安徽省宿州市十三校联考2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

宿州市省、市示范高中2023—2024学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高一英语试卷（本试卷满分为150分，考试用时120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍.1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Athome.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydotomorrowafternoon?A.Seeadoctor.B.Watchamovie.C.Meetherbrother.3.Howwillthespeakersgotothebookstore?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Giveuptheprogram.B.Takethreemonthsoff.C.GotoFrance.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDario?A.Hefeelshopeless.B.HelikesCokeverymuch.C.Hewastoobusytogoshopping.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanwant?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aroomforthree.7.Howmuchwillthewomanpaypernight?A.$100.B.$120.C.$150.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thehouseowner.B.Theingparty.C.Theconditionofahouse.9.Whatwaswrongwiththehouseyesterday?A.Itslightwasbroken.B.Itselectricitywentoff.C.Itspipeneededreplacing.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.AtCustomerService.B.Overthephone.C.AtBensonSoftware.11.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Toplaceanorder.B.TohaveCDplayersrepaired.C.Toplainaboutawrongorder.12.HowmanymoreCDplayerswillbesenttotheman?A.50.B.100.C.150.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthemanenjoymostaboutthecourse?A.Meetingfamousmusicians.B.Organizingeverydetailofit.C.Hearingyoungmusiciansplay.14.Howdoesthemanadvertisethecourse?A.Throughtheuniversity.B.ThroughtheInternet.C.ThroughtheTVshow.15.Whatisrequiredtojointhecourse?A.BasicEnglishskill.B.Perfectperformance.C.Goodlooks.16.Whyisn’tthecountrysideagoodchoice?A.Thecostishigh.B.Thetransportisinconvenient.C.Thespaceislimited.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhenshouldparentspickuptheirkidsatthelatestonThursday?A.At1:00pm.B.At11:30am.C.At12:30pm.18.What’stheadvantageoforderingsuppliesfromschool?A.Ithasafreedelivery.B.Itisveryconvenient.C.Itwillcostmuchless.19.Whatdoesthemunitycharitydo?A.Helppeopleinneed.B.Lookformissingthings.C.Donatethingstotheschool.20.Whowillgetacallthenightbeforeschoolstarts?A.Newstudents.B.Returningstudents.C.Teachers.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASevenBaysRockClimbingGymisownedbyRichardAvenz,theworldclassrockclimberwhoalsoownsthefamousClimbingGymSubway.SevenBaysRockClimbingGymisa6,000squarefootgymonGothelmStreetthathostsa200footlongclimbingwallandacafe,whereyoucanrelaxbeforeorafterclimbing,orsimplysitandwatchyourfriendsgoforit.RockClimbingisalsoaboutthepeopleyoumeet,asmuchastheclimbingitself.Ourgymistheperfectplaceforclimberstomeetandshareexperiences.Therearelessonssevendaysaweekonthesmallerwallandwhensomeoneisready,theyareletlooseonthemainwall,butalwaysunderobservation.Wehaveagreatsafetyrecordandintendtokeepitthatway.Thegymisopen24hoursaday,7daysaweek,butlessonsarebetween12to6p.m.Youcangetastudentpackagefor700poundsamonthandtherearealsoyearlydeals,butdailyorweeklydealsarenotprovided.Probablyoneofthebestthingsthegymoffersisweekendtripsformanyexperiencedclimbers.Youcangetoutandtryarealrockfaceatthecostof150pounds.Wearrangehotelacmodationforovernightandit’sfreeofcharge.It’salotoffun.It’sagreatwaytomeetpeople,strengthenyourbodyandbeepartoftherockclimbingmunity.1.