高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(47)讲义

①ShanyaGill,a12yearoldmiddleschoolerfromSanJose,California,wonthetopawardintheSocietyforScience'sannualmiddleschoolpetitionfordesigningafiredetectionsystemthatissuperiortoexistingones,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheorganization.②Shanya'sinspirationcameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022，reportedWashingtonPost.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfireatHolder'sCountryInn,whichstartedinthekitchen.“Theyhadsmokedetectors,andyetitstillburneddown,”sheadded.③Aftershestudiedfirestatisticsandsawhowmonfiresare,Shanyadecidedthatshewasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatshebelievescouldpreventthefire.That'sbecausesmokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,whileShanya'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.④Herplexsystemhastwoparts,athermalcameraandaRaspberryPi,atinyputer.Thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealert.⑤Creatingtheprototype(原型)wasdifficultandthehardestpartwasthecoding.“Ihadtwodesigns,andthefinaldevicesucceededbecauseitoutperformssmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”.Shanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmoreaffordablethanhardwiredsmokedetectors.⑥“Shanyasawaproblemandtriedhardtosolveit,andthat'swhatweneedtoencouragewithallyoungpeople,”saidAjmera,presidentandCEOofSocietyforScience.“Herremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectshertalentbutalsopavesthewayforanexcitingnewfuture.”【素材来源：山东名校考试联盟2023年12月高三年级阶段性检测英语试题】24.WhatinspiredShanyatodesignthefiredetectionsystem?Aneighbor'sburntkitchen.B.AreportonWashingtonPost.C.Aterriblerestaurantexperience.D.Ahorriblefireinhermunity.25.HowcanShanya'sfiredetectionsystemhelppreventfire?A.Byhavingpeopleupdated.B.Bysendingawarningmail.C.Bycontrollingthewatertap.D.Byputtingoutaheatsource.26.Whydidthefinaldevicesucceed?A.Itwasfastandprecise.B.Itwascheapandsimple.C.Itwasplexandunique.D.Itwasaffordableandconvenient.27.WhatmayAjmeraagree?A.Teenagersarethearchitectofthefuture.B.Aproblemisachancetobringoutthebest.C.Thethirstforknowledgeisaneverendingone.D.Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit.【五步法解析】串联题干WhatinspiredShanyatodesignthefiredetectionsystem?HowcanShanya'sfiredetectionsystemhelppreventfire?Whydidthefinaldevicesucceed?WhatmayAjmeraagree?主题词归纳：thefiredetectionsystem,thefinaldevice24.WhatinspiredShanyatodesignthefiredetectionsystem?是什么启发了杉雅设计火灾探测系统?A.Aneighbor'sburntkitchen.邻居被烧焦的厨房。B.AreportonWashingtonPost.《华盛顿邮报》报道。C.Aterriblerestaurantexperience.一次糟糕的就餐经历。D.Ahorriblefireinhermunity.她的社区发生了一场可怕的火灾。②Shanya'sinspirationcameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022，reportedWashingtonPost.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfireatHolder'sCountryInn,whichstartedinthekitchen.她告诉《华盛顿邮报》，霍尔德乡村旅馆清晨的火灾是从厨房开始的。“Theyhadsmokedetectors,andyetitstillburneddown,”sheadded.25.HowcanShanya'sfiredetectionsystemhelppreventfire?山亚的火灾探测系统如何帮助预防火灾?A.Byhavingpeopleupdated.通过让人们更新。=这个系统让人们更新室内火灾信息。B.Bysendingawarningmail.通过发送警告邮件。C.Bycontrollingthewatertap.通过控制水龙头。D.Byputtingoutaheatsource.通过放出热源。③Aftershestudiedfirestatisticsandsawhowmonfiresare,Shanyadecidedthatshewasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatshebelievescouldpreventthefire.That'sbecausesmokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,whileShanya'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.这是因为烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感应到活跃的火灾，而山亚的热成像设备旨在阻止火灾的发生。④Herplexsystemhastwoparts,athermalcameraandaRaspberryPi,atinyputer.Thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealert.当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，该设备就会检测到，并发送短信警报。26.Whydidthefinaldevicesucceed?