尚志中学2022-2023学年度上学期第二次月考英语试题

尚志中学2022-2023学年度上学期第二次月考

高三学年英语学科试题

第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Haveyoueverexperiencedanyinconveniencecausedbylanguagebarrierswhiletraveling?Haveyouever

thoughthowawesomethoselanguagecourseswouldbeiftheydidn'tcostsomuchmoneyandrequiresomuchtime?

Translatyiscreatedtoservethispurpose-withoutwastingyourmoneyandlimeonlanguagecourses,youcan

instantlybecome"fluent**inmorethan40languageswiththisgeniusdevice!

WhatisTranslaty?

Translatyisasimpleyetlife-changinginventionthathelpsyoutoovercomeanyobstaclescausedbyforeign

languages,whetheryouareinbusinesswithaninternationalclientorsunbathingsomewhereonaSpanishbeach.

Thissmallbutsmartdeviceisabletoinstantlyrecognizeandtranslateover40differentlanguages,making

interculturalcommunicationcompletelyeffortless!

WhatlanguagescanIactuallycommunicatein?

Translatyhasmorethan40languagespre-installed,soyou'reabletouseittheminuteyougetit!Itprovidesfast

andaccuratetwo-waycommunicationandallowsyoutoinstallsomeotherlanguagesthatmightbemissing.

WhatmakesTranslatysospecial?

*Itmakestravelingeasier-you11!forgetlanguagebarriersandbecome''fluent1'in40+languages.

*Ithelpsyouwithbusiness-strengtheningyourinternationalbusinessrelationships.It'seasierwhenyouspeak

thesamelanguage.

*Itassistsyouindailylife-allowingyoutoovercomelanguagedifferencesbetweenyouandyourforeign

friends.

*Il'sconvenientandeasytouse-thelightweightandsimpledesigninsuresit'stherewhenyouneeditthemost.

*Itoffershighlyaccurate,two-waytranslations.

*Itshighsoundingandrecordingqualitiesinsuretherearealmostnomisunderstandings.

Tosumup-getitwhileyoucan!

1.WhatcanTranslatyhelpusersdo?

A.Learnforeignlanguageswell.B.Betterunderstandforeigners.

C.Buildrelationshipswithcolleagues.D.Spendlesstimelearningalanguage.

2.WhatisspecialaboutTranslaty?

A.It'sreliable.B.It*sstrong.C.It'saffordable.D.It'ssecure.

3.What*sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toreport.B.Tointroduce.C.Toappeal.D.Toadvertise.

【答案】LB2.A3.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一款翻译设备，通过它，用户可以立即流利地使用40多种语言。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段uTranslatyisasimpleyetlife-changinginventionthathelpsyoutoovercomeany

obstaclescausedbyforeignlanguages,whetheryou'reinabusinessmeetingwithaninternationalclientor

sunbathingsomewhereonaSpanishbeach.（Translatey是一个简单但改变生活的发明，它帮助你克服任何由外

语造成的障碍，无论你是在与国际客户的商务会议上，还是在西班牙海滩的某个地方日光浴。）”可知，它

可以帮助用户更好地理解外国人。故选B项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分“WhatmakesTranslalysospecial?（是什么让Translaly如此特别？）”中

的“Itshighsoundingandrecordingqualitiesinsuretherearealmostnomisunderstandings.（它的高音和录音质量

确保几乎没有误解。）”可知，它的特别之处是十分可靠（reliable）o故选A项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，并根据文章第二段“Translalyiscreatedtoservethispurpose-withoutwastingyourmoney

andtimeonlanguagecourses,youcaninstantlybecome''fluent"inmorethan40languageswiththisgeniusdevice!

（Translaty就是为了这个目的而创建的，在不浪费你的金钱和时间在语言课程的基础上，使用这款设备，

您可以立即“流利”地使用40多种语言！）”可知，这篇课文的目的是做广告。故选D项。

Bornintopovertyon21May1799,MaryAnninghadtoworkhardfromayoungage.Herparentshad10

children,ofwhomonlytwosurvivedchildhood---MaryandherelderbrotherJoseph.Mary'sownsurvivalwassaid

byherparentstobeawonder.Attheageof15months,asuddenrainstormhittheshelter,whereMary,herbabysitter,

andtwochildrenstayed.AlightningstrikekilledthemallexceptMary.

Shedidn'thaveformaleducationandwasonlytaughttoreadataSundayschool.Raisedintheseasideholiday

villageofLymeRegisinDorset,MaryandJosephmadealivingbysellingfossilstoholidaymakersattheirfather's

waterfrontbooth.

Herlifechangedin1811whenJosephnoticedbonesmixedtogetherwithrock.Unknowntothem,thiswasthe

firsteverdiscoveryofanichthyosaurus（鱼龙）,amarinelizardfromtheTriassicperiod.Anningnoteddownevery

findshemade,andafterfailingtofindanynewfossilsforoverayear,in1821shemadehernextdiscovery,digging

upthreemoreichthyosaurskeletons.Thiswasfollowedtwoyearslaterbyanevenmoreimpressivefind--a

completeplesiosaur（蛇颈龙）.Thiswassoextraordinarythatmanyleadingscientistsdeclareditacounterfeit,

unwillingtobelievethatanuneducated24-year-oldcouldfindsuchremarkableremains.Additionally,societyatthe

timewashighlyreligiousandmanyrejectedthesediscoveriesastheyconflictedwiththeteachingsoftheBible.

Despitethesetback,Anningcontinuedtomakemoreshockingrevelations.Anningalsodugupfossilizedshit,

whichmadeexpertsknowthedietsofprehistoriccreatures.Butherbiggestfindofallwasthefirstcompleteskeleton

ofapterosaurin1828.

AllofMaryArming'sdiscoverieshelpedinfluencethestudyofpaleontology（古生物学）asscientistsbeganto

takeanincreasedinterestinfossilizedanimalsandplants.Herworkalsoencouragedpeopletoquestionthehistoryof

theEarthinmoredetailandencouragedgirlsandthosefrompoorbackgroundsbyprovingthattheycouldsucceedin

scientificstudy,aprofessionmainlycontrolledbywealthyupper-classmen.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaryAnningfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itwasnoteasyforhertosurvive.

B.Shedidn'texperiencethelightningstrike.

C.Shedidn'tgetbasicknowledgeaboutscience.

D.Itwasimpossibleforhertofindajoboutside.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterfeit“inParagraph3mean?

A.Somethingnotneeded.

B.Somethingnotvaluable.

C.Somethingnotauthentic.

D.Somethingnotbeneficial.

6.Arming'sfindingsoffossilizedshithelped.

A.hergetinternationalfame

B.makeherbecomemoreprofessional

C.expertsbetterunderstandprehistoriccreatures

D.convincetheleadingscientistsofherdiscovery

7.Thelastparagraphmainlywantstoshow.

A.theprocessofherfindings

B.thesignificanceofherdiscoveries

C.thediscoveriesoffossilizedanimals

D.thebackgroundofherscientificstudy

【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要介绍了MaryAnning在海滩上发现了远古海洋生物化石，并在科

学界产生巨大影响的故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。通读一、二段，尤其根据第一段"Herparentshad10children,ofwhomonlytwosurvivedchildhood

---MaryandherelderbrotherJoseph.Mary'sownsurvivalwassaidbyherparentstobeawonder.（她的父母有

10个孩子，其中只有两个活了下来一一Mary和她的哥哥Joseph。Mary的父母说她能活下来真是个奇迹。）”

中的wonder可知，Mary能活下来不容易。故选A项。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据后文aunwillingtobelievethatanuneducated24-year-oldcouldfindsuchremarkableremains.

Additionally,societyalthetimewashighlyreligiousandmanyrejectedthesediscoveriesastheyconflictedwiththe

teachingsoftheBible.（不愿相信一个24岁的未受过教育的人能找到如此不同寻常的遗骸。此外，当时的社

会是高度宗教化的，许多人拒绝接受这些发现，因为它们与圣经的教义相冲突。）”中的unwillingtobelieve以

及conflictedwiththeteachingsoftheBible可推知，当时比较出名的科学家认为她发现的不是真的（not

authentic）0故选C项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段"Anningalsodugupfossilizedshit,whichmadeexpertsknowIhedietsofprehistoric

creatures.（Anning还挖出了粪便化石，这使专家们了解了史前生物的食谱。）”可知，研究粪便帮助专家们

更好的了解这种生物。故选C项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"AllofMaryAnning'sdiscoverieshelpedinfluencethestudyofpaleontology（古生

