安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThreeBooksforAMoreHonestViewofParentNowadays,itseemstherearetwowaystowriteaboutparenthood.Iamheartilysickofboth.ThisyearI’vedecidedtohugbooksthatareinspiringandhonest,yetdonotavoidthepleasuresofparenthood.LifeAmongtheSavagesShirleyJacksonprice:$15ShirleyJackson,authorofoneofthemostamazinglysinisternovelsofalltimeandoftheshortstoryTheLottery,alsowrotetwocharmingnovelsaboutraisingherfourchildreninanoldfarmhouseinruralVermont.InLifeAmongtheSavages,Jackson’shumorisasthrillingasherhorror,andherchildrenseemnevertoinspireinheranythingworsethanafondexasperation(恼怒).ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYouAmyBloomprice:$13.95ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYoucontainsoneofthemostabsoluteexpressionsofamother’sloveinfiction.Muchofittakesplaceinthewaitingroomofagender-reassignmentsurgeon.It’saboutawomanwhoisdeterminedtobethemotherthatherchildneedshertobe.Inthiscollectionordinarywomenrisetotheoccasiondemandedbymotherhood.Theymakemistakesbuttheygenerallysucceedinmakingupforthem.FamilyManCalvinTrillinprice:$18Inhismemoir(回忆录)FamilyMan,CalvinTrillinwriteswithhumorabouthiswifeanddaughters.HegiveswhatIthinkisthesinglemostusefulpieceofparentingadvice“Gettingadviceonthebestwaytobringupchildrenislikegettingadviceonthebestwaytobreathesoonerorlateryou’reprobablygoingtoforgetitandgobacktoyourregularoldin-and-out.”Trillingivestheimpressionofbeingthebestkindofhusband.1.Whichbooktellsastoryofraisingchildreninthecountryside?A.TheLottery. B.FamilyMan.C.LifeAmongtheSavages. D.ABlindManCanSeeHowMuchILoveYou.2.WhatisCalvinTrillin’sFamilyManallabout?A.Ahumorousmother. B.Anoperation.C.Offeringadvice. D.Beingakindhusband.3.Whatdothethreebookshaveincommon?A.Theyshareatheme. B.Theytargetthesameaudience.C.Theywerewrittenbythesameauthor. D.Theywerepublishedinthesameyear.〖答案〗1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三本关于父母之道的书籍。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据LifeAmongtheSavages部分中“ShirleyJackson,authorofoneofthemostamazinglysinisternovelsofalltimeandoftheshortstoryTheLottery,alsowrotetwocharmingnovelsaboutraisingherfourchildreninanoldfarmhouse:inruralVermont.(作为是有史以来最令人惊讶的邪恶小说之一和短篇小说《彩票》的作者，雪莉·杰克逊还写了两部迷人的小说，讲述了她在佛蒙特州乡下一所古老的农舍里抚养四个孩子的故事)”可知，LifeAmongtheSavages讲述了雪莉·杰克逊在乡下抚养孩子的故事。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据FamilyMan部分中“Inhismemoir(回忆录)FamilyMan ,CalvinTrillinwriteswithhumorabouthiswifeanddaughters.HegiveswhatIthinkisthesinglemostusefulpieceofparentingadvice“Gettingadviceonthebestwaytobringupchildrenislikegettingadviceonthebestwaytobreathesoonerorlateryou’reprobablygoingtoforgetitandgobacktoyourregularoldin-and-out.”(在他的回忆录《居家男人》中，卡尔文·特里林幽默地描写了他的妻子和女儿。他给出了我认为最有用的一条育儿建议：“获得关于养育孩子的最佳方法的建议，就像获得关于呼吸的最佳方法的建议一样，迟早你可能会忘记它，回到你的日常生活中去。”)”可知，卡尔文·特里林的FamilyMan提供了育儿建议。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。通读全文，结合第一段中“ThisyearI’vedecidedtohugbooksthatareinspiringandhonest,yetdonotavoidthepleasuresofparenthood.(今年，我决定选择那些既鼓舞人心又诚实的书，同时也不回避为人父母的乐趣)”和下文对书的介绍可知，这三本书虽然作者不同，但这三本书都以诚实和鼓舞人心的方式探索和呈现了为人父母的各个方面。