高中一轮复习英语讲义必修三Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries

Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．humann．(与动物等对比的)人2．indexn.指数3．expectancyn.(根据概率得出的)预期数额4．householdn.一家人；家庭[第二屏听写]5．charityn． 慈善团体6．freewayn. 高速公路7．vastadj. 巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．hungern． 饥饿2．inen. 收入3．povertyn. 贫穷4．developmentn. 发展5．measurevt. 测定；测量；评估[第四屏听写]6．goaln． 目标7．positionn. 位置8．educatevt. 教育；培养；训练9．figuren. 数字10．homelessadj. 无家可归的[第五屏听写]11．crowdedadj. 拥挤的12．inhabitantn. 居民13．similarityn. 类似；相似14．unfortunateadj. 不幸的；遗憾的15．locationn. 位置；所在地[第六屏听写]16．tourismn． 旅游业17．transportn. 交通工具18．industrialadj. 工业的19．pollutedadj. 受到污染的20．smartadj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的[第七屏听写]21．entertainmentn． 娱乐22．exchangen. 交换23．at_the_top_of 在……顶端24．at_the_bottom_of 在……底部[第八屏听写]25．make_efforts 努力26．be_connected_with 与……有联系；与……有关27．be_close_to 接近；靠近二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.humann.(与动物等对比的)人2.indexn.指数3.householdn.一家人；家庭4.charityn.慈善团体5.freewayn.高速公路6.vastadj.巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.povertyn.贫穷2.goaln.目标；(进球)得分3.figuren．数字4.tourismn.旅游业5.smartadj.漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的核心单词练通1.Ifyouwanttodoubleyourine(收入),youmustdoubleyoureffort.2.Canyoumeasure(测量)accuratelywiththisruler？3.Aftermanyyearsofhardwork,Jacknowholdsaseniorposition(职位)inalargepany.4.Agroupdiscussioninclassprovidesachanceforchildrentoexchange(交换)theirideas.5.Theschemehasbeensetuptohelphomeless(无家可归的)people.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.hungern．饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的2.developmentn．发展→developvt.&vi.(使)发展→developingadj.发展中的→developedadj.发达的3.educatevt.教育；培养；训练→educationn．教育→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的4.crowdedadj.拥挤的→crowdn．人群v．聚拢5.inhabitantn．居民→inhabitv．居住6.similarityn．类似；相似→similaradj.相似的→similarlyadv.相似地；同样地7.unfortunateadj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunen．幸运；运气8.locationn．位置；所在地→locatevt.使坐落于→locatedadj.位于9.transportn．交通工具→transportationn．交通；运输10.industrialadj.工业的→industryn．工业11.pollutedadj.受到污染的→pollutevt.污染→pollutionn．污染12.entertainmentn．娱乐→entertainvt.使快乐；娱乐；款待→entertainingadj.使人愉快的；娱乐的[用准用活]1.Thefuturebelongstopeoplewhoarewelleducated,_soeducationisofgreatsignificancetous.(educate)2.Thetwopicturesaresimilarandit'seasytofindmanysimilaritiesbetweenthem.Similarly,_youcanalsofindsomedifferences.(similar)3.Itwasunfortunatetobecaughtintherain.Evenunfortunately,_wecouldn'tfindanyonetohelpus.Atlastwetriedourfortunetofindashortcut.Fortunately,_wearrivedhomebeforedark.Sowewerealsofortunate.(fortunate)4.Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,people'slivesarebeingbetterandbetter.However,China,asadevelopingcountry,isdifferentfromAmerica,whichisadevelopedone.(develop)5.Theriverinmyhometownhasbeenpollutedbythewastefromsomelocalfactories.Thepollutedwaterhasdestroyedthecropsandcausedmanydiseases,sothepublicarestronglyappealingtothegovernmenttostopthefactoriespollutingthewaterandtakemeasurestodealwiththepollution.(pollute)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“收入”名词集锦①inen.收入②payn.报酬③salaryn.薪水④wagen.工资⑤profitn.利润；收益⑥pensionn.养老金；退休金2.后缀­less形容词大观园①homeless无家可归的②hopeless无望的③breathless气喘吁吁的④endless无休止的⑤countless数不清的⑥sleepless不眠的3.trans­开头高频词全接触①transportn．