2024年高考英语一轮复习必修第三册配套课时练汇编

必修第三册Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations

高考题型组合练

I.阅读理解

A

Whenitcomestoteamassembly（团队组建），peoplewhoarebothtrustworthyandcompetent

arethemostsoughtafter.However,thosewhoarefriendlyandtrustworthyaremorelikelytobe

selectedthanthosewhoareknownforjusttheirskillcompetenceandpersonalreputation,

accordingtoanewresearchfromBinghamtonUniversity.

“Weassumethatpeopleareselectedduetotheirknowledge,skillsandabilities.However,

thisresearchsuggeststhatpeoplemayoftengetpickedbecauseteammembersfeelcomfortable

withthem,“saidCynthiaMaupin,assistantprofessorinBinghamtonUniversity?sSchoolof

Management."Peoplemaybewillingtosacrificeabitintermsofperformanceinordertohavea

reallypositiveteamexperience.,,

MaupinandhercolleaguesfocusedonagroupofMBAstudentstoconducttheir

study.Studentswererandomlyassignedtodifferentteamstocarryoutclassprojects.Towardtheend

ofthesemester,theywereaskedtoformtheirownteamsandevaluatewhytheyselectedeach

member.

“Tofindouthowthestudentssignaledtoothersthattheymightbesomeonewhowouldbe

goodtoteamupwithinthefuture,westudiedtheiruseofeitherchallengingorsupportive

voice,“Maupinsaid.

,Challengingvoice：Communicatinginawaythatchallengesthepresentsituationandis

focusedonnewideasandefficiency.

•Supportivevoice：Communicatinginawaythatstrengthenssocialtiesandtrust.

Theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhoexhibitedbothvoiceswerethemostin-demand

peoplewhenitcametoassemblingteams.However,studentswhoonlyusedsupportivevoiceto

exhibittheirfriendlinessandtrustworthinessweremoresoughtafterthanthosewhoonlysignaled

theircompetencethroughtheuseofchallengingvoice.

Maupinsaidthefindingshavemajorimplications（影响）fortheworkplace,"Peopleshould

realizethewaytheyspeakupcanhaveastrongeffectoninformalteamingupatalaterpointand

thatsupportivevoicehelpsestablishharmoniousrelationshipsandasenseoftrustamongst

individuals.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，在组建团队时，更受欢迎的是友好和可

靠的人。

1.WhoareprefeiTedasteammembers?

A.Thoseeasytogetalongwith.

B.Thosewithskillcompetence.

C.Thosewillingtomakesacrifices.

D.Thosewithgoodpersonalreputation.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作为团队成员，那些友好的、易于相处的人更

受欢迎，故选A。

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“signaled“inparagraph7probablymean?

A.Displayed.B.Promised.

C.Replied.D.Gestured.

答案A

解析词义猜测题。根据上文“However,studentswhoonlyusedsupportivevoicetoexhibit

theirfriendlinessandtrustworthinessw可知，此处表示对比，signaled与前面的exhibit同义，

表示“展示”，故选A。

3.WhatdoesMaupinthinkofthefindings?

A.Theymakepeoplemoresupportive.

B.Theyhelpimproveworkcompetence.

C.Theymakesenseforbetterteamassembly.

D.Theyhavestrongeffectsonformalteamingup.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这些发现有助于更好地组建团队，故选C。

4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheSecretofCommunication

B.TheImportanceofCompetence

C.ChallengingVoiceorSupportiveVoice

D.CompetentTeammatesorFriendlyTeammates

答案D

解析标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，本文中的研究主要是围绕在团队组建方面，

有能力的队员更受欢迎还是友好的队员更受欢迎展开的，故选D。

Socialdistancingisnothingnewtohoneybees.Whenacolony（群体）isinfectedwiththe

deadlyIsraeliacuteparalysisvirus（IAPV）,beesarelesslikelytotouchorfeedtheirsicknest

mates,accordingtoanewstudy.

