全新大学英语综一册备课笔记

第页全新版大学英语综合教程第一册Unit1GrowingUp

PartIPre-readingTask

Listentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions:

1.DoyouknowwhoJohnLennonwas

2.Haveyoueverheardthesongbefore

3.WhatdoesLennonthinkofgrowingupIsiteasyorfullofadventures

4.Canyouguesswhatthetextsinthisunitaregoingtobeabout

Thefollowingwordsintherecordingmaybenewtoyou:

monstern.怪物prayern.祈祷

PartII

TextA

Whenwearewritingweareoftentoldtokeepourreadersinmind,toshapewhatwesaytofittheirtastesandinterests.Butthereisonereaderinparticularwhoshouldnotbeforgotten.CanyouguesswhoRussellBakersurprisedhimselfandeveryoneelsewhenhediscoveredtheanswer.WRITINGFORMYSELF

RussellBaker

TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandonsincemychildhoodinBelleville,butitwasn'tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.UntilthenI'dbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses.IfoundEnglishgrammardullanddifficult.Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite.

WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects.Mr.Fleaglehadareputationamongstudentsfordullnessandinabilitytoinspire.Hewassaidtobeveryformal,rigidandhopelesslyoutofdate.Tomehelookedtobesixtyorseventyandexcessivelyprim.Heworeprimlysevereeyeglasses,hiswavyhairwasprimlycutandprimlycombed.Heworeprimsuitswithnecktiessetprimlyagainstthecollarbuttonsofhiswhiteshirts.Hehadaprimlypointedjaw,aprimlystraightnose,andaprimmannerofspeakingthatwassocorrect,sogentlemanly,thatheseemedacomicantique.IpreparedforanunfruitfulyearwithMr.Fleagleandforalongtimewasnotdisappointed.Lateintheyearwetackledtheinformalessay.Mr.Fleagledistributedahomeworksheetofferingusachoiceoftopics.Nonewasquitesosimple-mindedas"WhatIDidonMySummerVacation,"butmostseemedtobealmostasdull.Itookthelisthomeanddidnothinguntilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue.Lyingonthesofa,Ifinallyfaceduptotheunwelcometask,tookthelistoutofmynotebook,andscannedit.Thetopiconwhichmyeyestoppedwas"TheArtofEatingSpaghetti."

Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages.VividmemoriescamefloodingbackofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswereseatedaroundthesuppertable—UncleAllen,mymother,UncleCharlie,Doris,UncleHal—andAuntPatservedspaghettiforsupper.Spaghettiwasstillalittleknownforeigndishinthosedays.NeitherDorisnorIhadevereatenspaghetti,andnoneoftheadultshadenoughexperiencetobegoodatit.AllthegoodhumorofUncleAllen'shousereawokeinmymindasIrecalledthelaughingargumentswehadthatnightaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth.

SuddenlyIwantedtowriteaboutthat,aboutthewarmthandgoodfeelingofit,butIwantedtoputitdownsimplyformyownjoy,notforMr.Fleagle.ItwasamomentIwantedtorecaptureandholdformyself.Iwantedtorelivethepleasureofthatevening.TowriteitasIwanted,however,wouldviolatealltherulesofformalcompositionI'dlearnedinschool,andMr.Fleaglewouldsurelygiveitafailinggrade.Nevermind.IwouldwritesomethingelseforMr.FleagleafterIhadwrittenthisthingformyself.

WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasnotimelefttocomposeaproper,respectableessayforMr.Fleagle.TherewasnochoicenextmorningbuttoturninmytaleoftheBellevillesupper.TwodayspassedbeforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthegradedpapers,andhereturnedeveryone'sbutmine.IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr.FleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordisciplinewhenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdeskandknockfortheclass'sattention.

"Now,boys,"hesaid."Iwanttoreadyouanessay.Thisistitled,'TheArtofEatingSpaghetti.'"Andhestartedtoread.Mywords!Hewasreadingmywordsoutloudtotheentireclass.What'smore,theentireclasswaslistening.Listeningattentively.Thensomebodylaughed,thentheentireclasswaslaughing,andnotincontemptandridicule,butwithopen-heartedenjoyment.EvenMr.Fleaglestoppedtwoorthreetimestoholdbackasmallprimsmile.