交通工具②transportationn.运输③transplantv.移植④transferv.运送⑤transformv.改造⑥transmitv.传输4.­ed结尾形容词荟萃①crowded拥挤的②polluted受到污染的③skilled熟练的④experienced有经验的⑤talented/gifted有才能的⑥limited有限的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.at_the_top/bottom_of在……顶端/底部2.make_progress取得进步3.make_efforts努力4.in_particular尤其；特别5.as_a_result因此；结果Inthebeginning,Tomwaspoorinhisstudies,English①in_particular.However,he②made_effortstocatchupwithothers,and③made_progresslittlebylittle.④As_a_result,_hewas⑤at_the_top_oftheexamlistinthefinalexam.第二组1.up_to达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定2.make_sure确定；确保；弄明白3.be_connected_with与……有联系；与……有关4.be_close_to接近；靠近5.increase_..._by(以……幅度)增加Healthproblems①are_connected_withbadeatinghabitsandalackofexercise.To②make_sureweareingoodhealth,weshouldeathealthilyand③be_close_tonature.Insomewaysit's④up_toustodecidewhetherwearehealthyornot.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.top/bottom相关短语个个清①atthetop/bottomof在……顶端/底部②on(the)topof在……上方③fromtoptobottom从上到下④atbottom实际上；本质上⑤fromthebottomofone'sheart从某人心底里2.“be＋adj.＋to(介词)”短语万花筒①becloseto接近；靠近②beequalto等于；胜任③befamiliarto为……所熟悉④beopento对……开放⑤beoppositeto与……相反⑥besimilarto与……相似(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Norwayisatthetopofthelist,whiletheUSisatnumber7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。while用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况。他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.2.Althoughmorethan80%ofchildrenindevelopingcountriesgotoprimaryschool,about115millionchildrenarenotbeingeducated.在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。although引导让步状语从句。因此，尽管钱对于幸福的生活是必要的，但它买不来幸福。Therefore,although_money_is_necessary_for_a_happy_life,_itcan'tbuyhappiness.3.It'sanagreementbetweentownsorcitiesofsimilarsizeandage...这是大小和历史相似的城市或城镇之间的一份协议……“of＋抽象名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征。这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。Thetwochildrenareof_the_same_age,_butareof_different_heights.考点新组合阅读微技能Becauseoflittleine,upto10%ofthepeopleinthiscitylivedbelowthepovertyline.Theyhadastronghunger________❶abetterlife.ThenLiHuaheldthepositionofmayorinthecity.Hefiguredthattherealpovertyisnotmoney________❷ignorance,sotheyrequired________❸measurestodevelopeducationtomakesurethatallthechildrenareeducated.1.①处应填入的介词为for。2.②处应填入的连词为but，与not构成并列结构，表示“不是……，而是……”。3.③处应填入的最佳选项为__A__。A.thegovernmenttotakeB.thegovernmenttookC.thegovernmenttaking1.positionn．位置；姿势；地位；职位；处境；立场；态度ina(n)...position 处于……的地位/处境in/outofposition 在/不在适当的位置beinapositiontodosth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事take(up)aposition 就位；得到职位holdthepositionof... 担任……的职务[多角练透]单句语法填空①Ifyouwereinmyposition,youwouldhavesympathyforthosepoorchildren.②WhenIknowallthefacts,I'llbeinapositionto_advise(advise)you.③Salesdirectorisapositionwheremunicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.单句改错④Thechairsarealloutoftheposition.Weshouldmovethemaway.去掉the补全句子⑤Atpresentsheholds_the_position_ofsalesmanagerinalargepany.现在她在一家大公司担任销售经理的职务。⑥Tina,havingstruggledformonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytook_(up)_a_positionatalocaladvertisingagency.在经过数月努力找一份服务员的工作未果之后，蒂娜最终在当地广告事务所谋得了一个职位。