黄金卷02（试卷含解析）-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TheleadroleTravarisalwayslovedsingingandhelandedtheleadroleintheschoolmusical.Hecouldbarelywaittotellhisparentsthe1.Butwhenhemadehisannouncementoverdinner,theylookedateachotherandfrowned(皱眉头).“YousaidtheperformanceisintheweekofNovember13?”hisdadasked.Travaris’sheart2.Ofcourse,hisoldersisterwasgettingmarriedinHawaiithatweek.“I’msorry,butyou’lljusthavetotellthemthatyoucan’tdoit,”hismomsaid.Thenextdayatschool,Travaris3totellMs.Phelps,thetheaterdirector,thatsheshouldgivehisparttosomeoneelsebecausehewouldn’tbeintownduringthe4.Butalldayhewasfloodedwith5fromhisclassmatesforgettingtheleadrole.Hedidn’thavethehearttotellthemthatitwasallfor6intheplay.Travariswasstillstayingafterschooltopracticehispart,readinghislines,singingthesongs,andevenlearningthedancenumbers.Butastheweekswentby,Travarisstartedtofeel7.Heknewthatthelongerhe8droppingoutoftheplay,themorehewouldhurttherestofthecastandcrew.Finally,TravaristoldMs.Phelpshowhecouldn’tbeinthemusical.Ms.Phelpsthankedhimfortakingthewhole9intoaccount.“Butdon’tforgettoaudition(试镜)againnextyear,andthechanceisboundupwith10.”sheaddedwithasmile.1．A．lieB．2．A．wanderedB．racedC．failedD．sank3．A．plannedB．pretendedC．managedD．forgot4．A．lessonB．performanceC．practiceD．holiday5．A．complaintsB．concernsC．contributionsD．congratulations6．A．nothingB．anythingC．somethingD．everything7．A．courageousB．disappointedC．guiltyD．curious8．A．putoffB．gaveupC．dependedonD．setabout9．A．experienceB．situationC．conversationD．argument10．A．beliefB．confidenceC．independenceD．responsibility第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Cashisking,orsotheysay.Inoneformoranother,humanbeingshavebeencarryingaroundmoneyforhundredsofyears.Metalwasfirstcoinedintocashbetween700and600BCbytheLydians,andbanknoteshavebeenincirculationsince11(they)firstuseinChinaaround1000AD．Thesedays,though,habits12(change).Moderntechnologymeans13whilemoneyisstillwidelyused,it’smorelikelytobeadigitaltransactionthanawadofnotesandahandfulofshrapnel.Ifcashisking,thenitmayeventuallybedethroned.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheAfricanpenguinisexpectedtogoextinctinthewildinjustoveradecade,givenitscurrentpopulationdecline.Themainreasonisalackoffoodcausedbydisturbancetooceanconditionsfromglobalheatingand14(compete)fromthecommercialfishingindustry.Accordingtoastudy,recentlyscientists15(identify)apossibleadditionalcause,onethatisanentirelynewthreatandthatfurther16(prevent)thepenguinsfromfindingfood:noisepollutionfrommarineshipsinabay.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。FiveBelgianfirmsplantosenda3D17(print)artificialhearttotheInternationalSpaceStationby2025tobetterunderstandtheeffectsofageingandheartdiseasesinspace.Thedevice,whichisonlyafewsquaremillimetresinsize,18(use)inkmadeupofstemcellsandbiomaterialsthatcandevelopintoanycellinthebody.Thesecellsorganizethemselvesintoadevelopingcardiacorganoid(心脏类器官),19willworkwiththeartificialcirculatorysystem.Theinnovativetechniquewouldfacilitate20(investigate)intoheartdiseasesandtrialsofsomepotentialmedicines.