Notmuchisknownabouthowbeesactwheninfectedwithviruses.AdamDolezal,aninsect

physiologistattheUniversityofIllinois,whostudiesIAPV,teamedupwithacomputerscientist

TimGemat,whohaddevelopedanautomatedsystemtomonitorbeebehavior.Theyidentifieda

behaviorcalledtrophallaxis,inwhichhoneybeesfeedtheirfellowworkersbyregurgitating（反刍）

foodfromtheirbodies.

Theyputinfectedbeesintotheircolony.After5daysofrecording,theteamfoundthathealthy

beeswereavoidingcontactwiththeinfectedbees.Thefindingsshowhowbeebehaviorinareal

colonycanpreventaninfection.

Butthevirusappearstohaveanalarmingcounterattack（反攻）：Whensickbeestrytoentera

newcolony,theydoabetterjobofgettingpasttheguardsthanuninfectedbees.Thathasledthe

scientiststopredictthatthevirushasdevelopedawaytospreadtonewcolonies.

Beecoloniesareusuallyguardedbybeestokeepforeignersout.Guardsusetheirspecial

organsintheheadtodetectacollectionofchemicalsignalsontheoutsideoftheirbees,whichis

usedtoidentifythemasmembersofthecolonyorforeigners.

AsforwhyIAPVissosuccessfulattrickingtheguards,itmightbethatitchangesthenumber

ofvariouschemicalsignals,whichdifferbetweenthesickandhealthygroups.Thismakesthe

guardsmorelikelytomisjudgeandaccepttheinfectedbees.Thesickbeesarealsogentlerwhen

challengedbyguardsandmorelikelytoofferthemfood,andthosebehaviorsmayalsohelpthem

spreadthedisease.

IAPVisn'ttheonlypathogen（病原体）beescanbring.IfIAPVhelpsotherpathogensspread,

thatcouldbeabigproblemforcommercialbeekeeperswhopackcoloniestogetherfor

efficiency."There'sverylittleyoucandoifyoususpectavirusinfection，”Dolezal

says.Instead,theyhavegottoincreasethespacebetweencolonies.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，一种IAPV病毒能骗过守卫蜂群的蜜蜂，

进入到蜂巢传播。为了防止蜜蜂感染病毒，蜂群之间要保持一定的距离。

5.What'strueaboutthecolonywithinfectedbees?

A.Sickbeesdon,tfeedhealthybees.

B.Infectedbeeswerelesslikelytobefed.

C.IAPVmadesickbeesunabletosharefood.

D.Infectedbeespracticeddistancingwillingly.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenacolony（群体）isinfectedwiththedeadlyIsraeli

acuteparalysisvirus（IAPV）,beesarelesslikelytotouchorfeedtheirsicknestmates,accordingto

anewstudy.”可知，当一个蜂群有感染病毒的蜜蜂时，感染病毒的蜜蜂不太可能被喂食。故

选Bo

6.Whathaspuzzledscientistsaccordingtothefourthparagraph?

A.Theimpactsof1APVoncolonies.

B.Theconnectionsbetweencolonies.

C.Thesafesocialdistancingbetweenbees.

D.IAPV'sabilitytospreadamongcolonies.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据第四段可知，IAPV病毒似乎会反击，这使得科学家们预测，病毒

已经发展出一种传播到新蜂群的方式。由此可以推断出，科学家们感到困惑的是IAPV病毒

在蜂群中的传播能力。故选D。

7.Whatisthelastbutoneparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howsickbeesinfectotherbees.

B.Howthevirusconfusesguardbees.

C.Howsickbeesgetacceptedbyothers.

D.Howguardbeesdefendtheircolonies.

答案B

解析段落大意题。通读倒数第二段可知，本段主要讲了IAPV病毒是如何成功骗过蜜蜂守

卫的。故选B。

8.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.IAPVcontrolsbeebehaviorwithinacolony.

B.BeesfirstlearnedsocialdistancingduetoIAPV.

C.Distancingofcoloniesisneededtoprotectbees.