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueaboutRichardAvenz?A.HeisinpossessionofSevenBaysRockGym.B.Heisanexcellentclimber.C.ClimbingGymSubwaydoesn’tbelongtohim.D.Heisnotonlyasportsmanbutalsoabusinessman.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthegym?A.Itisnotopenallyearround.B.Thelessonscanbeavailableanytime.C.Duringweekendtrips,thegymwillofferhotelacmodationfreeofcharge.D.Thestudentscangetdailydeals.3.WhoisSevenBaysRockingClimbingintendedfor?A.Peoplewhoarefondofsports. B.Peoplewhoshowinterestinmusic.C.Peoplewhodreamtobeascientist. D.Peoplewholikegeography.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了世界一流攀岩运动员理查德·艾文兹创立的七湾攀岩馆。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SevenBaysRockClimbingGymisownedbyRichardAvenz,theworldclassrockclimberwhoalsoownsthefamousClimbingGymSubway.(七湾攀岩馆的老板是世界一流的攀岩运动员理查德·艾文兹，他也是著名的地铁攀岩馆的老板。)”可知，ClimbingGymSubway也属于RichardAvenz。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Probablyoneofthebestthingsthegymoffersisweekendtripsformanyexperiencedclimbers.Youcangetoutandtryarealrockfaceatthecostof150pounds.Wearrangehotelacmodationforovernightandit’sfreeofcharge.(对于许多有经验的登山者来说，场馆提供的最好的东西之一可能是周末旅行。你可以出去试试真正的岩壁，花费150英镑。我们免费为您安排酒店住宿。)”可知，在周末旅行期间，场馆将免费提供酒店住宿。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“SevenBaysRockClimbingGymisa6,000squarefootgymonGothelmStreetthathostsa200footlongclimbingwallandacafe,whereyoucanrelaxbeforeorafterclimbing,orsimplysitandwatchyourfriendsgoforit.(七湾攀岩馆位于哥瑟姆街，占地6000平方英尺，有一面200英尺长的攀岩墙和一个咖啡馆，你可以在攀岩之前或之后放松一下，或者只是坐着看你的朋友攀岩。)”及文章最后一段“It’sagreatwaytomeetpeople,strengthenyourbodyandbeepartoftherockclimbingmunity.(这是一个很好的结识朋友，增强你的身体，成为攀岩社区的一部分的方式。)”可推知，七湾攀岩馆是为喜欢运动的人设立的。故选A。BIhesitatedwhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwejointheschool’snewTaiChiclub.Iusedtothinkthattaichiwasfortheelderly.However,thefirstclasschangedmypreviousunderstandingoftaichi.Ayearlater,Icansaythattaichihashadahugeimpactonme.Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemoveswithdescriptivenamesreallycaughtmyimagination,like“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg.”WhenIaskedmycoachwheretheseinterestingnamescamefrom,hetoldmeaboutthehistoryoftaichi.ZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.However,nowadayspeopletendtobelievethatChenWangting,a17thcenturymasterofChinesemartialarts,developedtaichibasedonmartialartsskills.Afterthefirstfewbasictaichilessons,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesameslowmovesoverandoveragain.Fortunately,mycoachtaughtmehowtorelaxmymusclesandfocusonpeaceofmindduringever,daypractice.Withtheserequirementsoftaichiinmind,Ifoundtomysatisfactionthatmybalanceandflexibilityslowlyimproved,thatIwasabletodomoredifficultmoves,andthatmylovefortaichireturnedstrongerthanever.Meanwhile,IstartedtoexploretheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.IdiscoveredthattaichiisdeeplyrootedintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformthetheunityofopposite.Neithercanexistindependentoftheother.Thepracticeoftaichiaimstokeepthebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.Ultimately,taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.Theexperienceofayearoftaichihasaffectedmyeverydaylifepositively.Isleepmoresoundlyatnight,andfeelmoreenergeticduringtheday.Ifeelhappierandmoreconfident.Taichihastaughtmetorelaxmymind,enablingmetostaycalminstressfulsituations.IamsureIwillcontinuetopractisetaichiandenjoythebenefitsithasbroughtme.4.WhydidtheauthorjointheTaiChiClub?A.Becauseofhisfriend’sadvice. B.Becauseofhisinterestinit.C.Becauseoftheschool’srequest. D.Becauseofhisparents’suggestion.5.Whichofthefollowingwordscandescribethemovesoftaichi?A.Quickandbeautiful. B.Quickandfree.C.Slowandbeautiful. D.Slowandboring.6.WhatistheChineseculturebehindtaichi?A.TaichiisinfluencedbyLaozi’sphilosophyofwater.B.Taichicanhaveapositiveeffectinpeople’slives.C.YoucanfindtheoriginoftaichiintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang.D.Taichicanmakepeoplefeelenergeticandconfident.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.Finally B.Sometimes C.Firstly D.Constantly【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了太极运动对于作者的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ihesitatedwhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwejointheschool’snewTaiChiclub.(当朋友建议我们加入学校新成立的太极俱乐部时，我犹豫了一下)”可知，朋友的建议让作者加入了学校太极俱乐部。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Afterthefirstfewbasictaichilessons,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesameslowmovesoverandoveragain.(在最初的几堂基础太极课后，我发现自己厌倦了一遍又一遍地做同样的缓慢动作)”及文章第二段“Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemoveswithdescriptivenamesreallycaughtmyimagination,like“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg.”WhenIaskedmycoachwheretheseinterestingnamescamefrom,hetoldmeaboutthehistoryoftaichi.ZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.(最初的几节太极课既有趣又简单，那些动作的名字也很吸引我，比如“白鹤展翅”和“金鸡独立”。当我问我的教练这些有趣的名字是从哪里来的，他告诉我关于太极的历史。据说，13世纪的道家张三丰从蛇与鸟的搏斗中得到灵感，发明了太极拳)”可知，太极拳的招式是缓慢并且优美的。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Meanwhile,IstartedtoexploretheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.IdiscoveredthattaichiisdeeplyrootedintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformthetheunityofopposite.(同时，我开始探索太极拳背后的中国古代文化。我发现太极深深植根于中国的阴阳哲学，阴阳被认为是对立的统一)”可知，太极背后的中国文化是在中国的阴阳哲学中找到太极的起源。故选C。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Thepracticeoftaichiaimstokeepthebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.(练习太极的目的是通过相反的动作来保持身体的阴阳平衡:前后，上下，左右，吸气和呼气)”表明太极的动作，划线词后一句“ taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.(太极拳带来一种身体平衡和精神平静的状态)”可知，这些招式最终会带来一种平衡的状态，划线词与Finally（最终）意思相近。故选A。CVitamins,minerals,andmultivitaminsupplementswon’tprotectyoufromcancer,heartdisease,orhelpyoulivelonger,theUSpreventiveServicesTaskForcesaidinthenewguidelinesreleasedTuesdayintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationonJune21.Followingthereleaseofthepreviousguidelinesin2014,theTaskForcereviewed84studiestestingvitaminsinalmost700,000people,including52newstudies.However,theconclusionisstillthesameasthatof2014:Ifyouareahealthyadultwhoisnotpregnant,thereisnotenoughevidenceofbenefitstoexpandone’slifeintakingvitaminE,vitaminD,vitaminA,calciumtablets,carotene(胡萝卜素),vitaminB3,vitaminB6,vitaminCandothersupplements.TheTaskForcedoesnotremendtakingcarotenesupplementstopreventcardiovascular(心血管)diseaseorcancer,withenoughevidencethatit“mayincreasetheriskofdeath,thedeathrateofcardiovasculardiseaseandtheriskoflungcancer”.NorshouldpeopletakevitaminE,“becausevitaminEisnotlikelytobebeneficialinreducingdeath,cardiovasculardiseaseorcancerrisk,”theTaskForcesaid.“Lifestyleremendationsforpreventingchronicdiseases(慢性病)shouldcontinuetofocusonevidencebasedmethods,includingbalancedmealsrichinfruitsandvegetablesandphysicalactivity,”Dr.JeffreyLinder,DirectorofGeneralInternalMedicineattheFeinbergSchoolofMedicineofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago,wroteinanadditionalmentary.TaketheMediterraneandietforexample.EatingtheMediterraneanway,whichfocusesonaplantbaseddiet,physicalactivityandsocialengagement,canreducetheriskforhighcholesterol,dementia(痴呆),memoryloss,depressionandbreastcancer.AndnumerousstudiesfoundmealsfromthesunnyMediterraneanregionhavealsobeenlinkedtoweightloss,strongerbones,ahealthierheartandlongerlife.AnotherevidencebasedapproachistheDASHdiet,whichstandsfor“dietaryapproachestostophypertension(高血压)”.Manystudieshaveshownthatthisdietsuccessfullyreduceshypertension.BoththeMediterraneanandDASHdietsavoidprocessedfoodsandfocusonfruits,vegetables,beans,wholegrains,nutsandseeds.“Ratherthanfocusingmoney,time,andattentiononsupplements,itwouldbebettertoemphasizelowerrisk,higherbenefitactivities...followingahealthydiet,gettingexercise,maintainingahealthyweight,andavoidingsmoking,”Linderandhiscolleagueswrote.However,certaingroupsofpeopledoneedtotakespecificvitamins.SomeseniorsmayneedvitaminB12andvitaminB6supplementsbecausetheyabsorbfewervitaminsfromfoodastheyage.Becausetheelderlyoftenhavelesssunexposurethanyoungerpeople,theymayneedvitaminDsupplements,butthedosagemustbecheckedbythedoctor,astoomuchvitaminDintakecanbeharmful.8.WhatcanwelearnfromtheTaskForce?A.Vitaminsmustbeusefultopreventcardiovasculardiseaseorcancer.B.Doctorswanttocontrolcardiovasculardisease.C.It’snecessaryforallpeopletotakevitamins.D.Insomeregard,takingvitaminsisnotbeneficial.9.Howmanykindsofdietsarementionedtoreducedeath,cardiovasculardiseaseorcancerrisk?A.One B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.10.Accordingtothepassage,whocantakevitaminsregularly?A.A40yearoldhealthyworker. B.A15yearoldhealthyboy.C.A34yearoldhealthylady. D.A69yearoldhealthyman.11.What’sthemainideaforthetext?A.Thehistoryofvitamins.B.Thefunctionsofvitamins.C.Takingvitaminstopreventdiseasesmayfail.D.People’sattitudestowardsvitamins.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明，普通人服用维生素、矿物质和复合维生素补充剂并不能降低患病风险，也不能帮助延长寿命，建议应该关注有据可循的方法。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Vitamins,minerals,andmultivitaminsupplementswon’tprotectyoufromcancer,heartdisease,orhelpyoulivelonger,theUSpreventiveServicesTaskForcesaidinthenewguidelinesreleasedTuesdayintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationonJune21.(美国预防服务工作组在6月21日发表在《美国医学会杂志》上的新指南中表示，维生素、矿物质和多种维生素补充剂不能保护你免受癌症、心脏病的侵害，也不能延长你的寿命)”和第三段中的“Ifyouareahealthyadultwhoisnotpregnant,thereisnotenoughevidenceofbenefitstoexpandone’slifeintakingvitaminE,vitaminD,vitaminA,calciumtablets,carotene(胡萝卜素),vitaminB3,vitaminB6,vitaminCandothersupplements.TheTaskForcedoesnotremendtakingcarotenesupplementstopreventcardiovascular(心血管)diseaseorcancer,withenoughevidencethatit“mayincreasetheriskofdeath,thedeathrateofcardiovasculardiseaseandtheriskoflungcancer”.NorshouldpeopletakevitaminE,“becausevitaminEisnotlikelytobebeneficialinreducingdeath,cardiovasculardiseaseorcancerrisk,”theTaskForcesaid.(如果你是一个健康且没有怀孕的成年人，那么没有足够的证据表明服用维生素E、维生素D、维生素A、钙片、胡萝卜素、维生素B3、维生素B6、维生素C和其他补充剂有助于延长寿命。工作组不建议服用胡萝卜素补充剂来预防心血管疾病或癌症，有足够的证据表明它“可能会增加死亡风险、心血管疾病死亡率和癌症风险”。工作组表示，人们也不应该服用维生素E，“因为维生素E不太可能有助于降低死亡、心血管疾病或癌症风险”。)”可推知，从某些方面来说，服用维生素并没有好处。