英语阅读与写作课件

UnitTwoWho’sAfraidofMathsAnyway?2MenuLeadInActivityStudyoftheTextStudyofWordsandPhrasesGrammarTipsPracticalWritingQuestion1.Ifyouhadachoice,wouldyouchoosetobeamanorawoman?whyorwhynot?2.Whydoboysachievemoreinscienceandmaths?1.ReadIn2.Paragraph1,Line1-53.Paragraph1,Line5-94.Paragraph25.Paragraph36.Paragraph47.Paragraph58.Paragraph6ReadInManypeoplebelievethatboysusuallydobetterinmathematicsandsciencesubjectsthangirlsHowever,fewpeoplebothertolookdeeperintotheissuetofindoutthereasonsbehindthisbelief.Whydoboysachievemoreinscienceandmathematics?Areboysreallybrighter?Oraregirlsbeingheldbackforonereasonoranother?翻译：许多人认为男孩在数学及理科方面通常比女孩强,然而,很少有人肯花功夫就此做更深入的调查以找出其中的原因.为什么男孩在理科及数学方面更有成就呢?是男孩真的要强一些,还是这样或那样的原因阻碍了女孩在这方面的发展.TEXTPara1,line1—5Scientistshavetriedtocomeupwithbiologicalexplanationsforthedifferencebetweenboysandgirls.However,nonewereconvincing

