Unit2Travelling知识讲义牛津译林版八年级英语下册

牛津版译林英语8B知识点总结Unit2Travelling1.I'vebeentherebefore.CanIjoinyou?OK.Getready!【知识点一】:joinvt.加入加入某一组织、党派、社会团体或某一人群中，从而成为其成员。join+club/army/team/group/人称代词宾格拓展：①takepartin参加(某项工作、活动、游戏或会议等)takepartinthesportsmeeting②joinin参加(小规模的活动，如游戏等)③joinsb.indoingsth.加入某人当中做…④attend：出席会议、参加婚礼、集会等【随堂练习】1.—Areyouabasketballplayerinyourschool?—Yes.Itheteam3yearsago.Iinitfor3years.A.joined;wasB.wasjoined;amC.havejoined;havebeenD.joined;havebeen2.—It'ssunnytoday.Whynothaveapicnic?—Soundsgreat!Let'saskthetwinstous.AjoinBjoininCtakepartinDjointo【知识点二】:have/hasgoneto和have/hasbeentohavebeento表示“去而已返”,不能与howlong搭配使用,但可以与twice、fivetimes、before等状语搭配使用havegoneto表示“去而未返”,不能与howlong搭配使用havebeenin/at表示“已经在某地”，可以与howlong搭配使用【随堂练习】1.—Whyareyouworried?—I’mexpecting(期盼)acallfrommydaughter.She______NewYorkforthreedays.A.hasgoneto B.hasbeentoC.hasbeenin D.hasein2.—WhereisDiananow?Someonewantsheronthephone.—She_______theprintingroom.Shewillbebacksoon.A.wentto B.hasbeento C.hasbeenin D.hasgoneto3.Julie’sfather______toLondonlastmonth.He______therethreetimes.A.went;hadgone B.went;hasbeentoC.went;hasbeen D.hasbeen;hasbeen4.—Sofar,howlong________you_________China?—Foroneyear.A.have;eto B.have;beento C.have;beenin D.have;goneto2.I'msoexcited!【知识点一】:excitedadj.兴奋的,激动的(1)beexcitedat/aboutsth.对某事感到兴奋(2)beexcitedtodosth.对做某事感到兴奋(3)beexcited+that从句因……而兴奋辨析:excited与excitingexcited兴奋的，激动的做表语，主语为人exciting令人兴奋的作表语或定语，一般修饰物【随堂练习】3.Idon'tthinkit'llbeaholidayforme.【知识点一】：否定前移(1)当主句主语是第一人称时，英语中习惯将think、believe、suppose(假设；认为)、guess（猜想）等动词后面的宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。其反义疑问部分与从句的谓语动词保持一致。如:Iguessthattheyhavenotgotmarried.(×)Idon'tguessthattheyhavegotmarried.(✔)【随堂练习】1.IJackgotothecinemawithyoutonight.Healwayswatchesfilmswithme.A.think;won'tB.don'tthink;willC.don'tthink;isD.think;isn'tgoingto2.Hello,IyouwereinLondon.Howlonghere?A.don'tknow,wereyouB.hadn'tknown,areyouC.haven'tknown,areD.didn'tknow,haveyoubeen3.Imissyousomuch.【知识点一】:miss/mɪs/(1)vt.想念，思念Eg.WhatdidyoumissmostwhenyouwereinFrance?(2)vt.错过miss(doing)sth.错过(做)某事(3)missingadj.失踪的(sth.bemissing=sth.belost)到目前为止，警方还没有找到失踪的男孩。Sofar,thepolice___________________the__________boy.4.Itmovedathighspeedandwasreallyexciting!Wewerescreamingandlaughingthroughtheride.【知识点一】:speed/spi:d/(1)n.速度、速率，常与介词at搭配athigh/lowspeed以高/低/全/最高速ata/thespeedof…以…的速度Eg.Hedrovehiscarataspeedof80km/h.Thebusistravellingathighspeed.(2)v.急驶(过)spedspedspeedup加速Eg.Thetrain________(speed)toNanjingjustnow.speedtosp.