2024届高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解（含解析）

阅读理解

一、高考原题

1、

WheretoEatinBangkok

Bangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseemingly

bottomlesswellofdiningoptions.Herearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyour

Bangkokeatingadventure.

Nahm

OfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary（烹饪的）

experiences.It*stheonlytheirrestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword's50

bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson.WhoreceivedaMichelinstarforhis

Loodon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitan

Hotelin2010.

IssaysStameseClub

IssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknowThaichefIanKittichai*sfirstflagship

Bangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThai

cuisinecombinedwithmodemcookingmethods.

Bo.tan

Bo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.

Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThai

cuisine'sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandle­

litdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthose

extremelyhungrythere'salargesetmenu.

Gaggan

Earningfirstplaceonthelates"Asia's50bestrestaurants"list,progressiveIndian

restaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues（场所）toarriveinBangkokin

recentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowright

intothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheater

atitsbest.

1.WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?

A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.

C.Theyhavetop-classchefs.D.Theyarebasedinhotels.

2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?

A.Gaggan.B.Bo.Lan.C.IssayaSiameseClub.D.Nahm.

3.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?

A.IthiresstafffromIndia.B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.

C.Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes.D.Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.

2、

PRACTITIONERS

JacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)

JamesBarry(c.1789-1865)wasborn

highlightsthesuspicionthatwomen

MargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,

practicingmedicinefaced.Borntoa

dressedasaman,shewasacceptedby

JewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedto

EdinburghUniversitytostudy

Pariswheresheworkedasaphysician

medicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin

andperformedsurgery.In1322shewas

1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,

triedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteof

servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,

thecourthearingtestimonials(证明)of

havingpracticedherentiremedical

herabilityasadoctor,shewasbanned

professionlivingandworkingasaman.

frommedicine.

TanYunxian(1461-1554)wasaChinese

RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831-1895)

physicianwholearnedherskillsfromher

workedasanurseforeightyearsbefore

grandparents.Chinesewomenatthetime

studyinginmedicalcollegeinBoston

couldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)

in1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthe

withdoctors.However,Tanpassedthe

firstAfricanAmericanwomanto

officialexam.Tantreatedwomenfrom

receiveamedicaldegree.Shemovedto

allwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwrotea

Virginiain1865,wheresheprovided

book,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor.

medicalcaretofreedslaves.

describingherlifeasaphysician.

5.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?

A.Doingteachingjobs.B.Beinghiredas

physicians.

C.Performingsurgery.D.Beingbannedfrom

medicine.

6.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?

A.Shewroteabook.B.Shewentthrough

trials.

C.Sheworkedasadentist.D.Shehadformal

education.

7.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?

A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B.TanYunxian.

3、【2023年全国甲卷】

Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupy

aconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche-werevere（敬畏）themevenastheygiveus

frighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstone

NationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzly

bear.

"Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange,"saysbear

biologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswherethey

haven*tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they'reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.

ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witha

roughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,

aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremained

onamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlies

werelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhas

beensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode­

listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Both

effortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzlies

remainlisted.

Obviously,ifprecautions（预防）aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,

sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeople

removefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypass

bywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarm

animalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohave

aclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,"

saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.

l.HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?

A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.

C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.

2.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?

A.TheEuropeansettlers'behavior.B.Theexpansionofbears'range.

C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.

3.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromde-listinggrizzlies?

A.Theoppositionofconservationgroups.B.Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.

C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.D.Thelocalfarmers'advocates.

4.Whatcanbeinferedfromthelastparagraph?

A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.

B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.

C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.

D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.