Ididmybesttoavoidshowingpleasure,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspuredelightatthisdemonstrationthatmywordshadthepowertomakepeoplelaugh.Intheeleventhgrade,attheeleventhhourasitwere,Ihaddiscoveredacalling.Itwasthehappiestmomentofmyentireschoolcareer.WhenMr.Fleaglefinishedheputthefinalsealonmyhappinessbysaying,"Nowthat,boys,isanessay,don'tyousee.It's—don'tyousee—it'softheveryessenceoftheessay,don'tyousee.Congratulations,Mr.Baker."

(797words)

NewWordsandExpressions

offandon

fromtimetotime;sometimes断断续续地；有时

possibilityn.可能（性）

takeholdbecomeestablished生根，确立

borevt.make(sb.)becometiredandloseinterest使（人）厌烦

associatevt.joinorconnecttogether;bringinthemind使联系起来；使联想

assignment

n.apieceofworkthatisgiventoaparticularperson（安排的）工作，任务，作业

turnoutproduce编写；生产，制造

agony:n.verygreatpainorsufferingofmindorbody（身心的）极度苦痛

assign:vt.giveasashareorduty安排，分派

anticipate:vt.expect预期，期望

tedious:a.boringandlastingforalongtime乏味的；冗长的

reputation:n.名声；名誉

inability:n.lackofpower,skillorability无能，无力

inspire:vt.fill(sb.)withconfidence,eagerness,etc.激励，鼓舞

formal:a.(too)seriousandcarefulinmannerandbehavior;basedoncorrectoracceptedrules刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的

rigida.(oftendisapproving)fixedinbehavior,viewsormethods;strict一成不变的；严格的

hopelesslyad.verymuch;withouthope特别，极度；无望地

excessivelyad.过分地

outofdateold-fashioned过时的

prim

a.(usu.disapproving)(ofaperson)tooformalorcorrectinbehaviorandshowingadislikeofanythingrude;neat古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整齐的primlyad.

severe:a.completelyplain;causingverygreatpain,difficulty,worry,etc.朴实的；严峻的，猛烈的

necktien.tie领带

jawn.颌，颚

comic▲a.滑稽的；喜剧的n.连环漫画（册）

antiquen.古物，古玩

tacklevt.trytodealwith处理，应付

essayn.散文，小品文；论说文

distributevt.divideandgiveoutamongpeople,places,etc.分发，安排，分送

finallyad.atlast最终，最终

faceupto:bebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith英勇地接受或应付

scanv.lookthroughquickly阅读，粗略地看

spaghettin.意大利式细面条

titlen.anamegiventoabook,film,etc.标题，题目vt.giveanameto给…加标题，加题目于

extraordinarya.veryunusualorstrange不同寻常的；奇妙的

sequencen.一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序

imagen.apictureformedinthemind形象；印象；（图）像

adultn.afullygrownpersonoranimal成年人；成年动物

humorn.心情；幽默，诙谐

recallvt.bringbacktothemind;remember回想起，回忆起

argumentn.论据，论点；争辩

respectablea.(ofbehavior,appearance,etc.)sociallyacceptable可敬的；风光 的；文静的

putdownwritedown写下

recapturevt.(lit)bringbackintothemind;experienceagain再现；再次经验

relivevt.experienceagain,esp.inone'simagination再体验，重温

violatevt.actagainst违反，违反

composevt.writeorcreate(music,poetry,etc.)创作

turninhandin(workthatonehasdone)交（作业）

commandn.,v.命令，指令

disciplinen.punishment;orderkept(amongschool-children,soldiers,etc.)惩处，处分；纪律

what'smoreinaddition,moreimportantly而且，此外；更有甚者

contempt▲n.轻视，轻视

ridiculen.makingorbeingmadefunof讪笑，嘲弄；被戏弄

open-hearteda.sincere,frank真诚的

holdbackpreventtheexpressionof(feelings,tears,etc.)限制（感情,眼泪等）

avoidvt.keeporgetawayfrom避开

demonstrationn.actofshowingorprovingsth.表明；证明

careern.生涯，事业；职业

sealn.印，图章

essence▲n.themostimportantqualityofathing本质；精髓

congratulationn.(usu.pl)expressionofjoyforsb.'ssuccess,luck,etc.庆贺，恭喜LegallyBlonde-Alegaleducationmeansyouwilllearntospeakinanewlanguage.Youwillbetaughttoachieveinsightintotheworldaroundyouandtosharplyquestionwhatyouknow.Theseatyouhavepickedwillbeyoursforthenextninemonthsofyourlife.Andthoseofyouinthefrontrowbeware."Thelawisreasonfreefrompassion".DoesanyoneknowwhospokethiseimmortalwordsYes

-Aristotle.