急驶去…【知识点二】：throughtheridethrough从头到尾1.Wescreamedandlaugh___________thewholetrip.A.across B.through C.over D.on【随堂练习】1.Heoftendrivesata________(速度)of160kilometersanhour.It'sverydangerous.2.Younoticethatyourbreathinghas__________(speed)upalot.3.Look,highspeedtherollercoaster!A.how;ismovingB.what;ismovingC.how;ismovingatD.what;ismovingat4.Therollercoastermovedhighspeedandtheywerescreamingandlaughingtheride.A.in;throughB.at;throughC.in;duringD.at;below5.Therollercoastergoesstraightupanddown.【知识点一】:straight(1)adv.笔直地;径直estraighthomestraightaway立刻；马上=rightaway/atonce/immediately/ɪˈmiːdiətli/(2)adj.直的longstraightblackhair1.Sandytoldmehewouldtakea_____flighttofly_______toKorea.A.directly;straight B.direct;straightlyC.directly;straightly D.direct;straight6.Next,wehurriedtoarestauranthaveaquickmeal.【知识点一】:hurry(1)vi匆忙，赶快hurryto+地点名词匆忙去某地hurrytodosth.匆忙做某事hurryup赶快(2)n.匆忙inahurry匆忙;迅速6.Ontheway,wemetsomeDisneycartooncharacters,suchasSnowWhiteandMickeyMouse.【知识点一】:character/ˈkærəktə(r)/(1)(n.)(书籍、戏剧或电影中的)人物;角色amajor/minorcharacterinthemovie一部电影里的主要/次要角色(2)(n.)品质，性格Generosity(/dʒenə'rɒsətɪ慷慨)ispartoftheChinesecharacter.【知识点二】:suchas例如【区分】suchas和forexampleEg:Ihavemanyhobbies,suchascollectingstamps,playingbasketballandsoonTherearemanykindsofpollution,forexample,noiseisakindofpollution.①suchas后面没有逗号，常接多个并列的例子(名词或动名词短语等)。只能放于句中，不能独立成句suchas在任务型阅读中常可以转化成介词:like(像)②forexample后面有逗号,常接一个具体的例子。可置于句首、句中或句末★【重点】so和such/sʌtʃ/用法区分(分四种情况)(1)so+形容词/副词，后面没有名词的情况。Thegirlissobeautifulthateveryboylikesher.such+名词.Heissuchaman.(他是这样一个人)(2)如果后面是单数可数名词，则用so/such都可以，但结构不同。Sheissobeautifulagirlthateveryboylikesher.(so+形+a/an+单数可数名词)Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthateveryboylikesher.(such+a/an+形+单数名词)(3)such+形容词+n.(可数名词复数/不可数名词)例:①TheyaresuchdeliciouscakesthatI’dliketwomore.(4)如果与many/much/few/little这四个词连用时,而且它们表示“多”或“少”的含义时必须用so.如果不是表示“多”或“少”的含义时，仍然用按(2)和(3)的规则来判断。①Therearesomanytreesinourschool.②Thereissolittlemilkintheglass.★特别注意区别:sofewsheep如此少的绵羊(sheep为复数)suchalittlesheep=solittleasheep如此小的一只绵羊(sheep为单数)suchlittlesheep如此小的绵羊(sheep为复数)【随堂练习】(1)Aswellastheusualactivities,sailingandclimbing,therewasawritingclassinthesummercamp.A.becauseofB.togetherwithC.suchasD.insteadof(2)Whatdoyouthinkoffilm“OperationRedSea”?Oh,it'ssuchexcitingfilm.I'dliketoseeitagain.A.the;aB.the;anC.a;theD.an;/(3)What'syourhobby,Andy?Well,Ihavemanyhobbies,travelling,singingandcollectingstamps.A.forexampleB.asC.suchasD.insteadof(4)Itwasweatherthatallofthemwentoutforawalk.A.sofineB.sofineaC.suchfineD.suchafine7.We’rehavingafantastictimehere.【知识点一】:fantastic/fænˈtæstɪk/(adj.)极好的，美妙的afantasticachievement了不起的成就(做....)玩得开心，过得愉快haveafantastictimedoingsth.8.Iranafterthemandcouldn'tstoptakingphotos.【知识点一】:runafterthem追赶他们【知识点二】:can’tstopdoingsth.情不自禁/忍不住做某事=can’thelpdoingsth.我们忍不住在烟火下拍了很多照片。Wecouldn'tstoptakingalotofphotosunderthefireworks.