为什么最后的装置成功了?A.Itwasfastandprecise.它又快又准。B.Itwascheapandsimple.它既便宜又简单。C.Itwasplexandunique.它复杂而独特D.Itwasaffordableandconvenient.它既便宜又方便。⑤Creatingtheprototype(原型)wasdifficultandthehardestpartwasthecoding.“Ihadtwodesigns,andthefinaldevicesucceededbecauseitoutperformssmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”.我有两个设计，最终的装置成功了，因为它在速度和准确性上都超过了烟雾探测器。”Shanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmoreaffordablethanhardwiredsmokedetectors.27.WhatmayAjmeraagree?Ajmera会同意什么?A.Teenagersarethearchitectofthefuture.青少年是未来的建筑师。B.Aproblemisachancetobringoutthebest.一个问题是一个让你发挥最好的机会。C.Thethirstforknowledgeisaneverendingone.对知识的渴望是永无止境的。D.Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit预测未来的最好方法就是创造未来⑥“Shanyasawaproblemandtriedhardtosolveit,andthat'swhatweneedtoencouragewithallyoungpeople,”saidAjmera,presidentandCEOofSocietyforScience.“Herremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectshertalentbutalsopavesthewayforanexcitingnewfuture.”她卓越的研究不仅反映了她的才能，也为令人兴奋的新未来铺平了道路。”【逐句翻译】第一段：ShanyaGill,a12yearoldmiddleschoolerfromSanJose,California,wonthetopawardintheSocietyforScience'sannualmiddleschoolpetitionfordesigningafiredetectionsystemthatissuperiortoexistingones,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheorganization.句子结构分析：a12...california做同位语解释shanya;that引导定语从句修饰afiredetectionsystem句意：据美国科学学会发布的一份新闻稿称，来自加州圣何塞的12岁中学生善雅·吉尔(ShanyaGill)设计了一种优于现有火灾探测系统的装置，赢得了该协会年度中学生竞赛的最高奖项。【真题必考词汇】Besuperiortov.优越于，不受诱惑，不屈服于;胜;强似Thesemethods,unfortunately,arenotverysensitiveandmaynotbesuperiortothesoapbubbletest.不过,这些方法不是很灵敏的,并且不可能比肥皂泡试验法好.Accordingto按...所说，根据Theworkwasdoneaccordingtoherinstructions.这项工作是依照她的指示办的。Releaseverb.公布（熟词僻义分析）ThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.新软件计划四月份发行。第二段：Shanya'sinspirationcameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022，reportedWashingtonPost.句子结构分析：reported...非谓语动词做定语修饰washingtonpost据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆。【真题必考词汇】Inspirationn.灵感;鼓舞人心/启发灵感的人或事;好主意Dreamscanbearichsourceofinspirationforanartist.梦境可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfireatHolder'sCountryInn,whichstartedinthekitchen.句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰Holder'sCountryInn句意：“我以前从来没有真正经历过这样的事情，”她告诉《华盛顿邮报》，清晨霍尔德乡村酒店的大火是从厨房开始的“Theyhadsmokedetectors,andyetitstillburneddown,”sheadded.“他们有烟雾探测器，但还是烧毁了，”她补充说。【真题必考词汇】Burndown烧毁Anarchistsburntdownarestaurant.无政府主义者把一家饭店烧成平地。第三段：Aftershestudiedfirestatisticsandsawhowmonfiresare,Shanyadecidedthatshewasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.句子结构分析：that引导宾语从句；how引导宾语从句在学习了火灾统计数据，了解了火灾的常见程度后，珊娅决定要为此做点什么。Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatshebelievescouldpreventthefire.她花了一年多的时间开发了一种火灾探测系统，她认为这种系统可以预防火灾。【真题必考词汇】Spendindoingsomething花时间做某事Thepanyhasspentthousandsofpoundsupdatingtheirputersystems.公司花了几千英镑更新计算机系统。That'sbecausesmokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,whileShanya'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.句子结构分析：while引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句句意：这是因为烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感应到活跃的火灾，而山亚的热成像设备旨在阻止火灾的发生。第四段：Herplexsystemhastwoparts,athermalcameraandaRaspberryPi,atinyputer.她的复杂系统由两部分组成，一个热像仪和一个小电脑树莓派。Thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealert.当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，该设备就会检测到，并发送短信警报。第五段：Creatingtheprototype(原型)wasdifficultandthehardestpartwasthecoding.创建原型(原型)很困难，最困难的部分是编码。“Ihadtwodesigns,andthefinaldevicesucceededbecauseitoutperformssmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”.句子结构分析：because引导原因状语从句句意：“我有两个设计，最终的装置成功了，因为它在速度和准确性上都超过了烟雾探测器。”Shanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmoreaffordablethanhardwiredsmokedetectors.Shanya希望将成本降低到60美元，使其比硬线烟雾探测器更便宜。第六段：“Shanyasawaproblemandt