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北京市房山区2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语
模拟试题
第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AnUnexpectedGift
Twelve-year-oldMathewFloresisdifferentfromotherkids.Helovesjunk(垃圾)mail,andthese
advertisementsweretheonlyreadingmaterials]tohim.Onceheaskedhismailmanifhecould
offerhimsome.
Thequestion2themailman.Heaskedtheboythereason,andthenrecordedhis3in
his."Todaywhiledeliveringmail,Isawaboyreadingads,andheaskedmeforextramail.Actuallyhe
wantstogotothelibrary,buthisfamilyisverypoorandcan't4thebus.”
Themailmanthenaskedhisfriendsiftheycould5somebooksfortheboy.Hewrote,
“Mostkidswantelectronicproducts!Butwhathewantsisbooks.Ifsgreattoseehisrare6and
youmayhaveseenhimsmilewhenIsaidIcouldhelphim!”"Heiscountingonme,“heconcluded.44So
Iamcountingonyou!^^
Themailmanthoughtthepostmight750to60books.Buthis8waspassedon
quickly.Peoplefromaroundtheworld,includingtheUK,AustraliaandIndia,havesentbooks.
Hundredsofbookshavebeendeliveredtotheboy'sdoor,withhundredsmore9ontheirway.
Whenbooksfirststartedarriving,Floreswasshockedbywhathappened."Ithoughttheywere
10buttheyindeedwereforme."Hesaysthathecan'twaittosharethebookswithotherkids,and
haspromisedtoreadeveryone.
1.A.naturalB.availableC.commonD.familiar
2.A.frightenedB.disappointedC.surprisedD.amused
3.A.responseB.effortC.decisionD.comment
4.A.ownB.takeC.shareD.afford
5.A.adjustB.examineC.reD.publish
6.A.desireB.effectC.purposeD.value
7.A.giveawayB.bringinC.takeonD.putup
8.A.beliefB.spiritC.secretD.request
9.A.onlyB.nearlyC.stillD.thus
10.A.mistakenB.helplessC.unusualD.awkward
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Christmaswasnear.Iwalkedawayfrommyschoolandfollowedthewornpaththroughthetrees
ontothestreet11Cole'sgrocerystorestood.Inmypocketwasa12(collect)
ofcoinsandbillsIhadearnedthesummerbefore.CarsrandownthestreetasIopenedthedoortothe
store.Thenoiseofthecarsdisappearedwhenthedoorclosed13me.Iwasakidwhofeltoutof
placeandonamission.Forthefirsttime,IwasgoingtobuyaChristmasgiftformymumanddad.
B
Astudyfoundthatadultsaged18to33checkedtheirsmartphones85timesaday,oronceevery10
minutes.AsIlearnedduringmyexperiment,14(place)somedistancebetweenmyselfandmy
devicehelpedmedevotemyselftomyworkmore15(easy).Bynothavingmysmartphone,my
distraction(消遣)timewentdownandthusmyworktime16(spend)moreefficientlyand
effectively.Onnumerousoccasions,Ifound17(I)wonderingwhattodowiththeafternoon
sinceIhadalreadycompletedmyhigh-impacttasksfortheday.Withtheextratime,Icanfinallyenjoy
thepleasuresoflife.
C
Speakingofmapapps,someusershavefoundthattheyareusefulformorethanjustfindingone's
way.Oneman,SanFrancisco'sLennyMaughan,usesthem18(make)worksofart.
