2024年上海专用英语近两年名校联考模拟题04 阅读理解（说明文）（解析版）

专题04阅读理解（说明文）（解析版）

目录

1.上海市格致中学2023-2024学年高三试卷

2.上海市卢湾高级中学2023年高三英语模拟考试

3.上海市杨浦区同济大学第一附属中学2023年高三试题

4.上海市宝山区2023年高三区统考试卷

5.上海市格致中学2023-2024学年高三试题

6.上海市控江中学2023年学高三试卷

7.上海市涌东新区新川中学2023年高三试题

8.上海市大同中学校考开学2023年高三试卷

9.上海市同济大学第一附属中学2023年高三试题

1（）.上海市吴淞中学2023年高三调研试卷

1.【上海市格致中学2023・2024学年高三试卷】

Mostmanagerscanidentifythemajortrendsoftheday.Butinthecourseofconductingresearchinanumber

ofindustriesandworkingdirectlywithcompanies,wehavediscoveredthatmanagersoftenfailtorecognizethe

lessobviousbutprofoundwaysthesetrendsareinfluencingconsumers'aspirations,attitudes,andbehaviors.This

isespeciallytrueoftrendsthatmanagersviewasperipheraltotheircoremarkets.ExpertsfromHarvardBusiness

Schoolgivesomeadvicetomanagers.

Onestrategy,knownas'infuseandaugment9,istodesignaproductorservicethatkeepsmostofthe

attributesandfunctionsofexistingproductsinthecategorybutaddsothersthataddresstheneedsanddesires

unleashedbyamajortrend.AcaseinpointisthePoppyrangeofhandbags,whichthefirmCoachcreatedin

responsetotheeconomicdownturnof2008.TheCoachbrandhadbeenasymbolofwealthandluxuryfornearly

70years,andthemostobviousreactiontothedownturnwouldhavebeentolowerprices.However,thatwould

haveriskedcheapeningthebrand'simage.Instead,theyinitiatedaconsumer-researchprojectwhichrevealedthat

customerswereeagertoliftthemselvesandthecountryoutoftoughtimes.Usingtheseinsights,Coachlaunched

thelower-pricedPoppyhandbags,whichwereinbrightcolors,andlookedmoreyouthfulandplayfulthan

conventionalCoachproducts.Creatingthesub-brandallowedCoachtoavoidanacross-the-boardpricecut.In

contrasttothemanycompaniesthatrespondedtotherecessionbycuttingprices,Coachsawthenewconsumer

mindsetasanopportunityforinnovationandrenewal.

Amoreradicalstrategyis'combineandtranscend,.Thisinvolvescombiningaspectsoftheproduct's

existingvaluepropositionwithattributesaddressingchangesarisingfromatrend,tocreateanovelexperience-

onethatmaylandthecompanyinanentirelynewmarketspace.Atfirstglance,spendingresourcestoincorporate

elementsofaseeminglyirrelevanttrendintoone'scoreofferingssoundslikeit'shardlyworthwhile.Butconsider

Nike'smovetointegratethedigitalrevolutionintoitsreputationforhigh-performanceathleticfootwear.In2006,

theyteamedupwithtechnologycompanyAppletolaunchNike+,adigitalsportskitcomprisingasensorthat

attachestotherunningshoeandawirelessreceiverthatconnectstotheuser'siPod.BycombiningNike'soriginal

valuepropositionforamateurathleteswithonefordigitalconsumers,theNike+sportskitandwebinterface

movedthecompanyfromafocusonathleticappareltoanewplaneofengagementwithitscustomers.

Onceyouhavegainedperspectiveonhowtrend-relatedchangesinconsumeropinionsandbehaviorsimpact

onyourcategory,youcandeterminewhichofourinnovationstrategiestopursue.Trends-technological,

economic,environmental,social,orpolitical—thataffecthowpeopleperceivetheworldaroundthemandshape

whattheyexpectfromproductsandservicespresentfirmswithuniqueopportunitiesforgrowth.

63.Theunderlinedword“peripheral“inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.

A.marginalB.importantC.subjectD.relevant

64.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,Coachwasanxiousto.

A.followwhatsomeofitscompetitorsweredoing

B.maintainitspricesthroughoutitsrange

C.safeguarditsreputationasamanufacturerofluxurygoods

D.modifytheentirelookofitsbrandtosuittheeconomicclimate

65.WhatdoesthewritersuggestaboutNike'sstrategy?