enoughtoexplainthegeneralpicture.Asonescientistpointsout,“Thereareslightgeneticdifferencesbetweenthesexesatbirthwhichmayinfluencethesubjectsboysandgirlschoose.翻译:科学家们一直谋略从生物学的角度来解释男孩女孩间的这种差异.但是,没有哪种解释足以令人信服地说明一般的情况.正如一位科学家指出的:“孩子出生时会影响其学科选择,他的遗传差异是微乎其微的.”Newwordsandphrases(1)Anyway:inanycase1.eg:Iknowyoudon’tlikeit,butIdon’tcare.Anyway,youcantry.我知道你不喜欢它,但我不介意,不管怎样你要试下.2.eg:Thankyouanyway.还是谢谢你.(2)Comeupwith:提出1.eg:Hecameupwithanewidea.他提出一个新的想法。2.eg:Theycameupwithagoodexcuseforbeinglateforthemeeting.他们为开会迟到提出了个好借口。(3)None(+ofsb./sth.)指前文的复数名词或代词；不可数名词或代词。1.不定代词。一个也没有Eg:Noneoftheguestswanttostay.Eg:Noneofthemhas(have)comeback.2.副词毫不,决不Eg:thesalarytheypaymeisnonetoohigh.3.nonebut只有Eg:Nonebutfoolshavebelieved.(4)Convincev.(+sbofsth)说服persuade1.eg:Shefailedtoconvincehimofhismistake.她无法使他明白他的错误.2.eg:Hemanagedtoconvincethejurythathewastellingthetruth.他决定使法官相信他说的是事实.Convincing:adj.令人信服的persuasiveConvincingargument(5)Enough:足够形容词/副词+enough+名词Eg:Heisfoolishenoughtotryitwithouthelp.Eg:enoughfood(6)Pointout:indicate指出Eg:Iwouldliketopointoutyourmistakes.我想指出你的错误.(7)Atbirth:出生时Bybirth:生来Eg:Heisanoblebybirth.(8)Influence:v.haveaneffecton影响1.eg:It’syourchoice,don’tletanyoneelseinfluenceyou.这是你的选择,不要让别人影响你.2.eg:Hisloveforourcountryinfluencedme.他对我们国家的爱影响着我.n.影响eg:Herwordshadastronginfluenceonhim.她的话对他有很强的影响.Para1.line5—9Butthedifficultyisthatbythetimechildrenreachschoolage,therearesomanyotherinfluencesthatitisalmostimpossibletotellwhethergirlsareworseatscienceandmaths,orwhetherthey’vebeenbroughtuptothinkofthesesubjectsasboys’‘territory’.”翻译:问题在于孩子到了上学年龄时,受其他因素的影响太多,以至我们无法搞清楚,女孩在理科和数学方面是本来就差呢,还是在她们成长的过程中被灌输了‘这些学科属于男孩领域’的思想.(9)bringup:raise,educatesb.养育eg:Marybroughtuphersononherown.玛丽亲手养育她的儿子.eg:JohnwasborninBeijingbutbroughtupinShanghai.约翰出生有北京但在上海被带大.(10)thinkof…as:regardas把…看作eg:Shethoughtofthegirlasherowndaughter.她把女孩看作自己的女儿.Para2,line10—16Statisticsshowthatinmathematics,atleast,girlsareequaltoboys.Arecentreportsuggeststhatgirlsonlystopstudyingmathematicsbecauseofsocialattitudes.Oneofthereport’sauthorssays,“Whileitissociallyunacceptableforpeoplenottobeabletoreadandwrite,itisstillacceptableforwomentosaythattheyare‘hopeless’atmaths.Ourresearchshowsthat,althoughgirlsgetmarkswhichareasgoodastheboys,theyhavenotbeenencouragedtodoso.”翻译:有统计数字表明,至少在数学方面,女孩和男孩的能力不相上下.最近一份报告显示,女孩子不愿继续学数学只是因为受到社会观念的影响.写这份报告的其中一位作者说:“文盲不能被社会所接受,而如果女性说她们对数学感到绝望,这种说法仍然是可以接受的.我们的研究表明,尽管女孩能得到和男孩一样好的分数,却没有人鼓励她们这样做.(11)becauseof:followedbyanoun,pronounorverbin–ingform,meaning“asaresultof”because:followedbyaclause,meaning“forthereasonthat”eg:Becauseoftherain,thesportsmeetingwasputofftillnextFriday.因为下雨,运动会延迟到下周五.eg:Janewaslateforworkbecausehercarbrokedown.简迟到是因为车子坏了.(12)as…as与…一样as+形容词/副词原级+asas+形+a+可数名词单数+aseg:Ourcountryisasbeautifulasyours.eg:Sheisascleverastudentasanyothers.(13)encourage:v.(+sb.todosth.)鼓励eg:Heencouragedmetoworkhardinschool.Para3.Theexplanationforthedifference,whichisapparentduringtheteenageyears,goesasfarbackasearlychildhoodexperiences.Fromtheirfirstdaysinnurseryschool,girlsarenotencouragedtoworkontheirownortocompletetasks,althoughboysare.Forexample,boysandnotgirls.areoftenaskedto“help”withrepairwork.Thisencouragementleadstoawayoflearninghowtosolveproblemslateroninlife.Evidenceshowsthatexceptionalmathematiciansandscientistsdidnothaveteacherswhosuppliedanswers:theyhadtofindoutforthemselves.翻译:要解释在少年时代十分明显的这一差异,可以追溯到童年时代初期的经历.从开始上幼儿园时起,就没有人鼓励女孩自己动手完成任务,而男孩却相反.例如,通常要求男孩,而不是女孩,帮助做一些修理工作,这样的鼓励使男孩学会了在以后的生活中如何解决问题.有证据表明那些杰出的数学家及科学家,他们的老师都不会为他们提供答案,他们得自己去寻求答案.(14)goback(to)追溯至eg:ThisfestivalgoesbacktoRomantimes.这个节日要追溯至罗马时代.(15)leadto:resultin导致eg:Toolittlerestoftenleadstoillness.太少的休息经常导致生病.eg:Hardworkleadstosuccess.努力工作会成功.(16)Onone’sown独立地Eg:Hedidhishomeworkonhisown.他自己做完作业.(17)Evidence:wordsorthingsthatprovesth.证据Eg:Therewasn’tenoughevidencetoprovehimguilty.没有足够的证据证明他有罪.(18)Exceptional:outstanding杰出的Eg:Theexceptionalplayerwonthechampionship.这个杰出的运动员赢得冠军.Eg:Thegirlhasexceptionalabilitiesasawriter.这个女孩有成为作家的杰出能力.(19)Supply:v.提供,供给Supplier:n.供应商Supply+sb.withsth.Supply+sth.tosbEg:supplypeoplewithgasSupplygastopeoplePara4.Afurtherreportonmathsteachingrevealsthatteachersseemtogivemoreattentiontoboysthantogirls.Mostteacherswhotookpartinthestudyclaimedthattheyexpecttheirmalestudentstodobetteratmathematicsandsciencesubjectsthantheirfemalestudents.Allofthistendstoencourageboystoworkharderinthesesubjects,andgivesthemconfidenceandconvincesthemthattheycansucceed.翻译:一份有关数学教学的报告表明,老师给予男孩的关注似乎比女孩多.参加研究的大多数老师声称,他们期望男生能在数理化方面胜于女生.这一切都鼓励男孩在这些科目上更加努力,增强了他们的信心,并使他们相信自己能成功.(20)Reveal:v.makeknown;showEg:Whathesaidrevealedasecret.(21)Takepartin:attendEg:Theytookanactivepartinthesportsmeeting.(22)Claim:v.声称eg:Heclaimedhehadacollegedegree.要求ClaimtheprotectionofthelawN.要求Hisclaimtoownthehouseisinvalid.(23)Tend:behelpful易于Tendtodosth.Plantstendtodieinhotweather.Para5.Interestingly,bothboysandgirlstendtoregardsuch“masculine”subjectslikemathematicsandscienceasdifficult.Yetithasbeensuggestedthatgirlsavoidmathematicscourses,notbecausetheyaredifficult,butforsocialreasons.翻译:有趣的是,男孩和女孩都认为像数理化这种“属于阳性”的科目很难.但是,也有人认为女孩不愿学数学,并不要因为这些科目难,而是出于社会原因.(24)Suggest:建议表建议propose，命令order，要求demand，及其派生的同根名词后面的主语、表语、同位语从句中谓语用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形Eg:Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gothere.Eg:Itisrequiredthattheequipmentshouldbetested.

