互关联的，本质上是人为的。A.prospectively

预期地；B.essentially本质上；C.thoughtfully深思地；D.refreshingly清爽地。根据下文“Sachsargues

thattherealproblemisnotcorruption,butthefactthatrichgovernmentshave12suchalot,but

actuallygivensolittle.Theyagreedtogive0.7%ofnationalincomeinaid,butonlyfivecountrieshave

metthat13—.”以及全文语境可知，造成问题没有解决的本质是人为的原因。故选B项。

43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致人口激增，给本已稀缺的资源带来更大的压力，因此农民

必须更加努力地工作，为所有人生产足够的食物，这意味着儿童经常被安排在田间或家里工作。

A.declining衰退的；B.global全球的；C.booming繁荣的；D.local当地的。根据上文中的“Perhaps

surprisingly,thehigherthechildmortalityrateis,thehigherthebirthrate.“可知，死亡率越高，出生率就

越高，这就可以造成人口增长。故选C项。

44.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：反过来，这又阻碍了儿童接受教育，使他们能够学习更好的耕

作技术,以提高作物产量，提供更多的食物和销售。A.inturn转而;B.bycontrast相比之下;C.on

end连续地；D.withcare小心地。根据上文中的"…sofannershavetoworkhardertoproduceenough

foodforall,whichmeanschildrenareoftenputtoworkinthefieldsorathome.“可知，孩子们被安置在

田间或者是在家里工作，造成的结果是阻止了他们接受教育。故选A项。

45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sachs认为，为每个贫困儿童提供防蚊帐的解决方案是重要的第一

步。A.truth事实;B.principle原则；C.solution解决方法;D.statement陈述。根据上文中的“…that

alloftheseproblemscanbeovercomeinrelativelystraightforwardwaysandatrelativelylittlecost.“可

知，这是Sachs所提到的简单而又廉价的解决方法的第一步。故选C项。

46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：疟疾是儿童死亡的巨大原因，蚊帐大大减少了感染。4transmit转

换；B.specify明确指出；C.worsen使恶化；D.reduce减少。根据"thebednetsmassively”可知，蚊

帐大大减少了感染。故选D项。

47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母越有安全感，他们的孩子就越少，等等，从而改变了之前描

述的低迷趋势。A.downward向下的；B.general总体的；C.modern现代的；D.previous以前的。

根据上文中的"Perhapssurprisingly,thehigherthechildmortalityrateis,thehigherthebirthrat据可知,

死亡率越高，出生率就越高，反过来，孩子们死亡的少了，家长安全感增强了，出生率也随之下降。

故选A项。

48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它同时采取了一系列措施，真正起到了作用:免费校餐提高

了出勤率和健康水平;提供肥料来改善土壤，提供更好的种子带来更好的收成;基本保健和清洁水供

应防止了更多致命疾病。A.describing描写;B.reserving预约；C.adopting采纳，收养；D.protesting

抗议。根据下文列举的一些列措施，可知，此处指的是“采用”这一些措施才会产生一系列的效果。

故选C项。

49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它同时采取了一系列措施，真正起到了作用:免费校餐提高

了出勤率和健康水平;提供肥料来改善土壤，提供更好的种子带来更好的收成;基本保健和清洁水供

应防止了更多致命疾病。A.modify修改；B.intensify加剧，增强；C.prevent阻止;D.locate定位。

根据上文中“basichealthcareandcleanwatersupplies”并结合常识可知，基本的卫生保健和干净的水

应该是可以“预防”疟疾的发生。故