物学）asscientistsbegantotakeanincreasedinterestinfossilizedanimalsandplants.Herworkalsoencouraged

peopletoquestionthehistoryoftheEarthinmoredetailandencouragedgirlsandthosefrompoorbackgroundsby

provingthattheycouldsucceedinscientificstudy,aprofessionmainlycontrolledbywealthyupper-classmen.（Mary

Anning的所有发现都有助于影响古生物学的研究，因为科学家们开始对动植物化石越来越感兴趣。她的工

作也鼓励人们更详细地质疑地球的历史，并鼓励女孩和那些来自贫穷的背景，通过证明她们可以在科学研

究中取得成功，一个主要由富有的上层阶级男子控制的职业。）”中的helped及encouraged可知，最后一段

主要想告诉我们MaryAnning的发现的重要意义。故选B项。

C

Humansarenottheonlyonesthatlikegold.Australianscientistshavediscoveredanewfungus（真菌）that

decoratesitslong,thread-liketendrils（卷须）withgoldcollectedfromthesoil.Theexpertsdesperatelyhopethe

“golddigger"willprovideinformationonthelocationsofgolddepositsandmakesearchingforthepreciousmetal

easier,andmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.

Thegold-lovingfunguswasdiscoveredaccidentallybyateamofresearchersledbyDr.TsingBohu,ascientist

atAustralianationalscienceagency,CSIRO,whentheywereexaminingthemicrobes（微生物）inthesoilat

Boddington,atinytownhometoAustralia'slargestgoldmine.

Acloseranalysissuggestedthatthefungususeschemicalinteractionswithundergroundmineralstoaccumulate

goldfromitssuiTOundings.Thoughfungiofteninteractwithotherthingsinnature,thereactionwithgoldwas

unexpected.—Fungiarewell-knownforplayinganimportantroleintherecyclingoforganicmaterial,suchas

leavesandbark,aswellasforthecyclingofothermetals,MDr.Bohuexplained.—Butgoldissochemically

inactivethatthisinteractionisbothunusualandsurprising.”

Thefungiarenotwearingthegoldforbeauty.—Thereisabiologicalbenefitfromthisreaction.Dr.Bohu

said,—Gold-lovingfungicangrowfasterandbiggerrelativetootherfungithatdon'tworkwithgold.”

Theresearchersstillneedtoconductfurtheranalysistounderstandtherelationshipbetweenthefungiandthe

preciousmetal.Moreimportantly,theyneedtodetermineifitspresenceisasuresignoftheexistenceoflarge

depositsofthemetalunderground.Thescientistsalsobelievethefungicouldbeusedtodetectthepresenceofgoldin

wasteproductsandman-madeelectronics.

However,thosehopingtogetfreegoldfromthefungiareinforadisappointment,forthedelicatefungusishard

tosee.Also,itsgoldcanonlybeseenunderamicroscope.

8.Whatdotheexpertshopefor?

A.Investigatingthesites.B.Excavatingthegoldmines.

C.Gettingfurtherinformed.D.Unearthinggolddeposits.

9WhatcouldbelearnedaccordingtoDr.Bohu?

A.Fungi'sinteractionwithgoldisunexpectedbutbeneficial.

B.Gold'sclassificationisbiologicallyidentifiedbyfungi.

C.Fungi'sformationwithgoldisfairlynaturalandfrequent.

D.Goldischemicallyaccumulatedbyfungi'sevolution.

10.Howdoestheauthorfindthefinding?

A.Itexcitesthegolddiggers'motivation.

B.Ithasalongwaytogobeforeconfirmation.

C.Itlaysthefoundationofgeologicalstudies.

D.Itensuresthesearchofgoldsites.