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)YoungLeadersprogrammeempowerstalentstomakeapositivedifferenceintheircommunitiesthroughsport.Twenty-fiveYoungLeadersarebeingselectedeverytwoyearsforafour-yearperiod.TheypromotetheOlympicvalues,spreadingthemessageofsportforgood.TobeanIOCYoungLeader,youneedtofirstcompletethe4-WeekLearningSprint(冲刺).4-WeekLearningSprintThe4-WeekLearningSprint,whichwilltakeplaceduringNovember2023,isavirtuallearningprogramme.ThesessionscanbeattendedliveorwatchedbackaftertheyaremadeavailableontheIOCchannel.Eachweek,participantswillbeaskedtocompleteatopic﹣specificreflectiontask.The4-WeekLearningSprintisopentoanyone,withthetargetaudienceagedbetween20and28.Aftersuccessfullycompletingthe4-WeekLearningSprint,youwillneedtosubmitaplanforasport﹣basedproject,whichyouwillworkonifselectedasanIOCYoungLeader.RequirementsfortheApplicants•Youhavesuccessfullycompletedthe4-WeekLearningSprint.•Youhavecompletedyourhighschoolstudies.•Youhaveatleastoneyearofworkexperience.•Youhavestrongpublicspeakingskills.•Youareself-motivatedandcommitted.•Youarepassionateaboutcreatingpositivechangeinyourcommunity.•Youareopentobeingcoachedandadvisedbyexpertsandpeers(同伴).•Youareabletoworkwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.21．Inthe4-WeekLearningSprint,participantswill.A．createchangeintheircommunityB．attendavirtuallearningprogrammeC．meetpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsD．promotetheIOCYoungLeadersproject22．IfselectedasanIOCYoungLeader,onewillneedto.A．completeareflectiontaskeachweekB．watchsportsontheIOCchannelC．workonasport-basedprojectD．coachandadvisetheirpeers23．Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?A．Spreadingthemessageofsportforgood.B．Havingatleastone-yearworkexperience.C．Showinggreatpassionforprojectplanning.D．Committingthemselvestobecominganexpert.BHaveyoueverseenakidinclasswhowouldn’tvolunteertoreadoransweraquestion?Iwasthattypeofstudent.Talkinginclasswasastruggleformebecausethefearofsayingthewrongthingwasalwaysonmymind.Therewereconstantannouncementsaboutstudentsinourclasswinningwritingawards.Itwasadreamforme.Ihavealwaysfeltunsureofmyselfwhenwriting.SemicolonsconfusedmeandIusedtoomanycommas.Ihadnoideahowtociteanything.Duringmyfreshmanyear,theteacherwouldpickthebestessayinourclasstobereadoutloud,butminewasneverchosen.Ifounditreallyhardtowriteanessay.OneteacherMr.Wilson,whotaughtmethenextsemester,changedeverything.Hewasinhisfiftiesandhadareputationforhavingaparticularteachingstyle.Heconnectedwritingandreadingtofootball,butsomehowitmadesense.Whatreallymadehimspecialtomewasthateveryclasshewouldpicksomeonetoreadtheirwritingoutloudtotheclass.Inoneofhislessons,hesaid:“IwillnotalwayspicktheessaythatIthinkhasthebestgrammaroruseofvocabulary.IwillpicktheonethatIthinkhasthemostcharacter.”Thispartwasconfusingtomebecausehowcanwritinghavecharacter?Hewentontoexplain:“IwanttoreadsomethingthatIcantellthewriterfeelalotwhilewritingit.Iwanttofeeltheemotionsyouweregoingthroughasyouwroteit.”Afewweekslater,forthefirsttime,myessaywaschosentobereadtomyclassmates.Ican’tevenrememberwhatitwasabout,butIrememberhownervousIwastoseehisreaction,mixedwithprideatthefactthathefeltlikemyworkwasworthsharing.Hegavemehiscommentsattheendofit,butIwastoonervoustorememberthem.Afterclass,hetoldmehewasexcitedtoreadmoreofmywork.Hemademefeelspecialinthewayheledtheclass,andIgotovermyfearofsharingmyworkinclass.Hemademebelieveinmywritingabilitiesandgavemetheconfidencetocontinuewriting.24．