Unit3EnvironmentalProtection重要题型专练(原卷版)-高一英语学与练（人教选择性）

选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection重要题型专练一、阅读选择ABikefriendlycitiesaroundtheworldCyclingiskindtotheenvironmentsoitisanexcellentwaytotakeinthecity.Hereare4bikefriendlycitiesadoptingthisgreenmodeoftransporttoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Malmö,SwedenCyclinginMalmöisenjoyableduetotherelaxedandeasygoingmannerofmostcyclists.Thecalmingatmospheremakesitagreatexperience,evenfornervousriders.AhighlyremendedbikerouteisfromRibersborgparktoLimhamnHarbour,whereriderscantakeafewgoodphotosofthefamousÖresundBridge.Beijing,ChinaInthe1970s,bicycleswerethemainmodeoftransportationforpeopleinBeijing.However,dedicated(专用的)cyclepathsforcyclistswerelimited.OnlyinMay2019,didthecitylaunchitsfirstachievementincyclingfacilityisworthashoutoutforacitywithover21millionpeople.Bogota,ColombiaBogotafirstintroducedtheconceptofcyclepathin1974.TheideaseescarsbeingbannedfromcityroadseverySundayfrom7a.m.to2p.m.,helpingcyclists,runnersandwalkersexercisesafely.Sincethen,thecityhasslowlybutsteadilyexpandedtheprogram,includingsettingupdedicatedcyclepaths.Asaresult,Bogotanowhas550kmofbikepathsandisthemostbikefriendlycityinLatinAmerica.Montréal,CanadaMontréalhasalreadyestablishedprotectedbikepathssincethe1980s.BIXIisthecity’sbikesharingsystemwith9,600bikesandalmost800stations.CyclistscanmaketheirvisittotheTourdeL’lleMontreal,ayearlybikeridewherecycliststaketothestreetsforadaywithoutanyothervehiclesbeingallowedontheroads.1．Whichcitywillattractcyclistsinterestedinphotography?A．Beijing. B．Malmö. C．Montréal. D．Bogota.2．WhatdoBeijingandBogotahaveinmon?A．Improvementincyclingfacility.B．Shiftinprimarymeansoftransportation.C．Regularinvestmentinbuildingbicyclepaths.D．Multiplespecificcyclepathsconnectingdistricts.3．WhatmakesMontréaldifferentfromothercities?A．Themostbikefriendlycity. B．Theoldestprotectedbikepaths.C．Anannualbicycleevent. D．Themostcalmingeffectoncyclists.BConservationorganizationPlantlifeisurgingpeopletoputawaytheirlawnmowers(除草机)foramonthandletwildflowersgrowinstead,aspartofitsNoMowMayproject.Leavingthegrassuncutwillcreateahabitatthatwillbenefitbeesandotherinsects,theorganizationsays.Plantlifesayslawnscouldbebiodiversityhotspotsifleftalone.Itsaysthosewhoparticipatedinitscampaignlastyearreportedthegrowthofmorethan250plantspeciesontheirlawns.Amongthesewerewildstrawberryandwildgarlic.Therewerealsosightingsofdecliningspecieslikegreenwingedorchids.OnegardenerwhohasbeenenjoyingamorerelaxedapproachisTomJennings,45,fromBuckinghamshire.Hesaysit’sachancetoreconnectwiththenaturalworld.“Thosefascinatedbyneatgardensusenotonlylawnmowersbutchemicals.”saysTom.Afterlettinghisbackgardengrowout,Tomwitnessedanexplosionofwildflowers—importantforpollinators(授粉者)suchasbees.Tomsayshe’sbeenshockedathowquicklyinsectshavereturnedtohisbackgarden:anencouragingsignalgiventheglobaldeclineofinsectpopulations.AccordingtoColetteWebb,42,wholivesinWestSussex,thereareaddedbenefitstolettingnaturegraduallytakeitscourseinthegarden.“Itsavesyouabitoftimeandargumentswiththehusbandaboutgettingthelawnmowerout—somethingmyhusbandhatesdoing,”shesays.“There’sapartofmethatthinksthegardenisreallymessy,butwhenyousitthereforsometimeadayandlookatwhat’sit’ssupporting,yourealizeit’sforthebenefitofnature.”Butnoteveryoneisonboardwiththeidea,saysDavid.Oneofhisneighboursispursuingtheirownrewildingprojectintheirowngarden—buttheotherisyettobeconvinced.“Andmymother,who’s81,stillsaysitlooksuntidy,”helaughs.4．WhatisthemajorgoalofPlantlife’sNoMowMayproject?A．Helpingpromotebiodiversity. B．Attractingmoregardenvisitors.C．Makingtheirgardenslookmorenatural. D．Savingpeople’stroubleofmowingtheirgardens.5．WhatdoweknowaboutTomJenningsfromthetext?A．Heiscrazyaboutneatgardens.B．Hehateshavingtocutthegrassregularly.C．Hebelievestheprojectisincreasingthenumberofinsects.D．Hebenefitedalotfromthedeclineofinsectsinhisgarden.6．WhataddedbenefitdidNoMowMayprojectbringtoColetteWebb?A．Shegetsonbetterwithherhusband. B．Herhusbandhasetoenjoygardening.C．Hergardenisnolongerasmessyasitusedtobe. D．