二、考情分析

I社会文化类

文化类文章的选材一般以中西方文化差异或者社会文化现象为重点，如礼仪、语言、生活

习惯，价值观等，题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。体裁以议论文、记叙

文居多，但是也有说明文。而且往往一篇文章表达一个主题。

文化类阅读理解的设题一般都是以考查文章的细节为主，兼顾考查考生推理判断的能力。

因此，考生答题时要能准确定位，根据试题要求到文章中去寻找相应的答案。做这类题

时，考生的英语语言知识和社会常识都发挥着重要的作用，遇到熟悉的题材时，若对题目

把握不准，考生可以在立足文章内容的基础上结合社会常识来解答此类题。

对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：

1.增加英语词汇量、掌握语法和习惯用法。

在复习过程中加强对语言基础知识的掌握。普通中学毕业生应具备2000〜3500的词汇量，

并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定词组、

固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。

2.扩大知识面，认真研读历届高考题。

从近年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材

料会更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，因此，要阅读更多关于社会文化背景知识的内容，通

过阅读丰富自己的知识。同时，要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材

特点，熟悉题材和体裁，了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。

II科普知识类

从文章的体裁看，这类文章一般都是说明文，通过对某种自然现象、某项科学研究、某个

最新发现等的详细描述，让大家认识、了解某方面的科学知识，并学会在生活中运用这种

知识。有时候科普知识类文章的体裁也可能为记叙文，通常叙述与某项发明或发现相关的

人物及事件。

科普知识类文章的设题一般都以考查文章的细节为主。因此，答题时，只要抓住主要信

息，仔细比较题目与原文信息的异同，一般便可以作出正确选择。不过，这类题目的文章

往往专业性较强，专业术语多，阅读起来较为困难，但是，这类题目的命题一般都很简

单，且生词不会影响考生做题。因此，做题时要学会“跳读”，即要跳过有些不影响做题和

理解文章内容的生词，只要抓住核心词句即可。

III人物故事类

这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻

轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为

主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某

一件具体事情的发生、发展或结局有人物、时间、地点和事件。

人物故事类文章一般较长，题目多为细节理解题和推理判断题。考生在做此类阅读理解题

时往往有材料看得懂但题目不好做的感觉。因此，考生在阅读文章时要把重点放在事情发

展的过程和结果进程及人物之间的关系、细节与主题的关系及用以说明人物性格特点的事

实、作者的态度等，这些内容往往是推理判断题的命题点。掌握了这些内容，考生在做推

理判断题时，就不会以个人思维想象代替根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，也只有

这样才不会以偏概全。至于细节理解题的解答，考生切忌想当然或者凭印象，一定要找到

文章中的原句和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。

IV应用广告类

高考广告类短文贴近学生生活，如学习、旅游、保健、购物、招生、招聘、餐饮、网络交

流等，这类短文有以下几个特点：

（1）篇幅短小，形式灵活，信息量大。无论整篇广告还是数则广告，都很短小精悍，但其

中的信息可能较多甚至较为纷繁。（2）用词和句法简练。广告用词筒单，句法以简单句为

主，目的是让读者一目了然，很快捕捉到信息。（3）专有名词和缩略词多。广告涉及的商

品和活动以及人物等经常以专有名词出现，而时间、地点等经常以缩略词出现。（4）生词

多。广告涉及领城众多、涉及面广，因此会有生词，但往往不影响阅读。

广告类短文的试题多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题，即考查考生对广告具体细节的了解、

分析和概括等能力。阅读此类短文需要考生具备较好的skimming（略读）和scanning（细

查）的阅读技能，即快速读懂文章大意和寻找目标信息。

1.题干定位法：先阅读题干，然后根据问题按照题目顺序有针对性地结合题干中的关键词

到文中定位，阅读相关部分并快速寻找有效信息，再将原文和选项进行比较。当问题与原

文材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。

2.补全成分法：省略词和省略句在应用文中大量出现。对于影响语境理解的省略情况，应

将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解其意思。

3.信息再加工法：主要用于词义或句意推测题以及涉及数字转换的推理判断题。需要对原

文相关信息作正确理解，并通过推理判断或计算对信息进行再加工。

V生态环保类

高考题中，常见的热门题材主要有：人与自然的和谐发展，人与自然的生态现状和未来发

展，环保的生活方式，生态旅游，生态农业等。

考生在平时学习中要有关注热点环保题材的意识，把握环保新潮流，留心相关题材的文章