[名师指津]当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，引导词应用where。2．figuren．数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；画像；(隐约可见的)人影v.计算；认为[练牢基点]写出下列句中figure的含义①AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.(2016·北京高考书面表达)人物②Thefigureofthedeathintheminewillbepublishedtomorrow.数字③HowdoesMarymanagetokeepherfigurewhensheeatssomuch?身材④Glancinground,hecaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.人影⑤Ifiguredthathewasdrunkandshouldn'tbeallowedtodrinkmore.认为[系统考点]keepone'sfigure 保持身材figureout 想出；理解；弄明白；计算出figureon 期待；指望；依靠；计划；打算figurein 把……计算/考虑在内[练通重点]选用上述短语填空⑥Wefigured_inthetravelexpensesbutforgotthecostofmeals.⑦Hehadfigured_onsomehelpfromhisbrother,buthisbrotherjustlethimdown.⑧Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.(2017·北京高考单选)3．measurev．测定；测量；评估；有……长(或宽、高等)n．尺寸；措施；方法；计量单位bemeasuredby/in 用……来衡量make...toone'smeasure 依照某人的尺寸做……takemeasures(todosth.) 采取措施(做某事)[多角练透]单句语法填空①Educationshouldn'tbemeasuredpurelyby/inexaminationresults.②Thenewbridgeunderconstruction,measuring(measure)twiceaslongastheoldone,isduetobepletednextmonth.③Intheolddays,mymotheralwaysmadenewclothestomyownmeasurewiththeSpringFestivaling.补全句子④Rightnow,thegovernmentshouldtake_powerful_measurestopushthestate'seconomyforward.现在政府应该采取强有力的措施来推进国民经济。[名师指津]measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词的形式。4．upto直到；达到；到……为止；忙于；胜任；由……决定[一词多义]写出下列句中upto的含义①Don'tworry.Heisuptothejobyouofferedhim.胜任②Ifyouadvertiseyourgoodsinadishonestway,youwillbefinedupto50,000yuan.达到③Whenandwherethemeetingistobeheldisuptoourheadmaster.由……决定[归纳拓展]Itisuptosb.todosth. 由某人决定做某事Itisuptoyou. 随你的便。/由你来决定。补全句子④Lifejustgivesustimeandspace.It's_up_to_us_to_fill_it.生活只给我们时间和空间，如何去填充它由我们决定。⑤—Whatshallwedothisweekend?—It's_up_to_you.Whateveryouwant.——这个周末我们做什么？——由你决定，你想做什么就做什么。考点新组合阅读微技能LiMeididwellinthemid­termexam,while❶LiHua,herbrother,didpoorlyandfeltdisappointed.________❷，LiMeidecidedtotakehimtogetclosetonature.Ontheway,sheexchangedherthoughtswithLiHua.Shetoldhimthathecouldmakeagreatprogressbymakingefforts.❸Finally,LiHuafollowedheradviceanddidverywellinthenextexam.1.①处while的意思是“然而，可是”，表示一种对比关系。2.②处应填入的最佳选项为__A__。A.InordertocheerhimupB.Soastocheerhimup3.③句中有一处语言错误，请改正。去掉a5．be/getcloseto接近，靠近；即将发生(1)closedown(广播电台、电视台)停止播音，结束播放；(工厂等的)关闭；停业closeup关闭，停歇；靠拢；(开口)闭合；靠紧(2)closev.关闭；(使)结束adj.(在时间、空间上)接近的；严密的；亲密的adv.靠近(指距离上)；不远地closelyadv.密切地，仔细地(主要指程度或关系的紧密)closedadj.关闭的，封闭的；不向公众开放的[题点全练]单句语法填空①Itisremendedthatchildrenshouldbeofferedchancestobeclosetonature.②Thetwocountriesareclosetosigning(sign)apeaceagreement.③Thegeneralorderedhissoldierstocloseuptohim.④Ifthefirmsfailedtomakeenoughmoney,theywouldclosedown.⑤Thekidsseatedthemselvesclosetotheteacherandlistenedcloselywithgreatinterest.(close)⑥Theyarehavingaclosetalkwiththedoorclosed.Pleasedon'tdisturbthem.(close)6．makeefforts努力(1)makeaneffort/efforts/everyefforttodosth. (尽一切)努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth. 不遗余力做某事(2)witheffort 努力地withouteffort 毫不费力地；容易地[多角练透]单句语法填空①Moreefforts,asreported,will_be_made(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply­sidestructuralreform.(2016·江苏高考单选)②Foodsafetyisveryimportant,sothegovernmentsparesnoeffortto_prevent(prevent)foodpollution.③Thelittleboatrolleddowntheriverwithouteffortwiththewindbehindher.