(25)Avoid:v.Keepawayfrom避免Avoid+n./pron/v.ingEg:Weavoidedanaccident.Eg:Youcanhardlyavoidmeetingher.其它的如：Mind,finish,enjoy,miss,can’thelp+doingEg:Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?Para6.Mathematicsandsciencearemainlymasculinesubjects,andtherefore,asgirlsbecometeenagers,theyarelesslikelyto

takethemup.Girlsdonotseemtowanttobeinopencompetitionwithboys.Neitherdotheywanttodobetterthan

boysbecausetheyareafraidtoappearlessfeminineandso,lessattractive.翻译:数理化主要是男孩的科目,因此,女孩成为青少年的时候,便不再花更多的精力在这些科目上.女孩似乎不想与男孩进行公开竞争,她们也不想比男孩学得更好,因为她们害怕因此显得男孩子气而失去吸引力.(26)Beliketodo:可能人或物作主语Eg:Heisliketocomehere.Eg:Itisliketorain.(27)Takeup:begintodoorlearnEg:Hehastakenupphotographyasahobby.Eg:Hetookuppaintingattheageoffive.(28)Neitherdotheywanttodobetterthanboys.否定词neither,nor,never,半否定词seldom,hardly,rarely放在句首，句子要部分倒装。如：eg:Hecanhardlybelieveit.→Hardlycanhebelieveit.eg:Irarelysawthebeautifulsunset.→RarelydidIseethebeautifulsunset.Grammar

名词的复数一规则的名词的复数变化1.一般的名词,直接加s.Year-years,day-days2.以o结尾,加es.Potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,但radio,piano,photo除外,它们加s.3.以f或fe结尾,去f或fe,加ves.Knife-knives,wife-wives4.以s,ch,sh,x结尾,加esBus-buses,watch-watches,brush-brushes,box-boxes5.以辅音字母加y结尾,去y改i加esFactory-factories,baby-babies1.单复数形式相同Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,aircraft2.合成名词变复数,将主体名词变为复数Sisters-in-law,boystudents,lookers-on3.如没有主体名词,就在最后一个词加复数词尾Go-betweens,draw-backs二不规则名词的复数变化4.由man和woman构成的合成名词,两者都变复数.Mandoctor----mendoctorsWomanservant----womenservants5.有些名词在固定词组中一定要用复数形式.Takepains,makefriendswith,shakehandswith6.以-is结尾的名词变复数时将变为-esThesis—theses,axis---axesBasis---basesWriting