【随堂练习】1.Peoplecouldn'thelpthefoolishemperorintheprocession.A.laughatB.tolaughatC.laughingatD.laughingon2.Whilethefilm,Icouldn'tstopatsomehumorousmoments.A.watching;laughingB.watched;laughingC.watching;tolaughD.watched;tolaugh3.Theycouldn’tstop_______________(laugh)whentheywatchedthefunnyshow.9.Wecouldevensmelltheapplepieandfeelthewind.【知识点一】:feel/fi:l/(vt.)感觉到，意识到(1)feelsb./sth.dosth.感觉某人做了某事/经常做某事(2)feelsb./sth.doingsth.感觉某人正在某事Eg.Whentheearthquakehappened,Ifeltthebuildingshakinghard.(3)feellikedoingsth.想要做某事(4)feeling(cn.)情绪；感情我不是故意伤害你的感情。Idon'tmeantohurtyourfeelings.【随堂练习】1.Thissilkdresssosmooth.It'smadeinChina.A.feelsB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes2.—Doesthesoupnice?—Yes.It'shot,butreallydelicious.A.soundB.feelC.lookD.taste3.Howfortablethewind(feel)!It'ssoftandwarm.4.He'sarudeman.Whathesaidhashurtmy(feel).10.Iboughtacoupleofkeyringsforclassmates.【知识点一】:couple/ˈkʌpl/(1)夫妻(CP)ayoung/anelderlycouple年轻/老年夫妇(2)两人，两件事物；几个人，几件事物①acoupleof一对②几个，几件(同=afew,several)我给我的同学们买了一些钥匙圈。Iboughtacoupleofkeyringsformyclassmates.【随堂练习】1.Ifoundaofsocksinthebedroom,buttheydidn'tmakea.A.pair;coupleB.pair;doubleC.couple;pairD.couple;twice2.Acoupleof(month)afterhisbestfriendmovedtoSydney,hefeltquitelonely.3.HislastpublicconcertwillbeoninShanghaiina(几个)ofmonths.11.Attheendoftheday,wewatchedthefireworksinfrontofSleepingBeautyCastle.【知识点一】:含end的短语(1)attheendof在……结束时,在……末端(尽头)Theshopissituated_____________thestreet.(2)intheend=atlast=finallyIwassaved_____________.(3)bytheendof到······末,只能接时间Thepopulationofthistownwillbe1.5million_______________2022.(4)endupwith...：以...终止Thestory_______________hisdeath.(5)endless(adj.)无尽的【随堂练习】1.Ithinkthefilmistooweak.A.intheendofB.attheendC.intheendD.totheend2.Shelookedeverywhereforherbookbuthadtoreturnhomewithoutit.A.lastlyB.attheendC.intheendD.atthelast3.oftheday,wewerealltired,sowehadtotakeataxibackhome.A.OntheendB.IntheendC.AbouttheendD.Attheend12.Thefishhavebeendeadforsometime.【知识点一】:deadadj.死的(1)diev.死(2)deathn.死(3)dyingadj.奄奄一息的；垂死的单词词性词义例句die动词死亡Hisgrandfatherdiedlastyear.death名词死亡Shecriedafterherhusband’sdeath.dying形容词奄奄一息的Thedyingmanwassavedfinally.dead形容词死的；Hefoundadeadbird.【随堂练习】1.Theoldwoman__________tenyearsago.2.Shewasworkingonthedayofher_______________.3.Sheknewshewas____________.4.He__________________forthreeyears.5．Anoldman__________inawoodenhouse.Nobodyknewwhenhe______.A．wasfounddead;died B．hasdied;diedC．wasfounddead;death D．hasbeendead;die6.—Someoftheanimals__________thepollution.—Right.Thegovernmentwillfindwaystosolvetheproblem.A．dieto B．diein C．dieof D．diefrom7．Pandaswoulddie______ifpeoplewereallowedtohunt______theywished.A．out;asmanyas B．away;morethanC．off;asmuchas D．out;lessthan13.Shecangothereinanyseasonexceptwinter.【知识点一】:exceptprep.