D.Beekeepersshouldlearntorecognizeinfectedbees.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“'There'sverylittleyoucandoifyoususpectavirus

infection,?Dolezalsays.Instead,theyhavegottoincreasethespacebetweencolonies.v可推知，

为了保护蜜蜂，蜂群之间保持距离是有必要的，故选C。

n.完形填空

Sweatdroppeddownmyforeheadandback,butIwasdeterminedtopushforward.Though

rdneverbeenmuchofa1,Ihadacrucialtarget—to2mylittlegirl,Bridie.Bornin

January2017,shewasdiagnosed（诊断）withsagittalcraniosynostosis.

Doctorsexplainedthatshe'dneed3.Theyalsonoticedthatherlimbs（四肢）andfingers

weremeasuringquiteshort,soBridie4genetictestingtofindoutwhy.Whenthe_5

cameback,wemetwiththespecialist.Hetoldusthattherare6wouldcauseretinal

degeneration（视网膜恶化），meaningshecouldgoblindanddevelopkidney（肾脏）disease.

ByDecemberthatyear,herspecialist7herkidneyswereonlyfunctioningat30per

cent.Headmittedthatatransplantmightbe8sooner.ltbrokemyheart,andIknewIhadto

9_tohelpsavemygirl.SoI10togiveheroneofmykidneysrightaway.Afterreducingmy

weightbyrunningandundergoingmultipletests,Iwasdeclareda11

Thebigdayfinallyarrived.WhenIcametoseveralhourslater,Iwas12thatBridie's

surgerywasconsideredtohavebeena（n）13.Aftertwodays,Iwasfinallywellenoughtovisit

my14daughter.Givingherabighug,itfeltsogoodtoseeasmileonherface.

Peoplehavecalledmeahero,butIthinkanyparentwoulddothesametosavetheir

child.SeeingthesmileonourbeautifulBridie*sfacemakesitall15.

语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了拯救自己的女儿，为她捐赠了一个

肾的故事。

1.A.doctorB.runner

C.designerD.operator

答案B

解析doctor医生；runner跑步者；designer设计师；operator操作员。根据上文“Swealdropped

downmyforeheadandback,butIwasdeterminedtopushforward.”可知，虽然作者不是很会

跑步，但是作者仍然为了拯救女儿而努力。下文中的“Afterreducingmyweightbyrunning,,

也是提示。故选B。

2.A.saveB.control

C.raiseD.defend

答案A

解析save拯救；control控制：raise举起；defend防御。根据下文“shewasdiagnosed（诊断）

withsagittalcraniosynostosis可知，作者的女儿得了病，所以作者的目标是拯救自己的女儿。

故选A。

3.A.educationB.company

C.surgeryD.recovery

答案C

解析education教育;company陪伴；surgery外科手术；recovery康复。根据下文“Headmitted

thatatransplantmightbesooner.”可知，此处表示医生解释说她需要手术。故选C。

4.A.wentthroughB.triedout

C.gaveupD.putoff

答案A

解析gothrough经历（痛苦）;tryout测试:giveup放弃;putoff推迟。根据下文“genetictesting

tofindoutwhyn可知，作者的女儿还经历了基因测试。故选A。

5.A.effectsB.fruits

C.resultsD.shifts

答案C

解析effect影响；fruit水果；result结果；shift转变。根据下文“wemetwiththespecialist”