A.Itwasanextremelyriskystrategyatthetime.

B.itwasastrategythatonlyamajorcompanycouldaffordtofollow.

C.Itwasthetypeofstrategythatwouldnothavebeenpossibleinthepast.

D.Itwasthekindofstrategythatmightappeartohavefewobviousbenefits.

66.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably.

A.KnowingmoreaboutyourcustomersB.Makingthemostoftrends

C.EyesonstrategiesD.Followingtheadvice

【答案】63.A64.C65.D66.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是哈佛商学院的专家给管理者们提出的利用趋势的两种策略。

63.词句猜测题。根据第一段的"wehavediscoveredthatmanagersoftenfailtorecognizethelessobviousbut

profoundwaysthesetrendsareinfluencingconsumers5aspirations,attitudes,andbehaviors（我们发现，管理者往

往没有意识到这些趋势对消费者的愿望、态度和行为产生的不那么明显但深刻的影响）“可知，有些趋势已

经被边缘化，划线词所在句子的意思是“对于那些被基金经理视为核心市场边缘的趋势来说，尤其如此

由此可知，划线词peripheral的意思是“边缘的"，和marginal意思相近，故选A。

64.推理判断题。根据第二段的“TheCoachbrandhadbeenasymbolofwealthandluxuryfornearly70years,

andthemostobviousreactiontothedownturnwouldhavebeentolowerprices.However,thatwouldhaverisked

cheapeningthebrand'simage.Instead,theyinitiatedaconsumer-researchprojectwhichrevealedthatcustomers

wereeagertoliftthemselvesandthecountryoutoftoughlimes.（近70年来，蔻驰品牌一直是财富和奢侈的象

征，对经济衰退最明显的反应应该是降价。然而，这可能会降低该品牌的形象。相反，他们发起了一个消

费者研究项目，该项目显示，消费者渴望让自己和国家走出困境）”可知，Coach急于维护其作为奢侈品制

造商的声誉。故选C。

65.推理判断题。根据第三段的“Atfirstglance,spendingresourcestoincorporateelementsofaseemingly

irrelevanttrendintoone'scoreofferingssoundslikeit'shardlyworthwhile.（乍一看，花费资源将看似无关的趋

势元素整合到自己的核心产品中，听起来几乎不值得）”可知，关于耐克的策略，作者暗示的是这种策略似

乎没有什么明显的好处。故选D。

66.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Onceyouhavegainedperspectiveonhowtrend-relatedchanges

inconsumeropinionsandbehaviorsimpactonyourcategory,youcandeteminewhichofourinnovation

strategiestopursue.Trends-technological,economic,environmental,social,orpolitical-thataffecthow

peopleperceivetheworldaroundthemandshapewhattheyexpectfromproductsandservicespresentfirmswith

uniqueopportunitiesforgrowth.（一旦你了解了消费者观点和行为的趋势变化对你的产品类别的影响，你就可

以决定我们应该采取哪些创新策略。技术、经济、环境、社会或政治等趋势影响着人们对周围世界的认知，

塑造了人们对产品和服务的期望，为企业提供了独特的增长机会户可知，本文主要讲的是哈佛商学院的专

家给管理者们提出的利用趋势的两种策略，因此最好的题目是B选项“Makingthemostoftrends（充分利用

趋势）:故选B。

2.【上海市卢湾高级中学2023年高三英语模拟考试】

Whenasharpchestpainwokemeuparound3A.M.,Ihadtheobviousquestion:Wasthistruly

panic-worthy?

Ithoughtaboutdialing911,butthenInoticedthat...well,thepainwasontherightsideofmychestrather

thantheleft.Mybreathingwasn'tlabored.Myheartwasn'tbeatingfast.Solikemillionsbeforeme,Icompared

mysymptomswiththoseonthesearchengine.Ontopofthescreenwasanarticleentitled"16CausesofRight

SideChestPain.^^Bingo,Ithought-exceptitwasanad.Imovedontotheactualsearchresults,whichwere

headlined"17CausesofPainintheRightSideoftheChest"and"26CausesofChestPain&Tightness.^^WhenI

gotto"3TypesofChestPainThatWon'tKillYou,,,Istartedwondering:Whatwerealltheseweirdarticles?