BusinessCardsCompanyNameTitle

Address1PhoneAddress2FaxCity,StateZipe-mailUnitfour

MovingfromDetroittoHobbs

KeyVocabularyDiscussingthequestionTextpresentationandlanguagepoints

StudyofwordsandphrasesUSAmapKeyVocabulary1.Accidentallyn.accident车祸、故adj.accidental偶然地Eg:Imetherinthestreetaccidentally.2.Adjust适应、调整、使适应Eg:Imustadjustmyselftotheuniversitylifeassoonaspossible.

3.appoint委派、任命、约定n.appointment约定、makeanappointmentEg.ItisreallybeyondourbeliefthatTomwasappointedmarketingmanager.4.celebrate庆祝n.celebration5.civilization.文明v.civilize使文明、使开化adj.Civilized文明的6.Climate气候adj.Climatic气候的n.climatology气候学7.concern使担心、使关心prep.concerning关于、涉及到beconcernedabout担心、忧虑Eg.Ihavebeenbeingconcernedaboutmyparents’health.8.conscious意识到的n.consciousnessBeconsciousof意识到Eg.IamconsciousofthemistakesIhavemade.9.curiosity好奇心adj.Curious好奇的10.evaporate蒸发n.evaporation

11.fringe边缘onthefringeof在---边缘Eg.Onthefringeofdeath12.graciouslyadj.gracious有礼貌的、得体的13.hostess女主人host男主人waiter男招待员waitress女招待员14.humidityadj.Humid潮湿的

15.idealn.idea16.industrialn.industryn.industrialization工业化adjindustrialized工业化的adj.Industrious勤劳的17.moistureadj.Moist湿的18.moreover=what’smore=furthermore此外、而且19.occurn.occurrence发生Eg.Anideaoccursinmyheadsuddenly.

20.Punctual.N.punctuality守时Eg.Punctualityisveryimportantforeveryoneintheintercourse.21.Rarelyhardlyscarcelyseldom都表示几乎不的意思22.speculationadj.Speculate推测、猜想

Textpresentationandlanguagepoints

Line1-71.---theycriedasifIwereleavingthecountryandmovingtoaforeignland.Asif:inawaythatsuggeststhatsomethingistrue.Eg:A.Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.B.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.c.Sheclosedhereyesasifshetoowereverytired.

Line8-142.First,Ihadtogetusedtothechangeinclimate.Getusedto:learntoacceptsomethingEg:A.Hehadgotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.B.ThefoodinJapanisstrangeatfirst,butyou’llsoongetusedtoit.3.EventhoughtheweatherinMichiganisnotideal,itwaswhatIhadknownallmylife.1)Eventhough:inspiteofthefactthat

Examples:A.Theywillsupportyoueventhoughyoudon’tsucceed.B.EventhoughIhavetowalkalltheway,I’llgetthere.2)ideal:mostsuitableEg:A.Thatwouldbeanidealplaceforapicnic.B.Itwouldbeidealifshecouldstayforanothertwoweeks.4.Inhobbsanymoisturethatmayaccidentally

occurimmediatelyevaporates.1)accidentally:happeningunexpectedlyorbychance.

Eg:Ionlymetheraccidentally.2)occur:comeintobeing,happenEg:A.Thedoctorinquiredwhathadoccurred.B.Theaccidentoccurredonlyminutesaftertakeoff.Lines15—25.Insteadofseveralmajornewspapers,avarietyoflocalradioandtelevisionchannels…1)insteadof:inplaceofEg:insteadofFlorida,let’sgotoMexicothissummer.

5.EveryoneinDetroitisonthemove…Onthemove:active;movingordevelopingEg:Peopleinbigcitiesarealwaysonthemove.Lines40-476.IhavenowlivedinHobbsforayear,andIfindthatIamslowingdowntoo.Slowdown:makeorbecomeslowerEg:Thetrainbegantoslowdownasitapproachedthestation.