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Lifestyleremendationsforpreventingchronicdiseases(慢性病)shouldcontinuetofocusonevidencebasedmethods,includingbalancedmealsrichinfruitsandvegetablesandphysicalactivity(预防慢性病的生活方式建议应继续关注有据可循方法，包括富含水果和蔬菜的均衡膳食以及体育活动)”、第五段中的“TaketheMediterraneandietforexample.(以地中海饮食为例。)”和第六段中的“AnotherevidencebasedapproachistheDASHdiet,whichstandsfor“dietaryapproachestostophypertension(高血压)”.(另一种循证方法是DASH饮食，它代表“阻止高血压的饮食方法”。)”可知，文中提到地中海饮食和DASH饮食两种有助于预防慢性病、减少死亡的饮食。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“SomeseniorsmayneedvitaminB12andvitaminB6supplementsbecausetheyabsorbfewervitaminsfromfoodastheyage.Becausetheelderlyoftenhavelesssunexposurethanyoungerpeople,theymayneedvitaminDsupplements,butthedosagemustbecheckedbythedoctor,astoomuchvitaminDintakecanbeharmful.(一些老年人可能需要补充维生素B12和维生素B6，因为随着年龄的增长，他们从食物中吸收的维生素会减少。因为老年人经常比年轻人少晒太阳，他们可能需要补充维生素D，但剂量必须由医生检查，因为摄入过多的维生素D可能有害。)”可知，一些老年人需要补充维生素。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段中的“Vitamins,minerals,andmultivitaminsupplementswon’tprotectyoufromcancer,heartdisease,orhelpyoulivelonger(维生素、矿物质和多种维生素补充剂不会保护你免受癌症、心脏病的侵袭，也不会帮助你活得更长)”引出主题，即维生素、矿物质和多种维生素补充剂不会帮助预防疾病和延长寿命，由此可推测出，C项“服用维生素来预防疾病可能无效”符合题意。故选C。DSeveralyearsago,aworldwideheavyrainwaspredicted,butnoonegotpreparedforwhatwastoe.Then,someareasreceivedover100cmofrain.Carsandtrucksfloateddownthestreets.Wholebuildingsweresweptaway.Atleast225peoplelosttheirlives,andmillionsbecamehomeless.Theweatherisalwayschanging.Overthepastfewyears,heavyrainshaveledtofloodsinmanypartsoftheworld.DroughtshavetakenplaceinBrazilandAustralia.TherehavebeenheatwavesinEuropewhichkilledthousands.Therehavebeenmorepowerfulhurricanesandtornadoesthaneverbefore.In2017alone,thefinancialcostfromglobalweathereventswasupto340billiondollars.Withmorewildweathereventshappening,peoplecouldn’thelpaskingquestions:Whatishappeningwiththeweather?Andwhy?Isthisnatural,orourfault?Theanswerseemstobe:alittleofboth.Wildweatherisnatural.ButmostscientistsholdthesameviewthathumanactivityhasmadetheEarthwarmer.Itisthisglobalwarmingthatmakesheatwavesmorelikely.Thehighertemperaturesalsoresultinmorewatertogointotheair,whichcausesheavierandmorefrequentrain.Manyscientistsalsobelieveglobalwarmingmakeshurricanesandotherstormsstronger.Thismeanswe’relikelytoseemorewildweather.“Butwedon’thavetojuststandthereandacceptit,”saysscientistMichael.HeandotherexpertssayweneedtostoptheEarthfromgettingwarmer.Wealsoneedtobeprepared,todothingsthatwillhelpsavelives.12.What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Apastweathereventhappenedinsomeareasintheworld.B.Somefactsarelistedabouttheglobalwarming.C.Anumberofrecentweathereventshappenedovertheworld.D.Wildweatherispartlytheresultofhumanactivity.13.Howdoesparagraphtwodevelop?A.Bygivingalotofexamplesofrecentwildweatherevents.BBydescribingaseriousfloodthatoncehappened.C.Bypredictinghowtheweatherwillchangeinafewyears.D.Byparingtheformerwildweatherwithwhathappenednow14.WhatdoesscientistMichael’swordsmean?APeoplecannotdoanythingtopreventwildweather.B.Ifpeoplestopglobalwarming,theweatherwillbebetter.C.Itistoolatetostopglobalwarming.D.Peoplehavetostandbyandacceptwhatwillhappentous.15.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?A.Inatouristbrochure B.InaresearchpaperC.Inasciencefiction D.Inanaturemagazine【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，本文介绍了恶劣天气事件的增多及背后的原因，并提出了我们应该如何对待这一现象。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Then,someareasreceivedover100cmofrain.Carsandtrucksfloateddownthestreets.Wholebuildingsweresweptaway.Atleast225peoplelosttheirlives,andmillionsbecamehomeless.