-Areyousure

-Yes.

-Wouldyoubewillingtostakeyourlifeonit

-Ithinkso.

-Whatabouthislife

-Idon'tknow.

-Well,Irecommendknowingbeforespeaking.Thelawleavesmuchroomforinterpretationbutverylittleforself-doubt.Andyouwereright.ItwasAristotle.

-Goodjob.

-Now,Iassumeallofyouhavereadpages1-48andarenowwell-versedinsubjectmatterjurisdiction.WhocantelluseaboutGordonvs.SteeleLet'scallonsomeonefromthehotzone.ElleWoods

-Actually,Iwasn'tawarethatwehadanassignment.

-VivianKensington.Doyouthinkit'sacceptablethatMs.Woodsisnotprepared

-No,Idon't.

-Wouldyousupportmydecisiontoaskhertoleaveclassandtoreturnonlywhensheisprepared

-Absolutely.

-Now,Ms.Kensington,diddiversityjurisdictionexistinthiscase

-No,itdidnot.

-Good.HowaboutinthecaseofOwensvs.McCullogh

-Ican'tbelievethatgirl.Sostupid.Whodoesshethinksheis

-Excuseme.AreyouOK

-Dotheyputyouonthespotlikethatallthetime

-TheprofessorsTheytendtodothat.Socraticmethod.

-Ifyoudon'tknowtheanswers,theyjustkickyouout

-YouhaveStromwell,huh

-Yes!Didshedothattoyou,too

-No.Butshedidmakemecryonce.Notinclass.IwaitedtillIgotbacktomyroombutshe'llkickyourightintheball.Orwherever,youknow.She'stough.She'sreallytough.

-Great.

-Don'tworry,itgetsbetter.Whoelsedoyouhave

-IhaveCallahan,RoyaltonandLevinthal.

-Let'ssee,speakupinCallahan'sclass.Hereallylikespeoplethatareopinionated.AndinRoyalton'sclasstrytogetaseatintheback.Hespitswhenhetalksaboutproductsliability.AndforLevinthal,makesureyoureadthefootnotes.That'swherehegetsalotofhisexamquestions.

-Right.Wow.I'mreallygladImetyou.Unit2Friendship

PartIPre-readingTask

Listentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions:

1.HaveyoueverheardofDionneWarwickHaveyouhappenedtohearhersing

2.Whatdoesafairweatherfriendmean

3.WhatdoesDionneWarwickthinkfriendsarefor

4.Doesthesonggiveyouanyideaofwhatthestoriesinthisunitwillbeabout

PartII

TextA

HowdoyoufeelwhenoldfriendsarefarawayDoyoumakeanefforttokeepintouchSometimesitiseasytoputoffwritingaletter,thinkingthattherewillbeplentyoftimetomorrow.Butthensometimes,asthisstoryshows,weleaveittoolate.Perhapsreadingitwillmakeyouwanttoreachforyourpen.

ALLTHECABBIEHADWASALETTER

FosterFurcolo

HemusthavebeencompletelylostinsomethinghewasreadingbecauseIhadtotaponthewindshieldtogethisattention.

"Isyourcabavailable"Iaskedwhenhefinallylookedupatme.Henodded,thensaidapologeticallyasIsettledintothebackseat,"I'msorry,butIwasreadingaletter."Hesoundedasifhehadacoldorsomething.

"I'minnohurry,"Itoldhim."Goaheadandfinishyourletter."

Heshookhishead."I'vereaditseveraltimesalready.IguessIalmostknowitbyheart."

"Lettersfromhomealwaysmeanalot,"Isaid."AtleasttheydowithmebecauseI'montheroadsomuch."Then,estimatingthathewas60or70yearsold,Iguessed:"Fromachildormaybeagrandchild"

"Thisisn'tfamily,"hereplied."Although,"hewenton,"cometothinkofit",itmightjustaswellhavebeenfamily.OldEdwasmyoldestfriend.Infact,weusedtocalleachother'OldFriend'—whenwe'dmeet,thatis.I'mnotmuchofahandatwriting."