特点，这样在做这类题时才会得心应手。

VI史地常识类

史地常识类文章通常介绍历史事件、异域风光等。在选材方面，多选择说英语的国家的主

要名胜历史事件等。在设题方面，通常以细节题为主，同时也有一定的主观推断题。命题

的形式通常多样，可能涉及图表题、数字计算题、排序题、表格题等。

对此类试题，要特别注意积累与西方社会的风土人情、社交活动、风俗习惯及历史事件有

关的专业英语常识。平时养成读书看报的习惯，勤于积累，提高文化素质，掌握已经考过

的英语常识试题，在此基础上，进一步丰富常识。此外，要掌握必要的解题技巧，考生可

运用英语学科知识，联系有关的历史地理知识，从材料中抓住关键词，获取和解读有效信

息，分析历史、地理试题的内涵和外延，并结合选项进行甄别、筛选，做出综合思考和理

性的判断，从而选出最符合题意要求的选项。

VII新闻报道类

新闻报道类文章都具有时代性，材料反映当代社会的某个方面。新闻报道类文章要点突出,

主题鲜明；一般来说，看文章的首段或者首句便可知全文的主要内容，如时间、地点、人

物等；新闻报道类文章清楚地告知读者when,where,who,what,how等内容。

1.泛读各类文章，积累背景知识。做阅读时，背景知识对阅读理解水平有着重要的影响。

因此，考生对文章内容的熟悉程度有时要比其本身的语言水平更重要。所以考生在复习迎

考时，要有针对性地选读一些有关各学科知识的文章，留意各类评论性文章，增加一些背

景知识，有意识地强化记忆有关词汇，以便能理解考试中将会遇到的各种内容的文章，从

而达到事半功倍的效果。

2.重视文章的首段、首句。一般来说，根据文章第一段或者仅仅根据第一句话便可知全文

的主要内容，如事件、时间、地点、人物等。

3.在阅读中要忽略人名、地名，不要被这些专有名词弄乱自己的思路和情绪，但要理清地

点的位置及人物之间的关系

4.做题时要先读问题，再读文章，之后再回归问题。

三、变式训练

1、

Everyonehas"downdays'1.Maybeit*sbecauseofthebadweather,orthepoor

gradeonadifficulttest,andsomedaysteenagersjustactuninterestedinlifeorschool.

Butthesesymptoms（症状）oftenpassquickly,asteensmoveontonewschoolsubjects,

ormeetfriends,preventingthemselvesfromthinkingwhattroublesthematthemoment.

Butifateenagerdisplayssymptomsofsadnessformorethantwoweeks,itmightpoint

tosomethingserious.

Asteenagersdevelop,theypushnewboundaries（边界）,complainaboutrulesand

lookformorefreerightsfromtheirparents.AccordingtotheonlineHealthGuideon

AdolescentDevelopment,parentsmustbelastingfiguresintheirteenagers*life,

providingsafeboundariesforteenstogrow,eveniftheteenagersactlikethese

boundariesareunwanted.

Parentsneedtoproviderules,whilealsoremainingflexible（灵活的）and

respectfulofthegrowingteens*needforfreedom.Forexample,teenagerswilloften

feelfrustrated,embarrassed,andevenangrythatthoughtheywantfreedom,theystill

needtoasktheirparentsforagreementtogotoafriend'shouse,orneedtheirmothers

totakethemtoschool.

TheUSDepartmentofEducationsaysthatparentsshouldrespect（尊重）and

supporttheirteens1choicesaslongasthosechoiceswon'thavelong-termharmful

effects.Forexample,evenifaparentdoesn'tpreferthemusichisorherteenlistensto,

it'sunlikelythatthechoiceofmusicwillpreventthatteenfromenteringagoodcollege,

orleadtohealthproblems.However,ifthatteenisdrinkingalcoholanddriving,parents

mustgetthroughstrictpunishmentstoteachhim/herthattherearebadresultsofpoor

choicesthatcomewithincreasedfreedom.

l.Whydoteens'feelingsofbaddaysusuallydisappearquickly?

A.Theirteachershelpthem.B.Theytakesomemedicine.

C.Theirparentstalkwiththem.D.Theyshifttheirattention.

2.WhatdoestheexampleinParagraph3show?

A.Freedommustbegivenatanytime.

B.Teensaremadaboutbeingcontrolled.