Lennyrunseverywherehecan.Whereverhegoes,hetrackshisprogressbyusinganapp,suchas
MapMyRunorStrava.Asheruns,theapptracesalinealongthepathhefollows.So,tomakehisruns
morefun,Lennydecidedtoruninpatternsthat19(create)amazingimages.Todate,he20
(share)runsthathaveturnedintoimagesofaheart,aportraitofartistFridaKahlo,andmore.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
A
IWTATKMFORYOUTH
losiwrviDeos
TOTHEUWTEDMTKXS
TheEducationOutreachSectionKNTICMTtRNATOiAlOAYOrFUCEofthe
UnitedNationsDepartmentofPublicInformationinvitesyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworldbetween
theagesof15and24tosubmit10-to15-secondvideosinEnglishonhowtheSustainableDevelopment
Goalscanbuildpeace.Whenmakingyourvideos,thinkaboutwhyendingpoverty,addressingclimate
change,forgingequalityandensuringaccesstoeducationareimportanttocreatingamorepeaceful
world.
ThemostengagingvideoswillbefeaturedontheUnitedNationsInternationalDayofPeace
channel.SomewillevenbeshownatanofficialeventatUnitedNationsHeadquartersinNewYorkon
16September.
Wewillbepostingselectedclipsatwww..com/channelfrom13June(thestartofthe100-day
countdown)through21September,theInternationalDayofPeace.
Whenyoumakeyourvideo,pleasestateyournameandcountryatthebeginning.Andremember
thatallvideosshouldbeappropriateforyoungeraudiences.
We'llbeacceptingyoursubmissionsfromnowuntil1September.Sostartsendingyourvideosto
today!
Background:TheInternationalDayofPeacefallson21September.TheGeneralAssemblyhas
declaredthisasadaydevotedtostrengtheningtheidealsofpeace,bothwithinandamongallnations
andpeoples.Everyyearonthisday,theUnitedNationscallsonthepeopleoftheworldtoremember
theircommonhumanityandjointogethertobuildafuturefreeofconflicts.Thethemeforthisyear,
“TheSustainableDevelopmentGoals:BuildingBlocksforPeace”,highlightshowendingpoverty,
protectingtheplanetandensuringprosperityforeveryoneallcontributetoglobalharmony.The
SustainableGoalscoverabroadrangeofissues,includingpoverty,hunger,health,education,climate
change,genderequality,water,sanitation,energy,environmentandsocialjustice.
MoreinformationontheInternationalDayofPeaceandtheSustainableDevelopmentGoals:
http://www.un.org/en/events/peaceday.
21.Theparticipantsshould.
A.beatleasttwenty-fouryearsold
B.uploadclipsontotheappointedwebsite
C.comeupwithsolutionstoglobalproblems
D.submitthevideosnolaterthan1September
22.Whatmightbetheproperwordstostartthevideo?
A.MynameisJimena,andI'mfromPeru.
B.Hello,Tdliketointroducetheeventfirst.
C.TodayIwanttosaysomethingtoyoungaudiences.
D.Whatisthekeytocreatingamorepeacefulworld?
23.Oncechosen,thevideowillbe.
A.putonachannelB.postedonthewebforoneyear
C.shownatthetheaterinNewYorkD.filmedontheInternationalDayofPeace
24.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheactivity?
A.Tocollectvideomaterialsforthewebsites.
B.Toraiseyoungpeople'sconcernaboutworldpeace.
C.Todrawattentiontotheeducationofthenextgeneration.
D.TopopularizetheInternationalDayofPeaceamongtheyouth.
B
About20yearsago,DanielHoffman,aclassicallytrainedviolinistmetayoungmusicianplayingin
thetownsquareinMarrakech,anancientcityinMorocco.TheycommunicatedinthelittleFrenchthey
bothknew,buttheirmaincommonlanguagewasmusic.Onthebackofamotorbikeofthefellow
violinist,Hoffmanweavedthroughthebackstreetsofthecityandthenlearnedhisfirstlessonsin
Andalusianmusic,theclassicalmusicofNorthAfrica.
Thatexperiencegavebirthtoanidea:Whatwoulditbeliketotrytolearnhowtoplaydifferent
violinstylesaroundtheworldinjustoneweek?Oh,yes,andattheendofthatweek,playaconcert.He
evengotanamefortheconcept“musicalextremesports”.