USAMAP

Studyofwordsandphrases一生allone’slife背井离乡leavethecountryandmovetoaforeignland一件大事amajorevent应邀参加beinvitedin缓慢下来slowdown

习惯于getusedto偶然出现accidentallyoccur忙碌、奔波onthemove引起兴奋的源头asourceofrealexcitement约定的时间theappointedtime意识到beconsciousofhomeworkPleasewriteacompositionaboutthelifeaboutlivinginabigcity.Pleaserecitesomekeywords.Pleasediscusssomeproblemsregardingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesaboutlivinginabigcityorasmalltown.UNITFIVEWinningatAllCostsHighlightsTopic:SportsandDrugsGrammarTips:ComparativeFormReadingSkills:UsingtheLogicofaPassagetoFindOuttheMeaningsofWordsPracticalReading:ReadingaFactSheetPracticalWriting:FaxStudyGuide:LearningYourWayAroundUNITFIVE

LeadIn

BackgroundInformation

Text

NewWordsandPhrases

Translation

WorkOut

FunTime

LeadIn

Question:

Therearealotofwaystokeepusfit,whichway(s)doyoulikemost?Whyorwhynot?

Ideas:

ahealthydietphysicalexerciselivingconditionstakingdrugs

BackgroundInformation

Doyouknowwhattheyare?Opium(鸦片)Dancingoutreach(摇头丸)Heroin(海洛因)Icedrug(冰毒)Doyouknowwhattheyare?Allofthesearedrugs.Sokeepawayfromthem!TEXTReadInParagraphOne(Lines1-6)ParagraphTwo(Lines7-13)ParagraphThree(Lines14-18)ParagraphFour&ParagraphFive

(Lines19-20)&(Lines21-26)ParagraphSix(Lines27-31)ParagraphSeven(Lines32-39)ReadIn

Itiseveryathlete’slifelongdreamtobeaworldwinner.However,inthefaceofkeencompetitionforthechampionship,winningagoldmedalmustbeadifficulttaskaswellasarealchallenge.Howcanonewin?Towinatallcosts?Evenatthecostoftakingillegaldrugs?

译文WinningatAllCosts

ParagraphOne

Allovertheworld,manykindsofdrugsareusedbyathletescompetinginsports.Someareusedtobuildmusclesorgivetheathleteextrastrength.Otherskillthepainofinjuriesorcalmnerves.Manyofthemhaveserioussideeffects

andareharmfultothebodywhenusedoveralongperiodoftime.Someofthemareillegalandathletesarenotallowedtotakethembeforeanevent.译文ParagraphTwo

Therisksofdisqualificationandbodilydamageseemtohavelittleeffecton

someathletes.PerhapsthemostfamousofthemallisBenJohnson.In1988,thisCanadianathletebecamethefastestmanintheworldrecordwhiledoingso.However,whenitwasprovedthathehadreliedon

drugstogainthetitle,BenJohnsonwasstrippedof

themedalandsenthomeimmediately.Hewasbannedfrominternationalathleticsfortwoyears.译文ParagraphThree

Takingsubstancestoimprovesportsperformancesisnotnew.AthletesinancientEgyptdrankamixtureofboiledleavesandrosepetalsbeforearace.Theseathletesbelievedthatthedrinkwouldmakethemwinnersoftheirevents.Thewinnerofthe200metersattheOlympicGamesof668B.C.inancientGreeceusedaspecialdietoffigs.译文

ParagraphFour&ParagraphFive

Withthedevelopmentofmedicalscience,modernathleteshaveanevenwiderchoicewhenitcomesto

pillsanddrugs.Manyathletestakestimulantstohelpthemperformwellincompetitions.Stimulantsmaketheuserfeelfullofenergyandconfidence.Ontheotherhand,theycanalsomakeapersonill-temperedandviolent.Althoughtheyareofficiallybannedinsport,itisaknownfactthatmanycyclists,basketballandfootballplayersusestimulantstomakethemmorecompetitive.译文ParagraphSix