"Idon'tthinkanyofuskeepupourcorrespondencetoowell,"Isaid."IknowIdon't.ButItakeithe'ssomeoneyou'veknownquiteawhile"

"Allmylife,practically.Wewerekidstogether,sowegowayback."

"Wenttoschooltogether"

"Allthewaythroughhighschool.Wewereinthesameclass,infact,throughbothgradeandhighschool."

"Therearenottoomanypeoplewho'vehadsuchalongfriendship,"Isaid.

"Actually,"thedriverwenton,"Ihadn'tseenhimmorethanonceortwiceayearoverthepast25or30yearsbecauseImovedawayfromtheoldneighborhoodandyoukindoflosetoucheventhoughyouneverforget.Hewasagreatguy."

"Yousaid'was'.Doesthatmean—"

Henodded."Diedacoupleofweeksago."

"I'msorry,"Isaid."It'snofuntoloseanyfriend—andlosingarealoldoneiseventougher."

Hedidn'treplytothat,andwerodeoninsilenceforafewminutes.ButIrealizedthatOldEdwasstillonhismindwhenhespokeagain,almostmoretohimselfthantome:"Ishouldhavekeptintouch.Yes,"herepeated,"Ishouldhavekeptintouch."

"Well,"Iagreed,"weshouldallkeepintouchwitholdfriendsmorethanwedo.Butthingscomeupandwejustdon'tseemtofindthetime."

Heshrugged."Weusedtofindthetime,"hesaid."That'sevenmentionedintheletter."Hehandeditovertome."Takealook."

"Thanks,"Isaid,"butIdon'twanttoreadyourmail.That'sprettypersonal."

Thedrivershrugged."OldEd'sdead.There'snothingpersonalnow.Goahead,"heurgedme.

Theletterwaswritteninpencil.Itbeganwiththegreeting"OldFriend,"andthefirstsentenceremindedmeofmyself.I'vebeenmeaningtowriteforsometime,butI'vealwayspostponedit.Itthenwentontosaythatheoftenthoughtaboutthegoodtimestheyhadhadtogetherwhentheybothlivedinthesameneighborhood.Ithadreferencestothingsthatprobablymeantsomethingtothedriver,suchasthetimeTimSheabrokethewindow,theHalloweenthatwetiedOldMr.Parker'sgate,andwhenMrs.Culverusedtokeepusafterschool.

"Youmusthavespentalotoftimetogether,"Isaidtohim.

"Likeitsaysthere,"heanswered,"aboutallwehadtospendinthosedayswastime."Heshookhishead:"Time."

Ithoughtthenextparagraphoftheletterwasalittlesad:Ibegantheletterwith"OldFriend"becausethat'swhatwe'vebecomeovertheyears—oldfriends.Andtherearen'tmanyofusleft.

"Youknow,"Isaidtohim,"whenitsaysherethattherearen'tmanyofusleft,that'sabsolutelyright.EverytimeIgotoaclassreunion,forexample,therearefewerandfewerstillaround."

"Timegoesby,"thedriversaid.

"Didyoutwoworkatthesameplace"Iaskedhim.

"No,butwehungoutonthesamecornerwhenweweresingle.Andthen,whenweweremarried,weusedtogotoeachother'shouseeverynowandthen.Butforthelast20or30yearsit'sbeenmostlyjustChristmascards.Ofcoursethere'dbealwaysanotewe'deachaddtothecards—usuallysomenewsaboutourfamilies,youknow,whatthekidsweredoing,whomovedwhere,anewgrandchild,thingslikethat—butneverarealletteroranythinglikethat."

"Thisisagoodparthere,"Isaid."WhereitsaysYourfriendshipovertheyearshasmeantanawfullottome,morethanIcansaybecauseI'mnotgoodatsayingthingslikethat."Ifoundmyselfnoddinginagreement."Thatmusthavemadeyoufeelgood,didn'tit"

ThedriversaidsomethingthatIcouldn'tunderstandbecauseheseemedtobeallchokedup,soIcontinued:"IknowI'dliketoreceivealetterlikethatfrommyoldestfriend."

WeweregettingclosetoourdestinationsoIskippedtothelastparagraph.SoIthoughtyou'dliketoknowthatIwasthinkingofyou.Anditwassigned，YourOldFriend,Tom.