以及语境可知，此处表示基因测试的结果出来后作者会见专家。故选C。

6.A.degreeB.chance

C.occasionD.condition

答案D

解析degree程度；chance机会：occasion场合；condition情况。根据下文“wouldcauseretinal

degeneration（视网膜恶化）”可知，这种罕见的情况可能导致视网膜恶化。故选D。

7.A.repeatedB.revealed

C.regrettedD.reflected

答案B

解析repeat重复；reveal透露；regret后悔；reflect反思。根据下文“herkidneyswereonly

functioningat30percent可知，专家将作者女儿的情况透露给作者。故选B。

8.A.requiredB.clarified

C.postponedD.developed

答案A

解析require需要；clarify澄清；postpone推迟；develop开发。根据上文“herkidneyswere

onlyfunctioningat30percent,,可知，医生表示可能需要尽快进行移植手术。故选A。

9.A.wakeupB.lightup

C.stayupD.stepup

答案D

解析wakeup醒来；lightup照亮；stayup熬夜；stepup挺身而出。根据下文“SoIto

giveheroneofmykidneysrightaway.n可知，作者挺身而出救自己的女儿。故选D。

10.A.agreedB.volunteered

C.hesitatedD.managed

答案B

解析agree同意;volunteer自愿;hesitate犹豫；manage管理。根据上文Itbrokemyheart,

andIknewIhadtotohelpsavemygirl.”可知，作者因为女儿的疾病而心碎，自愿为女

儿捐肾。故选B。

11.A.matchB.crisis

C.talentD.danger

答案A

解析match匹配;crisis危机:talent才能;danger危险。根据下文“WhenIcametoseveralhours

later,IwasthatBridie'ssurgerywasconsideredtohavebeena(n).”可知，作者为

女儿捐赠了一个肾，所以此处表示作者匹配成功。故选A。

12.A.warnedB.complained

C.informedD.mentioned

答案C

解析warn警告；complain抱怨；inform告知；menlion提及。根据上文“WhenIcametoseveral

hourslater”以及下文uthatBridie'ssurgerywasconsideredtohavebeena(n)”可知，作

者苏醒之后被告知手术成功。故选C。

13.A.experimentB.mixture

C.honorD.success

答案D

解析experiment实验；mixture混合物；honor荣誉；success成功。根据下文itfeltsogood

toseeasmileonherface?,可知，女儿的脸上带着微笑，她的手术是成功的。故选D。

14.A.anxiousB.adorable

C.disabledD.dynamic

答案B

解析anxious焦虑的；adorable可爱的；disabled残疾的；dynamic充满活力的。根据下文

uGivingherabighug,itfeltsogoodtoseeasmileonherface.并结合选项可知，此处表示作

者去看望自己可爱的女儿。故选B。

15.A.worthwhileB.defensive

C.necessaryD.exceptional

答案A

解析worthwhile值得的；defensive防御的；necessary必要的；exceptional卓越的。根据上

文uSeeingthesmileonourbeautifulBridie?sface并结合作者为女儿捐肾可知，作者认为能

够看到女儿脸上的笑容，一切就都是值得的。故选A。

HL语法填空

(2023•安徽皖南八校联考)

Weseemtobeveryfamiliarwithteahouses.Thefunctionofateahousevarieswidely

1.(depend)ontheculture.InChina,ateahouseisaplace2.people

gathertoenjoytea,chatandsocialize.lt3.(consider)asasymbolofChinesetea

culture.

Chineseteahousesenjoyalong-standinghistory.Theydevelopedfromteastandsinthe

WesternJinDynasty,4.(take)shapeintheTangDynasty,developed5.

(gradual)intheSong,Yuan,Ming,andQingDynastiesandbecameboominginmoderntimes.

IntheSongDynasty,teahousesexistedallovercitiesandvillages,6.arate

comparablewiththatofrestaurants.Theownerspreferredtodecoratetheirteahouseswithpaintings

ofcelebrities(名人)andrareandpreciousplants7.(attract)customers.IntheMing

andQingDynasties,thenumberofteahouseswentbeyondthatofrestaurants,gainingmore

8.(popular)andbecomingmorefamous.Later,theacculturation(文化移入)of

WesterncultureforcedtraditionalChineseteahousestotakeon9.newlook.After

reformandopening-up,teahousesfloweredinChinawiththedevelopmentoftheeconomyand

evidentimprovementof10.(people)livingstandards.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了代表中国茶文化的茶馆的作用及其发展历史。

1.答案depending

解析考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是varies,故depend用非谓语动词形式；depend与

其逻辑主语Thefunction之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填depending。

2.答案where

解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词aplace,在从句

中作地点状语。故填where。

3.答案isconsidered

解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；It与consider

之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语It是第三人称单数。故填isconsidered。

4.答案took

解析考查动词的时态。此处是谓语动词，与句中developed和became并列，用一般过去时。

故填tooko

5.答案gradually

解析考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词developed,作状语。故填gradually。