Talkinginclassusedtobedifficultfortheauthorbecause.A．hehadneverwonanyawardsforspeakingB．hedidn’tknowhowtoanswerquestionsC．hehadnoideahowtociteanythingD．hewasafraidofmakingmistakes25．Accordingtotheauthor,whatmadeMr.Wilsondifferentfromotherteachers?A．Hisstyleofteaching.B．Hisloveforstudents.C．Hisinterestinwriting.D．Hispassionforfootball.26．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.A．Mr.WilsonpreferredessayswithgooduseofvocabularyB．theauthorrememberedMr.Wilson’scommentsverywellC．Mr.Wilsonthoughttheauthor’spassagewasfullofemotionsD．theauthorbelievedthathisessaywasworthsharingintheclass27．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMr.Wilson?A．Kindandambitious.B．Honestandconfident.C．Creativeandinspiring.D．Reliableandgenerous.CDemandingdaysseemdesignedtotestourself-control.Weallneedtorelyonwillpowertoavoidshort-termtemptationsandoverrideunwantedthoughtsorimpulses(冲动).Theprevailingpsychologicaltheoryproposedthatwillpowerresembledakindofbattery.Witheachexerciseofself-control,youexhaustedthisresource.Withoutachancetorecharge,thatresourceranlow,makingithardertomaintainself-control.Thisprocesswasknownas“egodepletion”.In2010,however,psychologistVeronikaJobpublishedastudythatquestionedthefoundationsof“egodepletion”theory,withsomeinterestingevidencethategodepletiondependedonpeople’sunderlyingbeliefs.Inthestudy,Jobdividedparticipantsintotwocategories:thosewitha“limited”viewofwillpowerandthosewitha“non-limited”viewofwillpower,basedonapriorquestionnaire.Shethengavetheparticipantssomestandardlaboratorytestsexaminingmentalfocus,whichwasconsideredtodependonthereservesofwillpower.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithalimitedmindsettendedtoperformexactlyasegodepletiontheorywouldpredictbutthenon-limitedindividualsdidnot,whichindicatedthatpeople’sbeliefsaboutwillpowercouldbeself-fulfillingprophecies(预言).Thosewhobelievedwillpowerwaseasilydepletedsawtheirself-controldecrease,whilethosewhobelievedin“mentalstamina(耐力)”experiencednoegodepletion.Subsequentdebatesaboutthereliabilityofthelaboratorytestsofegodepletionemerged,butJob’sworkdemonstratedthatmindsetsignificantlyimpactedreal-lifeoutcomes.Herfollow-upstudyrevealedthataftercompletingdemandingtasks,mostparticipantsrecoveredtosomedegreeovernight,butthosewithnon-limitedmindsetsactuallyexperiencedanincreaseintheirproductivitythefollowingday,asifenergizedbytheextrapressure.Ifyoualreadyhaveanon-limitedmindsetaboutwillpower,thesefindingsmightbeacauseforself-satisfaction.Forthosewithlimitedmindsets,hopeisnotlost.Learningaboutthissciencecanhelpshiftbeliefs.Sharingthisknowledgewithotherscanfurtherconsolidatethisshift.Moreover,recollectingtimesofengagingintaxingyetenjoyabletasksnaturallyshiftspeople’sbeliefstowardnon-limitedmindsets,astheyseeproofoftheirownmentalstamina.Toprovideyourselfwithfurtherevidence,youcanconductsmallself-controltests.Asyourealizeyourwillpower’sgrowth,you’llfindresistingtemptationsanddistractionseasier.Whileimmediatemiraclesaren’tguaranteed,perseverancewillleadtoachangedmindsetandincreasedself-control,propellingactionstowardpersonalgoals.28．“Egodepletion”theoryshowsthatwillpower.A．helpscontrolourimpulsesB．