Ittookhimalmosttwodecadestolaunchthatdreamwithafriend,whointroducedhimtothe
wondersofKickstarter,afundingplatformforcreativeprojects.Uptonow,thedreamhastakenthe
formofanewdocumentarycurrentlyairingonAmericanpublictelevisionstationscalled"'Otherwise,
IfsJustFirewood.^^
Inthedocumentary,HoffmantravelstoCountyClare,Ireland,wherehetakeslessonswithJames
Kelly,amasterIrishviolinplayer,forlessthanaweekandthenperformstogetherwithhiminfrontof
anaudience,manyofwhomarestarIrishmusicians.
ThefilmiswhatHoffmanhopeswillbethefirstofaneventualseriesofshortdocumentaries,
showinghimlearningtoplaytheviolininavarietyofstyles,includingthefolkmusicofsouthIndia,
Sweden,Greece,Romania,andWestVirginia.
Thatwouldaddtohisextensiverepertoire(全部曲目),whichalreadyincludesBalkan,Middle
Eastern,andTurkishstyles.t4Thebigjokeiswhafsthedifferencebetweenthefiddleandtheviolin?It's
thepersonwhoplaysit,“saysNiallKeegan,atraditionalfluteplayer."It'sthemusicyoumakeonitthat
makesitIrishorEnglishorFrenchorclassicalorjazzorwhateverelse.It'showweimagineitandhow
wecreatethroughitthatmakeitandgiveitcharacter.”
""Otherwise,ifsjustfirewood,,5hesays,wordsthatbecamethefilm5stitle.
25.WheredoesHoffman^ideaofmusicalextremesportscomefrom?
A.Hisexplorationofthelocalmusic.
B.Hiscooperationwiththeyoungviolinist.
C.Hissightseeingtouronamotorbikeseat.
D.Hisconstantlychangingtasteinviolinstyles.
26.Accordingtothepassage,theseriesofdocumentaries.
A.helpHoffmantobecomeamasterviolinplayer
B.arefundedbyAmericanpublictelevisionstations
C.introducedifferentstylesofmusiciansaroundtheworld
D.recordHoffinan'sexperienceinlearningvariousviolinstyles
27.Thetitleofthedocumentary"'Otherwise,IfsJustFirewood,5isusedtoemphasize.A.the
powerofdiversifiedartisticexpression
B.thepleasureinlearningtraditionalmusic
C.thetechniqueofinstrumentplaying
D.theimportanceoffamousartists
C
TheRiseofVoiceTechnology
Voicetechnologyhascomealongway.Justafewyearsago,itwouldhavebeenunusable.Butnow,
thosewhofollowthetechnologyknowthatithasgotconsiderablybetter.
Writingwithyourvoiceraisesseveralinterestingquestions.Howdifficultisitactually?Human
speechinvolvesalotmorestartingandstoppingwitherrorsandtheneedforrepairingbrokensentences
thanyoumaythink.Evengiftedspeakersmakemistakes.Toturnthespokenwordintoreasonable
writingrequireslotsofplanning.You'llneedsomekindsofnotesorotherorganiserstomakeitwork.
Anotherquestionturningspeechintowritingraisesisthestyle.Howwouldwritingmakethe
changethatpeoplespeaktheirwritingratherthantype?Chancesarethatitwouldcomeupwithmany
moreshortsentencesandmoreconcretelanguage,whichisgood.Itwouldprobablyalsorelyon
preparedphrasesalotmoreoften,whichisnotavailablewhenyouarespeakingquickly.
Toconfirmthis,acolumnwasnotwritten,butdictated(听写).Itwascomposedfrombriefnotes
writtendownforstructureonly,anditwaseditedforlength,withalloftheoriginalerrorskeptin.Here
weretheresults.Thefirstwasthattheliteralaccuracywasextremelyhigh.Thereweren'tmanycases
wherethesoftwarehadheardonewordincorrectlyandwrittendownanother.Buttheotherresultwas
thatthereadabilityofthiscolumnwasratherbad.Obviously,theblameisnotwiththetechnologyatall,
whichturnsouttoberathergood.Speakingintowritingreliesonabetterhumanbrainthantheonewe
currentlypossess.Writingishard.There?sareasonitcan'tbedoneatthespeedofspeech,inrealtime.