每本书，无论是关于在乡下抚养孩子，是关于母亲坚定不移的爱，还是关于家庭生活的幽默思考，都以家人和亲人关系作为共同的主题。故选A项。BEverythingagirlnamedBellaneededforherlifetochangeforthebetterwasadog.ButCeorgeisunlikeotherdogs.He’saservicedogwhofillsBella’sdayswithjoyandlaughterandhelpsherregainherindependenceback.Bellawassufferingararemetabolic(新陈代谢的)disorder,whichleadstoshortneck,knockkneesandhipproblems.InBella’scase,herparentsweretoldthattheirdaughterwouldeventuallyneedawheelchairandwon’tbeabletomoveonherown.WhenthefamilywelcomedGeorgeintheirlives,hehelpedBellawalkbyprovidingassistance.Aharness(背带)withthewords“servicedog”isfastenedonhisbacksothatpeopleknowheisn’tjustapet.HeandBellaarenowinseparableandheneverleavesherside.Bellaattendedschoolforonlyhalfadaybeforeleavingtoplayatthehomeofherfriend—Hunter.BecausehegetstonaponthecouchwhileBellaplays.Georgelovesgoingoverthere.Asathank-youforhisloyalty,BellawantedtogiveGeorgesomethinginreturn.SheandherparentsthencameupwiththeideatocontactBarkPost,awell-knownwebsitethathostseventsreferredtoas“Dog’sBestDays”andgiveGeorgeadaytoremember.Amongtherest,thetwofriendsgottoshareahamburgertogetherandgottowalkonsnow,somethingGeorgeenjoys.Theydidabunchoffunthingstogetherandhadalovelyday.ThankstoGeorge,Belladoesn’tneedawheelchairandenjoystheindependenceherservicedogprovidestoher.“Georgeisjoyfulandhe’salwaystheretocheermeup.Heismybestfriend,”Bellasays.4.WhatdidthedoctorsayaboutBella’sillness?A.Shewouldrecoverslowly. B.Shewoulddropoutofschool.C.Shewouldlosetheabilitytowalk. D.Shewouldneedaservicedogtolookafterher.5.WhatwasGeorge’smainjob?A.ToplaywithBella. B.TocomfortBella.C.TohelpBellawalk. D.TocheerBellaup.6.WhydidBellaandherparentscontactBarkPost?A.TheywantedtothankGeorge. B.TheywantedtofindfriendsforGeorge.C.TheywantedtogiveGeorgearest. D.TheywantedtomakeGeorgewell-known.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AGirlFightsHerIllnessBravelyB.APetDogBecomesFamousforHisLoyaltyC.DogsAreImportantinHelpingtheDisabledD.AServiceDogHelpsaGirlRegainHerIndependence〖答案〗4.C5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Bella患有罕见的代谢性疾病，而George作为一只服务犬，帮助她重新获得了独立和快乐的生活。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Bellawassufferingararemetabolic(新陈代谢的)disorder,whichleadstoshortneck,knockkneesandhipproblems.InBella’scase,herparentsweretoldthattheirdaughterwouldeventuallyneedawheelchairandwon’tbeabletomoveonherown.(贝拉患有一种罕见的代谢紊乱，导致脖子短、膝外翻和髋关节问题。在贝拉的案例中，她的父母被告知，他们的女儿最终需要轮椅，无法自己移动。)”可知，医生告诉Bella的父母，Bella会失去行走能力，故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“WhenthefamilywelcomedGeorgeintheirlives,hehelpedBellawalkbyprovidingassistance.(当家人欢迎George进入他们的生活时，他通过提供帮助来帮助Bella走路。)”可知，George的主要工作是帮助Bella走路。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Asathank-youforhisloyalty,BellawantedtogiveGeorgesomethinginreturn.SheandherparentsthencameupwiththeideatocontactBarkPost,awell-knownwebsitethathostseventsreferredtoas“Dog’sBestDays”andgiveGeorgeadaytoremember.(为了感谢他的忠诚，贝拉想给乔治一些回报。然后，她和她的父母想出了一个主意，联系BarkPost，这是一个著名的网站，举办被称为“狗最好的日子”的活动，并给乔治一个值得纪念的日子。)”