Ihandedbacktheletteraswestoppedatmyhotel."Enjoyedtalkingwithyou,"IsaidasItookmysuitcaseoutofthecab.TomTheletterwassignedTom

"Ithoughtyourfriend'snamewasEd,"Isaid."WhydidhesignitTom"

"TheletterwasnotfromEdtome,"heexplained."I'mTom.It'saletterIwrotetohimbeforeIknewhe'ddied.SoInevermailedit."

Helookedsortofsorrowful,orasifheweretryingtoseesomethinginthedistance."IguessIshouldhavewrittenitsooner."

WhenIgottomyhotelroomIdidn'tunpackrightaway.FirstIhadtowritealetter—andmailit.

(1093words)

NewWordsandExpressions

cabbien.(infml)ataxidriver

belostin/loseoneselfin:beabsorbedin,befullyoccupiedwith用心致志于

windshield:n.(AmE)theglasswindowinthefrontofacar,truck,etc.（汽车的）挡风玻璃

cabn.ataxi出租车

availablea.abletobeused,hadorreached可用的；可得到的

apologetically

ad.showingorsayingthatoneissorryforsomefaultorwrong致歉地，带着歉意地

orsomething

(infml)(usedwhenyouarenotverysureaboutwhatyouhavejustsaid)诸如此类的事

goaheadcontinue;begin

know/learnbyheart:memorize,rememberexactly记住，能背出

estimatevt.formajudgementabout估计

might/may(just)aswell不妨，（也）无妨

notmuchofa:notagood不太好的

keepup:continuewithoutstopping保持

correspondencen.theactofwriting,receivingorsendingletters;letters通信（联系）；信件

practically:ad.almost

kid:n.(infml)achild

alltheway自始至终，始终

neighborhoodn.邻居；四邻

kind/sortof:(infml)alittlebit,insomewayordegree有几分，有点儿

losetouch失去联系

acoupleof几个；一对，一双

guyn.家伙；伙计

tougha.(infml)unfortunate;difficult;strong不幸的；困难的；坚实的；坚毅的

onone'smind挂记在心头

keepintouch(with)（及…）保持联系，保持接触

comeup:happen,occur,esp.unexpectedly（尤指意想不到地）发生，出现

shrugv.lift(theshoulders)slightly耸（肩）

urgev.tryveryhardtopersuade力劝，督促

postponevt.delay推迟，使延期

referencen.提及，谈到；参考，查阅

absolutelyad.completely完全地，极其absolutea.

reunion▲n.（家人,朋友,同事等久别后的）重聚

goby:(oftime)pass（时间）逝去

hangout(infml)stayinornearaplace,notdoingverymuch闲荡；徘徊

everynowandthen:sometimes,attimes

mostlyad.almostall;generally几乎全部；多半，大体

awfula.(infml)(usedtoaddforce)verygreat;verybadorunpleasant特别的，极大的；可怕的，糟糕的

chokev.（使）窒息，堵塞

chokeup:becometooupsettospeak（因激烈等）哽得说不出话；堵塞

destinationn.目的地

skip▲v.略过，跳过；跳动

sorrowfula.showingorcausingsadness难过的，凄惨的sorrown.

inthedistance:faraway

unpackv.takeout(things)from(asuitcase,etc.)打开

rightaway:atonce

全新版大学英语综合教程第一册Unit3Unit3UnderstandingScience

PartIPre-readingTask

Listentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions:

1.Whoisitabout

2.Whatquestionsinteresthim

3.Whatmakeshisachievementssoremarkable

Thefollowingwordsintherecordingmaybenewtoyou:

universen.宇宙

musclen.肌肉

engagev.及…订婚

PartII

TextA

ProfessorHawkingthinksitimportanttokeepeverybodyintouchwithwhatscienceisabout.Inthisarticleheexplainswhy.

PUBLICATTITUDESTOWARDSCIENCE

Whetherwelikeitornot,theworldweliveinhaschangedagreatdealinthelasthundredyears,anditislikelytochangeevenmoreinthenexthundred.Somepeoplewouldliketostopthesechangesandgobacktowhattheyseeasapurerandsimplerage.Butashistoryshows,thepastwasnotthatwonderful.Itwasnotsobadforaprivilegedminority,thougheventheyhadtodowithoutmodernmedicine,andchildbirthwashighlyriskyforwomen.Butforthevastmajorityofthepopulation,lifewasnasty,brutish,andshort.