reducesafterexercisingself-controlC．isatestofyourcharacterD．islikeachargeablebattery29．WhatcanwelearnfromJob’stwostudies?A．Extrapressureboostsmentalfocus.B．Demandingtasksreducementalfocus.C．Reservesofwillpowerdependonmentalfocus.D．Thechangeofmentalfocusreliesonone’smindset.30．Whichofthefollowingcanbuildnon-limitedmindsets?A．Picturingyouridealuniversity.B．DoinghomeworkinfrontofaTV.C．Sharingscienceknowledgewithfriends.D．Recallingmasteringachallengingpianopiece.DFacedwithanattemptbyanewchatbottoimitate(模仿)hisownsongs,themusicianNickCavedeliveredastrongresponse:itwas“anabsolutelyhorribleattempt”.HeunderstoodthatAIwasinitsbabyhood,butcouldonlyconcludethatthetruehorrormightbethat“itwillforeverbeinitsbabyhood”.Whilearobotmightonedaybeabletocreateasong,hewrote,itwouldnevergrowbeyond“akindofburlesque(滑稽的模仿)”,becauserobots-beingcomposedofdata-areunabletosuffer,whilesongsariseoutofsuffering.FansofCaveandhisbandwillagreethathismusicisinimitable,butthatdoesn’tmeantheywouldnecessarilybeabletotellthedifference.AfewdaysbeforeCave’sremarks,expertswereaskedtodistinguishbetweenfourgenuineartworksandtheirAIimitations.Theirconclusionswerewrongfivetimesoutof12,andtheywereonlyunitedlyrightinoneofthefourpicturecomparisons.Thesearepartygames,buttheypointtoanunfoldingchallengethatmustbemanagedasamatterofurgencybecause,likeitornot,AIartisuponus.Thearrivalofthehuman-impersonatingChatGPTmighthaveincreasedgeneralawareness,butartistsacrossawiderangeofdisciplinesarealreadyexploringitspotential,withthedancerWayneMcGregorandLondon’sYoungVicTheatreamongthosewhohavecreatedAI-basedworks.Astrongly-wordedreportfromCommunicationsandDigitalCommittee(CDC)issuedawake-upcalltothegovernment,urgingittoraiseitsgameineducatingfuturegenerationsoftech-savvyprofessionals,andtacklingkeyregulatorychallenges.Theseincludedreviewingreformstointellectualpropertylaw,strengtheningtherightsofperformersandartists,andtakingactiontosupportthecreativesectorinadaptingtothedisturbancescausedbyswiftandstormytechnologicalchange.WhiledevelopingAIisimportant,itshouldnotbepursuedatallcosts,theCDCstressed.ItdeploredthefailureoftheDepartmentforDigital,Culture,andMediatoofferadefenceagainstproposedchangestointellectualpropertylawthatwouldgivecopyrightexemption(版权豁免)toanywork,anywhereintheworld,involvingAItextanddatamining.ThechallengesofAIarebothphilosophical,asCavesuggested,andpractical.Theywillunfoldovertheshortandlongterm.State-of-the-artcreativeindustrieshaveakeyroletoplayinshapingandexploringthephilosophicalones,buttheymusthavethepracticalhelptheyrequiretosurviveandbesuccessful.Theyneeditnow.31．WhydoestheauthormentionthefourpicturecomparisonsinParagraph2?A．TostressthesimilaritiesbetweenAIartandhumanart.B．ToarguethathumanartwillbereplacedbyAIart.C．ToproveAIisstretchingtheboundariesofart.D．ToimplyAIartcannotbeunderestimated.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deplored”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Clearlyanalyzed.B．Bravelysuffered.C．Stronglycriticized.D．Accuratelyperceived.33．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．SomeartistsseeAIasatooleventhoughitisathreat.B．CreativeindustriesareresponsibleforcausingtheAIproblem.C．TechprofessionalsneedmoretrainingtobetterunderstandAIart.D．