可知，Bella联系BarkPost是为了感谢George，故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了Bella通过与George的接触重新获得了独立，这意味着George作为一只服务狗帮助Bella恢复了自主能力。因此，最佳标题应该是D.AServiceDogHelpsaGirlRegainHerIndependence(一只服务狗帮助一个女孩重获自主能力)，D项更好地概括了整个故事的核心内容，故选D项。CMostpeoplehavealreadyheardwearefacinganeraofmassivespeciesextinction,thatwerunoutofinsectpollinators(传粉者)forourplantationsandthatspringsaresilentnow.Itisalsoagreedthatadiversenatureisessentialforoureconomicandemotionalwell-beingandforhumanhealth.Buthowtoachievethis?Buildingsproducedangerousemissions(排放物)pollutingtheair.Thenation’sbuildingsareresponsiblefor40%ofallUScarbonemissions.Designingbuildingsthatputtheenvironmentfirstisessential.DanielJaconetti,theNationalSustainableDesignLeaderforthearchitecturefirmHEDtellsGb&dMagazine,“Ourfirstresponsibilityistoeducateandthentodesignforclientsthebestpossiblebuildingthatmeetstheirneeds.”Thebestbuildingsaredesignedtoberesilient(能复原的),energyefficient,comfortable,andwithoutpoisonouschemicals.Theyareprobablytheones-thatmakethemostsensetopeople—beingasefficientaspossible.“You’reputtingoutfeweremissions.”DanielJaconettitellsGb&d.Eco-consciousdesigncanbefound-inanumberofways.Theapplicationofsolarpowerisjustonecommondesigntrend.Choosingeco-friendlybuildingmaterialscanalsohelp.Thiscanincludeawidevarietyofmaterials,frombambootothoserecycled.Whenlookingforwaystocatertoeco-friendlydesign,biophilia(热爱生物)hasbeenusedinarchitecturaldesigntounitenatureintotheenvironment.Withcommonelementsofbiophilicdesigninbuildingsincludingindoortreesandplantsandlivingwallscreatures,wecanenjoythevariousbenefitsassociatedwiththepresenceofnatureindoors.Foralreadyconstructedhomes,biophilicdesignelementcanhelpcreateanenvironmentallyfriendlyatmosphere.Bringinginplantsisjustonemajorwaytomakeaneco-friendlystatement.Properlystylingthegreenerycanbethedifferencebetweenshowcasingthetreeitselfandallowingittocomplementthesurroundingdesign.8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicofthetext. B.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofpollution.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectwildlife. D.Todrawpeople’sattentiontoemotionalwell-being.9.Whyisdesigningenvironmentally-friendlybuildingsimportant?A.Weneednewbuildingstobecomfortable. B.Buildingsaretoblameforseriousemissions.C.Buildingsarewherewespendmostofourtime. D.Weneeddifferentbuildingstocheerourselvesup.10.Whichofthefollowingcandescribebestbuildings?A.Luxury. B.Splendid. C.Eco-friendly. D.Life-changing.11.Whatcanyoudowithaconstructedhome?A.Redecorateit. B.Giveitathoroughclean.C.Changeitsdesignstyle. D.Addsomegreenplantstoit.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了建筑行业排放十分严重，呼吁进行环保建筑并对此提出了一些建议。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Mostpeoplehavealreadyheardwearefacinganeraofmassivespeciesextinction,thatwerunoutofinsectpollinators(传粉者)forourplantationsandthatspringsaresilentnow.Itisalsoagreedthatadiversenatureisessentialforoureconomicandemotionalwell-beingandforhumanhealth.Buthowtoachievethis?(大多数人已经听说，我们正面临着一个大规模物种灭绝的时代，我们的种植园已经没有昆虫授粉者了，春天现在很安静。人们还一致认为，多样性对我们的经济和情感福祉以及人类健康至关重要。