Anyway,evenifonewantedto,onecouldn'tputtheclockbacktoanearlierage.Knowledgeandtechniquescan'tjustbeforgotten.Norcanonepreventfurtheradvancesinthefuture.Evenifallgovernmentmoneyforresearchwerecutoff(andthepresentgovernmentisdoingitsbest),theforceofcompetitionwouldstillbringaboutadvancesintechnology.Moreover,onecannotstopinquiringmindsfromthinkingaboutbasicscience,whetherornottheyarepaidforit.Theonlywaytopreventfurtherdevelopmentswouldbeaglobalstatethatsuppressedanythingnew,andhumaninitiativeandinventivenessaresuchthateventhiswouldn'tsucceed.Allitwoulddoisslowdowntherateofchange.Ifweacceptthatwecannotpreventscienceandtechnologyfromchangingourworld,wecanatleasttrytoensurethatthechangestheymakeareintherightdirections.Inademocraticsociety,thismeansthatthepublicneedstohaveabasicunderstandingofscience,sothatitcanmakeinformeddecisionsandnotleavetheminthehandsofexperts.Atthemoment,thepublicisintwomindsaboutscience.Ithascometoexpectthesteadyincreaseinthestandardoflivingthatnewdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyhavebroughttocontinue,butitalsodistrustssciencebecauseitdoesn'tunderstandit.ThisdistrustisevidentinthecartoonfigureofthemadscientistworkinginhislaboratorytoproduceaFrankenstein.ItisalsoanimportantelementbehindsupportfortheGreenparties.Butthepublicalsohasagreatinterestinscience,particularlyastronomy,asisshownbythelargeaudiencesfortelevisionseriessuchasTheSkyatNightandforsciencefiction.

Whatcanbedonetoharnessthisinterestandgivethepublicthescientificbackgrounditneedstomakeinformeddecisionsonsubjectslikeacidrain,thegreenhouseeffect,nuclearweapons,andgeneticengineeringClearly,thebasismustlieinwhatistaughtinschools.Butinschoolsscienceisoftenpresentedinadryanduninterestingmanner.Childrenlearnitbyrotetopassexaminations,andtheydon'tseeitsrelevancetotheworldaroundthem.Moreover,scienceisoftentaughtintermsofequations.Althoughequationsareabriefandaccuratewayofdescribingmathematicalideas,theyfrightenmostpeople.WhenIwroteapopularbookrecently,IwasadvisedthateachequationIincludedwouldhalvethesales.Iincludedoneequation,Einstein'sfamousequation,E=mc2.MaybeIwouldhavesoldtwiceasmanycopieswithoutit.

Scientistsandengineerstendtoexpresstheirideasintheformofequationsbecausetheyneedtoknowtheprecisevaluesofquantities.Butfortherestofus,aqualitativegraspofscientificconceptsissufficient,andthiscanbeconveyedbywordsanddiagrams,withouttheuseofequations.

Thesciencepeoplelearninschoolcanprovidethebasicframework.Buttherateofscientificprogressisnowsorapidthattherearealwaysnewdevelopmentsthathaveoccurredsinceonewasatschooloruniversity.Ineverlearnedaboutmolecularbiologyortransistorsatschool,butgeneticengineeringandcomputersaretwoofthedevelopmentsmostlikelytochangethewayweliveinthefuture.Popularbooksandmagazinearticlesaboutsciencecanhelptoputacrossnewdevelopments,buteventhemostsuccessfulpopularbookisreadbyonlyasmallproportionofthepopulation.Onlytelevisioncanreachatrulymassaudience.TherearesomeverygoodscienceprogrammesonTV,butotherspresentscientificwonderssimplyasmagic,withoutexplainingthemorshowinghowtheyfitintotheframeworkofscientificideas.Producersoftelevisionscienceprogrammesshouldrealizethattheyhavearesponsibilitytoeducatethepublic,notjustentertainit.

Theworldtodayisfilledwithdangers,hencethesickjokethatthereasonwehavenotbeencontactedbyanaliencivilizationisthatcivilizationstendtodestroythemselveswhentheyreachourstage.ButIhavesufficientfaithinthegoodsenseofthepublictobelievethatwemightprovethiswrong.

