现在完成时PresentPerfectTense课件人教版八年级英语下册

PresentPerfectTense1、用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系:动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。强调对现在的影响。

Theyhaveleft.--他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里

Ihave

hadmylunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿definition:现在完成时的含义2、也可表示发生在过去，持续到现在，还可能继续发生的动作或状态。

Hehas

learnedEnglishsince2001.--从2001年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢。Notestobetaken一.结构：主语+have/has+p.p.(过去分词）eg.Ihavefinishedthehousework.Y/N回答（affirmative/negative）SpecialquestionPassivevoicetimephrases时态标志词见讲义functionspastevents,impactunfinishedevents,continueuptillnow,inthefuturepasteventstimelinepastfuturepresentactionshappenedinthepast发生在过去affectthepresent对现在产生影响impact,resultpasteventsIhavefinishedmyhomework.=Ifinishedmyhomework,andthereisnohomeworknow.pastpresentfinishednohomeworkpasteventsIturnedoffthelights,andthelightsaren'tonnow.(turn-turned-turned)Ihaveturnedoffthelights.SheboughtanEnglishbook,andshestillhasitnow.(buy)-bought-bought)ShehasboughtanEnglishbook.pasteventswash-washed-washedeat-ate-eatenunfinishedstates未完成的状态futurepresenttimelinepastactionshappenedinthepast发生在过去havenotyetfinished到现在还没有结束unfinishedstateseg.IhavelivedinChengdu.futurepresentpast20142015201620172014201520162017for+aperiodoftimesince+time+timeaperiodoftime+ago+sentenceunfinishedstatesfororsince1.Wehaveknowneachother________3years.2.IhavelearnedEnglish________2010.3.Hasshekeptthisbook________lastnight?4.Havetheybeenaway________alongtime?5.Hehaslosthisarms________hewas10.forsincesincesinceforunfinishedstatesIhavegot/gottenup.Ihavegotupsince7:00.√×Ihavebeenupsince7:00.borrowkeepgetmarriedbemarriedbeawayleavebeonbeginbuyhave非延续性动词和延续性动词转换没有时间状语，非延续OK有时间状语，非延续

转

延续continuationverbnon-continuationverbs类似的转换还有：fallasleep — beasleep

movethere — bethereopen — beopen close — beclosed等

巧记10个瞬间性动词的转换:“开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家”1beginbeon6gobeoff2leavebeawayfrom7joinbein3borrowkeep/have8diebedead4comebehere9buyhave5returnbeback10arrivebehereHedied10yearsago.---He____________for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.---He________thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.---He________themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.---He________heresincethreedaysago.5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.---Thelight____________for2hours.延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化hasbeendeadhaskepthashadhasbeenhasbeenoff6.Helefthere2yearsago.---He____________fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.---Thefilm____________for30minutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.---Thedoor____________foranhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.---Thedoor_______________foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.---He________a______forayear.---He____________thearmyforayear.延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化hasbeenawayhasbeenonhasbeenopenhas beenclosedhasbeensoldierhasbeenin现在完成时与一般过去时

PPT&SPT

现在完成时与一般过去时的比较

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；

现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。Isawthisfilmyesterday.

（强调看的动作发生过了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2）一般过去时

常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;

现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:

yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1990,inOctober, justnow,… --具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:

for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,uptonow,bynow,tillnow,inthepastfewyears,recently,…--模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时

（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.

（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.1.Hehasarrivedatschooljustnow.2.AllofushavelearnedEnglish.3.Ihavedrunkacupofcoffeelastnight.4.Mymumhasseenthismovie.5.Wehavelivedherethreeyearsago.×××√√Welivedherethreeyearsago.√现在完成时与一般过去时havegoneto

havebeentoHehasgonetoShanghai.他(已经)去上海了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他(曾经)去过上海。比较have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetopasteventsA:Haveyouever

beentotheGreatWall?B:Yes,Ihavebeenthere.

No,Ihavenever

beenthere.

No,Ihaven’teverbeenthere.HewenttoShanghailastweek.

他(曾经)到/去过上海

[在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了]他已经去上海了

[也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里]上周他[做了一件事:那就是]去了上海HehasbeentoShanghai.HehasgonetoShanghai.HehasbeeninShanghaifor10years.他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了[现在还在上海没有离开呢]HelivedinShanghaifor10years.以前他在上海住过10年

[现在不在上海了]辨析这些句子由时态导致的含义上的差别1.—Whatanicewatch!Howlong

you

it?—JustthreeweeksA.will，buyBdid，buyChave，had2.—

you

inGreenerChinaforalongtime？

—Yes,IjoineditfiveyearsagoA.Have,beenB.Has,joinedC.Have,joined3.TeacherLi

Japan,he

Japanfortwoyears.A.hasbeento,hasbeentoB.hasgoneto,hasbeeninC.hasgoneto,hasbeento4.Thestudentsaresorrytohearthatthefamoussinger

forhalfanhour.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.hasgoneaway5.I

thisbookfortwodays,Ihavetoreturnitnow.A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.havekept（C）（A）（B）（B）（C）6----When

you

youroldfriend?----Thedaybeforeyesterday.Awill,visitBdid,visitChave,visited7MrsWhite

inthisschoolsinceshecamehere.AteachesBtaughtChastaught8Nochildren

footballinthestreetsinceacarhitaboylastSunday.AhaveplayedBplayedCplaying9----I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.----Oh,notatall,I

hereonlyforafewminutes.AwasBhavebeenCwillbe10Hisfather

since1936.AdiedBhasdiedChasbeendead（B）（C）（A）（B）（C）1.have/hasbeento+地名”表示曾经去过某地，说话时已经回到说话地点，常与once、twice、ever、never等时间连用。eg.JimhasbeentoChina.(去过，已回）2“have/hasgoneto+地名”表示去某地了，现在没有回答，人不在说话地点eg.JimhasgonetoChina.(现在正在China）3.have/hasbeenin+地名，表示呆在某地多久，常与表示一段时间的短语连用eg.JimhasbeeninChinasincetwoyearsago.(呆在中国两年了，现在还在中国）Thankyou!常见句型：1.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since+过去时eg.据我上次见他已经十年了。Itis(hasbeen)tenyearssinceIsawhim.2.Itis/Thisis+最高级+n.+that+Ihaveeverdoneeg.这是我们遇到过的最有吸引力的人了。Itisthemostattractive

personthatwehaveevermet.eg.这是她去过的最好的度假胜地了。

Thisisthebest

holidaylocationthatshehaseverbeento.structurefunctionspresentperfecttensesummarizehave/has+p.pa.pasteventsb.unfinishedstates三.延续性和非延性：不加时间该用啥用啥，加了时间才变后面的。eg.Ihaveborrowedthatbook.eg.Ihavekeptthatbookforoneday.非延续性动作含义延续性动作1borrow/lend借（进/出）keep2buy买have3finish/end完成，结束beover4begin/start开始beon5open开beopen6close关beclosed7die死亡bedead8arrive/come/go/move/reach/getto到达bein/at+地点&behere/there三.延续性和非延性：不加时间该用啥用啥，加了时间才变后面的。eg.Ihave