C.Teensneedbothfreedomandproperrules.

D.Rulesmustbeabsolutelystrictforteens.

3.Whatshouldparentsdoabouttheirteens*choices?

A.Supporttheirhelpfulhobbies.B.Tellthemwhichcollegetoattend.

C.Canceltheirextra-curricularactivities.D.Getthemawayfromsingingpopsongs.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoBewithGrowingTeens

B.CausesofTeens*Sadness

C.Teens1WorriesAboutStrictRules

D.TheImportanceofMakingFriendswithTeens

2、

Astheoldestofthreechildren,Ineverhadanyhand-me-downstowearlikeother

poorkids.Instead,Momgotmywardrobe（行头）fromneighborhoodmothers.Imagine

thefunotherkidshadwhentheysawmewearingtheirusedclothing.

PerhapsmybiggestchallengecamefromCharlie.AsfarasIwasconcerned,

Charlie'smainfiinwastomakefiinofme.Duringthoseyears,Islowlylearnedtohate.

IhatedCharlie,butIalsohatedmyselffornotbeingabletochangemysituation.

Butsituationsdochange.ThatopportunitycameafterhighschoolwhenIjoined

theNavy.TheNavymademeasocialequalforthefirsttimeinmylife,andtheGIBill

gavemeacollegeeducation.Hardworkandafewluckycareer（职业）choicesfinally

liftedmeintothemiddleclass.IfoundmyselflivingtheAmericanDream.

Onebeautifulsummerafternoon,myfriendandIcelebratedFridayinJackson's

SteakHouse.Forthefirsttimeinalmosttwentyyears,IsawCharlie.NotonlydidIsee

him,buthespoketome.Icouldtellhedidn'trecognizeme,butIsurelyrecognizedmy

childhoodtormentor（摧残者）.Hiswordswereshort,butI'llneverforgetthem.He

said,"Sir,whatkindofdressingwouldyoulikewithyoursalad?”

Thetableshadturned.Charliewascallingme"Sir."Whilehundredsofimproper

ideasracedthroughmymind,Icouldonlygiveatwo-wordreply:"Bluecheese."As

muchasIwantedtotastethesweettasteofrevenge（复仇）,Irefusedtodoit.Iwouldn't

putanotherpersonthroughwhatIhadgonethroughasachild.Itwastimetoput

childishthingsbehindmeandmakeuseofthenewopportunitythatlifehadgivenme.

IlefthimagoodtipandIdidn'tsayonewordaboutrecognizinghim.

1.Wheredidtheauthorusuallygethisclothesasakid?

A.Hismumboughtthemforhim.

B.Theywerefromotherfamilies.

C.Otherpoorkidscollectedthemforhim.

D.Theywerehandeddownbyhisbrothers.

2.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'schildhood?

A.Painful.B.Funny.C.Strange.D.Lucky.

3.WhatjobdidCharlieprobablydo?

A.AhairdresserB.Awaiter.C.Asoldier.D.Acook.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.LiveyourownAmericanDream.B.Bestmemoriesinchildhood.

C.Don'thatebutloveyourenemy.D.Growingupandlettinggo

3、

AsseabirdbiologistBonnieSlatonslidesoffasmallboatandwalksthroughwaist-

highwater,thebrownpelicans（弟乌鹏）spreadtheirwingsoverheaduntilshereaches

RaccoonIsland.ThenarrowislandisasmallpieceoflandseparatingtheAmerican

stateofLouisianafromtheGulfofMexico.Duringtheseabirdbreeding（繁殖）season,

theplace,oneofthefewremainingplacesofsafetyfbrthepelicans,isfullofnoise.

13yearsago,therewere15low-lyingislandswithbreedingareasforLouisiana's

statebird.However,todayonlyaboutsixislandsinsoutheasternLouisianahavebrown

pelicannestsandtheresthavedisappearedunderwater.

Slatonandotherscientistssetupcamerastoobservepelicannestsontheisland.

Thecamerasshowthatinrecentyearsthepelicanshavefacedsomenaturaldisasters.