除了……以外，从整体中除去……，减考点1.except,besides与exceptfor辨析例：AllofusexceptDavidwenttoseeafilm,becausehewasill. AllofusbesidesDavidwenttoseeafilm,andhepaidtheticketsforus. Exceptforherillnesses,shehadaparticularlyhappychildhood. except 除了……以外（－）不包括（放句中）besides除了……之外还有（＋）包括exceptfor 除了……以外（－）不包括（放句首、句中都可以）考点2：Aexcept/besidesB做主语，谓语遵循就远原则，A确定谓语单复。【随堂练习】1.—Iworkeveryday________Sunday.—Solet’sgotothemoviesthisSunday.A．except B．on C．including D．during2.Healsowritesnovelsinhissparetime________asateacher.A．beside B．besides C．except D．exceptfor3.NooneexceptTomandJim___________(be)toParisbefore.4.Youcandoanythingyoulikeexcept___________(make)anynoise.14.MydadhasbeentoChengduonbusinesstwice.【知识点一】:business/ˈbɪznəs/(1)n.商业，生意出差onbusiness商人businessmanEg.IneedtogotoLondononbusinesstomorrow(2)n.事情Eg.It’snoneofyourbusiness.补：busyadj.忙碌的忙于某事bebusywithsth.忙于做某事bebusy(in)doingsth15.We’regoingtotakeadirectflighttoChengdu.【知识点一】:directadj.(1)直达的，直接的(2)直率的，坦率的说明人的性格。补；directly(adv.)直接地 indirectly(adv.)间接地direction(n.)方向【知识点二】:flight/flaɪt/(n.)(1)航班，航行国际航班international/ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/flight直达航班adirectflight(2)飞行飞行安全flightsafety【随堂练习】1.Thereisa______________(径直的)traintoBeijing.Ittakes3hours.2.I’dliketoaska____________(直接的)question.Howlonghaveyouknownthatman?3.It’saboutanhour’s______________(fly)fromyourcitytomyhometown.16.Mainpointsanddetails.【知识点一】:point/pɔɪnt/n.要点v.指着指向...pointat...指出...pointout...他们指着从大街上驶过去的红车。Theypointedattheredcardrivingacrossthestreet.【知识点二】:detail/ˈdi:teɪl/（cn.）细节详细地indetailDetailsdeterminesuccessorfailure.细节决定成败。在我们制定计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论每件事。We'dbetterdiscusseverythingindetailbeforeweworkouttheplan.17.MyparentsandIleftfortheairportintheearlymorning.【知识点一】:leave/liːv/（v.）（过）left(1)离开动身前往某地leavefor+sp离开A前往BleaveAforB(2)留下，遗忘leavesth.sp.Eg.Ileftmyhomeworkathome.(3)使...处于某种状态Eg.Pleaseleavethedooropen!leftadj剩下的，作后置定语Eg.Isthereanycoffeeleft?18.Sheboughtalotofpresentsforourrelativesandherfriends.【知识点一】:relative/ˈrelətɪv/(cn.)亲戚e.g.Adistantrelativemaynotbeashelpfulasanearneighbour.远亲不如近邻。远亲distantrelatives近亲closerelatives19.IhopeIcanvisititagainsomeday.someday表示将来的某一天，常用于将来时态20.现在完成时态重要时间标志Eg.Mycousinboughtabikelastweek.(同义句)Mycousin_____hadabike______lastweek.1.since的用法：(1).since+过去的一个_________(2).since+____________的从句(3).since+一段时间____________(4)._____/hasbeen+一段时间+since+一般过去时的从句2.for的用法：(1).for+________Greatchangeshavetakenplace______youleft.Itisfouryears______I______(e)here.Hehaskeptthebook______twoweeks.3.for与since的同义句转换Eg.IhavebeeninChangzhoufortenyears.(用since变同义句)=IhavebeeninChangzhousincetenyearsago.for+一段时间=since+一段时间+ago4.for+一段时间并非只是现在完成时态的“专利”Eg.Iworkedthereformorethantwentyyears,butIworkherenow.我在那里工作了20多年，但现在我在这里工作。(过去一段时间在那儿工作，现在不了，用一般过去时)Eg.Sofar,Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyear