Unit5EducationLesson3Understanding课件高二英语北师大版选择性

Lesson3

UnderstandingUNIT5EDUCATIONBytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:readandtalkabouthowtoacquireknowledgeandachieveunderstanding;readfordeepunderstanding,andsummarizeinformation;knowtheimportanceofunderstandingandgettingnewknowledge.CONTENTSPre-readingIWhile-readingIIPost-readingIIISentencesanalysisIV1.Doyouknowsomepopularfactsfinallyprovedtobefalse?2.Doyoucompletelybelievewhatgreatscientistssaid?Pre-readingWhile-readingActivity1

Fastreading1．Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1

A．Whypeopledidn’tapproveofthistypeofthinking.Para.2

B．Weshouldthankthegreatmenofthepastfortheirwisdom.Para.3

C．Atypeofanalysis.Para.4

D．Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantlygrowing andchanging.Para.5

E．Somegreatmeninhistoryusingthistypeofthinkingwerenot supported，butpunished.2．Dividethepassageintothreeparts.Part1(Para._)：Howdoweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding?Part2(Para._－Para._)：HowdidpeoplethinkinBacon’stime?Part3(Para._－Para._)：Conclusions123453．What’sthemainideaofthefamoussaying“Alltruthsareeasytounderstandoncetheyarediscovered；thepointistodiscoverthem.”？A．Alltruthsareeasytodiscover.B．It’smostimportanttodiscovertruths.C．It’smoreimportanttounderstandtruthsthantodiscoverthem.D．Ifwewanttodiscovertruths，weshouldfirstunderstandthem.√4．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．FrancisBaconwasgoingagainsttheviewsofhisday.B．GalileoGalileiwasgreattoprovetheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse.C．TheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverseanditdoesn’tmoveroundthesuninaperfectcircle，either.D．Peopleshouldquestionmorebecausegreatmen，evenAristotleandGalilei，mightmakemistakes.√Activity2

CarefulreadingfordetailsPart11．Readparagraph1.Accordingtothewriter，howdoweacquireknowledgeandachieveunderstanding？Completetheflowchart.Tostartwith，weneed_________.Then，tofindanswers，we_______________________________________.Afterthat，we__________________________________________________.questionsobservetheworldaroundusandstudythefactsconsiderpossibleanswersandtesteachtofindtherightones2．Whosolvesproblemsbythinkingandanalysing?A．Peoplenowadays.B．Peopleinthe17thcentury.C．Modernscientistsandthinkers.D．ThegreatphilosopherAristotle.√Part2Ⅰ.Readparagraphs2－3.Completethesentences.1．FrancisBaconbelievedthatthewaytogainknowledgeis________.Butmostpeopleinhisdaysbelieved________________.2．GalileoGalileiprovedthat_____________________________________.Butmanypeopleinhisdays______________________________________________________________________________________________.thinkingmoreinreligiontheEarthwasnotthecentreoftheuniversetendedtoignorethefactsanddidn’twanttochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved3．Aristotle’sunderstandingoftheuniversewasthat____________________________________________because_________________________________________.4．Itisstilloftentruetodaythat_________________________________________________________.theEarthmustbethecentreoftheuniverseitfeltliketheEarthwasstandingstillpeopledon’twanttoabandonwhatthey’vealwaysthoughtastrueⅡ.Answerthefollowingquestions.1．WhatpositiondidBaconholdduringhisdaysandwhatwashistrueinterest?BaconheldanimportantrankinKingJames’royalcourtofEngland.Histrueinterestwastheworthysearchforknowledge.2．AtfirstpeopleapprovedofGalilei’sstudies，butlatertheygotangry.Why?Theydidn’twanttochallengewhattheyhadalwaysthoughtwastrue.3．Whydidpeoplechoosetobelieveviewsthatwereabout2,000yearsold?Becausetheywereunwillingtochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved.4．Weregreatmeninhistoryalwayscorrect？Giveexamples.No.Galileimademistakes.HebelievedthattheEarthmovedroundthesuninaperfectcircles.Buthewaswrong.5．Howdoestheauthordevelopthispartofthepassage?A．Bygivingexamples.

B．Bylistingnumbers.C．Bycomparison.

D．Byquotation.√Part3Ⅰ.Readparas.4－5andfillintheblanks.1．Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantly_______and________.2．Weneedto_____thegreatmenofthepastfortheir________.3．_________and_____________arethingstofightfor.4．PeoplelikeBaconandGalileiwere_____enoughtostepoutfromtheshadowsof____________thought.growingchangingthank

wisdomKnowledgeunderstandingbraveconventionalⅡ.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthewayofacquiringknowledge?Theauthorthinksweshouldkeepaskingquestionsandrespectfacts，andshouldn’tjustacceptanswersfromauthority.Ⅲ.Findtheexpressionsthatshowtheauthor’sattitude.Theexpressionsthatshowtheauthor’sattitudearelike：itseemsobvious，luckilyforus，however，itisnotsurprising，primitiveideas，itfeltlike，maketheassumption，waswrongattimes，sitbackandsay，aworldwithoutquestions，owesomuch...to，stepoutfromtheshadows，tofindthekingdomofknowledge，morevitalto，morebeneficialto...Activity1

Discussion1.Whatdoyouthinkthelastsentenceofthepassagemeans?(Criticalthinking)Post-readingThesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,andmorebeneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.Ithinkthelastsentenceofthetextmeansthatknowledgeandunderstandingaremoreimportantthanmoney.Theyaremorehelpfulandusefulbecausetheycanguideourwaysoflearningabouttheworldandhelpussolveproblemsallthetimewhilemoneycanjustbuycertaingoodsandsolveproblemsforsometime.2.HowdoIknowwhatI’mreadingistrue?(Creativethinking)Themostincomprehensiblethingintheworldisthatthingsareunderstandable.—AlbertEinsteinActivity2

Summary1．__seemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.Tostartwith，weneedquestions.Then,2._______(find)answers，weobservetheworldaroundusandstudythefacts.Afterthat，weconsiderpossibleanswersandtesteachtofindtheright3._____(one)．Modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblems4.____thistypeofanalysis.Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusis5.__________(constant)growingandchanging.Inotherwords，welearnmoreeveryday.Weneedtothankthegreatmenofthepastfortheir6.________(wise)．Theyunderstood7.____wedon’tknoweverythingandprobablyneverwill，forthatwouldmeanaworldwithoutquestions.WeowesomuchofourknowledgeandunderstandingoftheworldtopeoplelikeBaconandGalilei,8.___werebraveenoughtostepoutfromtheshadowsof9.____________(convention)thoughtinordertofindthekingdomofknowledgethattoday’scivilisation10.________(build)upon.IttofindoneswithconstantlywisdomthatwhoconventionalisbuiltSentencesanalysis:1．Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.[句式分析]

此句为_________句；主句为

____________________；It是

__________，how引导_________作真正的主语。[自主翻译]

主从复合Itseemsobviousnow形式主语主语从句今天，如何获取知识、认识世界，人人皆知。2．AlthoughtodaywearemoreusedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettogiveusananswer，modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus.[句式分析]

此句为__________句；主句为________________________________________________________________________________________________；Although引导______________；typingafew...engine和waitingfor...answer为动名词短语作介词to的

______。[自主翻译]

modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus主从复合让步状语从句宾语尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎中敲几个关键词，等待互联网为我们提供答案，但当代科学家、思想家仍采用这种分析方式来解决问题——我们应该为此感到庆幸。3．Atthattime，peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfacts，andpeoplelikeGalileoGalilei(1564－1642)，whoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse”，wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.[句式分析]

此句为______________句；第一个句子主干为_________________________________________；第二个句子主干为___________________________________________________________________；who引导__________________，先行词GalileoGalilei为人，在从句中作主语；that引导____________，作idea的同位语，解释说明idea的内容；withnoonecomingtotheirdefence为“with＋宾语＋doing(宾补)”结构作状语。[自主翻译]

主从复合peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfactspeoplewereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence非限制性定语从句同位语从句那时人们相信教会胜过相信事实，像伽利略·伽利莱(1564—1642)那样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物，往往会被教会惩罚，也没有人会为他们辩护。4．Infact，whenGalileiprovedthattheEarthwasnotthecentreoftheuniverse，insteadofbelievinghim，peoplechosetobelieveviewsthatwerealmost2,000yearsold![句式分析]此句为___________句；句子主干为___________________________；when引导_____________，第一个that引导__________作prove的宾语；第二个that引导__________，先行词views在从句中作主语，指物。[自主翻译]

主从复合peoplechosetobelieveviews时间状语从句宾语从句定语从句事实上，当伽利略证明地球不是宇宙的中心时，人们没有选择相信他，而宁愿相信将近2000年前的陈旧观点！5．ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384­—322BCE).[句式分析]此句为

___________句；主句为__________________；It是__________，that引导__________,作真正的主语；as引导_____________，意为“______”

。[自主翻译]

主从复合Itisnotsurprising形式主语主语从句原因状语从句因为人们愿意相信伟大哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384—前322)提出的那些陈旧的观点，这一点并不奇怪。6．Peoplemaketheassumptionthatifsomeoneimportantandrespectedsaysthatsomethingisright,thenitmustbeso.[句式分析]此句为___________句；主句为___________________________；that引导_________________,解释说明assumption的内容，if引导的从句在从句中作____________；第二个that引导_________.[自主翻译]

主从复合Peoplemaketheassumption同位语从句条件状语从句宾语从句人们认为，如果某个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么它一定是对的。7．ButeventhoughAristotlewasagreatmanwhoinspiredmanygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim，hewaswrongattimes.[句式分析]此句为

___________句；主句为__________________；eventhough引导____________，who引导___________，先行词agreatman在从句中作主语，故用who。[自主翻译]

主从复合hewaswrongattimes让步状语从句定语从句但即使是亚里士多德这样曾鼓舞了很多科学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也会犯错