但是如何做到这一点呢？)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章主题。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Buildingsproducedangerousemissions(排放物)pollutingtheair.Thenation’sbuildingsareresponsiblefor40%ofallUScarbonemissions.Designingbuildingsthatputtheenvironmentfirstisessential.(建筑物产生的有害排放物污染了空气。这个国家的建筑占美国碳排放量的40%。设计将环境放在首位的建筑是至关重要的)”可知，设计环保建筑很重要是因为建筑是严重排放的罪魁祸首。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thebestbuildingsaredesignedtoberesilient(能复原的),energyefficient,comfortable,andwithoutpoisonouschemicals.Theyareprobablytheones-thatmakethemostsensetopeople—beingasefficientaspossible.“You’reputtingoutfeweremissions.”DanielJaconettitellsGb&d.(最好的建筑被设计成具有弹性、节能、舒适和不含有毒化学物质。它们可能是对人们来说最有意义的——尽可能高效。“你的排放量减少了。”DanielJaconetti告诉Gb&d)”可推知，最好的建筑是环保的。故选C。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Foralreadyconstructedhomes,biophilicdesignelementcanhelpcreateanenvironmentallyfriendlyatmosphere.(对于已经建成的房屋，亲生物的设计元素可以帮助创造一个环境友好的氛围)”可知，你可以给建造好的房子添加一些绿色植物。故选D。DIt’sthedayofthebigrace.You’vegotyourrunningshoesonandyourstartingnumberpinnedtoyourtanktop(背心装).You’vetrainedforweeksforthismarathon,buthaveyoushortchangedyourselfbynothavingacupofcoffee?Studiesaboutcoffeecanbetricky.Oneweekscientistsfindthatcoffeeisbadforus,whilethenextweektheyannounceitprovidesbenefits.Whenitcomestocoffee’sstaringredient—caffeine,theresultsaremuchclearerinrelationtoathletes:Caffeineimprovesperformance.Itisoneofthefewlegalperformanceenhancersintheworld.Instudies,athleteswhoconsumedcaffeinebeforearacewereabletogofaster,lastlongerandrecovermorequicklythanthosewhodidn’t.Researchershavefoundthatcaffeinecausesmusclestousefatasfuel,ratherthanglycogen(糖原)storedinthemuscles,whichincreasesstrength.Caffeinealsocheersupmusclesbyreleasingcalciumstoredwithin,whichaidsspeedandendurance.Anditaffectshowhardyouthinkyou’reworking,sothatyoucanrunlongerandharderwithoutfeelingexhausted.Youdon’tevenneedmuchcaffeinetogettheresults.Scientistsestimatethatbetween1and2milligramsofcaffeineperkilogramofbodyweightwilldothetrick.Moreisn’tbetter.It’spossibletoperformworsewhenyouconsumemorethan9milligramsperkilogram.Caffeinecanhavedetrimentalsideeffectsinpeoplenotusedtoit,mostnotablyheadaches.Itisalsodiscouragedforthosewithheartconditionsorhighbloodpressure.Insomerunners,coffeeandothercaffeinatedproductscanresultindiarrhea(腹泻).Forthesereasons,it’sprobablybestnottodrinkyourfirstcupofcoffeethemorningofamarathon.Instead,seehowyourbodyreactsduringyourtraining.12.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howresearchersmadethefinding. B.Howcaffeineincoffeehelpsrunners.C.Whycoffeeisimportanttorunners. D.Whyresearcherscarriedouttheresearch.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Beneficial. B.Unnoticeable. C.Efficient.D.Harmful.14.Whatistheauthor’sadviceconcerningconsumingcoffee?A.Testitseffectintraining. B.Takemorebeforearace.C.Takesomeafterarace. D.Nevertakeanybeforearace.15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anotebook. B.Adiary. C.Amagazine. D.Atravelguide.〖答案〗12.B13.D14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍咖啡中的咖啡因可以帮助运动员跑的更快，时间更长，但是因人而异，咖啡因对不常喝咖啡的人也有有害的副作用，所以建议运动员可以在训练中测试咖啡的效果。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Researchershavefoundthatcaffeinecausesmusclestousefatasfuel,ratherthanglycogen(糖原)storedinthemuscles,whichincreasesstrength.Caffeinealsocheersupmusclesbyreleasingcalciumstoredwithin,whichaidsspeedandendurance.Anditaffectshowhardyouthinkyou’reworking,sothatyoucanrunlongerandharderwithoutfeelingexhausted.(研究人员发现，咖啡因会使肌肉使用脂肪作为燃料，而不是储存在肌肉中的糖原，从而增加力量。咖啡因还通过释放储存在肌肉中的钙来刺激肌肉，这有助于提高速度和耐力。它会影响你认为自己的努力程度，这样你就可以跑得更长、更努力，而不会感到疲惫。)”可知本段主要讲咖啡中的咖啡因对跑步者的作用，也就是如何帮助跑步者。故选B。【13题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“mostnotablyheadaches.Itisalsodiscouragedforthosewithheartconditionsorhighbloodpressure.(最明显的是头疼。对于那些有心脏病或高血压的人来说也是不鼓励的)”可推断上文意思是咖啡因会对不习惯咖啡因的人产生有害的副作用，所以detrimental意为“有害的”，和harmful同义，故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Forthesereasons,it’sprobablybestnottodrinkyourfirstcupofcoffeethemorningofamarathon.Instead,seehowyourbodyreactsduringyourtraining.(由于这些原因，最好不要在马拉松比赛的早晨喝第一杯咖啡。相反，看看你的身体在训练过程中是如何反应的。)”可知作者建议可以在训练中测试咖啡的效果。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍咖啡中的咖啡因可以帮助运动员跑的更快，时间更长，但是因人而异，咖啡因对不常喝咖啡的人也有有害的副作用，所以建议运动员可以在训练中测试咖啡的效果。故推断本文可能摘自杂志中，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDealwithNosy(好管闲的)PeopleNosypeopleareeverywhere.Theyarejusttoomuchforustotolerate.However,nomatterwhattypeofnosypeopleyoumeet,therearewaysyoucanusetogetoutofthesituation.___16___Respond.Donotreact.Whensomeonestartsaskingpersonalquestionsoneafteranother,youmightgetconfusedastowhy.Whenyoufindyourselfinthissituation,remindyourselftoslowdown.___17___Bemindfulofthesituationandtrytorespondwisely.Youdon’towe(欠)ananswertotheotherperson.Answerthemreasonablywithoutshowingtoomuch.Onegreatwayistogiveasatisfactoryanswerwithoutsayingtoomanydetails.Thisway,youwillsatisfytheircuriosityandkeepyourpersonalboundaries(界线).___18___Forinstance,yourlovedonemightask,“Iheardyouhadafightwithyourhusband.Whathappened?”Youcouldsay,“Nothingserious.Wearefine.”Thiswillletthemknowyouarefineandyouneedn’tsaythedetails!___19___Sometimes,youjustdon’tfeellikeansweringtheotherperson’squestions.Itcouldbebecausetheyhavenobusinessknowingthedetails.Itcouldalsobethattheyarerude.So,ifsomeoneasksyouapersonalquestion,youcouldpolitelydeclinetoanswerbysaying,“Sorry,butIamnotcomfortablediscussingmyprivatematterslikethis.”Showalackofenthusiasm.Yourbodylanguagetellsalotaboutyou.Ittellsotherpeoplewhetheryouareinterestedintalkingtothem,whetheryouarehavingagoodtimeandsoon.So,ifyouwanttocommunicatethatyoudon’tappreciatethembeingnosy,youcandosowithyourbodylanguage.Howdoyoudothis?Easy!Justshowalackofenthusiasm.___20___A.Avoidtalkingwiththem.B.Politelydeclinetoanswer.C.So,giveyourselftimetoreact.D.Thereisnoneedtofeelrushedatall!E.Usethiswaywhentheotherpersonisalovedone.F.Givebriefanswersanddon’tlookthemintheeyetoomuch.G.Followtheonesbelowandyouwillfinditeasytodealwiththem.〖答案〗16.G17.D18.E19.B20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与好管闲事的人打交道。【16题详析】上文“However,nomatterwhattypeofnosypeopleyoumeet,therearewaysyoucanusetogetoutofthesituation.(然而，不管你遇到什么类型的爱管闲事的人，你都可以用一些方法来摆脱这种情况)”指出有办法摆脱爱管闲事的人，下文各段“Respond.Donotreact.(回答，但不要有反应)”、“Answerthemreasonablywithoutrevealingtoomuch.(合理地回答他们，不要透露太多)”和“Showalackofenthusiasm.(表现出缺乏热情)”都是关于如何与爱管闲事的人打交道的建议。G项“Followtheonesbelowandyouwillfinditeasytodealwiththem.(以下是关于如何应对爱管闲事的人的建议)”承上启下，引出下文的具体建议，上下文衔接自然。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Whensomeonestartsaskingpersonalquestionsoneafteranother,youmightgetconfusedastowhy.Whenyoufindyourselfinthissituation,remindyourselftoslowdown.(当有人开始一个接一个地问私人问题时，你可能会感到困惑，不知道为什么。当你发现自己处于这种情况时，提醒自己慢下来)”指出当有人开始一个接一个地提出个人问题时，你要提醒自己慢下来。D项“Thereisnoneedtofeelrushedatall!(根本没有必要感到匆忙!)”与上文语意一致，表达了相同的意思，“noneedtofeelrushed”与上文“remindyourselftoslowdown”相照应。故选D。【18题详析】上文“Onegreatwayistogiveasatisfactoryanswerwithoutsayingtoomanydetails.Thisway,youwillsatisfytheircuriosityandkeepyourpersonalboundaries(界线).(一个很好的方法是给出一个令人满意的〖答案〗，而不是说太多的细节。这样，你会满足他们的好奇心，并保持你的个人界限)”提出一个策略：给出一个令人满意的〖答案〗，而不是说太多的细节。下文“Forinstance,yourlovedonemightask,“Hey!Iheardyouhadafightwithyourhusband.Whathappened?”Inresponse,youcouldsay,“Oh,nothingserious.Wearefine.”Thiswillletthemknowyouaredoingfine.(例如，你所爱的人可能会问，“嘿！我听说你和你丈夫吵架了。发生了什么？”作为回应，你可以说，“哦，没什么大不了的。我们很好。”这会让他们知道你做得很好)”举例子说明如何对你所爱的人如何使用这个策略。E项“Usethiswaywhentheotherpersonisalovedone.(当对方是你所爱的人时，请使用这一策略)”承上启下，句中“thisway”指代上文所述策略。故选E。【19题详析】设空句是本段小标题。根据下文“Sometimes,youjustdon’tfeellikeansweringtheotherperson’squestions.Itcouldbebecausetheyhavenobusinessknowingthedetails.Itcouldalsobethattheyarerude.So,ifsomeoneasksyouapersonalquestion,youcouldpolitelydeclinetoanswerbysaying,“Sorry,butIamnotcomfortablediscussingmyprivatematterslikethis.”(有时候，你只是不想回答别人的问题。这可能是因为他们没有权利知道细节。也可能是因为他们很粗鲁。所以，如果有人问你一个私人问题，你可以礼貌地拒绝回答：“对不起，我不喜欢这样讨论我的私人问题。”)”可知，本段主要建议要礼貌地拒绝他人。故B项“Politelydeclinetoanswer.(礼貌地拒绝回答)”是本段最佳小标题。故选B。【20题详析】上文“So,ifyouwanttocommunicatethatyoudon’tappreciatethembeingnosy,youcandosowithyourbodylanguage.Howdoyoudothis?Easy!Justshowalackofenthusiasm.(所以，如果你想表达你不喜欢他们爱管闲事，你可以用肢体语言来表达。你是怎么做到的?简单!只是表现出缺乏热情)”提出用肢体语言来表达缺乏热情。F项“Givebriefanswersanddon’tlookthemintheeyetoomuch.(给出简短的回答，不要直视对方的眼睛)”给出具体的做法建议：简短的回答，不直视其眼睛。这是表示自己不喜欢他人管闲事的，不感兴趣的肢体语言。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Istartedmycyclingadventureearly.Themorningridewas___21___,thegentlebreeze(微风)waspleasantandtheroadwasfreeoftraffic.Thepathwaslinedbycolorfulflowers.Gazingatthemountains,IfeltlikeIwas___22___throughapainting.Lookingdown,I___23___fallenleavesonthetrack.ItwasthefirsttimeIrealizedleavescouldbesorichincolor.Icametounderstandthetrue___24___ofautumnisfoundinthesesubtle,oftenoverlookeddetails.Ofcourse,thisjourneywasalsoachallenge.EachtimeIenduredalengthyuphillclimb,I___25___myselfsomewhereaheadlaya(n)___26___downhillsection.Itbecameakindofreward.Iwasthirstyandtired.Ipushedmybikeuptheincline,whichhelpedstretchmymuscles.Ipassedbyawomansellingoranges.Iwantedtobuysome.However,thewoman___27___mymoneyandencouragedmetohelpmyself,___28___theorangeswerefromherowntrees.Iwasdeeply___29___.Aftereatingtwo,Icrouched(蹲)bytheroadside,gazingattheuphillstretchahead.Ayoungcoupleinacar______30______tobuyoranges.Iaskediftheycouldgivemealift.They______31______andevenofferedmebreadandwater.IlearnedtheywerefromSuzhouandhaddrivenherefortheweekend.They______32______IvisitSuzhouforanaround-the-lakerideofTaihu.About10minuteslater,Isaidgoodbyetothemandcontinuedriding.Mymoodwas______33______transformed.Ateamofcyclistsapproached,givingmethumbs-up.Iwasincrediblymotivated.Cycling144kminninehourswasa(n)______34_____.However,asIreflectonthebeautyalongtherouteandthekindnessofthepeopleImet,Iamstillfullof______35______andIamgladcame.21.A.admirable B.enjoyable C.affordable D.energetic22.A.cycling B.driving C.running D.jogging23.A.imagined B.produced C.noticed D.confirmed24.A.beauty B.harvest C.coolness D.change25.A.warned B.taught C.reminded D.cheated26.A.effortless B.meaningless C.useless D.hopeless27.A.assessed B.refused C.valued D.took28.A.arguing B.debating C.complaining D.adding29.A.disappointed B.excited C.touched D.astonished30.A.tookdown B.tookover C.pulleddown D.pulledover31.A.failed B.agreed C.promised D.answered32.A.recommended B.ordered C.persuaded D.doubted33.A.privately B.frequently C.completely D.hardly34.A.hope B.challenge C.honor D.memory35.A.generosity B.honesty C.curiosity D.gratitude〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者骑行冒险的经历，分享了清晨骑行的愉快、路上的美景以及与陌生人的温暖互动【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：早上的骑行很愉快，微风很宜人，道路没有车辆。A.admirable令人钦佩的；B.enjoyable令人愉快的；C.affordable负担得起的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“thegentlebreeze(微风)waspleasantandtheroadwasfreeoftraffic.Thepathwaslinedbycolorfulflowers.”可知，早上的骑行是很愉快的，故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凝视着山峦，我觉得自己就像骑着车穿越一幅画一样。A.cycling骑自行车；B.driving开车；C.running跑步；D.jogging慢跑。根据上文“cyclingadventure”可知，作者觉得好像是骑着车穿越一幅画一样，故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：往下看，我注意到路上的落叶。A.imagined想象；B.produced产生；C.noticed注意到；D.confirmed确认。根据下文“ItwasthefirsttimeIrealizedleavescouldbesorichincolor.”可知，作者注意到落叶，意识到它们丰富的色彩，故选C项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白，秋天的真正美丽在于这些微妙的、经常被忽视的细节。A.beauty美丽；B.harvest收获；C.coolness凉爽；D.change变化。根据上文“ItwasthefirsttimeIrealizedleavescouldbesorichincolor.”及“Icametounderstandthetrue______ofautumnisfoundinthesesubtle,oftenoverlookeddetails.”可知，作者明白了秋天的真正美丽在于微妙的、经常被忽视的细节，故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我忍受漫长的上坡时，我都会提醒自己前方的某个地方有一个毫不费力的下坡路段。A.warned警告；B.taught教导；C.reminded提醒；D.cheated欺骗。根据上文“thisjourneywasalsoachallenge”及下文“somewhereaheadlaya(n)______downhillsection”可知，旅程很有挑战性，作者在漫长的上坡时会提醒自己前方有下坡，故选C项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我忍受漫长上坡时，我都会提醒自己前方的某个地方有一个毫不费力的下坡路段。A.effortless毫不费力的；B.meaningless毫无意义的；C.useless无用的；D.hopeless绝望的。根据下文“downhillsection”可知，上坡漫长且有挑战性，下坡是毫不费力的，故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，那位女士拒绝了我的钱，并鼓励我自己取用，她还补充说这些橙子来自她自己的树。A.assessed评估；B.refused拒绝；C.valued重视；D.took接受。根据上文“Iwantedtobuysome.”