6.答案at

解析考查介词。rate多与介词at连用，atarate表示“以...速度"。故填at。

7.答案toattract

解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填toattract。

8.答案popularity

解析考查名词。此处用名词作及物动词gain的宾语，popularity是不可数名词。故填

popularityo

9.答案a

解析考查冠词。此处表示“一种新面貌”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，又因new发音以辅音

音素开头。故填a。

10.答案people?s

解析考查名词所有格。此处是名词所有格修饰名词短语livingstandards。故填people's。

必修第三册Unit2MoralsandVirtues

高考题型组合练

I.阅读理解

A

An89-year-oldman,ManfredSteiner,hasreachedagoalhespent20yearsworkingtoward

andnearlyalifetimethinkingabout：earninghisPhD.Andnowheisaphysicist.

Steinervaluesthisdegreebecauseitiswhathealwayswantedandbecauseheovercame

healthproblemsthatcouldhaveaffectedhisstudies."ButImadeit,andthiswasthemost

satisfactorypointinmylifetofinishit,“hesaid.

Whenhewasyoung,SteinerwantedtobecomeaphysicistafterreadingaboutAlbert

Einstein.Buthismotherandunclepersuadedhimthatstudyingmedicinewouldbeabetter

choice.Heearnedhismedicaldegreein1955andmovedtotheUSsoonafter.

Steinerstudiedhematology（血液学）atTuftsUniversityandbiochemistryattheMassachusetts

InstituteofTechnology.HebecameafullprofessorandledthehematologydepartmentatBrowns'

medicalschoolfrom1985to1994.Steinerhelpedestablisharesearchprograminhematologyatthe

UniversityofNorthCarolina.Hedirectedthatprogramuntilheretiredfrommedicinein2000.

Steinerfoundmedicalresearchpleasing,butitwasnotquitethesameashisinterestin

physics."Itwassomethinglikeawishthatwasneverfulfilled,thatalwaysstuckinthebackofmy

head,“hesaid.Atage70,hestartedtakingundergraduateclasses.

PhysicsprofessorBradMarstonwassurprisedwhenSteinerenteredhisquantummechanics

class.ButhebecameSteiner?sadviserforhisdissertalion（学位论文）afterrealizinghowserious

Steinerwasaboutthesubjectandhowhardheworked."Hehaswrittenmanypapersinmedical

science,morepapersthanI'vewritteninphysics,“Marstonsaid."Onethingthat,sreallytrue

aboutManfredisthatheperseveres.”

AftertheuniversitypublishedastoryaboutSteineronitswebsite,peopleacrosstheUS

contactedhimtoaskforadviceonhowtogoaftertheirdreamslaterinlife.Hisadviceis：Dowhat

youlovetodo.

语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位坚持实现自己梦想的老人的故事。

1.WhydidSteinervaluehisdegreeinphysics?

A.Becauseitsolvedhishealthproblems.

B.Becauseitwashislong-pursueddream.

C.BecauseitmethismotherJsexpectation.

D.BecauseitwasinspiredbyAlbertEinstein.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，他重视他的物理学位是因为那是他长期追求的

梦想。故选B。

2.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Steiner,scontributionstoteaching.

B.Steinerysresearchesafterretirement.

C.Steiner,sachievementsinhematology.

D.SteinerTsperformancesatTuftsUniversity.

答案C

解析段落大意题。通读第四段尤其根据该段最后两句可知，本段主要讲Sleiner在血液学上

的成就。故选C。

3.WhatimpressedProfessorMarstonmostaboutSteiner?

A.Histakingundergraduateclassesat70.

B.Hiswritingmorepapersinphysics.

C.Hisstickingtobecomingaphysicist.

D.HisbeingarolemodelforAmericans.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，Steiner令Marston教授印象最深的是他

坚持成为一名物理学家。故选C。

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSteiner?

A.Activeandopen-minded.

B.Enthusiasticandeasy-going.

C.Intelligentandwarm-hearted.

