2020年度全国职称英语考试真题模拟及答案卫生类B级

全国职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类B级

资料仅供参考

全国职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类（B级）

第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1.Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandveryfunnvdialogues.

A.boring

B.humorous

C.original

D.long

2.Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.

A.reduces

B.drops

C.leaves

D.changes

3.Patriciastaredattheothergirlswithresentment.

A.doubt

B.surprise

C.love

D.anger

4.Thethiefwasfinallycapturedtwomilesawayfromthevillage.

A.killed

B.caught

C.found

D.jailed

资料仅供参考

5.Suchadatabasewouldbeextremelycostlytosetup.

A.destroy

B.transfer

C.update

D.establish

6.Ifweleavenow,weshouldmissthethetraffic.

A.avoid

B.mix

C.stop

D.direct

7.He'sspentyearscultivatinqaknowledgeofart.

A.using

B.denying

C.sharing

D.developing

8.Thetwobankshaveannouncedplanstomemenextyear.

A.close

B.sell

C.combine

D.break

9.Manycitieshaverestrictedsmokinginpublicplaces.

A.allowed

B.kept

C.limited

资料仅供参考

D.stopped

10.1wanttoprovidemyboyswithadecenteducation.

A.special

B.general

C.private

D.good

11.WhataremychancesofpromotionifIstayhere?

A.advertisement

B.replacement

C.advancement

D.retirement

12.We'veseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.

A.regular

B.clear

C.quick

D.great

13.Herfatherwasaquietmanwithqracefulmanners.

A.similar

B.bad

C.polite

D.usual

14.TherewasaDrofoundsilenceafterhisremark.

A.short

B.sudden

资料仅供参考

C.deep

D.proud

15.ThedocumentwascomuilededbytheDepartmentofHealth.

A.printed

B.sent

C.written

D.attached

第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信

息、，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

BreastCancerDeathsRecordLow

Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreastcancerhasfallentoarecordlowby

droppingunder12,000ayearforthefirsttimesincerecordsbegan.

TheCancerResearchUKdatashowedthat11,990womendiedintheUKin.

Thepreviouslowestfigurehadbeenrecordedin1971-theyearrecords

began-afterwhichitrosesteadilyyearbyyearuntilthelate1980s.

ProfessorPeterJohnson,CancerResearchUK'schiefclinician,said,It's

incrediblyencoura-gingtoseefewerwomendyingfrombreastcancernowthan

atanytimeinthelast40years,despitebreastcancerbeingdiagnosedmore

often.

Researchhasplayedacrucialroleinthisprogressleadingtoimproved

treatmentsandbettermanagementforwomenwiththedisease.

"TheintroductionoftheNHS（国民保健制度）breastscreeningprogramhasalso

contributedaswomenaremorelikelytosurvivetheearliercancerisdiagnosed."

BreastcancerisnowthemostcommoncancerintheUKwith45,500women

everyyeardiagnosedwiththedisease-a50%risein25years.

Thenumberofdeathspeakedin1989,when15,625womendied.Itthenfell

bybetween200and400deathseachyearuntil

资料仅供参考

Therewasaslightriseinandthentwovearsoffalls.

DrSarahCant,policymanageratBreakthroughBreastCancer,said,"Itis

greatnewsthatfewerwomenaredyingfrombreastcancerandhighlightsthe

impactofimprovedtreatments,breastscreeningandawarenessofthedisease.

“However,thisisstilltoomanywomenandincidence（发生率）ofthedisease

isincreasingyearbyyear."

Therisingrateofbreastcancerdiagnosishasbeenputdowntoavarietyof

factorsincludingobesity（月巴胖）andalcoholconsumption.

16.11,990womendiedfrombreastcancerintheUKin.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17.BreastcancerdeathsbegantoberecordedintheUKin1971.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

18.TherateofbreastcancerdiagnosisintheUKhasbeendropping.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

19.Breastcancercancomeback10yearsafteryouwerefirstdiagnosed.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

20.BreastcancerismorecommonintheUKthaninmanyothercountries.