Thetitleswereaboutmakinguseofsearchengine'salgorithm（算7去）tograbpeople'sattentionattheirweak

moments.Thisiscalledsearch-engineoptimization,orSEO:theartandscienceofengineeringforhigher

placementinthesearchresultsandgettingpeopletoclickonthelinks.Unlikealotof"medicalinfbrmation”

online,SEOitselfisinfactbasedonthescientificmethodcalledstand-out.Wenoticethingsthatstandout-like

oddlyprecisenumbers.

Istillneededinformation,though,soIclickedonaresultfromWebMD.Ihadseenthatsitebefore,andit

didn'tseemlikeitcontainedfakeinformation.IwasbarelyaparagraphortwoinwhenInoticedlinksaboutlung

cancersymptoms.Huh?Lungcanceroftencausesnopainuntilitslaterstages.ThenIrealizedthatthe

informationaboutlungcancerwasanad,butthe"ad"signwasbarelynoticeable.Duringanemergencyitis

obviouslynotthebesttimetoscarepeopleintoclickinglinksforunlikelydiseases.Indeed,ifyouclickedonthese

“lungcancersymptoms,“thebrowsertookyoueventuallytoasiteadvertisingalungcancermedicine.Ugh.

Havingmedicalinformationonlinebefinancedbyadvertisersordrugcompanies-orsupplement

manufacturers—iscertainlynothealthy.Theyoftenhaveanincentive（动步L）toscareus.Ifsalose-losesituation.

Sometimeswedoneedtobeworriedandseekmedicalcare.Othertimesit'sjustfearmongeringclicks.Butwho

cantellwhenoneisincrisis?

60.Whentheauthorsearchedhersymptomsonline,shewastryingtofindoutwhether.

A.sheneededtocallforanambulanceimmediately

B.sheshouldvisitamedicalprofessionalforadvice

C.therewasaneffectivemedicineforherchestpain

D.herpainwasasignofsomekindofheartproblem

61.AccordingtoSEO,whichpartofthefollowingarticletitlemakesitstandout?

16CausesofPainintheRightSideoftheChestthatWon'tKillYou

A.“16.”B.“CausesofPain.”

C."RightSideoftheChest.^^D.“KillYou.^^

62.WhatisthemainproblemoftheWebMDaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Itsinformationistooscaryandworryingforbrowsers.

B.Itisnotaspecializedwebsiteoflungcancersymptoms.

C.Itisnotdesignedfortreatingemergencysituations.

D.Itisprobablysponsoredbymedicalcompanies.

【答案】60.D61.A62.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者根据自己经历来描述一种互联网搜索现象，即搜索引擎优化，也就是SEO：

在搜索结果中获得更高位置并让人们点击链接的工程艺术和科学。

【60题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Solikemillionsbeforeme,Icomparedmysymptomswiththoseonthesearchengine.

Ontopofthescreenwasanarticleentitled"16CausesofRightSideChestPain."Bingo,Ithought-exceptitwas

anad.Imovedontotheactualsearchresults,whichwereheadlined"17CausesofPainintheRightSideofthe

Chest"and"26CausesofChestPain&Tightness."（于是，像我之前的数百万人一样，我将自己的症状与搜索

引擎上的症状进行了比较。屏幕上方是一篇题为“右侧胸痛的16种原因”的文章。答对了，我想——只不过

这是个广告。我接着看实际的搜索结果，标题是“右侧胸部疼痛的17个原因”和“胸部疼痛和胸闷的26个原

因"）”可知，作者在网上搜索她的症状时、是在查找她胸痛的原因，也就是她的疼痛是某种心脏问题的征兆。

故选D。

[61题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段"Unlikealotof''medicalinformation''online,SEOitselfisinfactbasedonthe

scientificmethodcalledstand-out.Wenoticethingsthatstandout—likeoddlyprecisenumbers.（不像网上的彳艮

多“医学信息”，SEO本身其实是基于所谓的脱颖而出的科学方法。我们会注意到一些突出的东西——比如

奇怪的精确数字）“可知，根据SEO,以下文章标题的数字会脱颖而出。故选A。

【62题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Istillneededinformation,though,so1clickedonaresultfromWebMD.Ihadseen

thatsitebefore,anditdidn'tseemlikeitcontainedfakeinfonnation.IwasbarelyaparagraphortwoinwhenI

noticedlinksaboutlungcancersymptoms.Huh?Lungcanceroftencausesnopainuntilitslaterstages.ThenI

realizedthattheinformationaboutlungcancerwasanad,butthe"ad"signwasbarelynoticeable.（不过，我仍然