Themainkillerofthemisflooding,whichcanwashawayallthenests,ashappenedin

April2021.Thedisappearingislandsarethelocationofastoryofsuccessful

conservation.Formanyyears,scientistshaveworkedtobringthepelicansbackfrom

totallydyingoff.

MikeCarlossisastatewildlifebiologistinLouisiana.Hesaidheneversawbrown

pelicansasachildinthe1960s.TheirpopulationshadbeenkilledbytheuseofDDT,

akindoffarmchemical.Itthinnedeggshellsandpreventedpelicansfromgivingbirth

toyoungbirds.ThebelovedbirdswerecompletelygonefromLouisiana,only

appearingonthestateflag.Butalong-runningefforttosavethemledtothebirds*return.

AfterDDTwasstoppedintheU.S.in1972,biologistsbroughtyoungpelicansfrom

nearbyFloridatolettheminhabittheemptyislandsacrosstheGulfofMexico.More

than1,200pelicanshavebeensetfreeinsoutheasternLouisianaover13years.

Thebrownpelicanscanlivemorethan20years.So,thefinaleffectofdisappearing

breedingareasisuncertainanditwillstilltaketimetobecomeclear.Andthefuturefor

pelicansisuncertainontheislands.

1.Whatisakillerofbrownpelicans?

A.Theislandmovement.B.Theunderwaternoise.

C.Theincreaseofhumanpopulation.D.Thedisappearanceofbreedingareas.

2.Whydidthescientistssetupcameras?

A.lbstopillegalhunting.B.Towatchpelicans1home.

C.Topredictseriousflooding.D.lbrecordthenumberofpelicans.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inhabit”inParagraph4mean?

A.Liveon.B.Focuson.C.Breakinto.D.Lookinto.

4.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthepelicans*future?

A.Unconcerned.B.Curious.C.Doubtful.D.Proud.

4、

China'ssecondnationalbotanical（植物学的）garden,theSouthChinaNational

BotanicalGarden,wassetupinGuangzhouonJuly11th,2022.

Withatotalof319hectaresofthecorefunctionalareaplanned,thenewnational

botanicalgardenwasbuiltbasedontheSouthChinaBotanicalGarden.Itspans

GuangzhouandZhaoqing,twocitiesinGuangdongProvince.Itisthelargest

subtropicalbotanicalgarden,enjoyingthelongesthistory.Also,theclimatein

Guangdongmakesthegardenhometothousandsofplants,allowingittohavethe

largestnumberofplantspecies.

TheSouthChinaNationalBotanicalGardenaimstostrengthentheconservation,

scientificresearchandknowledgebroadcastingoftropical（热带的）andsubtropical

plants.Thegardenhasthreeresearchcenters,twonational-levelfieldstationsandthree

keylaboratoriesoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.Thereare17,168protectedplants,

643rareandendangeredplants,and337nationalkeywildprotectedplantsinthegarden

atpresent.

ThegardenwillparticipateinplantdiversityprotectionbothinChinaandthe

worldandachievetheconservationgoalof20,000species.Meanwhile,itaimstoplay

aworld-leadingroleincollectionandstorageoflivingplants,amongwhich6,000

speciesareeconomicplants.

Besides,95percentofrareandendangeredplantsinSouthChinawillbe

effectivelyprotected,thusprovidingplantresourcesforgreendevelopment.

Chinaisoneofthecountriesintheworldwiththerichestbiodiversity,having

morethan37,000knownspeciesofhigherplants,accountingforaboutonetenthofthe

world'stotal.

TheSouthChinaNationalBotanicalGarden,togetherwiththeChinaNational

BotanicalGardeninBeijing,hasformedasystemofcollectionandretentionofwild

plantgroups,whichishelpfultomaintainthecountry'splantdiversity.

1.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheSouthChinaNationalBotanicalGarden?

A.Itiswellequipped.

Bitonlyoffersserviceforresearch.

C.Ithasbecomeapopulartouristattraction.

D.Itisthelargestnationalbotanicalgarden.

2.WhatisthesituationofrareandendangeredplantsinSouthChina?

A.Theyai*edyingoutsharply.

B.Mostofthemwillbeprotectedwell.