Toclarifythematter,thistimeparagraphbreakswereaddedafterthewholewriting.Punctuations
(标点)hadtobespokenaloud,andafterafullstop,thefirstwordinthenewsentencewascapitalized
automatically.Someminorpunctuationmarkswereaddedtomakeitclearer.Toimproveaccuracy,
people"trained“thesoftwarebeforehand,readingaprewrittenpassagealoud.Actuallyitturnsouttobe
moreeffective.Alloftheseensurethesatisfactorycompletionofturningspeechintowriting.
Languageisthemostimportanttoolforhumaninteraction,andvoiceisonebeautifulpartof
language.Withthematurityofmodemtechnology,ithasgivenbirthtoagreatchangeinthe
human-computervoiceinteraction.
28.Accordingtothepassage,whichhelpstoturnspeechintowritingintermsofstyle?
A.Thereiscarefulplanninginadvance.
B.Errorsandbrokensentencesareavoided.
C.Peopletypewordsasfastastheysaythem.
D.Thewritingcontainsmorepreparedphrases.
29.Toachievebetterresults,theauthormentionssomechangesfor.
A.processingerrorsinacolumnB.addingminorpunctuationmarks
C.increasingthenumberofbriefnotesD.integratingshortparagraphsinwriting
30.Theauthorsuggeststhat.
A.humanbrainsareresponsibleforpoordictatedwriting
B.writingwithvoicepromisestoimprovethequalityofwriting
C.writingisanunnaturalactthatcanhardlybelearnedandimproved
D.technologyhasalongwaytogointhehuman-computervoiceinteraction
31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Whypeoplefullyintendtoturnspeechintowriting.
B.Whatrolevoicetechnologyplaysinimprovingreadability.
C.Wherethehuman-computervoiceinteractionisatanadvantage.
D.Howvoicetechnologyenablesthechangefromspeechintowriting.
D
Communitiesacrosstheworldarestartingtobanfacialrecognitiontechnologies.Theeffortsare
wellintentioned,butbanningfacialrecognitionisthewrongwaytofightagainstmodemsurveillance
(监视).Generally,modemmasssurveillancehasthreebroadcomponents:identification,correlationand
discrimination.
Facialrecognitionisatechnologythatcanbeusedtoidentifypeoplewithouttheirconsent.Once
weareidentified,thedataaboutwhoweareandwhatwearedoingcanbecorrelatedwithotherdata.
Thismightbemovementdata,whichcanbeusedto"fbllow“usaswemovethroughoutourday.Itcan
bepurchasingdata,Internetbrowsingdata,ordataaboutwhowetalktoviaemailortext.Itmightbe
dataaboutourincome,ethnicity,lifestyle,professionandinterests.Thereisanentireindustryofdata
brokerswhomakealivingbysellingourdatawithoutourconsent.
Ifsnotjustthattheyknowwhoweare;ifsthattheycorrelatewhattheyknowaboutustocreate
profilesaboutwhoweareandwhatourinterestsare.Thewholepurposeofthisprocessisforcompanies
totreatindividualsdifferently.WeareshowndifferentadsontheInternetandreceivedifferentoffersfor
creditcards.Inthefuture,wemightbetreateddifferentlywhenwewalkintoastore,justaswecurrently
arewhenwevisitwebsites.
Itdoesn'tmatterwhichtechnologyisusedtoidentifypeople.Whafsimportantisthatwecanbe
consistentlyidentifiedovertime.Wemightbecompletelyanonymous(匿名的)inasystemthatuses
uniquecookiestotrackusaswebrowsetheInternet,butthesameprocessofcorrelationand
discriminationstilloccurs.