ThequalityofAIartdismissesconcernsaboutintellectualproperty.34．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheCreativeThief:AIMakesPerfectArtB．AIinArt:ABattleThatMustBeFoughtC．ThreatorOpportunity:TheImpactofAIonArtD．TheRiseofAIArt:WhatItMeanstoHumanArtistsTheterm“growthmindset”hasbecomesomethingofabuzzwordinourlife.Youcanfinditeverywhereyoulook—intheseminarsofmotivationalspeakers,intheeducationcoursedescriptions,andinthemissionstatementsofcompanies.35Oneofthebiggestmisconceptionsaboutgrowthmindsetisthatitisthesamethingasbeingopen-mindedinyourbeliefs.Thisisuntrue.Beingopen-mindedinyourbeliefsisoftenthebeliefonwhattruegrowthmindsetis,butthisisactuallycalled“falsegrowthmindset”intheresearchcommunity.36Whatthismeansisthattheyhaveafixedbeliefontheirintelligencelevel,whichisexactlywhatafixedmindsetis.Theybelievethattheyaregrowing,wheninrealitytheyarenot.Beingopen-mindedtootherpeople’sbeliefsandnewthingsisgreat,butitdoesnotmeanthatyouareactuallylearninganything.Furthermore,thereisnowaytoeverhaveatrulycompletegrowthmindset.37Itisimportantthatyouacceptthisandembraceit,whilestilldesiringtoexperiencegrowthanyway.Thisistheonlywayyoucantrulyfosterasm’ofagrowthmindsetashumanlypossible. 38Unproductiveeffortsthataremerelydonefortherewardoroutcomearenotconsideredtobegrowthmindset.Truegrowthmindsethasnothingtodowithrewardoroutcome.Rather,itisbasedentirelyonthelearningandgrowingprocessitself.Whenyouareinvestedinagrowthmindset,youareinvestedintheprocessregardlessoftheoutcome. 39Youcannotsimply“have”agrowthmindset.Youhavetowantone,andinvestinhavingone.Understandingthetruthaboutgrowthmindsetwillenableyoutounderstandexactlyhowthistraitcanassistyouinlife.A．Mindsetisalotharderthan“justdoit”.B．Itisvirtuallyimpossible,asweareallfixedinsomewayoranother.C．Anotherfalsebeliefisthatgrowthmindsetisaboutrewardedefforts.D．Asecondmisconceptionisthatpeople’smotivationcomesfromtheprocess.E．Butdespiteitspopularity,somepeopledon’tunderstandwhatitactuallymeans.F．Thisisessentiallypeoplewhohavean“Ialreadyhaveit,andIalwayshave”attitude.G．Growthmindsetassistspeopleinhavinggreaterresultsfromwhattheysetouttoaccomplish.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。“Whatif…?”thinkingisanytimeyoutrytoguessthefutureoutcomeofanactionyoutake.Forexample,“Iwanttoaskforapayraisebutwhatif…?”Yourmindthenfillsintheblankwithmanyalternatescenarios,almostallofthemnegative.It’sapowerfulcombinationoffocusingonthenegativeandtheunrealistic.Itcausesyoutosufferthrougheventsthatmaynotevenhappenasyoutrytopredictthefutureandworkouthowyou’llcopewithallthesepossible(yetunlikely)scenarios.Buttheabsoluteworstthingabout“whatif…”thinkingthough,isthatittriestoconvinceyouit’shelping.Youtellyourselfthatyou’rejustpreparingyourself,you’reprotectingyourself.But“whatif…”thinkingrarelyleadstotakingpractical,preventativeactions.Instead,youtortureyourselfbyimaginingallsortsofterribleoutcomes,allinthenameofbeing“prepared”,theideaofwhichiscapturedbeautifullybythisquote:“Donotbefooledby‘whatif…’thinking!Youarenotafortuneteller.Evenifyouwere,mentallyrehearsinghowyou’llcopewithanegativeoutcomehaslimitedusefulness.You’remuchbetteroffjustcopingwiththesituationoncewhenithappens.”Bytorturingyourselfimaginingallthepossiblebadthingsthatcouldhappen,youenduplivingthroughallthesehorriblepossibilitiesthatyoudon’thaveto.Evenifyoudogetitright,andoneofthenegativescenariosistheoutcome,you’reunlikelytorememberyourwell-rehearsedcomebackorsafetystrategyintheheatofthemoment.Anotherseparateproblemwith“whatif…?”thinkingisthatitmakesyousofearfulofallthesepotentiallyhideousoutcomesthatitstopsyoufromactuallylivingthroughthesituation,ifyoucanatallavoidit.Bystoppingyourselffromacting,notonlydoyoucutoffthepotentialbenefitsofactuallyasking,butyoualsocutofftheopportunitytoseethatyourpredictionswerewrong—becauseyoudon’ttestthemoutbyenteringthesituationregardless.Unchallengedlikethis,“Whatif…”thinkingseemslikeitactuallyprotectsyouandseemsevenmore“helpful”nexttimearound.Onceyou’vedecidedonacourseofaction,“whatif…”hasgotmuchlouderandsoonwillstopyoufromtakingaction.Iliketonotgivethemanopportunity.Onceyou’vemadeadecision,forceyourownhand:makethephonecallstraightaway,enrollandpayforthecourse,makeanappointmentinyourcalendar,etc.beforeyourfearsandnegativityevengetachancetogetupoffthecouch.40．Whatis“whatif…”thinking?41．Whatistheabsoluteworstthingabout“whatif…”thinking?42．Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.“Whatif…”thinkingactuallyprotectsonebecauseitcutsofftheopportunitytoseethatone’spredictionswerewrong.43．Brieflyintroduceoneofyourexperiencesoffighting“whatif…”thinking.(Inabout40words)假设你是李华，4月18日国家植物园开放，你的英籍教师Jim将开设“国家植物园生物多样性研究”选修课。你想参加这一选修课，请你给Jim写一封邮件，咨询以下内容：1.选修原因；2.课程相关信息（时间、方式……3.表达期待。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：选修课optionalcourse国家植物园ChinaNationalBotanicalGardenDearJim,LiHua第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Travaris在学校音乐剧中被选中担任主角，非常高兴，但是演出时间正赶上姐姐那天结婚，他不得不辞去主角的任务，由于虚荣心，他不想把不能参加演出的事情说出去，后来经过几周的心理斗争，他感到愧疚，终于告诉戏剧导演他不能参加这次音乐剧的故事。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迫不及待地想把这个消息告诉父母。A.lie谎话；B.story故事；C.news消息；D.truth事实。根据语境和前文“helandedtheleadroleintheschoolmusical”可知，Travaris在学校音乐剧中担任主角，他想把这个消息告诉父母。故选C项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Travaris的心一沉。A.wandered漫游；B.raced赛跑；C.failed失败；D.sank下沉。根据后文“Ofcourse,hisoldersisterwasgettingmarriedinHawaiithatweek.“I’msorry,butyou’lljusthavetotellthemthatyoucan’tdoit,”hismomsaid.”可知，因为正好在演出那周他姐姐要在夏威夷结婚，时间冲突了，所以Travaris的心一沉。故选D项。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，Travaris打算告诉戏剧导演老师Phelps女士，她应该把他的角色给别人，因为演出期间他不会在城里。A.planned计划，打算；B.pretended假装；C.managed管理；D.forgot忘记。根据后文“thatsheshouldgivehisparttosomeoneelsebecausehewouldn’tbeintownduringthe 4”及“Hedidn’thavethehearttotellthemthatitwasallfor6intheplay.”可知，Travaris打算把这事告诉导演老师，但由于虚荣心，又不愿意说。故选A项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lesson课；B.performance表演，演出；C.practice练习；D.holiday假期。根据前文分析并结合后文“sheshouldgivehisparttosomeoneelse”可知，演出和姐姐结婚时间冲突了，所以演出期间Travaris不在城里，要去参加姐姐婚礼。故选B项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一整天，他都被同学们铺天盖地的祝贺声淹没了，因为他得到了主角。A.complaints抱怨；B.concerns关心；C.contributions贡献；D.congratulations祝贺。根据后文“forgettingtheleadrole”可知，因为Travaris得到了主角，同学们都祝贺他。故选D项。6．考查代词词义辨析。句意：他不忍心告诉他们这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。A.nothing什么都没有；B.anything任何事；C.something某事；D.everything每件事。根据前文“becausehewouldn’tbeintownduringthe4”可知，因为演出期间Travaris不会在城里，所以这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。