Someathletesalsotakedrugsnormallyusedtorelievestressinpatientswhosufferfrom

highbloodpressureorwhohaveheartproblems.Snookerplayers,archersandthosewhoshootincompetitionallneedsteadyhandsandcoolnerves.Itisbelievedthatsomeathleteshavetakenthese“calmers”forthesereasons.译文ParagraphSeven

Allthesedrugscancauseserioushealthproblemsiftakeninlargedoses.Forexample,stimulantsareverydangerous.Theydonotcreateenergy—theytakeitfromthebody.Eventually,usersfeeltiredandwashedout.Thereisalsoadangerofhavingaheartattackwhendoinghardexercise.Thisisbecausepeoplewhotakestimulantsthinktheycankeepgoingandtheypushtheirbodiestoofar.ABritishcyclist,TommySimpson,andLenBias,anAmericanbasketballplayer,bothdiedfromanoverdoseofstimulants.译文NewWordsandPhraseslifelong

adj.毕生的，终身的eg:mylifelongfriendkeenadj.

强烈的，激烈的；聪明的，敏锐的bekeenonsth./doingsth.热衷于，渴望championshipn.优胜；冠军头衔championn.冠军champagnen.香槟酒champaignn.大平原；原野campaignn.战役；运动challengev.向…挑战eg:Ichallengedhimtoagameoftennis.n.挑战eg:Heaccepthisfriend’schallengetoswimacrosstheriver.atallcosts不惜代价eg:Wardestroyseverythingandshouldbepreventedatallcosts.competev.竞争competent

adj.有能力的，能干的competitionn.竞争，比赛competitiveadj.竞争性的competitorn.竞争者，对手extra:additionaladj.额外的eg:Theyweredemandingextrapayfor

extrawork.Weagreedonapricebutafterwardstheywanted10dollarsextra.sideeffect副作用eg:Sleepingdrugsoftenhaveharmfulhabit-formingsideeffects.

Onesideeffectofmodernlifeisstress.harmfuladj.有害的；伤害的harmlessadj.无害的；无损失的harmn./v.伤害，损害；危害eg:Theshipwascaughtinabadstorm,butitcametonoharm.

eventn.A.项目eg:Thenexteventwillbethe100-meterrace.B.事件eg:thechiefeventof2004inanyevent

无论如何intheeventofsth.

如果，假若eg:Intheeventofrain,thepartywillbeheldindoors.

disqualificationn.取消资格disqualifyv.使…不适合，使无资格，使不能eg:Hewonthegamebutwaslater

disqualifiedbecausehecheated.bodilyadj.身体的，肉体的eg:Helikeshisbodilycomforts.adv.(指动作)全体地，整个地eg:Hepickedthechildupbodilyandcarriedhertobed.haveaneffecton影响eg:Thatdrinkhashadquiteaneffectonhim.

Theadvertisingcampaigndidn’thave

mucheffectonsales.relyon:dependon信任，信赖，依靠eg:Thatboy’shopeless—youcan’trelyon

himtodoanything.Youcan’trelyontheweather.

这天气可说不准。titlen.A.头衔

eg:Hewontheworldheavyweighttitle

lastyear.B.名称，标题

eg:Thetitleoftheplayis“Hamlet”.C.所有权

eg:Dotheyhaveanytitletothisland.stripof

剥夺eg:

Hewasstrippedofallhispossessions.banv.

明令禁止eg:Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.n.

禁令eg:There’sabanonsmokingintheaters.athleticsn.体育运动，竞技athleticadj.运动的，运动的，体格健壮的athleten.运动员，体育家substancen.物质，药物eg:Water,iceandsnowarethesame

substanceindifferentforms.IwastoldthatJohnsonusedtobea

substanceabuser.mixturen.混合物eg:Theatmosphereismixtureofseveralgases.mix

v.混合eg:Oilandwaterdon’tmix.boiledadj.煮熟的boilingpoint沸点freezingpoint冰点medical

adj.医学的，医疗的，医术的，医药的eg:amedicalstudentamedicalexaminationmedicinen.药，医学cometo+doing/sth.A.谈到，关于

eg:Joeisnotgoodatsports,butwhenitcomestoEnglishheisthebestinhisclass.B.达到

eg:Ithascometomynoticethatsomemoneyismissing.C.突然想起eg:Suddenlythewordsofthesongcametome.