C.Theywillbeusedtoimproveeconomicdevelopment.

D.Mostofthemaremovedtobotanicalgardens.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^retention"inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Development.B.Comparison.C.Protection.D.Improvement.

4,Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AGardenforCollectingandStudyingPlants

B.ANewWaytoStrengthenPlantConservation

C.China'sVariousWaysofEnvironmentalProtection

D.China'sSecondNationalBotanicalGarden

5、

Thesummerholidayshavejustbegun,butitisabusymorningatCadoxton

PrimarySchool,inBarry,anindustrialtowninWales.Itrunsasummerprogrammefor

hard・up（拮据的）children,providingmealsandactivitiesovertheholidayswiththe

aimofhelpingkidstospendthetimemoremeaningfully.Asyoungpeoplerunlaughing

andscreamingintotheschoolcafeteriaforbreakfast,theirparentshungout,some

visiblyrelieved.Justthreedaysintothesix-weekschoolholidaysonemothersaysher

nine-year-olddaughterhasalreadyaskedfivetimestogobowling."Withoutthe

schoofshelp,"shesays,“itwouldbealongandexpensivesixweeks.”

Inthepopularimagination,schoolsummerholidaysconjureup（使...呈现于脑

际）apictureofcarefreeyouthfulexploration.Butmanyparentsrelyontheterm-time

servicesthatschoolsgivetheirkids,suchastutorsandmeals.Iftheholidaysapproach,

theycansuddenlyfindtheirschedulesandbudgetsstretched.Researchersalsosaythat

thelongbreakoftensetsbackchildren'slearning,andthatchildrenfrompoorer

backgroundsaredesperatelyaffectedduetotheirshortageofmoney.

Manypoorchildrenfallbehindtheirwealthierpeersovertheholidays,"'Summer

isthemostunequaltimeoftheyear,“saysMatthewBoulayoftheNationalSummer

LearningAssociation,"Well-offparentscanfillthegapleftbyschooland

consolidate（使巩固）theirchildren'sunfamiliarknowledgewell,keepingtheirchildren

stimulatedwithsummercamps,tripsabroadorprivatetutors.Poorerfamilies,

apparently,findthisharder,sincetheirincomeisrelativelylowanddemandfor

sponsoredactivitiesofferedbygovernments,headds.

Holidayscanbeafinancialstress,whichisabsolutelytrue.Incountrieswhere

somechildrenreceivefreeschoolmeals,summermeansbiggergrocerybillsforhard-

upfamilies.HouseholdswherebothparentsworkhavetopayfbrextrachildcareAtoo.

TheFamilyandChildcareTrust,acharity,saysthatinBritain,wherechildcarecosts

arethehighestintheOECD,aclubofmostlyrichcountries.Parentswillspendan

averageof£33perchildperweekonchildcarethissummer,mainlybecauseofthe

sharpshortageofgovernmentalfundingsponsor.

l.Whatisthepurposeofthesummerprogramme?

A.Tolengthenstudents*schoollife.

B.Tokeepstudentsbusyallthetime.

C.Toprovidestudentswithfreemeals.

D.Toenrichstudents,summerholidays.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stretched“Paragraph2probablymean?

A.Rich.B.Tight.C,Reasonable.D.Affordable.

3.WhichstatementdoesMatthewBoulayprobablyagreewith?

A.Badly-offparentsarelikelytogiveupsponsoringtheirkids.

B.Well-offparentsareunwillingtooffertheirkidsextratutors.

C.Studentsfrompoorfamilycanwelldealwiththepeerpressure.

D.Studentsfromrichfamilycanstrengthentheirlearnedknowledge.

4.WhymustBritishparentspayforthechildcareinsummerholiday?

A.Becauseofinsufficiencyoffreetutors.

B.Becauseofshortageofsocialsponsor.

C.Becauseofshortageoffreeschoolmeals.

D.Becauseoflackofgovernmentalsupport.

