2015年10月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含解析

英语词汇学年月真题

00832201510

1、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothecharacteristicsof

thebasicwordstock?

Allnationalcharacter.

Productivity.

A:

Stability.

B:

Terminology.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Basicwordstockhaveobviouscharacteristics:allnational

character,stability,productivity,polysemyandcollocability.不包含D选项。

2、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Wordsmayfallintothebasicwordstockandnonbasicvocabularyby

usefrequency.

A:

Wordsmayfallintocontentwordsandfunctionalwordsbynotion.

Wordsmayfallintoloan-wordsandnotionalwordsbythedegreeofassimilation.

B:

Wordsmayfallintonativewordsandborrowedwordsbyorigin.

C:

答D:案：C

3、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthedescriptionofthe

relationshipbetweensoundandmeaning?

Thereisintrinsicrelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning.

Thesymbolicconnectionofasoundanditsmeaningisalmostalwaysarbitrary.

A:

Therelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningisconventional.

B:

Indifferentlanguagesthesameconceptcanberepresentedbydifferentsounds.

C:

答D:案：A

4、【单选题】IntheWesternset,____isthemodernlanguagederivedfromHellenic.

Latin

Greek

A:

Russian

B:

Spanish

C:

D:

答案：B

解析：在西部诸语中，现代希腊语（Greek）来源于古希腊语族（Hellenic）。

5、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheEnglish

vocabulary?

EnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoGermanthanFrench.

ScandinavianlanguagesrefertoIcelandic,Norwegian,DanishandSwedish.

A:

ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.

B:

InEarlyMiddleEnglishperiod,English,LatinandCelticexistedsidebyside.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：11世纪末开始，法语、拉丁语和英语一直并存长达一个多世纪。D选项表述有误。

6、【单选题】FromthehistoricaloverviewoftheEnglishvocabulary,theperiod

ofOldEnglishis____.

from55B.C.to410

from450to1150

A:

from1150to1500

B:

from1500,thenuptonow

C:

答D:案：B

解析：古英语时期：450-1150

7、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOThaveinflectionalaffixes?

Happier.

Worker.

A:

Harder.

B:

Taller.

C:

答D:案：B

解析：音素的分类worker中的er并无语法功能，而是将动词转化为名词，因此属于

derivationalaffix。

8、【单选题】Theword“idealistic”comprises____morpheme(s).

1

2

A:

3

B:

C:

4

答D:案：C

解析：音素知识的应用idealistic三个音素分别为ideal,ist和ic。

9、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTastem?

Nation.

National.

A:

International.

B:

Internationalists.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：词干的定义是可以往上加任何词缀的词的形式。从四个选项看，只有D不能往上

加任何词缀了。

10、【单选题】Theword“sandwich”nowdenotesapopularfastfood.It

originatesfromJohnMontague,FourthEarlofSandwichin18thcentury.This

exampleshowsoneofthesourcesofEnglishvocabularyis____.

compound

propernouns

A:

back-formation

B:

conversion

C:

答D:案：B

解析：MordernEnglishhasalargenumberofwordswhichcomefrompropernouns.

Theyincludenamesofpeople,namesofplaces,namesofbooksandtradenames.现

代英语中有很多词汇来源于专有名词，包括人名、地名、书名和商品名。

11、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingwordsistheexampleofblending?

Motel.

Sandwich.

A:

Flu.

B:

AIDS.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Motel是head+tail的拼缀法构成的新词，即motor+hotel，译为汽车旅馆。

12、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTanouncompound?

Moonwalk.

Ten-storey.

A:

Outbreak.

B:

Up-bringing.

C:

答D:案：B

13、【单选题】Themeaningsofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheirorigins.

Inotherwordsthehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.Thisis

called____.

onomatopoeicmotivation

morphologicalmotivation

A:

semanticmotivation

B:

etymologicalmotivation

C:

答D:案：D

14、【单选题】a)Theychuckedastoneatthecops,andthendidabunkwiththe

loot,b)Aftercastingastoneatthepolice,theyabscondedwiththemoney.