突然间，我想起这首歌的歌词来了。stimulantn.兴奋剂，刺激物，鼓舞stimulatev.A.刺激eg:Exercisestimulatesthebody.

锻炼促进身体活动。B.鼓励

eg:Shewasstimulatedintonewefforts.

她受到鼓励做出新的努力。confidencen.信心，自信eg:Wehavefullconfidencethatourteamwillwinthegame.Graduallyhegainedconfidence

inhimself.confidentadj.有自信的，可靠的，大胆的officiallyadv.正式地，官方地officialadj.官方的，官员的，正式的n.官员，高级职员officern.军官，警察sufferv.遭受，承受eg:Susansufferedagreatlosswhenherhouseburneddown.sufferfrom

经受eg:Myfathersuffersfromheadaches.

我父亲经常头痛。dosen.液态药(物)，一剂，一服eg:Takeonedose,threetimesaday.adoseofhardwork

一份苦差事overdosen.服药过量eg:Hediedbytakinganoverdose.createv.创造，创建eg:Godcreatedtheworld.creationn.创造，建立；作品；宇宙，万物eg:Manisthelordofcreation.

人类为万物之灵。creativeadj.有创造力的，创造性的creaturen.动物，生物eg:creaturefromouterspace

eventually

：atlast;intheendadv.最后eg:Heeventuallyrealizedthathehadmisunderstoodhisfather.eventual

adj.最后的eg:theeventualsuccessofhiseffortsbewashedoutA.筋疲力尽

eg:Shewaswashedoutafteralongday’swork.B.冲垮，破坏，毁掉

eg:Thebaseballgamewaswashedout(byrain).

那场棒球赛泡汤了。washout

洗掉

eg:Wassheabletowashthedirtymarkoutofhercoat.Translation

成为一名冠军是每个运动员终身的梦想，但面对众多的竞争者，赢得奖牌又是如此艰难。怎么赢呢？不惜一切代价？甚至不惜服用违禁品？不惜一切赢得胜利

（第一段）

参加体育比赛的世界各国运动员都要服用各种药物。有些可用于增长肌肉或使运动员增强超常的力量，另一些可起消除伤痛或镇静神经的作用。许多药物如果长时间服用会产生严重的副作用而且对身体有害。其中有一些是违禁药品，不允许运动员在赛前服用。（第二段）

然而取消比赛资格和对身体造成损害的风险对于某些运动员并无多少影响。其中最有名的是本·约翰逊。1988年，这位加拿大选手因服用违禁药品而成为世界纪录中跑得最快的人。然而，本·约翰逊靠药物赢得金牌的事一经查实，他的金牌立刻被取消，他本人也被遣送回家。他被禁止参加国际比赛两年。

（第三段）靠服用药物来提高比赛成绩并不是新鲜事。古埃及运动员在赛前饮用一种用煮熟的草叶和玫瑰花瓣混合的饮料，这些运动员相信那种饮料能帮助自己在各自的赛项中成为冠军。公元前668年在古希腊举行的奥运会上，200米赛跑冠军就食用了一种原料为无花果的特质食品。（第四、五段）

随着医药科学的发展，现代运动员在服用药物发面有了范围更广的选择。许多运动员服用兴奋剂来提高自己在比赛中的成绩。兴奋剂能使服用者感到精力充沛，充满自信。另一方面，也能使人脾气暴躁，变得暴戾。尽管这些药物在体育赛事中被明令禁止，但众所周知的是，许多自行车运动员、篮球运动员和足球运动员都服用兴奋剂，以增强自己的竞争力。（第六段）

有些运动员也服用镇静药，这类药通常是高血压或心脏病患者使用的。台球运动员、射箭选手和射击选手都需要冷静的头脑和平稳的双手，一些运动员服用此类“镇静剂”的原因正在于此。（第七段）