(812words)

NewWordsandExpressions

attituden.看法；看法

likelya.probable可能的ad.probably可能

privilegeda.havingaspecialadvantage有特权的

privilegen.特权

minorityn.少数

dowithout没有…而设法应付过去

highlyad.very很，特别

riskya.fullofdanger;fullofthepossibilityoffailure,loss,etc.危险的；有风险的

nastya.veryunpleasant令人难过的

brutisha.野兽般的，野蛮的

anywayad.(usedtochangethesubjectofaconversationortosupportanideaorargument)anyhow不管怎么说

put/turntheclockback倒退，开倒车

cutoff:stopproviding(sth.);remove(sth.)bycutting切断，中断；切下，剪下

competitionn.竞争；竞赛

bringabout:make(sth.)happen引起，导致

technologyn.技术

moreoverad.而且，再者

inquiringa.showinganinterestinknowingaboutthings好问的，爱探究的

inquirev.询问

globala.worldwide,ofthewholeearth世界的，全球的

suppress▲vt.keepfromappearing抑制；压制

initiativen.首创精神；主动

inventivenessn.独创才能，创建力

slowdown:makeslower减慢

raten.速度；比率

ensurevt.makesure保证，确保

democratica.民主的

informeda.有知识的，了解状况的；明智的

informvt.告知，通知

expertn.专家

atthemoment:now此刻，目前

intwominds迟疑不决；三心二意

steadya.constant;firm平稳的；稳定的

evidenta.clear,obvious明显的

cartoonn.漫画；动画片

elementn.成分；元素

astronomy▲n.天文学

audiencen.观众；听众；读者

seriesn.连续；系列；系列节目

fictionn.小说；虚构

harnessvt.controlandmakeuseof驾驭；利用

backgroundn.背景

acida.,n.酸（性的）；酸味的（物质）

greenhousen.温室

nucleara.原子核的；核心的

weaponn.武器

genetic▲a.基因的；遗传（学）的

engineeringn.工程；工程学

basisn.基础

liein:existorbefoundin在于

roten.死记硬背

learnbyrote死记硬背地学习

relevancen.相关，关联

intermsof从…方面（或角度）来说；依据，依据

equationn.等式，方程（式）

briefa.short;quick简洁的；短暂的

accuratea.exact精确的，精确的

mathematicala.数学的

halvevt.将…减半

tendvi.belikelytohappenorhaveaparticularcharacteristicoreffect倾向，趋向

intheformof:havingtheshapeof;existinginaparticularform呈…的形态；以…形式

precisea.exact精确的

qualitativea.定性的；性质上的

graspn.understanding驾驭，了解

conceptn.概念

sufficienta.asmuchasisneeded,enough充分的，足够的

conveyvt.make(ideas,feelings,etc.)knowntoanother传达；表达

diagramn.图表；图解

frameworkn.框架；结构

moleculara.分子的

biologyn.生物学

transistorn.晶体管；晶体管收音机

putacross:causetobeunderstood说明清晰，使被理解

proportionn.比例；部分

trulyad.真正地；确实地

magicn.魔术；魔力

fitinto:bepartofasituation,system,etc.；bepartofagroupofpeopleorthings适合；符合；属于

responsibilityn.责任

educatevt.teachortrain教化

entertainvt.givepleasureto;haveasaguest给…以快乐；款待

hencead.asaresult,therefore;fromthistime因此；从今

contactvt.getintouchwith及…接触

alien▲a.foreign;strange外国的；生疏的

civilizationn.文明

ProperNames

StephenHawking斯蒂芬·霍金

Einstein爱因斯坦（1879—1955,美籍德国理论物理学家）全新版大学英语综合教程第一册Unit4Unit4AmericanDream

PartIPre-readingTask

Listentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions:

1.AccordingtoDr.Hertz,whatdidtheAmericanDreammeantohisgrandparents

2.InDr.Hertz'sopinion,whowantspeopletobelieveintheAmericanDreamWhy

3.WhydoesDr.HertzsaytheAmericanDreamisinone'sheadandinone'spocket

4.WhatdoyouunderstandbytheAmericanDream

Thefollowingwordsintherecordingmaybenewtoyou:

povertyn.贫困

advertisingn.广告宣扬

PartII

TextA

TheAmericanDreammeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Butformany,