Shehasformedthehabitofsittinginthegarden.7．Whichcanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Showsconcernabout. B．Makesresponseto. C．Agreeswith. D．esupwith.CSincethebeginningofthesummerin2022,Chinahasbeenburninghotundertheworstheatwaveindecades.AnumberofpeopleinZhejiang,Henan,JiangsuandSichuanprovinceswerediagnosedwiththermoplegia(热射病),themostsevereformofheatstroke,andsomeevendiedofthisdisease.Inawarmingworld,therisksofheatwavesareincreasing.Accordingtoastudy,thenumberofdeathscausedbyheatwavesinChinahasincreasedrapidlysince1979,fromabout4000personsperyearinthe1980stonearly16000personsperyearinthe2010s.“Overthepastfourdecades,themaindriversofthelargeincreaseinheatwaverelateddeathsinChinaaretherapidincreaseinthefrequencyofheatwaves,followedbypopulationgrowth,populationaging,andrisingbaselinemortality(基线死亡率),”saidProf.HuangCunrui,aresearcherfromTsinghuaUniversity.Hightemperatureswouldacceleratethelossinsoilmoisture(水分)andhurtthegrowthofcorn,cotton,treesandfruits.What’smore,eachadditionaldegreeofwarmingwillincreasecroplossestoinsectsby1025percent,threateningfoodsecurityforbillionsofpeople.Chinahaswitnessedarangeofextremeweatherevents,includingheavyrainfall,flooding,tornadoesandrecordheatwavesthisyear.Expertssaythatwhileextremesummerheatisnotentirelynew,thesesortsofoccurrencescouldbesomethingthatbeesastandardpartoflife,requiringpeopletostartlearninghowtocopewithheatwavesthatmaycontinuefortherestofsummerandwellintothefuture.Rememberthatevenhealthy,youngathletescanbeharmedbyextremeheat,soeveryactivity,indoorsoroutdoors,shouldbeevaluatedwhenextremeheathits.Wearesupposedtostaysafeduringextremeheatevents,suchasdrinkingplentyofwater,lookingforshadeorremaininginshadewhenoutside,andavoidingcookinglargemealsthatcanaddheattoyourindoorenvironment.8．paredwiththe1980s,thedeathsfromheatwavesperyearinthe2010shasincreasedby_orso.A．twice B．threetimes C．fourtimes D．fivetimes9．WhatisthemaincauseoftheincreasingheatwaverelateddeathsinChina?A．Thelargeramountofoutdoorworkers.B．Theagingofthepopulation.C．Theriseinthenumberofthetotalpopulation.D．Theincreasingfrequencyofheatwaves.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerate”inparagraph4probablymean?A．decline. B．regulate. C．quicken. D．advocate.11．Wherewouldyoubemostlikelytofindthispassage?A．Inasportsjournal. B．Inabrochure.C．Inanewspaper. D．Onaposterboard.DFindingaCaliforniacondorinthewildwouldbethemostunusualtreat.perhapsevenmoreunusualthanfindingawolfinYellowstoneNationalPark.Infact,thewolfwaswhatopenedmyeyestothefactthathumanscouldbringananimalbacktotheplacewhereithaddisappeared.In1987,therewereonly27Californiacondorsleft,noneofwhichwereinthewild,onlyincaptivebreedingprograms,Itwasthosebreedingprogramsthatcontributedtotheirpopulationrise,enoughthatby1991someofthemcouldbefreedintothewild.Still,thehopeofseeingaCaliforniacondor,whichremainsanendangeredspecies,isverylow,letalonegettingaphotoofone.Californiacondorpopulationdroppedmostlyduetohumanfactors,suchaspoachingandlivingareasdestructionthesearechallengesCaliforniacondorsstillfacetoday.Althoughthisisjustabird’seyeviewofthechallengesCaliforniacondorsfaceandtherearemanyothers,itispartofwhytheopportunitytoworkwiththeUSFishandWildlifeServiceteamandtheirpartnershelpingtheirrecoveryissospecialtomeasaphotographer.Iamnotonlyabletophotographthebirdsintheirwildlivingareas,butalsounderstandandrecordhowdifficulttheworkisofthosepeopleonthefrontlinesoftheprotection.Iamgratefulfortheworkoftheteam,andmyhopeisthatCaliforniacondorpopulationwillcontinuetoriseallowingfuturegenerationsanopportunityIneverhadwhenIfirstgotheretolooktotheskyandseeoneflyingaround.12．WhathelpedtheincreaseoftheCaliforniacondorpopulationin1987?A．Rulesforhunters. B．Captivebreedingprograms.C．Theimprovednaturalenvironment. D．Theenlargementofwildlivingareas.13．WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttakingphotosofaCaliforniacondorinthewild?A．Itisdifficult. B．Itiseasy. C．Itisboring. D．Itisdangerous.14．WhatdidtheauthordowhenworkingwiththeUSFishandWildlifeServiceteam?A．Heguidedwaysforthem. B．Hemaderecordsbyphotos.C．Hehelpedthebirdstorecover. D．