河北衡水高三英语复习讲义九高考语法名词考点全角度复习

2020届河北衡水高三英语复习讲义（九）

高考语法名词考点全角度复习

名词的种类

1.普通名词：

（1）可数（个体/集体）一有单/复数形式

teacher/professor/computer

family/class/crew

附：名词复数的规则变化：

1.一般情况直接加s

2.以s,sh,ch,x结尾力口es,读/iz/。

3.以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es,读/iz/。

4.以辅音字母+o结尾的，有生命加es;无生命加s。

5.以f,fe结尾，去f,fe加veso

（2）不可数（物质/抽象）一无单/复数

cotton/air/teahappiness/work/knowledge

2.专有名词:国/地/人名及机构名称,首字母要大写

theUnitedStates

NewYork/BillGates

二.名词所有格（两名词之间的所有/属关系）

1.（n有生命/时/距/国/城）'s+N意为"n的N"

myfather'sshoesTeachers'Day

today'snewspaperfiveminutes'walk

China'scapital

（at）thedoctor's/barber's/tailor's/myuncle's/John's...

（省略shop,house,office）

TimandJim'sfather（表共同所有）

Tim'sandJim'sfathers（表各自所有）

2.theN（ofn无生命）意为“n的N"

thecoverofthebook

thewindowsofourclassroom

thetitleofthefilm

thegateoftheschool

thecentreofLondon

3.a/two/some/many/no（表数量）与this/that/these…N（ofn's）意为"n当中

的...N“n指人且特指

afriendofmyfather's

somestudentsofMr.Wang's

fourbooksofthewriter's

（one/two/some/many/none/neitherofthestudents）其中的（多少）...

=.名词作定语（说明用途,处所，时间，性质,功能，材料等）n+N

1.countrymusicschoollife

morningpaperexercisebooks

paperflowersbookstore

ashoefactorymyboyfriend

weatherreport

2.单/复数变化看N（man/woman除外）

awomandoctor—womendoctors

amanteacher-menteachers

men'sclothes

四.名词数量表达法（计量词/单位词的使用）

1.可数名词用数词也可用计量词

如：twostudents—agroupofstudents

abasketofflowers—twobasketsofflowers

2.不可数可用计量词及表数量的形容词来表示

如:alotofmoney/alittlebeer

apieceofpaper/music...

(pair/set/bottle/drop/sheet/world/bag/box/kilo/group/team....)

aglassofwater—someglassesofwater

五.不可数名词无复数形式,如果有,则意义发生了变化

1.抽象/物质名词具体化:

a(an)pleasure/pity/honor/danger/encouragement/shock/surprise/

success/failure...

a(an)coffeetwodrinkstwoteas

注:有些则不能具体化,如:fun/advice/information/health/wealth/progress/news

weather即使前有形容词修饰，也不能与a/an连用.

2.词义不同

exercise(锻炼)--exercises(练习)

experience/paper/glass/hair/time/work/cloth/wood/manner

六.修饰可/不可数名词的一些表数量的形容词词语

1.修饰可数：(a)few/quiteafew/many/agreat(good)many/manya(an)/a(large)

numberof....

2.修饰不可数:(a)little/quitealittle/much/agreatdealof/abitof/a(large/small)

amountof...

3.可/不可数均可:no/the/some/any/alotof/lotsof/plentyof/a(large/small)

quantityof...

练习：单句改错

1.CanyougivemesomeadvicesonhowtoimprovemyEnglish?

2.Dr.Smithisgoingtoputoutoneofmytooths.

3.Thebicycle'sshopisjustaroundthecornerandyoucan'tmissit.

4.Manyworkhasbeendonetoimprovethepeople'slivingstandards.

5.WehavemadegreatprogressesinlearningEnglish.

6.1openedtheletteranditcontainedanimportantinformation.

7.Iftheseshoesarepressingyourfeet,getalargerone.

8.It'sonlytwohour'sbusridefromTiantaitoHangzhou.

9.Tolivealonglife,manyoldpeopletakeexerciseseverymorning.

10.Wewaitedforyouattherailwaystationforoneandahalfhourlasttime.

ll.TheOlympicGamesinmoderntimetakeplaceeveryfouryears.

12.Lifedependsonwater,andpeoplewilllosetheirlifeforlackofwater.

13.Thetouristfoundthemapofgreatvaluableinhelpinghimtogetround

London.

14.Theyoftenhavefish,meata