定语从句复习-(2)课件

定语从句定语从句在句中相当于形容词，来修饰名词和代词作定语。从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词词:词的作用：(1)引导定语从句

(2)在从句中作一成份

(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置引导定语从句的词关系代词一、as引导限制性定语从句主要结构有：thesame…asas…assuch…asso…as主句中出现thesame,as,such,so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。

1.

SuchgirlsasheknowsaregoodatEnglish.

2.

ThisisthesamebookasIlost.3.

Shewillmarryashealthyamanasshecanfind.

4.

Thereissowarmahouseaswewanttolivein.

5.

Hehassodifficultaproblem,asnoneofuscansolve.

2)区别

thesameas与thesamethatsuch…as与such…thatThisisthesamepenasIlost.同一类，不是同一支同一支,就是那支TheyhadsuchafiercedogasIhadneverseen.Theyhassuchafiercedogthatnoonedaredtogoneartheirhouse.as在定语从句作seen的宾语that在从句中不作成分,that引导结果状语从句ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.在定语从句中作主语或宾语主语或宾语宾语宾语或主语定语状语状语状语在从句中作宾语可省去时间地点原因

先行词为人物/人人物某人/某物的引导词关系代词关系副词whothatwhomwhichwhoseWhenWherewhy1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisherdaughter.3.Thegirl________motherisfromBritaincanspeakEnglish

verywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.who/that(whom/who/that)whosewhich/thatFillintheblankwithproperrelativepronoun:Jointhesentence.Drawingisakindofart.Iknowlittleaboutdrawing.Drawingisakindofart(that/which)Iknowlittleabout.Drawingisakindofartthat/whichIknowlittle.aboutXThepersonismymathsteacher.Ilearnedalotfromtheperson.Mymathsteacheristheperson(whom/that)Ilearnedalotfrom.Mymathsteacheristhepersonwhom/thatIlearnedalot.fromX

Theattributiveclauseintroducedby

prep.+which

Theattributiveclauseintroducedby

prep.+whom1.关系代词作介词宾语，当介词前置时，只能用

whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking?Doyouknowtheboy(that)shewastalkingto?Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.

2.介词的选用原则:根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配或介词短语的习惯搭配来决定，也可根据句子意思来决定。

onwhichIspentfiveYuan.

forwhichIpaidfiveYuanThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot

aboutwhichTomoftentalks

①这是我正在找的手表。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.②那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareallveryhealthy.√×√×3.有的短语动词与介词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.代词／数词／名词／形容词比较级、最高级等＋of＋which／whom1.名词+介词+关系词常见结构拓展thedaughterofwhomRecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase（花瓶）,_______wasveryreasonable（合理的）.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhoseWehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的两个）2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数）

twoofwhomThefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）

Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.（两个都是）bothofwhomLastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.A.bothoftheyB.neitherofwhomC.bothofthemD.allofwhom4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhich

Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich5.介词+关系代词+名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.（在那段时间内）duringwhichtimeIntheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichThiswastheknife_________hecutdownthetree.Tomistheperson_________IoftenturnforhelpwhenIamintrouble.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Heistheperson__________Iwillbuyagift.We’llvisitthebeautifulvillage___________Marycomes.Thisisthebuilding______________standsatalltree.towhomforwhomwithwhichinfrontofwhichbehindwhichfromwhichFillingintheblanks:1.定语从句中关系副词有：

when,where,why2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。

when作时间状语；where作地点状语；

why作原因状语。如：定语从句中关系副词的用法Herememberthedaywhenhisfatherdied.

IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作时间状语，意为onthedaywhere作地点状语，意为intheplacewhy作原因状语，意为forthereason

3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。

如：

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.which在定语从句中作宾语比较:

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于duringthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.比较:Thereasonwhyhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.4.关系副词when,where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。

when相当于“at/in/during…+which”where相当于“in/at/on…+which”why相当于“for+which”

如：所指先行词引导词时间time/day/week/moment/month/period/seasonwhen=at/in/on/duringwhich地点place/room/case/situation/point

where=in/at/onwhich原因reasonwhy=forwhichIsthisthedaywhen/onwhichIvisitedthemuseum?Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfindit.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn’tcometothemeeting.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.句中when相当于onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。如：ThisistheroomwhereLuXunoncelived.句中where相当于inwhichDetailedexplanationWhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。如：why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。如：Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate?Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.思考是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替?1.Thesungivesusheatandlight(_____________wecan’tlive).2.Thebook(___________Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.withoutwhichaboutwhich3.Thepen(__________)shewrotethatbookcannowbeseeninamuseum.4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_____________)flowersareseenalltheyearround.5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_____________)thegreatwriterusedtolive.withwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhich6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_____________)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(____________Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.结论：只有当“介词+关系代词”充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。onwhich/whenduringwhich如何判断关系副词与关系代词方法一.取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。方法二.准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词。判断改错ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.

which2.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.

which3.ThisisthemountainvillagewhichIstayedlastyear.

where4.I'llneverforgetthedayswhichIworkedwithyou.

when

准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneBA

Multiple

choices:1.Thebraveman,

thetigerwasshotisagoodhunter．A.bywhichB.bywhomC.bythatD.ofwhom2.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_____aresoldabroad.(’04辽宁）

A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat3.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney

tobuytherings．

A.whichB.thatC.withwhich D.forwhich4.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,____wasveryreasonable.(’00上海）

A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose5.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingtimewas226days.(’04广西）

A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich6.Americanwomenusuallyregardtheirbestfriendassomeone___theycantalkfrequently.(’04上海）

A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom7.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titan