Theabovetwosentenceshavethesameconceptualmeaning,butdifferin____meaning.

connotative

affective

A:

stylistic

B:

collocative

C:

答D:案：C

15、【单选题】____meaningindicatesthespeaker'sattitudetowardstheperson

orthinginquestions.

Conceptual

Stylistic

A:

Affective

B:

Denotative

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Affectivemeaningindicatesthespeaker'sattitudetowardstheperonor

thinginquestion.感情意义显示了言者对于正在讨论的人或事的态度。

16、【单选题】Wordsidenticalbothinsoundandspelling,butdifferentin

meaningare____.

homographs

homophones

A:

perfecthomonyms

B:

hyponyms

C:

答D:案：C

解析：发音和拼写相同，但词义不同的单词互为完全同形同音异义词（perfect

homonyms）。

17、【单选题】Words“change”，“alter”and“vary”aresimilarin

denotation，butembracedifferentshadesofmeaning.Theyare____.

absolutesynonyms

completesynonyms

A:

fullsynonyms

B:

relativesynonyms

C:

答D:案：D

解析：这几个词在外延上相近，但用法和词义有细微差别，这类词叫做相对近义词

（relativesynonyms）。

18、【单选题】Wordslike“red,orange,yellow,green，black，etc.”makeup

the____of“colours”.

synonyms

hyponyms

A:

senserelations

B:

semanticfield

C:

答D:案：D

解析：红色、橙色、黄色、绿色、黑色等属于“颜色”的下义词，同时构成了“颜色”的

语义场。注意题干中的谓语是makeup，本题选D。

19、【单选题】Vocabularyisthemostunstableelementofalanguageasitis

undergoingconstantchangesbothinformand____.

pronunciation

content

A:

spelling

B:

use

C:

D:

答案：B

解析：词的形式和内容总是处于变化之中，是语言中最不稳定的因素。

20、【单选题】Themeaningoftheword“criticize”haschangedfrom

“appraise”to“findfaultwith”.Suchachangeiscalled____.

elevation

generalization

A:

extension

B:

degradation

C:

答D:案：D

解析：criticize的意思从“评价”转变为“批评”，词义发生了降格。

21、【单选题】Theword“meat”originallymeant‘‘food’，，butnowhascome

tomean“fleshofanimals”.Thisisanexampletoillustrate____ofmeaning.

generalization

narrowing

A:

degradation

B:

elevation

C:

答D:案：B

解析：meat的意思从“食物”转变为“肉”，词义发生了缩小。

22、【单选题】Ingrammaticalcontext,themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedby

the____inwhichitoccurs.

structure

sentence

A:

phrase

B:

clause

C:

答D:案：A

解析：引起词汇变化的因素包括词汇因素和词汇外因素。该题中的structure即语法。

23、【单选题】Theword“do”means“brush”in“doone’steeth”，whileit

means“arrange”in“dotheflowers”.Theaboveexampleshowsthat____affects

themeaningofaword.

lexicalcontext

grammaticalcontext

A:

non-linguisticcontext

B:

structuralcontext

C:

答D:案：A

解析：词汇语境是指与讨论中的词一起出现的单词。只有语境才能决定do的确切意义。

24、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthemajorfunctionsof

context?

Eliminationofambiguity.

Indicationofreferents.

A:

Formationofambiguity.

B:

Provisionofcluesforinferringword-meaning.

C:

答D:案：C

25、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthevariationsofidioms?

Repetition.

Dismembering,

A:

Addition.

B:

Shortening.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Occasionally,wemayfindchangesinconstituentsofidioms:

addition,deletion,replacement,position-shifting,dismembering,etc.

26、【单选题】“Throughthickandthin”isa(n)____.

verbalidiominnature

nominalidiominnature

A:

sentenceidiom

B:

adverbialidiominnature

C:

答D:案：D

解析：throughthickandthin是指throughalldifficultiesandtroubles，是一个

副词性习语，表示“在任何困难的情况下”。

27、【单选题】Thereisa____intheidiom“byhookandbycrook”asfaras

rhetoricalfeaturesofidiomsareconcerned.

simile

reiteration

A:

repetition

B:

rhyme

C:

答D:案：D

解析：hook和crook元音相同，这个习语用了押韵脚的修辞手法。

28、【单选题】Webster'sThirdNewInternationalDictionaryisthebest-

known____dictionary.

unabridged

desk

A:

pocket

B:

encyclopedic

C:

答D:案：A

29、【单选题】Whenwechooseadictionary,weshouldpayattentiontothe

followingaspectsEXCEPT____.

unabridgedorabridged

BritishorAmerican

A:

earlyorlate

B:

monolingualorbilingual

C:

答D:案：A

30、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutaChinese-English

Dictionary(RevisedEdition)(CED)(1995)?