补全句子④Therefore,thefilmindustryshouldmake_greater_effortstoattractmoreviewers.(2017·江苏高考书面表达)因此，电影业应更加努力吸引更多的观众。⑤Nopains,nogains.Iamsurethatwith_your_great_efforts,_youwillenjoyacolorfulandfruitfullifehere.(2014·江西高考书面表达)不劳无获。我相信只要你们付出巨大努力，你们就会在这里享有一种丰富多彩、硕果累累的生活。7．while用作并列连词Norwayisatthetopofthelist,whiletheUSisatnumber7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。本句中while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；while还可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”；引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然；只要”。[一词多义]写出下列句中while的含义①Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou'retryingtogetworkdone.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)当……时候②Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.(2016·浙江高考单选)尽管；虽然③Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.(2016·江苏高考)然而；可是④Whilethereislife,thereishope.只要[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuring(measure)over90metres.2．Ican'tfigureoutwhatitisthatmakeshimsodepressedrecently.3．MypartnerwantstokeepthepanysmallwhileI'dliketoexpandit.4．Thebuswassocrowded(crowd)thatIhadtostandallthewaytotheschool.5．Weareinadifficultpositioninthatwehavenobodyproperlyqualifiedforthiswork.6．Wemustmakeeffortsto_translate(translate)ouridealintoreality.7．Godgaveusthegiftoflife;itisuptousto_give(give)ourselvesthegiftoflivingwell.8．Thelocalinhabitants(inhabit)areallfamiliarwiththefamouswriter.9．Itiswell­knownthateducationplaysanimportantpartinthedevelopment(develop)ofacountry.10．Thispanyhaslaunchedseveraltypesofcarsthisyear,andoneinparticularappealstotheyoung.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Wehavemadeagreatprogress,butthereisstillalongwaytogo.去掉第一个a2．MrSmithaskedthetailortomakesomenewclothesonhisownmeasure.on→to3．Weshouldmakegreatefforttomakeupforthelosttime.effort→efforts4．Manypeopleinthevillagefellillbecauseofdrinkingthepollutingwater.polluting→polluted5．Thefirefighterscouldn'tgetcloselytothefirebecausethereweretoomanypeopleinthestreet.closely→closeⅢ.根据提示词补全句子1．你们应该采取有效措施改善你们工人的工作环境。(measure)Youshouldtake_effective_measurestoimproveyourworkers'workingconditions.2．正如这份报告中表明的那样，青少年问题常常与家庭生活和教育有关。(beconnectedwith)Asisshowninthereport,teenagerproblemsare_often_connected_with_familylife_and_education.3．这兄弟俩很不同。一个喜欢读书，而另一个酷爱运动。(while)Thetwobrothersareverydifferent.Onelikesreading,while_the_other_is_crazy_aboutsports.4．交通问题已经严重影响了经济的发展，因此，我们必须努力解决这个问题。(makeefforts)Thetrafficproblemshaveseverelyaffectedeconomicdevelopment,sowemustmake_efforts_to_solve_them.5．生活就像一个杯子，而它是“杯具”还是“洗具”，由你自己决定。(upto)Lifeislikeacup,butit's_up_to_you_to_decidewhetherit'sadrinkingcuporatoothbrushcup.Ⅳ.句型转换1．Somepeoplelikelivinginthecity.Otherspreferlivinginthecountryside.→Somepeoplelikelivinginthecitywhileotherspreferlivinginthecountryside.2．Iwasconfrontedwithenormousdifficulties,butIworkedwithperseverance.→Although/Though/WhileIwasconfrontedwithenormousdifficulties,Iworkedwithperseverance.3．Idohopethisbookwillbeveryvaluabletohiminhisstudies.→Idohopethisbookwillbeof_great_valuetohiminhisstudies.