(当时，一些地区的降雨量超过了100厘米。汽车和卡车沿街行驶。整座建筑物被冲走。至少225人丧生，数百万人无家可归)”可知，第一段描述了过去发生在世界上的一些地区的天气事件。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Overthepastfewyears,heavyrainshaveledtofloodsinmanypartsoftheworld.DroughtshavetakenplaceinBrazilandAustralia.TherehavebeenheatwavesinEuropewhichkilledthousands.Therehavebeenmorepowerfulhurricanesandtornadoesthaneverbefore.In2017alone,thefinancialcostfromglobalweathereventswasupto340billiondollars.(在过去的几年里，暴雨在世界许多地方导致了洪水。巴西和澳大利亚也发生了干旱。欧洲的热浪造成数千人死亡。飓风和龙卷风的威力比以往任何时候都大。仅在2017年，全球天气事件造成的经济损失就高达3400亿美元)”可知，文章第二段列举了很多最近恶劣天气事件的例子。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thismeanswe’relikelytoseemorewildweather.“Butwedon’thavetojuststandthereandacceptit,”saysscientistMichael.HeandotherexpertssayweneedtostoptheEarthfromgettingwarmer.Wealsoneedtobeprepared,todothingsthatwillhelpsavelives.(这意味着我们可能会看到更多的恶劣天气。“但我们不必只是站在那里接受它，”科学家迈克尔说。他和其他专家表示，我们需要阻止地球变暖。我们还需要做好准备，做一些有助于拯救生命的事情)”可知，迈克尔的话表明，全球变暖对气候有影响，如果人们阻止全球变暖，天气会更好。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Theweatherisalwayschanging.(天气总是在变化)”及第三段“Withmorewildweathereventshappening,peoplecouldn’thelpaskingquestions:Whatishappeningwiththeweather?Andwhy?Isthisnatural,orourfault?Theanswerseemstobe:alittleofboth.(随着越来越多的恶劣天气事件的发生，人们不禁要问：天气怎么了？为什么？这是自然的，还是我们的错？答案似乎是:两者兼而有之)”可知，本文介绍了恶劣天气事件的增多及背后的原因及我们应该如何对待这一现象，文章应该出自自然杂志。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Today’sworkersaresufferingfromaburnout.Thedangerofthisisthatburnoutislinkedtounderperformanceandfeelingsofhopelessness.Wouldyouknowhowtofightburnout?____16____Findoutthecause.____17____Thinkbackalittleandfindoutwhenthesefeelingsdeveloped.Theaddedworkloadcancauseearlyworkdaysandlateworknights,whichcouldleaveyoutired.Tofightburnout,youmayhavetogetridofanythingthatweighsyoudown.Remember,thelessyouhaveonyourplate,thebetteryoumayfeel.Separateworkfromhomelife.Whenyoustopworkingattheendoftheday,leaveyour“officehat”intheoffice.Andwhilewe’retalkingaboutbalanceandrelaxation,makesureyouschedulerealdaysofffromwork.Noworkemails,noworktextmessages,andnowokphonecalls—adaydevotedentirelytoyou,yourfamilyandrest.Setrealisticgoals.Maybeyouhaveshorttermandlongtermgoalsforyourlife.Goalsareanexcellentmotivator.____18____Youmayfeelthatacceptingeveryadditionalassignmentatworkwillhelpyouachieveyourgoalfaster.However,thereisonlyoneofyouandifyoudon’tpaceyourself,youmaycrashbeforereachingthefinishingline.____19____Thebestsolutiontoburnoutisseekingoutrichinterpersonalmunications,andcontinualpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Findcoachesandmentorswhocanhelpyouidentifypositiverelationshipsandlearningopportunities.Takeshortbreaksduringtheday.Whenyou’reworkingthroughouttheday,scheduleshort10minutebreakseveryhouroreveryhourandahalf.____20____Tenminutesmaynotseemlikealot,butthisrefreshercouldbethethingthatkeepyousane.A.Seekoutsocialconnections.B.Socialsupportcanbebeneficial.C.Maybetheproblemisnotyourjobitself,butratheraspecifictaskorproject.D.ButIfyoureachtoohightoofast,burnoutisunavoidable.E.Closeyoureyesforafewminutes,leaveyourputer,grabsomethingdrink,orsimplysitinyourquietofficeandclearyourmind.F.Herearesomemethodsyoucanfollowtosolvetheproblem.G.Ifyouareoverwhelmedwithwork,youprobablydon’thavealotoftimetosleep【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了几种对待工作倦怠的方式。【16题详解】根据前文“Wouldyouknowhowtofightburnout?(你知道如何对抗倦怠吗？)”及下文的建议可知，F选项“这里有一些你可以遵循的方法来解决这个问题”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】本段建议“找到原因”，后文“Thinkbackalittleandfindoutwhenthesefeelingsdeveloped.(回想一下，找出这些感觉是什么时候产生的)”表明应该找到原因，C选项“也许问题不在于你的工作本身，而在于具体的任务或项目”表明具体的任务或者项目会导致倦怠，为找到原因的具体方案。故选C。【18题详解】本段建议“设置现实的目标”，前文“Goalsareanexcellentmotivator.(目标是一个很好的动力)”描述目标的重要性，D选项“但如果你的目标太高太快，倦怠是不可避免的”表示设定目标要合理，与小标题和后文具体的例子语境相符。故选D。【19题详解】空处为小标题，根据后文“Thebestsolutiontoburnoutisseekingoutrichinterpersonalmunications,andcontinualpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.(解决倦怠的最佳方法是寻求丰富的人际交往，以及持续的个人和职业发展)”表示应寻求人际关系的帮助，A选项“寻找社会关系”符合主旨。故选A。【20题详解】前文“Whenyou’reworkingthroughouttheday,scheduleshort10minutebreakseveryhouroreveryhourandahalf.(当你一整天都在工作时，每一小时或每一个半小时安排10分钟的短暂休息)”表示应短暂休息，E选项“闭上眼睛几分钟，离开电脑，喝点东西，或者只是坐在安静的办公室里，清空你的大脑”为休息方式的具体建议，符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）MountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰),locatedinAsia,isthehighestmountainintheworld.ManyclimbershavetriedtoclimbtothetopofMountEverest’sabout29,028footpeakandabout900peoplehave____21____theclimbtoMountEverest’ssummit.OneofthemostsuccessfulclimbersisErikWeihenmayerbecauseofhis____22____.ErikWeihenmayerwas____23____aneyedisorder.Asachildhiseyesightbecame____24____andthenhelosthissighteventually.However,hedidnotlosehis____25____toleadafullandactivelife.Erikbeganclimbingwhenhewas16.Havingclimbedthetallestmountainsonfivecontinents,ErikbecamethefirstblindpersontoreachthepeakofMountEverest.____26____theageof32,Erikbeganhisclimbaspartofateam.Histeamworebellsthathecouldfollowduringhisclimb,andfellowclimberscouldquicklywarnhimofsuchthingsasabigdropontherightorabigstonetotheleft.Erik____27____hisownmethodforclimbingmountains.Healsocarriestwolongclimbingpolestofeelhisway____28____him.Erikisagoodteammember.Hedoeshis____29____ofthejob,suchassettinguptentsandbuildingsnowwalls.Duringhisclimb,Erikfacedmanydangers.He_____30_____through100m.p.hwindsandslidingmassesofsnow,iceandrock.BecausetheairbecamethinnerthehigherErikclimbed,heworeanoxygen_____31_____thathelpedhimbreatheasheclimbedhigher.IttookErikabouttwoandahalfmonthstoreachthetopofthemountain.Althoughhecouldn’t_____32_____theview,Erikfeltthe_____33_____ofbeingonthesummitofEverest.Hehopesthathissuccesswillchange_____34_____peoplethinkabouttheblind.“Whenpeoplethinkaboutablindperson,nowtheywillthinkaboutapersonstandingontopofthe_____35_____.”21.A.attempted B.survived C.observed D.created22.A.blindness B.skin C.emotion D.anxiety23.A.bornwith B.fedupwith C.awareof D.interestedin24.A.more B.less C.better D.worse25.A.solution B.determination C.harmony D.pressure26.A.On B.In C.At D.With27.A.discovered B.donated C.invented D.booked28.A.aheadof B.awayfrom C.inthemiddleof D.behind29.A.work B.share C.experiment D.project30.A.appeared B.walked C.struggled D.crawled31.A.scarf B.mask C.gloves D.cap32.A.celebrate B.advance C.inspire D.admire33.A.disappointment B.happiness C.excitement D.anger34.A.how B.what C.why D.where35A.shoulder B.world C.bridge D.people【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.D25.B26.C27.C28.A29.B30.C31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了盲人ErikWeihenmayer成功登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多登山者试图登上珠穆朗玛峰约29028英尺顶峰，约有900人在攀登珠穆朗玛峰的过程中幸存下来。A.attempted尝试，努力；B.survived幸存；C.observed观察；D.created创造。根据句中的“ManyclimbershavetriedtoclimbtothetopofMountEverest’s