Theneweditioncutoffthepreviousalphabeticalorderofentries.

Theneweditionrevisedsomeoldentries.

A:

Theneweditionhasmoresinglecharacterentriesandmoremulti-

B:

characterentries,

C:

ThedictionaryboastsofthequalityoftheEnglishequivalents.

答D:案：A

31、【问答题】Whatisthedifferencebetweenrootandstem?

答案：Arootisthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalyzed

withouttotallossofidentity,whileastemcanbedefinedasaformtowhich

affixesofanykindcanbeadded.

32、【问答题】Pleaseexplainthedifferencebetweenthefollowingtwoexamples

fromtheviewpointofwordformation.(1)single(adjective)—>single(verb)

(2)simple(adjective)—>simplify(verb)

答案：Thefirstinstanceiscaseofzero-dervationorconversionwhereasthe

secondisone-ofsuffixation.

33、【问答题】WhatarethemajorsourcesofEnglishsynonyms?

答案：ThemajorsourcesofEnglishsynonymsareborrowing,dialectsand

regionalEnglish,figurativeandeuphemisticuseofwords,andcoincidence

withidiomatieexpressions.

34、【问答题】Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeanandwhatcontextualclueis

usedinthefollowingsentence?"Itisundesirabletowritewithtoomany

parentheses,apairofbracketsroundwordsorphrases."

答案：Parenthesesmeansapairofbracketsroundwordsorphrases.Thecontext

clueusedisdefinition/explanation.

35、【问答题】Take“Thedogischasingacat”asanexampletoexplainits

grammaticalmeaning.

答案：Grammaticalmeaningreferstothatpartofthemeaningofthe

wordwhicheindicatesgrammaticalconceptorrefatjonships.Intheabove

sentence,theword"dog"and"cat"arenounsandbothareingularusedas

subjectandobjectinthesentoncerespectively;"ischasing"isthepredicate

verbinpresentcontinuoustense,and"the"and"a"aredeterminers,

restrictingthepeferentandindicatingnumber.

36、【问答题】Commentonthefollowingpieceofdiscourseintermsof

superordinatesandsubordinates,sofarashyponymyisconcerned."Therewasa

finerocking-chairthathisfatherusedtositin,adeskwherehewroteletters,a

nestofsmalltablesandadark,imposingbookcase.Nowallthisfurniturewasto

besold,andwithithisownpast."

答案：Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemanticinclusion,Thatis,

themeaningofamorespecificwordisincludedinthatofanothermore

generalword.Inthispieceofdiscoursegiven,"rocking-chair,desk,

tables,bookcase"arehyponymsunderfumniture.Thegeneralword

furnitureissuperordinateandrocking-chaifo-,tables,bookcasearesubordinates.

37、【填空题】Archaismsarewordsnolonger____inuseorobsoleteinuse.

答案：common

38、【填空题】ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:

creation,semantic____andborrowing.

答案：change

39、【填空题】Mostmorphemesarerealizedby____morphslikebird,tree,green,

etc.Wordsofthiskindarecalledmonomorphemicwords.

答案：single

40、【填空题】Agreenhandmeansan“inexperiencedperson”,not“ahandthat

isgreenincolor”.Thisexampleillustratesthatcompoundsaredifferentfrom

freephrasesin____unity.

答案：semantic

41、【填空题】Tables,menandpotatoesareallpluralnouns,sowecansaythey

havethesame____meaning.

答案：grammatical

42、【填空题】Thedevelopmentofword-meaningfrommonosemytopolysemyfollows

twocourses,traditionallyknownas____andconcatenation.

答案：radiation

43、【填空题】Thech