需要一些信息，所以我点击了WebMD的一个结果。我以前见过那个网站，它看起来不像包含虚假信息。

我刚读了一两段，就注意到有关肺癌症状的链接。嗯？肺癌通常直到晚期才会引起疼痛。然后我意识到，

关于肺癌的信息是一个广告，但''广告"的标志几乎不明显）”以及最后一"段”Havingmedicalinformationonline

befinancedbyadvertisersordrugcompanies-orsupplementmanufacturers—iscertainlynothealthy.Theyoften

haveanincentive（动机）toscareus.（让广告客户、制药公司或保健品制造商为网上的医疗信息提供资金当然

是不健康的。他们常常有吓唬我们的动机）''可知，作者认为WebMD的主要问题是广告客户、制药公司或

保健品制造商为网上的医疗信息提供资金当然是不健康的，也就是它可能是由医药公司赞助的。故选D。

3.1上海市杨浦区同济大学第一附属中学2023年高三试题】

In1674GeorgeRavenscroft,anEnglishglassmerchant,wasgrantedapatentforthediscoverymadeathis

factoryinLondonthataddingleadoxide(一氧化铝)tothemeltresultedinaclearer,moredurableproduct.Thus

wasbornleadcrystal,andwithitthefashion,inEngland,ofdrinkingwinefromglassvesselsratherthan,say,

metalones.

IBottomsup

CapacityofwineglassesinEngUnd,ml

：800

，1600

1d…

弟刈

'''IL|1一0

17001M019002000

Source：SXJ

Wineglasseshaveevolvedsincethen,ofcourse,andoneaspectofthisevolutionisofparticularinterestto

TheresaMarteauandhercolleaguesintheBehaviourandHealthResearchUnitatCambridgeUniversity.Dr

Marteaususpectedthatglasseshavegotbiggerovertheyears,andthatthismayhavecontributedtotheincreased

drinkingofwineinBritain-anincreasethathasbeenparticularlymarkedinrecentdecades.

AstheyreportintheBMJ,amedicaljournal,sheandherteamobtaineddataonglassvolumesgoingbackto

about1700fromsourcesincludingtheRoyalHouseholdandtheAshmolean,theuniversitymuseumof

Cambridge'sarch-rival,Oxford.Altogether,theyrecordedthecapacityof411glassesand,asthechartshows,

therehasindeedbeenanear-continuoustendencyforthatcapacitytoincreasesinceRavenscroftday(hediedin

1683).Thereisalsoanotableaccelerationoftheprocessstartinginabout1990.Inall,theaveragecapacityofa

wineglassincreasedfrom66mlinthe1700stoalmost450mlin2016-17.

Thatthisvolumetricinflationhasstimulatedwineconsumption-DrMarteau^secondhypothesise^)—is

hardtoprove.Butitmayhavedone.TheamountofwinedrunkinBritainhasrisenmorethansevenfoldsince

1960,whilethepopulationhasgrownbyonly25%.Datacollectedbetween1978and2005byBritain'sOfficeof

NationalStatisticssuggesttheproportionofadultsdrinkingwinefellfrom60%to50%overthatperiod,whilethe

averageweeklywineconsumptionofthosewhodiddrinkthestufftripled,whenmeasuredasunitsofalcohol.

Meanwhile,workdesignedtotestdirectlytheideathatglasssizematters,whichDrMarteaupublishedlast

year,producedmixedresults.ShelookedattheconsequencesforwinesalesatabarinCambridgeofservingits

waresinbothbiggerandsmallerglassesthannormal,whilekeepingtheservingsizesonoffer(125mlor175ml,

accordingtocustomerchoice)thesame.Inweekswhenthebiggerglasseswereused,winesaleswentupby9%

onaverage.Thelargervessels,itseemed,wereindeedencouragingcustomerstoorderrefillsmoreoften.Onthe

otherhand,inweekswhenthesizeoftheglasseswasbelownormal,salesdidnotgodown.Reducingglasssizes,

then,doesnotkeeppeoplesober.

63.WhydoesthewritermentionGeorgeRavenscroftspatentinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroduceanimportantchangeinwineglasses.

B.TopayrespecttoasuccessfulEnglishglassmerchant.

C.Toarousereaders?interestinhowwineglassesaremade.

D.Tomakeacomparisonbetweentwowaysofwineproduction

64.Accordingtothepassage,whatisDrMarteau9sfirsthypothesis?