及“However”可知，作者想买那位女士的橘子，但是女士拒绝了作者的钱，故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，那位女士拒绝了我的钱，并鼓励我自己取用，她还说这些橙子来自她自己的树。A.arguing争论；B.debating辩论；C.complaining抱怨；D.adding补充。根据下文“theorangeswerefromherowntrees”可知，作者是在女士补充的讲述中知道这些橙子来自她自己的树，故选D项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们深深的感动了。A.disappointed失望的；B.excited兴奋的；C.touched感动的；D.astonished惊讶的。根据上文“hewoman______mymoneyandencouragedmetohelpmyself,______theorangeswerefromherowntrees.”可知，作者被女士的慷慨感动了，故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一对年轻夫妇停下车买橘子。A.tookdown撤下；B.tookover接管；C.pulleddown摧毁；D.pulledover靠边停车。根据“Atobuyoranges.”可知，年轻夫妇停下车买橘子，故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们同意了，甚至给了我面包和水。A.failed失败；B.agreed同意；C.promised答应；D.answered回答。根据下文“evenofferedmebreadandwater”可知，他们同意捎作者一程，故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们推荐我去苏州，在太湖的湖边骑行。A.recommended推荐；B.ordered吩咐；C.persuaded劝说；D.doubted怀疑。根据“IvisitSuzhouforanaround-the-lakerideofTaihu.”可知，他们推荐作者去绕太湖骑行，故选A项。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的心情完全改变了。A.privately私下地；B.frequently经常；C.completely完全地；D.hardly几乎不。根据上文内容，作者经过女士给他橘子，免费搭车等事情后心情完全地改变了，由之前的疲惫变为开心、感恩。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：九小时骑行144公里是一项挑战。A.hope希望；B.challenge挑战；C.honor荣誉；D.memory记忆。根据上文“Iwasincrediblymotivated.Cycling144kminninehourswasa(n)”可知，九小时就骑行了144公里是一项挑战，故选B项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我回想起沿途的美景和我遇到的人的善意时，我仍然充满感激之情，我很高兴来到这里。A.generosity慷慨；B.honesty诚实；C.curiosity好奇；D.gratitude感恩，感激。根据上文“asIreflectonthebeautyalongtherouteandthekindnessofthepeopleImet,”可知，作者回想起自己遇到的沿途的美丽和人们的善意时，作者是感激的，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LivingHeritage:Porcelain(瓷器)Manyyearsago,adancebetweenclayandfiregaverisetoatangiblepieceofart:porcelain.Flamesinkilns(窑)aroundChina___36___(burn)sincetheXiaandShangDynasties.Alongtheway,porcelainwasborn.Porcelainisceramicmadebyheatingrawmaterials,oftenamixbetweenChinastoneandkaolinclay,inakilnatatemperatureashigh___37___1,200degreeCelsius.Temperatureis___38___(certain)thekeytomakingporcelain.Goingthroughthefireatahightemperaturegivesporcelaingreaterstrength,moretranslucence(透澈度)andafeastofcolors.Celadon(青瓷),___39___(produce)inLongquan,Zhejiangprovince,isatypicalexampleofcrafts-men’spursuitoftheperfectgreenshine.Ittakes72stepstoproduceLongquanceladon’sjade-likegreen.Plumgreenandlightgreenaretwocolorsof___40___bestquality.Porcelainhasalsobeenacarrierforculturalexchanges.AlongwithChina’ssilkandtea,porcelainwasoneofthefirstgoods___41___(receive)worldwidetrade.AsittravelledaroundtheglobethroughtheancientMaritimeSilkRoad,porcelainenjoyedgreat___42___(popular)amongroyalfamiliesandupperclassesinEurope,___43___wereattractedbythesebeautifulvesselstheynamedafterChina,aproductthatcouldbeproducedonlyinthefarEast.Porcelainbeganasa___44___(practice)utensil(器具)andevolvedintopiecesofart.Evenwhenbrokenintopiecesandburieddeepinmud,culturalvaluesattachedtoporcelainwouldneverfade.Asamemorythatcan____45____(feel)withbothhands,porcelainistouchablehistory.〖答案〗36.havebeenburning37.as38.certainly39.produced40.the41.torece