故选A项。失望的；C.guilt内疚的；D.curious好奇的。根据前文分析并结合前文“becausehewouldn’tbeintownduringthe4”可知，演出期间Travaris不在城里，他无法参加演出，但没有告诉导演，所以他感到内疚。故选C项。8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他知道，他拖得越久，就越会伤害其他演员和工作人员。A.putoff推迟，拖；B.gaveup放弃；C.dependedon依靠；D.setabout着手，开始。根据常识和后文“droppingoutoftheplay,themorehewouldhurttherestofthecastandcrew”可知，如果Travaris不把实情告诉导演，拖得越久，就会更加伤害其他演员和工作人员。故选A项。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Phelps女士感谢他考虑到了全局。A.experience经历；B.situation情况；C.conversation对话；D.argument争论。根据前文“TravaristoldMs.Phelpshowhecouldn’tbeinthemusical.”可知，Travaris告诉导演，他不能出演这部音乐剧，导演感谢他考虑到了整个演出安排情况。故选B项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但别忘了明年再来试镜，机会与信念息息相关。A.belief信念；B.confidence自信；C.independence独立；D.responsibility责任。根据前文“Finally,TravaristoldMs.Phelpshowhecouldn’tbeinthemusical.”可知，Travaris诚实地告诉导演实情，以便导演更好的安排演出，而导演赞扬他顾全大局的诚实品质，答应明年再给他机会，并且说，“机会和他诚实的信念是相关的”。故选A项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A【答案】11．their12．havechanged13．that【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了货币的演变。11．考查代词。句意：公元前700年至600年间，吕底亚人首次将金属铸造成现金，而中国在公元1000年左右首次使用金属钞票，此后就开始流通。提示词作定语修饰名词use，用形容词性物主代词their，意为“它们的”。故填their。12．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，如今，习惯已经改变了。分析句子可知，change(改变)是句中谓语动词，与主语habits之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语Thesedays，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填havechanged。13．考查宾语从句。句意：现代科技意味着，虽然货币仍然被广泛使用，但它更有可能是一种数字交易，而不是一叠钞票和一把弹片。分析句子可知，“whilemoneyisstillwidelyused,it’smorelikelytobeadigitaltransactionthanawadofnotesandahandfulofshrapnel.”是动词means后宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用连接词that引导该从句。故填that。B【答案】14．competition15．haveidentified16．prevents【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。14．考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词competition，意为“竞争”。故填competition。15．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填haveidentified。16．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词one)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。C【答案】17．printed18．uses19．which20．investigations【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了五家比利时公司计划将一颗3D打印的人造心脏送入太空。17．考查名词。句意：五家比利时公司计划在2025年前向国际空间站发射一颗3D打印的人造心脏，以更好地了解太空中衰老和心脏病的影响。print和空后的artificialheart之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作定语。故填printed。18．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该设备只有几平方毫米大小，使用的墨水由干细胞和生物材料组成，可以发育成体内的任何细胞。根据上下文时态和句意可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。且主语Thedevice为单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填uses。19．考查定语从句。句意：这些细胞将自己组织成一个发育中的心脏类器官，它将与人工循环系统协同工作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词adevelopingcardiacorganoid，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。20．考查名词。句意：这项创新技术将有助于对心脏病的调查和一些潜在药物的试验。空处应用名词，和and后的trials一起作宾语。investigation意为“调查”，在这里为可数名词，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填investigations。第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【答案】21．B22．C23．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。21．细节理解题。根据4-WeekLearningSprint部分中“The4-WeekLearningSprint,whichwilltakeplaceduringNovember2023,isavirtuallearningprogramme.Thesessionscanbeattend