D.Perseverantandhard-working.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据第一段“An89-year-oldman,ManfredSteiner,hasreachedagoalhe

spent20yearsworkingtowardandnearlyalifetimethinkingabout:earninghisPhD.”和倒数第

二段中"howhardheworked”“Onethingthat'sreallytrueaboutManfredisthathe

perseveres.可知，Steiner是一位有毅力、努力的人。故选D。

TheshortfilmPiper,releasedbyPixarin2016,wonthe89thAcademyAwardforBest

AnimatedShortFilm.PiperwaswrittenanddirectedbyAlanBarillaro,previouslyworkinginthe

animalion（动画片）department.lt*sawonderthathehadthefortunetowinOscarforhisfirst

film.

TheshortfilmfollowsababybirdnamedPiper,asshelearnsandovercomesherfearsof

findingfoodattheseafront.Piperisencouragedtopeck（啄）atthesandbeachbutgetswetthrough

withwaterfromawave.Discouragedbytheterriblewave,shehopestogetfoodfromhermother

butfails.Aftergatheringupthecourageagain,shemeetsahermitcrab（寄居蟹）whoshowshernot

tobescaredoftheoceanbuttoembraceit.Finally,shediscoversthesecretoftheoceanandfeeds

herselfevenherfamily.ltrsastoryaboutfacingchallengesandnotbeingdiscouragedby

failure.LikePiper,wecanalwaysfindsolutionsandcomeoutstrongerthaneverbefore.

SomehowPixarmanagestofitalloftheseintoafive-minute-longshortfilm,withoutusing

anyspokenlanguageandentirelybyanimation.Movementsandpersonifiedfacialexpressionsare

whatdrivethisstoryinthisfilm.Muchlikethenaturedocumentary,thecontinuouspullingofthe

shallowfocusaddsthesenseofrealism.Thecleanandclearanimationallowsforeventheslightest

micro-expressionstobepickedupbytheaudience.AndthemusicisconsistentwithPiper's

emotions,makingtheaudiencefeelthesameway.

ThisfilmandlotsofothersbyPixarmakeuslaughandcryallthetime.Byfittingasimple

storywithsimplecharacters,weareledthroughchallengestoasatisfyingconclusionfbrour

characters.lt'soneofthebestshortfilmsinalongtime.

语篇解读本文是一篇影评。文章主要介绍了一部获奖动画短片《鹉》。

5.Whatisthestorylineoftheshortfilm?

A.Amotherinstructsherchildtofindfood.

B.Abirdovercomesfearsandgrowsindependent.

C.Abirdfamilytriestoadapttolifeattheseafront.

D.Asandbeachoffersfoodtothebirdslivingnearby.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheshortfilmfollowsababybirdnamedPiper,asshe

learnsandovercomesherfearsoffindingfoodattheseafront.w可知，短片主要是讲一只小水鸟

克服恐惧，变得独立的故事，故选B。

6.Whattechniquesareusedintheshortfilm?

A.Animationandmusic.

B.Soundandvirtualscenes.

C.Movementsandspeeches.

D.Clearpicturesandvividlines.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thecleanandclearanimationallowsforeventheslightest

micro-expressionstobepickedupbytheaudience.AndthemusicisconsistentwithPiper's

emotions,makingtheaudiencefeelthesameway.”可知，这部短片主要运用了动画和音乐的

技巧，故选A。

7.What'stheauthorysattitudetowardstheshortfilm?

A.Indifferent.B.Critical.

C.Favorable.D.Negative.

答案C

解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中"It'soneofthebestshortfilmsinalongtime.v可知，

作者对于这部短片是赞许的，故选C。

8.Whatisthistext?

A.Adocumentary.B.Areview.

C.Astory.D.Anessay.

答案B

解析文章体裁题。根据文章对短片内容和特点的介绍及最后一段可知，本文是一篇对这部

短片的评论。故选B。

C

Onpaper,hydrogen（氢气）lookslikeadreamfuel.Inpractice,thingsaretrickier.Storing

meaningfulquantitiesofhydrogengasrequirescompressing（压缩）itseveralhundred

times.Transformingitintoliquidstateisanotheroption,butonethatrequirescoolingthestuffto

—253℃.Eitherprocessrequiresruggedtanks.Overtime,hydrogengascanpassslowlyinto

metals,weakeningthemandpotentiallycausingcracks.Tanksmustbebuiltfromspecialmaterials

designedtoresistthisbreakdown.