A.Right

资料仅供参考

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

21.FewerwomendiedfrombreastcancerintheUKinthanin.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

22.Obesityandalcoholconsumptionmayalsoleadtosomeotherdiseases.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

笫3部分：概括大意与完成句子［第23~30题，每题工分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1-4段每段选择1

个最佳标题；（2）第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Parkinson'sDisease

1Parkinson'sdiseaseaffectsthewayyoumove.Ithappenswhenthereisa

problemwithcertainnervecellsinthebrain.Normally,thesenervecellsmakean

importantchemicalcalleddopamine.Dopaminesendssignalstothepartofyour

brainthatcontrolsmovement.Itletsyourmusclesmovesmoothlyanddowhat

youwantthemtodo.WhenyouhaveParkinson's,thesenervecellsbreakdown.

Thenyounolongerhaveenoughdopamine,andyouhavetroublemovingthe

wayyouwantto.

2Nooneknowsforsurewhatmakesthesenervecellsbreakdown.But

scientistsaredoingalotofresearchtolookfortheanswer.Theyarestudying

manypossiblecauses,includingagingandpoisonsintheenvironment.

AbnormalgenesseemtoleadtoParkinson'sdiseaseinsomepeople.Butsofar,

thereisnotenoughprooftoshowthatitisalwaysinherited.

3,rremormaybethefirstsymptomyounotice.Itisoneofthemostcommon

signsofthedisease,althoughnoteveryonehasit.Moreimportantly,not

everyonewithatremorhasParkinson'sdisease.Tremoroftenstartsinjustone

armorlegoronlyononesideofthebody.Itmaybeworsewhenyouareawake

butnotmovingtheaffectedarmorleg.Itmaygetbetterwhenyoumovethe

资料仅供参考

limboryouareasleep.Intime,Parkinson'saffectsmusclesallthroughyour

body,soitcanleadtoproblemsliketroubleswallowingorconstipation.Inthe

laterstagesofthedisease,apersonwithParkinson'smayhaveafixedorblank

expression,troublespeaking,andotherproblems.Somepeoplealsohavea

decreaseinmentalskills(dementia).

4Atthistime,thereisnocureforParkinson'sdisease.Butthereareseveral

typesofmedicinesthatcancontrolthesymptomsandmakethediseaseeasierto

livewith.Youmaynotevenneedtreatmentifyoursymptomsaremild.Your

doctormaywaittoprescribemedicinesuntilyoursymptomsstarttogetinthe

wayofyourdailylife.Yourdoctorwilladjustyourmedicinesasyoursymptoms

getworse.Youmayneedtotakeseveralmedicinestogetthebestresults.

23.ParagraphI.

24.Paragraph2.

25.Paragraph3.

26.Paragraph4.

A.TipsforPatientswiththeDisease

B.CommonTreatmentfortheDisease

C.MeansofDiagnosisoftheDisease

D.TypicalSymptomsoftheDisease

E.PossibleCausesoftheDisease

F.DefinitionofParkinson'sDisease

27.You*IIfindithardtomovethewayyouwant

to.

28.Alotofresearchisbeingdonetofindout・

资料仅供参考

29.OneofthemostcommonsignsofParkinson'sis

tremor,

30.ApersonwithParkinson'shastolearntolivewiththe

disease,■

A.ifthereisn'tenoughdopaminemyourbody

B.whataffectsmusclesallthroughyourbody

C.whichcannotbecuredyet

D.ifyouhaveafixedorblankexpression

E.whichmaybethefirstsymptomyounotice

F.whatcausesParkinson'sdisease

第4部分:阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分洪45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题定工个最佳选项。

第一篇

HumanHeartCanMakeNewCells

Solvingalongstandingmystery,scientistshavefoundthatthehumanheart

continuestogeneratenewcardiaccellsthroughoutthelifespan,althoughthe

rateofnewcellproductionslowswithage.

Thefinding,publishedintheApril3issueofScience,couldopenanewpath

forthetreatmentofheartdiseasessuchasheartfailureandheartattack,experts

say.

"Wefindthatthebeatingcellsintheheart,cardiomyocytes,arerenewed,“

saidleadresearcherDr.JonasFrisen,aprofessorofstemcellresearchatthe

KarolinskaInstituteinStockholm,Sweden."Ithaspreviouslynotbeenknown

whetherwewerelimitedtothecardiomyocyteswearebomwithoriftheycould

berenewed."hesaid.

Theprocessofrenewingthesecellschangesovertime,Frisenadded.Ina20-

year-oldzabout1percentofcardiomyocytesareexchangedeachyear,butthe

turnoverratedecreaseswithagetoonly0.45percentbyage75.