11.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Beauty-lovingFungiWrappedbyGold

B.Gold-lovingFungiDiscoveredinAustralia

C.Boddington,Austria'sLargestGoldMine

D.NewDiscoveryofGoldwithFungi

【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家发现了“喜欢”金子的真菌。本文介绍了其发现经过、生物习性及相应

的科学展望。

【8题详解】

细节理国军题。根据第——段中的“Theexpertsdesperatelyhopethe"golddiggefVillprovideinformationonthe

locationsofgolddepositsandmakesearchingforthepreciousmetaleasier,andmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.w可

知I,专家们迫切希望“淘金者”能提供金矿的位置信息，使寻找这种贵金属变得更容易，更环保。由此可

知，专家们希望获得更多关于携带金子的真菌的信息。故选Co

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thoughfungiofteninteractwithotherthingsinnature,thereactionwithgoldwas

unexpected4虽然真菌经常与自然界中的其他事物相互作用，但与黄金的反应却是出乎意料的）”及Dr.Bohu

说的话“Butgoldissochemicallyinactivethatthisinteractionisbothunusualandsurprising.（但是黄金的化学反

应并不活跃，两者间的相互作用既不寻常又令人惊讶）”，再根据第四段中的"Thereisabiologicalbenefitfrom

thisreaction.^^Dr.Bohusaid,“Gold-lovingfungicangrowfasterandbiggerrelativetootherfiingithatdon'twork

withgold."（“这种反应有生物学上的好处JDr.Bohu说，“与其他不能与黄金共生的真菌相比，喜欢黄金的

真菌可以生长得更快、更大。“）”可知，Dr.Bohu认为真菌与黄金的相互作用出人意料，但却是有益的。

故选Ao

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段中“Theresearchersstillneedtoconductfurtheranalysistounderstandtherelationship

betweenthefungiandthepreciousmetal.Moreimportantly,theyneedtodetermineifitspresenceisasuresignofthe

existenceoflargedepositsofthemetalunderground.（研究人员仍然需要进行进一步的分析，以了解真菌和贵金

属之间的关系。更重要的是，他们需要确定它的存在是否是地下存在大量金属矿床的确切迹象）”以及最后

一段uHowever,thosehopingtogetfreegoldfromthefungiareinforadisappointment,forthedelicatefungusis

hardtosee.（然而，那些希望从真菌中获得免费黄金的人注定要失望了，因为这种脆弱的真菌很难看到）”可

推知，作者认为此发现尚需做深入的研究。故选Bo

[11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Humansarenottheonlyonesthatlikegold.Australianscientistshavediscovereda

newfungus（真菌）thatdecoratesitslong,thread-liketendrils（卷须）withgoldcollectedfromthesoil.（并不是只有

人类喜欢黄金。澳大利亚科学家发现了一种新的真菌，它可以用从土壤中收集的黄金装饰其长长的、线状

的卷须）”以及后文都是对该喜金真菌的描述，包括发现方式、发现分析及对其的科学展望等可知，标题核

心词为gold-lovingfungi（喜金真菌）；由此可知，选项B切题。故选B。

D

WhatdoIkeafounderIngvarKamprad,SirRichardBranson,BillionaireinvestorCharlesSchwab,WaltDisney,

andHenryFordhaveincommon?Allareorweresuccessfulentrepreneurswithdyslexia-alearningdisorderthat

makesitverydifficulttoread,write,andspell.Peoplewithdyslexiahavetroubleconnectingtheletterstheyseetothe

soundstheymakeandasaresult,oftenstruggleinschool.

Butintherealworld,theymakegreatachievements.They'rebehindsomeofthemostsuccessfulcompanieson

Earth.

RichardBransonisoneofthegreatestentrepreneursofourtime.Hecreatednumerousbusinessesunderthe

Virginumbrellaandhasanetworthof$5billion.BransononceadmittedthatVirginwhichnowemploys90,000

peoplewouldnothavebeensuccessfulhadhenotbeendyslexic.Bransonhadahardtimekeepingupwithhispeers

becauseofhisdyslexiaanddroppedoutattheageof16.Yethetransformedhisweaknessintoanadvantage.He

understoodtheimportanceofcommunicatingwell.Andhisdyslexiaalsoforcedhimtodelegatetaskstothosewho

excelledintheareaswherehewasweak.

Researchhasfoundpeoplewithdyslexiaaremorelikelytodelegateauthorityandalsotwiceaslikelytoown

twoormorebusinesses.AstudyoutofCassBusinessSchoolinLondonfoundmorethanathirdofAmerican

entrepreneurssurveyedshowedsignsofdyslexia.AnothercommissionedbytheBBCfound40%ofthatcountry's

self-mademillionairesshowedsomesignsofthelearningdisability.Thafssignificantlyhigherthantheestimated5%

to10%ofthegeneralpopulationwithsomedegreeofdyslexia.