Regulatingthissystemmeansaddressingallthreestepsoftheprocess.Abanonfacialrecognition
won'tmakeanydifference.Theproblemisthatwearebeingidentifiedwithoutourknowledgeor
consent,andsocietyneedsrulesaboutwhenthatispermissible.
Similarly,weneedrulesabouthowourdatacanbecombinedwithotherdata,andthenboughtand
soldwithoutourknowledgeorconsent.Thedatabrokerindustryisalmostentirelyunregulatednow.
Reasonablelawswouldpreventtheworstoftheirabuses.
Finally,weneedbetterrulesaboutwhenandhowitispermissibleforcompaniestodiscriminate.
Discriminationbasedonprotectedcharacteristicslikeraceandgenderisalreadyillegal,butthoserules
areineffectualagainstthecurrenttechnologiesofsurveillanceandcontrol.Whenpeoplecanbe
identifiedandtheirdatacorrelatedataspeedandscalepreviouslyunseen,weneednewrules.
Today,facialrecognitiontechnologiesarereceivingtheforceofthetechbacklash(抵制),but
focusingonthemmissesthepoint.Weneedtohaveaseriousconversationaboutallthetechnologiesof
identification,correlationanddiscrimination,anddecidehowmuchwewanttobespiedonandwhat
sortsofinfluencewewantthemtohaveoverourlives.
32.AccordingtoPara2,withfacialrecognition,.
A.one'slifestylechangesgreatlyB.one'semailcontentisdisclosed
C.one'sprofilesareupdatedintimeD.one'spersonalinformationisreleased
33.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.
A.discriminationbasedonnewtechsurveillanceisillegal
B.differentbrowsingdatabringindifferentadvertisements
C.usingmobilesanonymouslykeepsusfrombeingcorrelated
D.databrokerscontrolthecurrenttechnologiesofsurveillance
34.Theauthorwrotethispassageto.
A.callforbanningfacialrecognitiontechnologies
B.advocatetheurgentneedforchangesinrelatedlaws
C.informreadersofthedisadvantagesoffacialrecognition
D.evaluatethreebroadcomponentsinmodemmasssurveillance
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?Dosocialmediahaveanegativeimpacton
yourmentalhealth?It'scomplicated.
Inarecentstudy,theinvestigatorscomparedsocialmediauseanddepressionbetweenteens.
35Specifically,foreveryhourperdaythatoneteenspentonsocialmediamorethanherpeers,she
likelyhada0.64-pointhigherdepressionscore.
Adifferentstudypublishedin2018identifiedfivedistincttypesofsocialmediausers.Thefinding
wasthat"'problematicsocialmediause“wasoneofthemainthemesforpeoplewhosementalhealthwas
affectedbysocialmedia.Youcanhavealcoholinyourlifewithoutitbeingaproblem,oryouralcohol
usemaybecomeproblematic.36
There9soneimportantthingtorememberaboutsurveyresearch-justbecausetwothings
happentogether,it'snotnecessarilytruethatonecausestheother.37Forallweknow,itcouldbe
thatpeoplewhoarealreadymoredepressedchoosetospendmoretimeonsocialmedia.
38Ifyouthinkthatweshouldn,tpaintsocialmediawithonebroadbrush,you5reonthe
righttrack.Ontheonehand,participantsoftendescribedsocialmediaasavaluablewaytocopewith
stress.Ontheotherhand,cyberbullyingviasocialmediawasalsoacommonexperienceforparticipants.
Somealsosaidthatconstantlycheckingtheirownsocialmediaprofilewasstressful.
Ifscertainlypossiblethatexperienceslikecyberbullying,comparingyourselftoidealizedimages,
andconstantlymonitoringyourprofile,arebadforyourmood.It'salsotrueformanythatsocialmedia
offercommunitysupportandpositivemessages.Giventheinconclusiveresearch,it'ssafetosaythatat
leastweshouldn'twriteoffsocialmediaaltogether.39Anyway,youcannotuseitasacrutchfor
copingwithotherstressorsandmentalhealthproblems.