资料仅供参考

“Ifwecanunderstandhowthegenerationofnewcardiomyocytesis

regulated,itmaybepotentiallypossibletodeveloppharmaceuticalsthat

promotethisprocesstostimulateregenerationafterforexample,aheartattack,

“Frisensaid.

Thatcouldleadtotreatmentthathelpsrestoredamagedhearts.

HAlotofpeoplesufferfromchronicheartfailure/'notedco-authorDr.Ratan

Bhardwaj.

RatanBhardwaj,alsofromtheKarolinskaInstitute."Chronicheartfailure

arisesfromheartcellsdying,"hesaid.

Withthisfinding,scientistsare"openingthedoortopotentialtherapiesto

havingourselveshealourselves,"Bhardwajsaid."Maybeonecoulddevisea

pharmaceuticalagentthatwouldmakeheartcellsmakenewandmorecellsto

overcometheproblemtheyarefacing.n

Butbarriersremain.AccordingtoBhardwaj,scientistsdonotyetknowhow

toincreaseheartcellproductiontoaratethatwouldreplacecellsfasterthan

theyaredyingoff,especiallyinolderpatientswithheartfailure.Inaddition,the

numberofnewcellstheheartproduceswasestimatedusinghealthyhearts-

whethertherateofcellturnoverindiseasedheartsisthesameremains

unknown.

31.Thehumanheartstopsproducingcardiaccells

A.whenapersonbecomesold

B.assoonasapersongetssick

C.immediatelyafterapersonisborn

D.onceapersondies

32.Thefindingcouldprovetobeusefulto

A.theanalysisofcardiaccells

B.thepreventionofchronicdiseases

C.thetreatmentofheartdisease

D.thestudyoflongstandingmysteries

33.Inpeopleintheirmid-70szonly0.45percentofcardiomyocytes_.

资料仅供参考

A.arestillfunctional

B.arereducedeachyear

C.arereplacedeachyear

D.aredamagedeachyear

34.Chronicheartfailureisattributedto

A.thedyingheartcells

B.theeffectofpharmceutical

C.theweightofapatient

D.thelifespanofaperson

35.Itisnotknownyetiftherateofcellturnoverindiseasedhearts

A.ishighenoughtoreplacecellsfasterthanthey*redyingoff

B.isofanyusetoresearchers

C.isthesameasthatinhealthyhearts

D.changesovertime

第—^扁

TheIceMan

OnaSeptemberdayin1991,twoGermanswereclimbingthemountain

betweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpass,theyfoundthebodyofa

manlyingontheice.Atthatheight（10,499feet,or3,200meters）,theiceis

usuallypermanent,but1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainice

hadmeltedmorethanjust.usualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface.

Itwaslyingfacedown.Theskeleton（骨架）wasinperfectcondition,exceptfor

awoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsome

clothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeet

therewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmade

oftreebark（树皮）andaholderforarrows.

Whowastheman?Howandwhenhadhedied?Everybodyhadadifferent

answertothesequestions.Somepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscentury,

资料仅供参考

perhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarI,sinceseveralsoldierhad

alreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfather,

whohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadnever

beenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwas

probablymucholderzmaybeevenathousandyearsold.

Withmoderndatingtechniques,thescientistssoonlearnedthattheiceman

wasabout5,300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronze

AgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddied

fromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidence,however,tellsa

differentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhis

shoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskin,butitcausedinternaldamageand

bleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswound,andnotfromthewoundon

thebackofhishead.Thismeansthatthewasprobablyinsomekindofbattle.It

mayhavebeenpartofalargewar,orhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemay

evenhavebeenabandithimself.

Bystudyinghisclothesandtools,scientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdeal

fromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.wemayneverknowthefullstoryof

howhedied,buthehasgivenusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistant

times.

36.ThebodyoftheIcemanwasfoundinthemountainsmainlybecause

A.themeltedicemadehimvisible

B.twoGermanswereclimbingthemountains

C.hewaslyingontheice

D.hewasjustonamountainpass

37.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.TheIcemanwaskilledwhileworking.

B.TheIcemanlivedapoorlife.

C.TheIcemancouldhavediedfromthewoundinthehead.

D.TheIcemanwasstruckdeadfrombehind.

38.AllthefollowingareassumptionsoncemadeabouttheIcemanEXCEPT.