A.Wineconsumptionhasbeengoingupinthelast100years.

B.Thesizeofwineglasseshasbeenincreasingovertheyears.

C.Winebecameamoredurableproductthreehundredyearsago.

D.Wineusedtobedrunkinasmallmetalcontainer.

65.AccordingtoDrMarteau'sresearch,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Today'swineglassesareasbigasthoseintheearly1900s.

B.ThepopulationofBritainhasgrownmorequicklythanwineconsumption.

C.Thosewhodrankconsumedanincreasingamountofwinebetween1978and2005.

D.Theproportionofadultsdrinkingwinehaskeptgoingdownsince1960.

66.Theword“sober”(inthelastparagraph)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.healthyB.considerateC.notviolentD.notdrunk

【答案】63.A64.B65.C66.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现酒杯尺寸的增大可能是导致英国葡萄酒消费量增加的原因。

63.推理判断题。根据第二段“Wineglasseshaveevolvedsincethen,ofcourse,andoneaspectofthisevolutionis

ofparticularinteresttoTheresaMarteauandhercolleaguesintheBehaviourandHealthResearchUnitat

CambridgeUniversily.(当然，从那时起，酒杯就开始进化了，剑桥大学行为与健康研究部的TheresaMarteau

和她的同事们对这种进化的一个方面特别感兴趣)"以及“DrMarteaususpectedthatglasseshavegotbigger

overtheyears,andthatthismayhavecontributedtotheincreaseddrinkingofwineinBritain-anincreasethat

hasbeenparticularlymarkedinrecentdecadesZ,（Marteau博士怀疑，随着时间的推移，玻璃杯变得越来越大，

这可能是导致英国葡萄酒消费量增加的原因——近几十年来，这种增长尤为明显。）可知，自从有了玻璃

后，英国的葡萄酒杯越来越大。由此推知，第一段提到提到GeorgeRavenscroft的专利是为了介绍酒杯-

个重要的变化。故选A。

64.细节理解题。根据第二段的“DrMarteaususpectedthatglasseshavegotbiggerovertheyears,andthatthis

mayhavecontributedtotheincreaseddrinkingofwineinBritain—anincreasethathasbeenparticularlymarked

inrecentdecades（Marteau博士怀疑，这些年来，玻璃杯越来越大，这可能是英国葡萄酒饮用量增加的原因

之一—近几十年来，这种增长尤为明显）“可知，Marteau的第一个假设是这些年来，酒杯的尺寸一直在增

加。故选B。

65.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Datacollectedbetween1978and2005byBritain'sOfficeofNational

Statisticssuggesttheproportionofadultsdrinkingwinefellfrom60%to50%overthatperiod,whiletheaverage

weeklywineconsumptionofthosewhodiddrinkthestufftripled,whenmeasuredasunitsofalcohol.（英国国家

统计局在1978年至2005年间收集的数据表明，在此期间，成年人饮酒的比例从60%下降到50%,而那些

确实饮酒的人的平均每周饮酒量（以酒精为单位）增加了两倍广可知，根据Marteau的研究1978年至2005

年间，那些饮酒的人饮酒量越来越大。故选C。

66.词句猜测题。根据最后一段的"Ontheotherhand,inweekswhenthesizeoftheglasseswasbelownonnal,

salesdidnotgodown.Reducingglasssizes,then,doesnotkeeppeoplesober.（另一方面，在酒杯大小低于正常

尺寸的几周内，销售额并没有下降。那么，减少玻璃杯的尺寸并不能让人们保持sober）”可知，杯子的尺寸

减小后销售额并没有下降，即减少玻璃杯的尺寸并不能让人们少喝酒或停止喝酒。因此猜测sober意为“少

喝或不喝酒故选D。

4.［上海市宝山区2023年高三区统考试卷】

In1823,ayoungwomannoticedastrangefossilonabeachnearLymeRegis,England.Shedugoutthe

bonesandhadthemcarriedtoherhome.Shecarefullyarrangedtheskeletononatable.Thenshesawsomething

extraordinary.Thecreature\neckwasameterlong—morethanhalfthelengthofitsbody.Itwasunlikeany

animallivingonEarth.

Evenatayoungage,MaryAnninghadatalentforspottingunusualorcuriousfossils.Herfatherdiedin

1810,leavingherfamilyindebt,soMarybegansellingherfossilstocollectors.Ayearlater,agedjust12,she

madeherfirstmajordiscovery—acrocodile-likeskullwithalongskeleton.Itturnedouttobeaseacreaturethat

livedlongago.Namedichthyosaur,or“fish-lizard",itwasthefirstextinctanimalknowntoscience.