A.It'sthesamewithsocialmedia.
B.Socialmediacanbeadouble-edgedsword.
C.Peoplegetmoreopinionatedaboutthepotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.
D.Theyfoundthatthosewhousedsocialmediamorehadhigherdepressionscores.
E.Theyreviewedallexistingresearchandfoundthattherewerebothbenefitsanddrawbacks.
F.Thekeytobenefitingfromsocialmediamaylieinusingitinmoderationandstayingsocially
connected.
G.Forexample,justbecausehighersocialmediauseco-occurswithhigherlevelsofdepressiondoesn't
meansocialmediausecausesdepression.
第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)
阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Theincreaseinonlineeducationhasallowedanewtypeofteachertoemerge-anartificialone.
Butjusthowacceptingstudentsareofanartificialinstructorremainstobeseen.Thafswhyresearchers
attheUniversityofCentralFlorida'sNicholsonSchoolofCommunicationandMediaareworkingto
examinestudentperceptionsofAl-basedteachers.Someoftheirfindings,publishedrecentlyinthe
InternationalJournalofHuman-ComputerInteraction,indicatethatforstudentstoacceptanAI
teachingassistant,itneedstobeeffectiveandeasytotalkto.
AccordingtoJihyunKim,theleadauthorofthestudy,thehopeisthatbyunderstandinghow
studentsrelatetoAl-teachers,engineersandcomputerscientistscandesignthemtoeasilyintegrateinto
theeducationexperience.
“Tousemachineteacherseffectively,weneedtounderstandstudents?viewsonmachineteachers,
theirlearningexperienceswiththemandmore,^^Kimsays."Thislineofresearchisneededtodesign
effectivemachineteachersthatcanactuallyfacilitatepositivelearningexperiences.^^
AIteachingassistantscanhelpeaseateacher5sworkload,suchasbyrespondingtocommonly
askedquestionsbystudents.Thesequestions,whichoftenappeareachsemesterandbecomenumerous
inonlineclasseswithhundredsofstudents,canbecomealargetaskforateacher.Thequickdeliveryof
answersalsohelpsstudents.
AnexampleofanAIteachingassistantisonenamedJillWatsonthatwascreatedbyaresearcherat
theGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.Jillwasfedthethousandsofquestionsandanswerscommonly
askedintheresearcher'sonlineclassthathe'dtaughtovertheyears.Withsomeadditionallearningand
adjustments,Jillwaseventuallyabletoanswerthestudents5commonlyaskedquestionsaccurately
withoutanyhumanassistanceasifshewasoneoftheresearcher'shumanteachingassistants.
“IhopeourresearchfindingshelpusfindaneffectivewaytoincorporateAIagentsintoeducation,
Kimsays."ByadoptinganAIagentasanassistantforasimpleandrepetitivetask,teacherswouldbe
abletohavemorethingsscheduledsuchasmeetingwithstudentsanddevelopingteachingstrategies."
40.WhatkindofAIteachingassistantscanstudentseasilyaccept?
41.WhatdoresearchersneedtodotodesigneffectiveAIteachingassistants?
42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.
AWiththehelpofAl-basedteachingassistants,humanteacherscannotonlyberelievedfromheavy
workbutalsohavemoretimetoanswercommonlyaskedquestionsbystudents.
43.ExplainhowAItechnologycanbeusedinadifferentfieldinourlife,(about40words)
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高一学生李华,你与交换生Jim要共同完成一篇项目学习的论文,他建议用
AI完成初稿。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.委婉拒绝并说明原因
2.你的建议及计划
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
DearJim,
Yours,
LiHua
答案和解析
第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
1.B2.C3.A4.D5.C6.A7.B
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