[高考拆组训练]语言知识运用组块专练——练准度(限时：25分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空Mylifewouldn'tbesowonderfulwithoutmyparents.EverytimeIlookatthemoreventhinkofthem,Iamvery__1__.OurnativecountrywasVietnam,but,to__2__thewar,wehadtoleaveourhomeandallour__3__andgoonalongboatjourneytoAmerica.Iwastwoyearsoldandtheyoungestofsevenchildren.Thisjourneywasnot__4__formyparents,butthroughouttheythoughtoftheirchildrenfirst.Iwaseventoldthattheyonceateonlyapplepeelsto__5__thefruitpartforme.Thiswasspecialbecauseatthattimemanychildrenwere__6__bytheirparentsbecauseofthewar.OurjourneytoAmericawasnotthelastofour__7__.WewerealsofacedwithstartingalifeinAmericawithnothing.Myparents'strong__8__togivetheirchildrenagoodlifewaswhathastakenuswherewearetoday.Ofcourse,ourbeginningyearswerehard.Welivedonjustenoughfoodboughtwithfoodstamps,woreoldclothesandplayedwithtoysboughtatsecond­handshops.__9__almosteverythingwehadwasboughtatsecond­handshops,wewere__10__becauseourlifewasreallypeaceful.Myparents__11__veryhardtobuildabetterlife.Iwillalways__12__howearlytheygotupinthemorning.Afterafewyearsmydadgotadegreeinbusinessandthenhegota(n)__13__.Slowly,ourlivingstatusbeganto__14__.Myparentsboughtacarand__15__theysavedupenoughmoneytobuyahouse;thiswasthetruesignofmyparents'__16__.Todaywemovedoutoftheapartment,__17__allthehardtimesandstartingournew__18__.Wereallylivevery__19__andmyparents'greatestachievementisthattheyhave__20__thatnothingisimpossible.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的父母带着孩子在美国努力生活的故事。1．A.honorable B．gratefulC．admirable D．powerful解析：选B根据本空前的“Mylifewouldn'tbesowonderful...”可知，作者对父母十分感激。2．A.escape B．preventC．end D．stop解析：选A根据本空后的“wehadtoleaveourhome”可知，为了躲避战争，作者一家人不得不离开家乡。3．A.belongings B．memoriesC．friends D．colleagues解析：选A根据下文中的“startingalifeinAmericawithnothing”可知，作者一家人不得不放弃在越南的财产。4．A.easy B．possibleC．long D．dangerous解析：选A上文说作者的父母带着七个孩子来到美国，这段行程一定非常不容易。5．A.demand B．storeC．find D．spare解析：选D根据本空前的“theyonceateonlyapplepeels”可知，父母只是吃苹果皮，而把果肉分让给作者。6．A.adopted B．raisedC．abandoned D．protected解析：选C根据本空前的“Thiswasspecialbecauseatthattime”以及“becauseofthewar”可知，这在当时很特别是因为由于战争很多儿童都被遗弃了。7．A.struggles B．worryC．burdens D．pain解析：选A根据本空后的“WewerealsofacedwithstartingalifeinAmericawithnothing.”可知，去美国的旅程并不是最后的奋斗。8．A.determination B．decisionC．ability D．patience解析：选A根据本空后的“togivetheirchildrenagoodlifewaswhathastakenuswherewearetoday”可知，父母让孩子们过上更好的生活的决心成就了今天的我们。9．A.Because B．WhileC．Since D．Unless解析：选B根据本空后的“almosteverythingwehadwasboughtatsecond­handshops,wewere...”可知，此处是说尽管几乎我们所有的东西都是二手货。10．A.cautious B．nervousC．happy D．crazy解析：选C根据本空后的“becauseourlifewasreallypeaceful”可知，我们感到很开心因为我们生活平静。11．A.thought B．expectedC．worked D．fought解析：选C根据本空后的“veryhardtobuildabetterlife”可知，父母为了创造更好的生活而拼命工作。12．A.cherish B．enjoyC．understand D．remember解析：选D根据本空后的“howearlytheygotupinthemorning”可知，作者永远都会记得父母每天起得有多早。13．A.substitute B．promotionC．status D．partner解析：选B根据本空前的“Afterafewyearsmydadgotadegreeinbusiness”可知，然后父亲得到了升职。14．A.follow B．appearC．rise D．continue解析：选C上文说父亲升职了，由此可知作者家的生活条件有所提高。15．A.immediately B．obviouslyC．suddenly D．gradually解析：选D根据本空后的“theysavedupenoughmoneytobuyahouse”可知，渐渐地父母攒够了钱买房子。16．A.success B．challengeC．hope D．cooperation解析：选A根据下文“myparents'greatestachievement”可知，这是父母成功的标志。17．A.falling B．carryingC．forgetting D．leaving解析：选D根据本空前“wemovedoutoftheapartment”可知，现在已经抛下了那段艰难的日子。18．A.education B．lifeC．family D．career解析：选B上文说已经抛下了那段艰难的日子，我们过上了新的生活。19．A.confidently B．fortablyC．lonely D．independently解析：选B上文说作者一家人刚到美国的时候生活很艰苦，现在那段日子已经远去，由此可知现在生活很舒适。20．A.described B．declar