ResearchersattheFraunhoferInstitute,ledbyMarcusVogt,thinkthatsupplyinghydrogenas

goop（糊状）offersawayaroundsomeofitslimitations.Theyhavebeenexperimentingwitha

chemicalcompoundthatcanbepumpedintoacontainerandthenpersuadedtogiveoffits

hydrogenondemand.

Theirinvention,whichtheynicknameupowerpaste,looksliketoothpaste.Itsmain

ingredientismagnesiumhydride（氢化镁），acompoundthatwhenintroducedtowater,reactswith

ittoformhydrogenandmagnesiumhydroxide（氢氧化镁）.Theescapedhydrogencanthenbe

redirectedintoafuelcell,whereitreactswithoxygenfromtheairtogenerateelectricpower.The

magnesiumhydroxidewasteisemptiedfromthereactorautomatically.

DrVogt'sschemeoffersseveraladvantagesoverbatteries,petrolandmoreconventional

waysofhandlinghydrogen.Oneisthestorageofenergythaneitherbatteriesorpetrolcan

manage.Asecondiseaseofrefilling,whichissimplyamatterofswappinganemptycontainerof

pasteforafullone,andtoppingupthewater,whichisstoredinaseparatetank.Athirdadvantage

isthat,unlikeabattery,thepastedoesnotgraduallyloseitsstoredenergyifitisleftonthe

shelf.Moreover,thepasteitselfisharmless,asarethereaction'sby-products.

Buttherearestillmoretoworkthrough.Magnesiumhydridereactsonlyslowlywithwater.To

overcomethis,DrVogtandhisteamhavefoundachemicaladditivethatgreatlyacceleratesthe

reaction.Theyhavealsofoundawaytoensurethatthereactioncanbecontrolledpreciselyenough

tosupplyonlyasmuchhydrogenasisneededalanygivenmoment.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发明了一种像牙膏一样的化合物，

它的主要成分是氢化镁，与水反应生成氢气，氢气再与空气中的氧气反应产生电能。

9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“rugged“underlinedinparagraph1?

A.Creative.B.Fragile.

C.Tough.D.Enormous.

答案C

解析词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词后的“Overtime,hydrogengascanpassslowlyinto

metals,weakeningthemandpotentiallycausingcracks.Tanksmustbebuiltfromspecialmaterials

designedtoresistthisbreakdown.”可知，这两种工艺都需要坚固的储罐。所以rugged为“坚

固耐用的”之意。故选C。

10.Whatcanweknowabouttheinventionaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Magnesiumhydridemixedwithwaterreleaseshydrogen.

B.Severalchemicalreactionsoccurinthesametank.

C.Waterandelectricityarenecessaryintheprocess.

D.Theremainingwasteneedsremovingwithextrahelp.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itsmainingredientismagnesiumhydride（氢化镁），a

compoundthatwhenintroducedtowater,reactswithittoformhydrogenandmagnesium

hydroxide（氢氧化镁）.”可知，氨化镁与水反应可以生成氢气。故选A。

11.Howisparagraph4mainlydeveloped?

A.Byprovidingexamples.

B.Bydrawingcomparisons.

C.Byquotingsayings.

D.Byexplainingaconcept.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“DrVogt'sschemeoffersseveraladvantagesoverbatteries,

petrolandmoreconventionalwaysofhandlinghydrogen.v及aunlikeabatteryn等内容可知，本

段主要是通过比较的方法来展开陈述的。故选B。

12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.DreamFuel：HydrogenGas

B.NewCleanEnergy

C.AdvantagesofHydrogenGoop

D.aToothpaste"inYourTank

答案D

解析标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发明了一种像牙膏一样的化合

物，它的主要成分是氢化镁，与水反应生成氢气，氢气再与空气中的氧气反应产生电能。所

以“'Toothpaste'inYourTank”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。

II.七选五

（2023•福建福州期中联考）

Practicinggratitudecanincreasefeelingsofhappinessandlifesatisfactionwhiledecreasing

depressivesymptoms.1lbs