Thequestionis:Aretheirentrepreneurialstrengthsaresultofnatureornurture?Adyslexiaexpertbelievesthey

arenaturallybetteratcertainthings,likepickingupsocialcues.InanarticleinTheSacramentoBeeaboutCalifornia

governorGavinNewsomwhohasdyslexia,Dr.MariluGorno-TempiniofUCSanFranciscosaid,"Hecan

understandwhatpeopleneedandtheiremotionsmorethanothers.Idon'tthinkthat'sacompensation.Ithinkthat's

thesuperpowerofhisdyslexicbrain.^^SheandotherscientistsatUCSanFranciscorecentlydiscoveredchildrenwith

thedisorderhadgreaterchangesinheartrateandfacialbehaviorwhentheyviewedvideoclipsofothersexperiencing

emotionscomparedtochildrenwithoutdyslexia.

EleanorFalser,oneoftheresearcherswhoconductedthestudy,concludedtoNewsthink,uThistellsusthat

dyslexiamightbeassociatedwithbiologicaldifferencesinempathy（移情）…”

12.WhyaresomefamouspeoplementionedinParagraph1?

A.Todemonstratetheirproblems.

B.Toadvertisetheirproducts.

C.Toshowtheirachievements.

D.Tointroducethetopic.

13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRichardBransoninParagraph3?

A.Henevergaveupstudyingduringadolescence.

B.Dyslexiapreventedhimfrombeingmoresuccessful.

C.Heworkedhardtoimprovehiscommunicationskills.

D.Dyslexiadrovehimtoappointpeopletosuitableposts.

14.WhichofthefollowingdoesDr.MariluGorno-Tempiniprobablyagreewith?

A.Dyslexiamightbeassociatedwithbiologicaldifferencesinempathy.

B.Gavin'sabilitytounderstandothers,emotionscompensatesforhisdisability.

C.Childrenwithdyslexiaunderwentmorephysicalchangeswhenwatchingvideos.

D.Thosewhohavedyslexiadeveloptheirabilitytoreadothers5emotionsbynurture.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HowPeopleWithDyslexiaSucceedinlife.

B.HowSuccessfulEntrepreneursOvercomeDyslexia.

C.WhyPeopleWithDyslexiaAreExtremelyEmpathetic.

D.WhySoManySuccessfulEntrepreneursHaveDyslexia.

【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过介绍患有诵读困难症的成功企业家来讲诵读障碍和创业优势之间的

关系。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段的“Allareorweresuccessfulentrepreneurswithdyslexia-alearningdisorderthat

makesitverydifficulttoread,write,andspell."（他们都是或曾经是患有诵读困难症的成功企业家。诵读困难

症是一种学习障碍，使人很难读、写和拼写。）可知，第一段提到一些患有诵读困难症的名人的目的是引出

诵读障碍这个话题，故选D。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Andhisdyslexiaalsoforcedhimtodelegatetaskstothosewhoexcelledintheareas

wherehewasweak."（他的诵读困难症也迫使他把任务分派给那些在他的弱项上表现出色的人。）可知，阅

读障碍迫使RichardBranson给人任命合适的职位，故选D«

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Dr.MariluGoi-no-TempiniofUCSanFranciscosaid,“Hecanunderstandwhat

peopleneedandtheiremotionsmorethanothers.Idon'tthinkthafsacompensation.Ithinkthat'sthesuperpower

ofhisdyslexicbrain.""（加州大学旧金山分校的MariluGomoTempini博士说:“他能比别人更了解人们的需

求和情感。我不认为这是一种补偿。我认为这是他诵读困难大脑的超级力量。”）和最后一段的“EleanorPalser,

oneoftheresearcherswhoconductedthestudy,concludedtoNewsthink,ctThistellsusthatdyslexiamightbe

associatedwithbiologicaldifferencesinempathy（移情）（进行这项研究的研究人员之一埃莉诺•帕尔瑟

（EleanorPalser）向Newsthink杂志总结道：“这告诉我们，阅读障碍可能与移情能力的生物学差异有关……”）

可知，MariluGornoTempini博士认为患有诵读困难症的人能比别人更了解人们的需求和情感，且Marilu

Gorno-Tempini博士和EleanorPalser是一个研究团队，因此MariluGorno-Tempini博士可能会同意诵读困难

症可能与移情方面的生物差异有关。故选A。

35题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Peoplewithdyslexiahavetroubleconnectingtheletterstheyseetothe

soundstheymakeandasaresult,oftenstruggleinschool.”（患有诵读困难症的人很难将他们看到的字母与他们

发出的声音联系起来，因此，他们在学校里经常会遇到困难。）和第二段的"Butintherealworld,theymake

greatachievements."（但在现实世界中，他们取得了伟大的成就。）及第四段的“Researchhasfoundpeoplewith

dyslexiaaremorelikelytodelegateauthorityandalsotwiceaslikelytoowntwoormorebusinesses.,,（研究发现，