Fossilhuntingbroughtinmoney,butitwasadangerousoccupation.Oneday,arockfallkilledherdogand

almostburiedMary.Despitethedangers,shecontinuedtolookfornewfinds.Thelong-neckedfossilshe

uncoveredin1823wasanotherlong-deadseareptile（爬行动物）.Knownasaplesiosaur,itwouldinspirelegends

——includingthatoftheLochNessMonster.Fiveyearslater,shefoundafossilwithwingbonesandalongtail.It

wasoneofthefirstexamplesofapterosaur—aflyingcreaturethatdisappearedmillionsofyearsago.

Marywasnotonlyaskilledfossilhunter;shealsocarefullyexaminedandrecordedherfinds.However,she

receivedlittlecreditfromotherscientists.Onlyoneofherscientificwritingswaspublishedinherlifetime,in

1839.ShewasalsonotallowedtojoinLondon'sGeologicalSociety,asonlymencouldbecomemembers.

MaryAnningdiedin1847,buthercontributionshavenotbeenforgotten.Herfindsarenowdisplayedin

museumsinLondonandParis.ThebeachnearherhomeisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,knownasthe

JurassicCoast.Herlifecontinuestoinspirevisitorshopingtofindtheirownfossilwonders.Accordingto

Britain'sNaturalHistoryMuseum,MaryAnningwas“thegreatestfossilhuntertheworldhaseverknown”.She

wasalsoascientistwhochangedthewaywethinkaboutlifeonEarth.

36.WhydidMaryAnningstartsellingfossils?

A.Toestablishhernameasascientist.B.Toraisepublicinterestinherarticles.

C.Togainmoneytostartamuseum.D.Toearnmoneytosupportherfamily.

37.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMaryAnning?

A.Shepublishedseveralscientificarticlesinherlifetime.

B.Shewasnearlykilledbyarockfallnearthebeach.

C.ShewasamemberoftheLondonGeologicalSociety.

D.Thebeachnearherhomeisnamedafterher.

38.Whatistrueaboutthepterosaurfind?

A.ItlookedsimilartotheLochNessMonster.

B.Itwasthefirstdiscoveryofanextinctanimal.

C.Itshowedthatsomeextinctcreatureshadwings.

D.ItdemonstratedthatMaryAnningwasanexpertinfossilfinds.

39.Whatwouldbethepropertitleforthepassage?

A.Long-NeckedCreaturesfromthePastB.TheWorld'sGreatestFossilHunter

C.TheDiscoveryoftheFirstPterosaurD.TreasureofFossils

【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位寻找化石的专家MaryAnning的生平事迹。

36.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Herfatherdiedin1810,leavingherfamilyindebt,soMarybegansellingher

fossilslocolleclors.（她的父亲在1810年去世，让她的家庭负债累累，所以Mary开始把她的化石卖给收藏

家。户可知，Mary之所以要开始卖化石是因为家中负债累累，她得卖化石养家。故选D。

37.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Oneday,arockfallkilledherdogandalmostburiedMary.（一天，落石砸

死了她的狗，差点把Mary埋了。厂可知I,Mary差点被落石砸中活埋。故选B。

38.细节理解题。根据第三段“Fiveyearslater,shefoundafossilwithwingbonesandalongtail.Itwasoneof

thefirstexamplesofapterosaur——aflyingcreaturethatdisappearedmillionsofyearsago.（五年后，她发现了——

块有翼骨和长尾巴的化石。这是翼龙的首批样本之一，翼龙是一种数百万年前消失的飞行生物。）“可知，

翼龙化石的发现表明了•些已经灭绝的生物是有翅膀的。故选C。

39.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“AccordingtoBritain'sNaturalHistoryMuseum,MaryAnningwas“the

greatestfossilhuntertheworldhaseverknown”.Shewasalsoascientistwhochangedthewaywethinkabout

lifeonEarth.（英国自然历史博物馆称，MaryAnning是“世界上最伟大的化石猎人”。她还是一位科学家，

她改变了我们对地球生命的看法。）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一位寻找化石的专家MaryAnning的生

平事迹。所以“TheWordsGreatestFossilHunter（世界上最伟大的化石猎人）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选

Bo

5.【上海市格致中学2023・2024学年高三试题】

AnewexhibitioninParisaimstoshowhowEnglandinthemiddleageswasverymuchpartofEurope5s

dynamicart,architectural,tradeandculturescenebetweenAD1000andAD1500.