答案以及解析

1、1.答案：C

解析：理解具体信息。根据Nahm部分的"HeadChefDavid...in2010"可知，

Nahm饭店有知名的厨师；根据IssayaSiameseClub部分的"IssayaSiameseClub

is...restaurant"可知,IssayaSiameseClub有知名厨师。故两者的共同之处是它们都

有知名的厨师。故选C。

2.答案：B

解析：理解具体信息根据Bo.lan部分的“Forthose...setmenu"可知，Bo.lan为特

别饥饿的顾客提供大型套餐。故选B。

3.答案：D

解析：理解具体信息根据Gaggan部分的"Thebesttablein...staffinaction"可知，

Gaggan的特别之处在于顾客可以看到厨师做饭的全部过程。故选D。

2、

1.答案：C

解析：根据JacquelineFelicedeAlmania中的"shemovedtoPariswhereshe

workedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery”和JamesBarry中的“Shequalifiedasa

surgeonin1813"可知，这两个人的共同之处就是她们都做手术。故选C。

2.答案：A

解析：理解具体信息。根据TanYunxian部分的介绍可知，谈允贤从小跟着爷

爷奶奶学医，并通过了官方的考试，一生中为各行各业的女性诊疗。她还写了

一本名为《女医杂言》的书，记录了自己的女医生涯。其他三个医生的介绍中

并未提到写书。故选A。

3.答案：D

解析：理解具体信息。根据RebeccaLeeCrumpler中的"shewasthefirstAfrican

Americanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree"可知,RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一个

获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。

3、

1.答案：A

解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段的"Grizzlybears...occupyaconflictedcornerof

theAmericanpsyche（灰熊在美国人心中占据了一个矛盾的角落）"和"we

revere（敬畏）themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams...theiranswerisoftenthe

same:agrizzlybear"可知，人们对灰熊既怕又爱。由此可见，人们对它们的感情

很复杂。故选A。

2.答案：C

解析：根据第三段的"In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpecies

Act（1975年，灰熊被列入《美国濒危动物法案》中）”和第四段的"Today,there

areabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.（如今，美国大约有2000或更多头

灰熊）"可以推断，灰熊数量增长与1975年以来的法律保护息息相关。故选C。

3.答案：A

解析：理解具体信息根据题干的"theU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromde­

listinggrizzlies"可以迅速锁定第四段。根据第四段的"Botheffortswereoverturned

duetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups（由于来自保护组织的诉讼，这两次尝试

都被推翻了）"可知，动物保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类及野生动物管理局将

灰熊从《美国濒危动物法案》中除名。故选A。

4.答案：B

解析：根据最后一段的"Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractants...isalsohighly

effectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway（如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和营地

拿走，灰熊经过时通常会平安无事。在鸡舍和其他农场动物住所周围安装电围

栏对赶走灰熊也非常有效）”可以推断，人类可以和灰熊和谐共处。故选B。

1、答案：1-4:DCAA

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Butthesesymptoms（症状）oftenpass

quickly,asteensmoveontonewschoolsubjects,ormeetfriends,preventing

themselvesfromthinkingwhattroublesthematthemoment4但这些症状往往很快

就会消失,因为青少年开始学习新的学校课程，或遇见朋友，这防止了他们思考当

前的困扰。户可知，青少年不愉快的感觉很快就会消失是因为他们通过做其他事

情转移了注意力，故选D。

2推理判断题。举例是为了证明观点。第三段例子对应的观点句为段首句

“Parentsneedtoproviderules,whilealsoremainingflexibleandrespectfulofthe

growingteens'needforfreedom.（父母需要提供规则，同时也要保持灵活性,尊重成

长中的青少年对自由的需求）由此推知，第三段的例子是为了说明青少年既需

要自由又需要适当的规则，故选Co

3.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TheUSDepartmentofEducationsaysthat

parentsshouldrespectandsupporttheirteens'choicesaslongasthosechoiceswon't

havelong-termharmfuleffects.（美国教育部表示，父母应该尊重和支持青少年的选

择,只要那些选择不会产生长期的有害影响。）”可知，父母应该支持青少年的有益

的爱好，故选Ao

4.答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。

Para.l指出了青少年在Para.2指出父母必须在Para.3指出父母应为青

成长的过程中会有沮丧青少年的生活中扮演持少年提供规则，与此同时

的日子