患有诵读困难症的人更容易下放权力，拥有两家或更多企业的可能性是其他人的两倍。）可知，本文主要通

过介绍患有诵读困难症的成功企业家来讲诵读障碍和创业优势之间的关系，因此最好的题目是D选项“Why

SoManySuccessfulEntrepreneursHaveDyslexia.（为什么那么多成功的企业家都有阅读障碍。）”，故选D。

第二节（共5小题;每题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

TheMysteriesofTheMaya

ExtendingsouthfrompartsknownasMexicointoCentralAmerica,16.TheMayabuiltimpressive

palacesandtemplesandsteppyramids.Howweretheybuiltwithouttheuseofwheels,metaltoolsorevenanimal

power?17TheyappliedthisunderstandingtotheMayacalendar,whichwasaccuratetowithin30seconds

peryear.

ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleand

mysterious.18By700AD,Mayacivilizationwasatitspeak.Yet,withinjustacoupleofgenerations,it

begantomysteriouslydecline.Thecitieswerelefttobetakenbackbythejungle.

WhyMayacivilizationcollapsedremainsamystery.Adeadlydisease?Conflictsbetweencities?19

Theyhadturnedwetlandsintofieldsfbrgrowinggrains,andhaddughugecanalsystems.Astheirpopulation

expanded,yetmorelandwasneededforagricultureandmoretreesforconstruction.Bychangingthelandscapein

thisway,theMayapeopleunknowinglyreducedtheirabilitytodealwithnaturaldisasters.

20Somerecentstudieshavefoundthattherewerefarfewertropicalcyclones（热带气旋）thanusual

between700ADand1000AD,whichislikelytohaveledtoaseriesofdroughts.Thesedroughtswouldhaveledto

foodshortages,conflictsandultimately,thedownfallofthecities.

Whateverthereasons,Mayacivilizationlargelydisappearedwithinthedeepjungle.Itsonce-greatcitiesfellinto

ruin,leavingvariousmysteriesfbrlaterpeopletosolve.

A.TheMayacivilizationleavesusthinkingaboutthepast,presentandfuture.

B.ButthegreatestmysteryiswhatcausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.

C.ThecomplicatedwritingsystemoftheMayahasn'tbeeninterpretedcompletelybynow.

D.ResearchalsosuggeststhosenaturaldisastersmayhaveledtothedeclineoftheMaya.

E.MayaCivilizationhasbeensurroundedbymysterysinceitsrediscovery.

F.SomeresearchindicatesthattheMayapeoplethemselvesmayhaveplayedapartintheirdownfall.

G.TheMaya'sunderstandingofmathematicsandastronomywasalsoquiteamazing.

【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.F20.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神秘的玛雅文化，包括其兴起及灭亡。

【16题详解】

前文ExtendingsouthfrompartsknownasMexicointoCentralAmerica（从墨西哥一直向南延伸到中美洲）"作

为状语可推知，主句主语应该是玛雅。E项“自从重新发现玛雅文明以来，它一直被神秘所包围中主

语MayaCivilization符合题意，与题目TheMysteriesofTheMaya相呼应。故选E项。

【17题详解】

后文**TheyappliedthisunderstandingtotheMayacalendar,whichwasaccuratetowithin30secondsperyear.（他

们将这种理解应用到玛雅历法中，每年精确到30秒）”中的thisunderstanding可知，划线处应出现了

understanding,G项“玛雅人对数学和天文学的理解也相当惊人。”与后文叙述一致，符合题意。故选G项。

【18题详解】

前文“ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsalllhemoreincredibleand

mysterious.（玛雅社会在技术上是原始的，这一事实使其成就更加不可思议和神秘）”提到了玛雅社会的不可

思议和神秘。B项“但是最大的谜团是什么导致玛雅人放弃了他们大部分的伟大城市」进一步说明最大的

谜团，前后逻辑一致，B项符合题意。故选B项。

【19题详解】

前文”WhyMayacivilizationcollapsedremainsamystery.Adeadlydisease?Conflictsbetweencities?（为什么玛雅