Organizerssaidtheeventwoulddiscreditthe“popularperception^^-mainlyacrosstheChannel-that

medievalEnglandwas''primitiveandbarbaric”,whileFranceandpartsofEuropeenjoyedagothiczenith.

JamesRobinson,theexhibitioncurator,saidtherehadbeena“reassessment”ofEngland'scontributionto

Europeanartinthemiddleagesoverthepasthalfacentury.urdliketoblowapartthepopularperceptionthatthe

middleageswereallaboutpestilence（plague）,theBlackDeathandreligiousrepression,anddemonstratethe

artisticandtechnicalexcellencethatwasevidenthesaid."Whenyoulookattheartworksinthisexhibitionyou

willseesomeofthetruemasterpiecesoftheage.”

Unfortunately,whileFranceandotherEuropeancountrieslargelypreservedtheirmedievaltreasures,

England'sartisticheritagewas^systematicallyandruthlesslydecimated”bythe16th-centuiyReformationand

therevolutionledbyOliverCromwellinthe1640s.TheEnglishReformation,afterHenryVIIIwrestedthe

ChurchofEnglandawayfromtheauthorityoftheCatholicchurchinRome,sawtheking'schiefminister,

ThomasCromwell,closedownthemonasteries,confiscatingtheirrichesandinmanycasesdismantlingthe

buildings.€UAIIthingsofvaluewerespoiled,pluckedawayorutterlydefaced...anditseemedeverypersonwas

intentuponfilchingandspoilingwhathecould,wroteMichaelSherbrook,the16th-centuryrectorofWickersley

nearRocheAbbeyinSouthYorkshire.

AmongtheexhibitsattheParisexhibitionthatopensonFridayareraretreasuresthatescapedthe16th-and

17th-centurypillageanddestruction,includingtheGloucesterCandlestick,theBecketCasket,theClareChasuble,

theLuckofEdenhallandtheSyonCope.MarieLavandier,thepresidentofFrance'sNationalMonumentsCentre,

saidf'TheexhibitionhighlightstheextraordinaryrichnessoftheartisticexchangesthatunitedEnglandwith

continentalEurope.AtthismomentwhenweareinterrogatingourselvesaboutourrelationshipwithEurope,what

theexhibitionisalsodemonstratingisthatwehavealwaysbeencloselytiedtoitintermsofcommerceand

diplomaticrelationships.”

56.What'sthepopularperceptionofEnglandinthemiddleages?

A.Englandwasthecentreofthemedievalculture

B.Englandenjoyedthetoplevelingothicart

C.EnglandlaggedfarbehindFranceandotherpartsofEuropeinart

D.Englandhadtheadvancedandfirst-ratearchitecturethen

57.Whafsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“decimated"inparagraph4?

A.refreshedB.replicatedC.promotedD.undermined

58.FromMichaelSherbrookecommentwecanlearnthat

A.DestructionswereplottedbyFranceandotherEuropeancountries

B.ArtistictreasuressufferedhugelossundertheChurchofEngland

C.Hewastotallyastonishedaboutwhathappened

D.TheCatholicchurchshouldberesponsibleforthewholeevent

59.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.ThechaosmedievalageofEngland

B.TheParisexhibitiondispelsmythof"primitive"Englandinmiddleages

C.HowtoenjoyanewexhibitioninParis

D.AnintroductiontoartisticexchangesinEngland

【答案】56.C57.D58.C59.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了巴黎的一个新展览，旨在打破人们普遍认为中世纪都是关于瘟

疫、黑死病和宗教镇压的看法，并展示显而易见的艺术和技术卓越。

56.细节理解题。由文第二段“Organizerssaidtheeventwoulddiscreditthe"popularperception^^-mainlyacross

theChannel-thatmedievalEnglandwas“primitiveandbarbaric"，whileFranceandpartsofEuropeenjoyeda

gothiczenith.”（组织者表示，这场活动将破坏“大众的看法”——主要是在英吉利海峡对岸——即中世纪的

英格兰是“原始和野蛮的“，而法国和欧洲部分地区则享有哥特式的鼎盛时期）可知，在中世纪，人们对英

格兰的普遍看法