如果大剂量服用，这些药物都会带来严重的健康问题。例如，兴奋剂就非常危险。兴奋剂本身并不能产生能量，它们吸取身体内部的能量。最终，服用者会感到疲倦，甚至精疲力竭。做剧烈运动时还有突发心脏病的危险，这是因为服用兴奋剂的人以为自己能够坚持下去，因而会运动过量。英国自行车选手汤米·辛普森和美国篮球运动员莱恩·比亚斯都死于过量服用兴奋剂。WorkOutCompletethesentenceswiththeproperformsofthewordsgiveninparentheses.1.Thepartyhasbecomedeeply(nerve)_______aboutthepossibilityoflosingthenextelection.2.He(mixture)______bluepaintwithyellowpainttoproduceagreencolour.nervousmixed3.Thefood(final)______arrivedattheendoflastweekandthehungrypeoplejumpedhappily.4.Youdrovetoofastroundthatcorner–itwasa(risk)______thingtodo.5.Mr.Heathhaspromisedtore-employa(substance)________numberofworkers.6.Needletreatmentcanbringgreat(relieve)______tothepatients.finallyriskysubstantialrelief7.Themanageris(confidence)_______aboutthewaybusinessisprogressing.8.Hemeansno(harmful)______bysayingwhathethinks.9.Thereisno(rely)______informationaboutlastyear’sproduction.10.Severalfirmshaveunitedto(competitive)______againstthebiggestoneinthiscity.confidentharmreliablecompeteFunTime

Rushon!Herearetwoquestions.Answerthemasfastaspossible.Ready?Begin!

1.TodayisWednesday.Bobcameherefourdaysago.Marycametwodaysearlierthanhedid.

Question:OnwhatdaydidMarycome?

Answer:Thursday.

2.OldMacDonaldhadafarm.Onthefarmthereweresomecows.Fiveofthemwereyellow,eightofthemwerebrown,andtheotherswereblackandwhite.NowJohnnycametoseeOldMacDonald.Hewantedtoborrowablackcowfromhim.

Question:CouldOldMacDonaldlendhimablackcow?

Answer:No.

Unitsix

Entertainment

Whyareweaddictedtosoaps?UnitsixText

PreviewContextAnalysisPhrasesandnewwordsTextStudyTestyourselfVocabularyfileSentencemakingFuntimeDiscussionAreyouoneofthosewhowouldgluetotelevisionwatchingtheirfavoriteserialseverynight?Whyorwhynot?ParaphrasesofdifficultsentencesinthetextLine6-7Thesoapoperahassucceedincapturingtheimaginationoftheentertainmentworld.Line21-22Ifafavoritecharacterisunfairlytreated,thisusuallyprovokesstrongreactions?Line35-36Adramaticincidentsuchasanargumentisdeliberatelycutshortbytheclosingtitlesequence.Line41-43Someviewerssaytheyenjoygossipingaboutthesoapasmuchastheyenjoywatchingtheactualprogram. previewContextAnalysisLines1-71…thefactremainsthatmillionsoftuneineagerlytotheirFavoriteserialeveryday.1)tunetoin:setaradioortelevisiontoreceivebroadcastsfromaparticularstation.Example:wealwaystuneintoChannel8towatchthe10o’clocknationalandinternationalnews.2)serial:astorywhichisbroadcastontelevisionorradiopublishedinpartsoveraperiodoftime.Example:WatchingTVserialsisherfavoritepastime.2.Thesoapoperahassucceedincapturingtheimaginationoftheentireworld.

翻译：肥皂剧抓住了天下所有人的想象力．

Capture:makesbfeelinterestedorexcited.

Example:

1.Hersilveryvoicecapturedtheattentionofthelisteners.

2.Theirdaringescapehascapturedtheimaginationofthewholecountry.

Lines8-163.However,soapoperasaremuchmoredramaticthanreallife.Dramatic:suddenandexciting;vividlystrikingExamples:A.Ashortsentenceafteraseriesoflongsentencescanhavea~effect.B.Whatdoyouthinkofthedramaticchangestakingplaceontheinternationalscene.4….sotheviewscaneasily