文明崩溃仍然是一个谜。一种致命的疾病？城市之间的冲突？）”提出了人们对于玛雅文明崩溃的猜测，F

项“一些研究表明，玛雅人自己可能对他们的毁灭起了一定的作用。”则提出了“玛雅人自己对自己的毁灭

起的作用"，并且与后文“Theyhadturnedwetlandsintofieldsforgrowinggrains,andhaddughugecanal

systems.（他们把湿地变成了种植谷物的田地，还开挖了巨大的运河系统）”中they叙述一致。故选F项。

【20题详解】

根据后文“Somerecentstudieshavefoundthattherewerefarfewertropicalcyclones（热带气旋）thanusual

between700ADand1000AD,whichislikelytohaveledtoaseriesofdroughts.Thesedroughtswouldhaveledto

foodshortages,conflictsandultimately,thedownfallofthecities.（最近的一些研究发现，在公元700年到公元

1000年之间，热带气旋比往常少得多，这可能导致了一系列干旱。这些干旱将导致粮食短缺、冲突，并最

终导致城市的衰落）”则继续介绍自然灾害对于玛雅文化崩溃的重要作用。D项“研究还表明，这些自然灾

害可能导致了玛雅文明的衰落。”中的thosenaturaldisasters与前文"Bychangingthelandscapeinthisway,the

Mayapeopleunknowinglyreducedtheirabilitytodealwithnaturaldisasters.（通过这种方式改变地貌，玛雅人在

不知不觉中降低了他们应对自然灾害的能力）”中的naturaldisasters语义一致，逻辑合理，符合题意。故选

D项。

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节：完形填空（共20小题;每题分，满分30分）

Fromthewindowofmyroom,Icouldseeatallcotton-rosehibiscus（木槿）.Inspringwhengreenleaveswere

half21bymist,thetreelookedverycharmingdottedwithredflowers.This22neighboroftenset

mymindworking.Igraduallyregardeditasmybestfriend.

23、whenIopenedthewindowonemorning,tomy24thetreewasalmostbare

beyond25asaresultofthestormthenightbefore.Struckbythisscene,Iwas26withasudden

sadnessatthethought“alltheflowersaredoomedtofall”.Icouldnothelp27withemotion:

the28oflifeneverrunssmooth,fortherearesomanyupsanddowns,twistsandturns.Thevicissitudes（变

迁）ofmylifesawmybelovedfriends29oneafteranother.Isn'titsimilartothetreewhoseflowersfellin

the30?

Thisevent31frommymemoryastimewentby.OnedayafterIcamehomefromthecountryside,I

foundtheroomairlessand32openedthewindow.Somethingoutside33myeye.Itwasaplum（梅

子）treeallredwithflowersbeautifullysetoffbythesunset.Thesurprisediscoverystruckmewith34

Whenthelastpetal（花瓣）dropped,allthejoyfuladmirationforthehibiscuswasgoneasifnothingwas

left,35thelandscapewasagaincharmingwiththeredflowersto36peopleoflifb's

alternation（替代）andcontinuance.Can'titbesaidthatlifeisactuallyasymphony,a37compositionofgain

andloss?

Standingbythewindowlostinthoughtforalongtime,Irealizednosceneryintheworldremains38

Aslongasyoukeepyourheart39inthesun,everydawnwi1140afineprospectandtheworldwill

alwaysbeaboutnewhopes.

21.A.revealedB.hiddenC.exposedD.shown

22.A.interestingB.amusingC.changingD.inspiring

23.A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Consequently

24.A.annoyanceB.delightC.reliefD.surprise

25.A.praiseB.descriptionC.recognitionD.comparison

26.A.associatedB.decoratedC.linkedD.seized

27.A.laughingB.sighingC.cryingD.praying

28.A.courseB.qualityC.standardD.aim

29.A.gatheringB.greetingC.partingD.fleeing

30.A.windB.sunC.shadeD.light

31.A.turnedawayB.fadedawayC.gotaway