Herebuiltthebirds’livingareas.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NewWay,NewHope B．WolvesandCaliforniaCondorsC．APhotoofaCaliforniaCondor D．TheCaliforniaCondor’singBack二、七选五Lookingforawaytoconnectwithnaturebutyou'renotsurehowtowhenyouliveinthecity?Hereareafewwaystoliveinharmonywithnatureandreduceyourpressure.Goonawildlifewalk.There’slotsofurbanwildlifeforyoutodiscover,soyoucanreachouttoyourcityparkdepartmentstogetsomevaluableinformation.16.Awildlifewalkisoneoftheeasiestwaystoconnectwithnaturebecauseithelpsyoutorealizethatyou'resurrounded(围绕)bynature.17.Nothingwillmakeyoufeelascloselyconnectedwiththeearthaswalkingwithoutshoesongrassforacoupleofminutes.Thisverydirectconnectionwithnaturewillmakeyourealizethatyou'repartofthehugeworld,helpingyoutorelaxandfeelcalmer.Attractnatureyourself.Oneofthebestwaystoconnectwithnatureistomakeitetoyou.18.Youcanalsofillsometubs(盆)withflowerstoattractbutterflies.Createafriendlyplacefornatureandyou'resuretoattractallkindsofbeingspassingclosetoyourhome.Createasmallgarden.Plantsandflowersarepartofnatureaswellandeventhetiniestamountofspacecanbeturnedintoabeautifulgarden.Ifyou’vegotabalcony(阳台),fillitwithpotsfullofflowers.19.Imaginehowsatisfyingitwouldbetosharethemwithyourfriendsandfamily.Usethesetipsforconnectingwithnatureandlivingamorefortablelifestyleinabigcity.20.A．HaveawalkinaparkB．Takeoffyourshoesandwalkbarefoot(赤脚地)C．YoucangrowyourownvegetablesonitaswellD．Youcanputabirdfeeder(喂食器)onyourbalconyorbyyourwindowE．Meantime,thisisthebestmethodofimprovingyourhealthandwellbeingF．TheyoftenofferguidedwalkstohelpyouenjoythenaturalbeautyinyourcitiesG．It'sadifferentwayofexperiencingnaturehelpingyoutoenjoyitfromadifferentviewpoint三、完形填空Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedsweretakingoverandthehedges(树篱)21neededtobecutback.Itlookedveryterrible.22whentheneighborssawtheirgardens,theyjustlookedateachotherandlaughed.Itseemedtoohardtoclearallthegardensandnoonecouldbe23tomakethembetterbecauseeveryone’sgardenwasequally24.Noonefeltitwasurgenttochangeanything.ThenagardenernamedBill25inthesmalltown.Billwasa26,hardworkingandpatientmanwhostartedworkinginthegardenassoonashemovedinthestreet.Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutallofthe27.Finally,hetookuphisgardeningandstarted28hishedges,makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.Itwasahugeprojectbuthishardwork29andhisgardenlookedinviting.30bythebeautifulscenery,theneighborswalkedbyandadmiredthe31manicured(修整的)garden.Beforelong,something32happened.Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmoreeffortintheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.Afterafewmonths,thestreetwastransformedfromadirty,33collectionofhousestoabeautifulstreetthatwouldn’tbeoutofplaceinastylishmagazine.Oneperson’sactionshowedeveryonewhatcouldbeachievedwithalittlehardwork.It’seasyforusto34theenvironmentaroundusbecausenooneelsecaresaboutit.Rememberwhatyoupositivelydonotonlybenefitsyourself,butalso35achangetothewholeworld.21．A．slightly B．desperately C．barely D．previously22．A．And B．So C．But D．For23．A．taken B．bothered C．cooperated D．devoted24．A．tidy B．delicate C．familiar D．awful25．A．handed B．stepped C．dominated D．settled26．A．proud B．distracted C．neat D．selfless27．A．weeds B．trees C．soil D．plants28．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．shaping29．A．tookover B．paidoff C．turneddown D．gaveaway30．A．Defeated B．Obsessed C．Enlarged D．Confused31．A．occasionally B．legally C．newly D．carelessly32．A．incredible B．unique C．horrible D．unmotivated33．A．intense B．unappealing C．recognised D．optional34．A．observe B．mind C．ignore D．pollute35．A．resultsin B．figuresout C．makesup D．takesin四、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withmoreandmorescientistssayingwenolongerhaveaclimateproblembutaclimateemergency,thecallforallhandstobepart36thesolutionisbringingpeopleofall37(age)tobeready.LeslieWharton,spokespersonforEldersClimateAction(ECA),isinthemidstoforganizinga38(grow)numberof“oldhands”intoanationwidenetworkofpeoplewho,insteadofjusttalking,aregettingtogether39(close)a