A.hewasasoldierinWorldWarI

资料仅供参考

B.hewasaSwisswoman'slong-lostfather

C.hewasbornaboutathousandyearsago

D.hecamefromItaly

39.ThescientistsmadethedeductionthattheIceman'

A.washitintheshoulderbyanarrowhead.

B.wasprobablyinsomekindofabattle

C.hadgotawoundonthebackofhishead

D.hadatinyholeinhisskincausinghisdeath

40.Thewordubanditsninparagraph4couldbebestreplacedby

A.robbers

B.soldiers

C.hunters

D.shooters

第三篇

Holdingontohopemaynotmakepatientshappierastheydealwithchronic

illnessordiseases,accordingtoanewstudybyUniversityofMichiganHealth

Systemresearchers.

"Hopeisanimportantpartofhappiness,"saidPeterA.Ubel,M.D.directorof

theU-MCenterforBehavioralandDecisionSciencesinMedicineandoneofthe

authorsofthehappilyhopelessstudy,nbutthere'sadarksideofhope.

Sometimes,ifhopemakespeopleputoffgettingonwiththeirlife,itcangetin

thewayofhappiness."

Theresultsshowedthatpeopledonotadaptwelltosituationsiftheyare

believedtobeshortterm.Ubelandhisco-authors-bothfromU-MandCarnegie

MellonUniversity-studiedpatientswhohadnewcolostomies:theircolonswere

removedandtheyhadtohavebowelmovementsinapouchthatliesoutside

theirbody.

Atthetimetheyreceivedtheircolostomy,somepatientsweretoldthatthe

colostomywasreversible-thattheywouldundergoasecondoperationto

资料仅供参考

reconnecttheirbowelsafterseveralmonths.Othersweretoldthatthecolostomy

waspermanentandthattheywouldneverhavenormalbowelfunctionagain.The

secondgroup-theonewithouthope-reportedbeinghappieroverthenextsix

monthsthanthosewithreversiblecolostomies.

"Wethinktheywerehappierbecausetheygotonwiththeirlives.They

realizedthecardstheyweredealt,andrecognizedthattheyhadnochoicebutto

playwiththosecards/*saysUbel,whoisalsoaprofessorintheDepartmentof

InternalMedicine.

"Theothergroupwaswaitingfortheircolostomytobereversed,"headded.

"Theycontrastedtheircurrentlifewiththelifetheyhopedtolead,anddidn't

makethebestoftheircurrentsituation."

"Hopefulmessagesmaynotbeinthebestinterestsofthepatientandmay

interferewiththepatient'semotionaladaptation,"Ubelsays."Idon'tthinkwe

shouldtakehopeaway.ButIthinkwehavetobecarefulaboutbuildingup

people'shopesomuchthattheyputofflivingtheirlives.11

41.Chronicallyillpatientsmaybehappier

A.iftheykeepthinkingoftheirpast

B.iftheybelievethey'llrecover

C.iftheyputoffmovingon

D.iftheymanagetogetonwiththeirlife

42.Whathadhappenedtothepatientsunderstudy?

A.Theyhadjustsurvivedanaccident.

B.Theyhadjusthadanoperation.

C.Theyhadjustinjuredtheircolons.

D.Theyhadjustmadesomepouches.

43.Onegroupofthepatientswashappierbecause

A.theymadethebestoftheircurrentsituation

B.theyweregoodatplayingcards

C.theyregainednormalbowelfunction

资料仅供参考

D.theywerepromisedanotheroperation

44.Theothergroupwasnotashappybecause.

A.theyacceptedtheircurrentsituation

B.theywereanxioustogetbetter

C.theymissedtheirpreviouslife

D.theyrefusedtoplaycards

45.Whatcouldbethemessageofthepassage?

A.Givinguphopemeansgivinguphappiness.

B.Lettinggoofhopeisattimesabetterchoice.

C.Hopeiswhatmakespeopleon.

D.Hopefrequentlygetsinthewayofhappiness.

第5部分：补全短文(第46~5。题，每题2分，共工。分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，据短文内容将其分别放回原有位

置，以恢复文章原貌。

Semco

At21zRicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather*sbusinessinBrazil,Semco,

whichsoldpartsforships.SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadman,from7:30am,

untilmidnighteveryday.Oneafternoon,whiletouringafactoryinNewYork,he

collapsed.Thedoctorwhotreatedhimsaid,“

There'snothingwrongwithyou.Butifyoucontinue,likethis,you'llfinda

newhomeinourhospital."Semlergotthemessage.Hechangedthewayhe

worked.Infactzhechangedthewayshisemployeesworkedtoo.

Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheones

worringwhenthingswentwrong.Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalaries,and

hecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessary,likereceptionistsand

secretaries.(46)"EveryoneatSemco,eventopmanagers,meetsguestsin

reception,doesthephotocopying,sendsfaxes,typeslettersanddialsthephone.

资料仅供参考

Hecompletelyreorganizedtheoffice:insteadofwalls,theyhaveplantsat

Semco,sobossescann'tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse(47)Asfor

uniforms,somepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts.

Semlersays,“WehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositsthere

readingthenewspaperhourafterhour.Hedoesn'tevenpretendtobebusy.But

whenaSemcopumpontheotheothersideoftheworldfailesmillionsofgallons

ofoilareabouttospillintothesea.Rubinspringsintoaction.(48)That'swhen

heearnshissalary.Noonecaresifhedoesn'tlookbusytherestofthetime.n

Semcohasflexibleworkinghours:theemployeesdecidewhentheyneedto

arriveatwork.Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear.(49)

Itsoundsperfect,butdoesitwork?Theanswerisinthenumbers:inthelast

sixyears,

Semco'srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million.Thecompany

hasgrownfrom800employeesto3,000.Why?

Semlersaysit'sbecauseof"peerpressure".Peerpressuremakesemployees

workhardforeveryoneelse.(50)Inotherwords,RicardoSemlertreatshis

workerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults.Andtheydo.

A.Ifsomoneisn'tdoinghisjobwell,theotherworkerswillnotallowthe

situationtocontinue.

B.Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany.

C.Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.

D.Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofix

them.

E.Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork.

F.Also,Semcoletsitsworkersusethecompany'smachinersfortheirown

projects,andmakes

themtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear.

第6部分：完形填空(51~65题，每题11分，共T5分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项.

Nurse!IWantMyMummy

资料仅供参考

Whenachildisillinhospital,aparent'sfirstreactionistobe(5l)them.

Mosthospitalsnowallowparentstosleep(52)withtheirchild,providinga

bedorsofaontheward.

Butuntilthe1970sthis(53)wasnotonlyfrownedupon-itwasactively

discouraged.Staffworriedthatthechildrenwere(54)whentheirparentsleft,

andsotherewasablanketban.

Aconcernednurse,PamelaHawthorn,disagreedandherstudy"Nurse!I

wantmymummy"publishedin1974,(55)thefaceofpaediatricnursing.

MartinJohnson,aprofessorofnursingattheUniversityofSalford,saidthat

theworkof(56)likePamelahadchangedthefaceofpatientcare.

"Pamela'sstudywasdoneagainstthe(57)ofalivelydebateinpaediatrics

andpsy-chologyastothedegreewomenshouldspendwithchildreninthe

outsideworldandthedegreetowhichtheyshouldbeallowedtovisitchildrenin

(58).”

."Theideawasthatifmumcameto(59)asmallchildinhospitalthechild

wouldbeupsetandinconsolableforhours.”

"Yetthenursenoticedthatifmumdidnotcomeat(60)thechildstayedina

relativelystablestatebuttheymightbedepressed."

"Ofcourseweknownowthattheyhadalmostgivenuphope(61)mumwas

evecomingback."

"Toavoidalittlebitofpaintheysaidthatno-oneshouldvisit."

"ButchildrenwerealoneanddepressedsoHawthornsaidparentsshouldbe

(62)tovisit."

"DrPeterCarter,chiefexecutiveandgeneralsecretaryoftheRoyalCollegeof

Nursing,saidher(63)hadbeenseminal."

“Herresearchputanendtothe(64)whenparentshandedtheirchildrenover

tostrangersatthedoorofthehospitalward.H

“Asaresultofherwork,parentsandcarersarenowrecognisedaspartners

mcareandareaffordedtheopportunitytostaywiththeirchildrenwhilstthey

areinhospital,(65)hasdramaticallyimprovedbothparents'andchildren's

experienceofcare.n

51.A.withB.overC.uponD.for

资料仅供参考

52.A.soundlyB.overtimeC.fortnigh